This paper presents a Matlab program for calculating the inertia tensor for complex plane surfaces. The calculation of the moments of inertia for plane surfaces with classical methods involves decomposing the surfaces into primitive surfaces and applying Steiner's relations. The classical methods are based on the knowledge of the analytical determined moments of inertia for primitive surfaces. In the case of complex surfaces, numerical methods can be used which are based on discretizing the surface into triangles and determining the moments of inertia by applying Steiner's relations knowing the analytical moments of inertia for a triangle. Both methods are computationally intensive and are basically based on the analytical moments of inertia of an elementary surface. In the case of large and complex surfaces the Monte Carlo algorithm can be used, which is a probabilistic algorithm based on the generation of area elements within the surface for which the moments of inertia are determined and then summed over the entire area bounded by the surface. The paper presents the Matlab calculation program and application examples for the use of the probabilistic Monte Carlo algorithm.
{"title":"Matlab Program for Determining the Inertia Characteristics of Flat Surfaces with Monte Carlo Algorithms","authors":"M. Botiș, C. Pleșcan","doi":"10.35219/mms.2022.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a Matlab program for calculating the inertia tensor for complex plane surfaces. The calculation of the moments of inertia for plane surfaces with classical methods involves decomposing the surfaces into primitive surfaces and applying Steiner's relations. The classical methods are based on the knowledge of the analytical determined moments of inertia for primitive surfaces. In the case of complex surfaces, numerical methods can be used which are based on discretizing the surface into triangles and determining the moments of inertia by applying Steiner's relations knowing the analytical moments of inertia for a triangle. Both methods are computationally intensive and are basically based on the analytical moments of inertia of an elementary surface. In the case of large and complex surfaces the Monte Carlo algorithm can be used, which is a probabilistic algorithm based on the generation of area elements within the surface for which the moments of inertia are determined and then summed over the entire area bounded by the surface. The paper presents the Matlab calculation program and application examples for the use of the probabilistic Monte Carlo algorithm. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90268119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Nechita, Marilena Crăciun, Carmen Elena Ochiroși
The pharmaceutical products represent a serious environmental issue in the municipal wastewaters and waste water treatment plants (WWTP). Due to their resistance to biological degradation, the elimination of these pollutants is difficult. In the last years, paracetamol has been detected in higher concentrations in wastewaters. In order to avoid disturbing the aquatic life, economically viable procedures should be identified for removing these types of pollutants. In this context, the present paper has evaluated the efficiency of clam shells waste for retaining paracetamol molecules dispersed in aqueous solutions. The obtained results showed that high removal efficiency is obtained for 60 minutes adsorption duration and a ratio of about 1:100 clam shells: aqueous solution.
{"title":"Removal of Drug Pollutants from Aqueous Media Using Clam Shells Waste","authors":"P. Nechita, Marilena Crăciun, Carmen Elena Ochiroși","doi":"10.35219/mms.2022.1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.1.07","url":null,"abstract":"The pharmaceutical products represent a serious environmental issue in the municipal wastewaters and waste water treatment plants (WWTP). Due to their resistance to biological degradation, the elimination of these pollutants is difficult. In the last years, paracetamol has been detected in higher concentrations in wastewaters. In order to avoid disturbing the aquatic life, economically viable procedures should be identified for removing these types of pollutants. In this context, the present paper has evaluated the efficiency of clam shells waste for retaining paracetamol molecules dispersed in aqueous solutions. The obtained results showed that high removal efficiency is obtained for 60 minutes adsorption duration and a ratio of about 1:100 clam shells: aqueous solution. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86514702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Materials possess a number of objective characteristics, the values of which can be determined experimentally. On the other hand, materials also have a number of subjective characteristics, such as perceived quality, perceived performance, and so on. These perceived features are very important in constructing the product’s aesthetics. The paper presents the results of three experiments performed to determine perceived characteristics (quality, performance, durability, modernity, and aesthetics) associated with four classes of materials (metal, plastic, wood, and ceramics). Computer-designed product models were used in the experiments. All products used in the experiment were low-tech. The design was varied on three levels: minimal, elaborate, and exceptional. Differences in perception were found for each level of design. It has been found that the elaborate design improves the perception of the characteristics of the materials, but the exceptional design has a negative influence on the perception. Plastics benefit greatly from the contribution of design, while wood (traditional material) is better perceived in the case of minimal design.
{"title":"Perceived Characteristics of Materials in a Product Aesthetics Context","authors":"A. Dumitrescu","doi":"10.35219/mms.2022.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"Materials possess a number of objective characteristics, the values of which can be determined experimentally. On the other hand, materials also have a number of subjective characteristics, such as perceived quality, perceived performance, and so on. These perceived features are very important in constructing the product’s aesthetics. The paper presents the results of three experiments performed to determine perceived characteristics (quality, performance, durability, modernity, and aesthetics) associated with four classes of materials (metal, plastic, wood, and ceramics). Computer-designed product models were used in the experiments. All products used in the experiment were low-tech. The design was varied on three levels: minimal, elaborate, and exceptional. Differences in perception were found for each level of design. It has been found that the elaborate design improves the perception of the characteristics of the materials, but the exceptional design has a negative influence on the perception. Plastics benefit greatly from the contribution of design, while wood (traditional material) is better perceived in the case of minimal design. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86372858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reducing environmental pollution is a particularly important issue, intensively studied nationally and internationally, as evidenced by the large number of scientific papers published on this topic. Literature studies show that reducing environmental pollution means not only reducing the amount of air / water / soil pollutants but also finding ways to recover waste from industrial activities that will reduce the problems of environmental pollution due to their storage.The materials resulting from the gasification processes of cellulose waste, as well as the materials obtained with the help of cellulose extracted from cellulose waste, were tested in the adsorption processes of some polluting species and the results demonstrated the efficiency of these materials for reducing the environmental pollution. The use of lignin as an adsorbent for the removal of pollutants (organic dyes or metal ions) from industrial wastewater can be considered a viable alternative, which can be a solution to both the problem of lignin recovery and the reduction of pollutant content in industrial wastewater.
{"title":"The Use of Lignin for Environmental Protection: An Overview of Recent Literature","authors":"A. Bondarev, C. Gheorghe","doi":"10.35219/mms.2022.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing environmental pollution is a particularly important issue, intensively studied nationally and internationally, as evidenced by the large number of scientific papers published on this topic. Literature studies show that reducing environmental pollution means not only reducing the amount of air / water / soil pollutants but also finding ways to recover waste from industrial activities that will reduce the problems of environmental pollution due to their storage.The materials resulting from the gasification processes of cellulose waste, as well as the materials obtained with the help of cellulose extracted from cellulose waste, were tested in the adsorption processes of some polluting species and the results demonstrated the efficiency of these materials for reducing the environmental pollution. The use of lignin as an adsorbent for the removal of pollutants (organic dyes or metal ions) from industrial wastewater can be considered a viable alternative, which can be a solution to both the problem of lignin recovery and the reduction of pollutant content in industrial wastewater. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86895554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. L. Shuaib-Babata, H. K. Ibrahim, Yusuf Olanrewaju Busari, R. M. Mahamood, S. O. Abdulraman, I. O. Ambali, B. Abdulqadir, Ishaaq Na’allah Aremu, K. Ajao, S. O. Ejiko
Adsorption Models with the application of corrosion experimental data is a very popular mechanism to predict various inhibitive systems. The effective modelling and interpretation of adsorption isotherms reliably determine the level of accuracy of adsorption processes. This study aims to apply the adsorption models and inhibitive mechanism of Cucumber Peel Extract (CPE) and Cucumber Seed Oil (CSO) to corrosion of AISI 1007 steel grade in the saline medium using both the electrochemical (Tafel Polarisation) and non-electrochemical (Weight Loss) techniques. The chemical composition of AISI 1007 and the phytochemical properties of studied extracts were determined. Consideration was given to Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich Isotherm models (D-RIM) to study the inhibitive properties of CPE and CSO on AISI 1007 steel in an aggressive medium. The result of inhibition efficiency from weight loss measurement showed maximum inhibitions of 94.44 % and 95.44 % with 1.0 g/L concentration of CPE and CSO respectively in sea water medium. The result of the studied extract at 25 ℃ in seawater showed that the corrosion current density of AISI 1007 steel decreased and increased in the inhibition efficiency with 87.33% and 94.67% for CPE and CSO respectively. The negative value of ΔGads was greater than 20 kJ/mol and was obtained as a result of electrostatic interaction between the adsorbed inhibitor molecules and the ions/atoms on the metal surface. The studied inhibitors were confirmed to be mixed organic corrosion inhibitors type. The values of E and maximum surface coverage (θmax) for the two measurements are satisfactorily in acceptable agreement as similar to the range of value obtained for inhibition efficiency.
{"title":"Modelling of Corrosion Inhibition of Cucumber Plant Extracts on AISI 1007 Steel in Seawater","authors":"Y. L. Shuaib-Babata, H. K. Ibrahim, Yusuf Olanrewaju Busari, R. M. Mahamood, S. O. Abdulraman, I. O. Ambali, B. Abdulqadir, Ishaaq Na’allah Aremu, K. Ajao, S. O. Ejiko","doi":"10.35219/mms.2022.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"Adsorption Models with the application of corrosion experimental data is a very popular mechanism to predict various inhibitive systems. The effective modelling and interpretation of adsorption isotherms reliably determine the level of accuracy of adsorption processes. This study aims to apply the adsorption models and inhibitive mechanism of Cucumber Peel Extract (CPE) and Cucumber Seed Oil (CSO) to corrosion of AISI 1007 steel grade in the saline medium using both the electrochemical (Tafel Polarisation) and non-electrochemical (Weight Loss) techniques. The chemical composition of AISI 1007 and the phytochemical properties of studied extracts were determined. Consideration was given to Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich Isotherm models (D-RIM) to study the inhibitive properties of CPE and CSO on AISI 1007 steel in an aggressive medium. The result of inhibition efficiency from weight loss measurement showed maximum inhibitions of 94.44 % and 95.44 % with 1.0 g/L concentration of CPE and CSO respectively in sea water medium. The result of the studied extract at 25 ℃ in seawater showed that the corrosion current density of AISI 1007 steel decreased and increased in the inhibition efficiency with 87.33% and 94.67% for CPE and CSO respectively. The negative value of ΔGads was greater than 20 kJ/mol and was obtained as a result of electrostatic interaction between the adsorbed inhibitor molecules and the ions/atoms on the metal surface. The studied inhibitors were confirmed to be mixed organic corrosion inhibitors type. The values of E and maximum surface coverage (θmax) for the two measurements are satisfactorily in acceptable agreement as similar to the range of value obtained for inhibition efficiency. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83943669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this experimental research is to identify solutions for an optimal cooling of the disks. The aerothermal brake cooling calculation is used to determine how the brake cooling process evolves. The techniques for simulating the dynamics of the CFD fluid allow us to simulate the cooling of the brakes in air current and then to compare the results obtained in the wind tunnel.
{"title":"CFD Modeling of Aerodynamic Car Brake Cooling System","authors":"F. Marin, M. Marin","doi":"10.35219/mms.2021.4.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2021.4.08","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this experimental research is to identify solutions for an optimal cooling of the disks. The aerothermal brake cooling calculation is used to determine how the brake cooling process evolves. The techniques for simulating the dynamics of the CFD fluid allow us to simulate the cooling of the brakes in air current and then to compare the results obtained in the wind tunnel. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85354243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The steering system plays a crucial role in the stability of the automobile, especially in the safety of the passengers and pedestrians. The aim of this work is to design a rack and pinion steering system that could equip a passenger car. In this process, many parameters are considered for the correct and effective directional response behavior of the vehicle. 2D models were sketched to validate the kinematic algorithm calculus used to optimize and refine the dimensions of the components of the steering system. After a satisfactory Ackermann percentage was achieved, steering system is designed and analysed in one of the most used CAD and CAE software in automotive, CATIA.
{"title":"Rack and Pinion Steering System Design for a Passenger Car","authors":"Andrei-Constantin Sofian, B. Jurchiş, M. Popa","doi":"10.35219/mms.2021.4.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2021.4.14","url":null,"abstract":"The steering system plays a crucial role in the stability of the automobile, especially in the safety of the passengers and pedestrians. The aim of this work is to design a rack and pinion steering system that could equip a passenger car. In this process, many parameters are considered for the correct and effective directional response behavior of the vehicle. 2D models were sketched to validate the kinematic algorithm calculus used to optimize and refine the dimensions of the components of the steering system. After a satisfactory Ackermann percentage was achieved, steering system is designed and analysed in one of the most used CAD and CAE software in automotive, CATIA.","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78587063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims at presenting the model of the mass loss of a brass sample in ultrasonic cavitation field in saline water. The experiments done for data collecting was performed in three scenarios. In the first one, the high frequency generator worked at three power levels - 80 W, at the second one - at 120 W, and in the third one - at 180 W. The Model has been built using the series of the mass loss on surface.
{"title":"RBF Model for the Mass Loss of a Brass in Cavitation Field","authors":"A. Bărbulescu, C. Dumitriu","doi":"10.35219/mms.2021.4.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2021.4.03","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims at presenting the model of the mass loss of a brass sample in ultrasonic cavitation field in saline water. The experiments done for data collecting was performed in three scenarios. In the first one, the high frequency generator worked at three power levels - 80 W, at the second one - at 120 W, and in the third one - at 180 W. The Model has been built using the series of the mass loss on surface. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73848644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents an analysis of the soil in an agricultural area, to determine the influence of pesticides on the soil where agricultural production is carried out. For the research of the soil quality, were analysed areas, for harvesting soil samples. On the samples collected were determined, the amount of nitrates and nitrites from the soil, were determination of heavy elements from soil composition, soil pH and it was observed of the impact of pollutants on the soil.
{"title":"Analysis of the Influence of Pesticides on the Soil in an Agricultural Area","authors":"B. Tudor, Bianca Teodora Bucevschi","doi":"10.35219/mms.2021.4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2021.4.11","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an analysis of the soil in an agricultural area, to determine the influence of pesticides on the soil where agricultural production is carried out. For the research of the soil quality, were analysed areas, for harvesting soil samples. On the samples collected were determined, the amount of nitrates and nitrites from the soil, were determination of heavy elements from soil composition, soil pH and it was observed of the impact of pollutants on the soil. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"283 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86609057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this research was to highlight the impact of using different types of fuels on particulate emissions and also on the operation on particulate filters on diesel engines. For all the results obtained from the experimental tests, comparative studies were performed to find the optimal fuel mixture that can be used in order to obtain the optimal performance of the particle filter, without affecting the engine performance. Following the initial tests performed without DPF, the case with the highest smoke emission value (2000 1/min) was identified. For this case, continuous measurement tests were then performed. For this reason, a more detailed analysis was made only for this case.
{"title":"The Impact of Various Fuels on Particulate Emissions for a Compression Ignition Engine Equipped with a Diesel Particulate Filter","authors":"B. Jurchiş","doi":"10.35219/mms.2021.4.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2021.4.09","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to highlight the impact of using different types of fuels on particulate emissions and also on the operation on particulate filters on diesel engines. For all the results obtained from the experimental tests, comparative studies were performed to find the optimal fuel mixture that can be used in order to obtain the optimal performance of the particle filter, without affecting the engine performance. Following the initial tests performed without DPF, the case with the highest smoke emission value (2000 1/min) was identified. For this case, continuous measurement tests were then performed. For this reason, a more detailed analysis was made only for this case. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87501017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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