Ignace De Coninck, Dries Curvers, Natalie Chiaverini, Tom Mortier
{"title":"Investigating the Seed-Growth Method for the Synthesis of Silver Sols with Several Colors","authors":"Ignace De Coninck, Dries Curvers, Natalie Chiaverini, Tom Mortier","doi":"10.1333/S00897182788A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1333/S00897182788A","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22396,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Educator","volume":"13 1","pages":"36-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75472913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Megan Kitson, Heather N. Sheppard, Joanne C. Morris, N. Howarth, A. Kraft
A low-cost, in vitro laboratory experiment has been developed that mimics the absorption of a pharmaceutical drug in the body. It allows undergraduate chemistry students to gain experience in the measurement of drug permeability coefficients, a key indicator used by the pharmaceutical industry to identify the ease of absorption of any new drug candidate. The experiment requires a diffusion cell, coated membrane, peristaltic pump and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The method has been validated by determining the permeability coefficients for a selection of acidic, basic and non-ionizable drugs. Using this assay, it is possible to classify drugs as exhibiting high or low permeability in a fast, facile and reliable manner.
{"title":"A Low-Cost Method for Measuring the Permeability of a Pharmaceutical Drug in a Diffusion Cell","authors":"Megan Kitson, Heather N. Sheppard, Joanne C. Morris, N. Howarth, A. Kraft","doi":"10.1333/S00897142584A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1333/S00897142584A","url":null,"abstract":"A low-cost, in vitro laboratory experiment has been developed that mimics the absorption of a pharmaceutical drug in the body. It allows undergraduate chemistry students to gain experience in the measurement of drug permeability coefficients, a key indicator used by the pharmaceutical industry to identify the ease of absorption of any new drug candidate. The experiment requires a diffusion cell, coated membrane, peristaltic pump and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The method has been validated by determining the permeability coefficients for a selection of acidic, basic and non-ionizable drugs. Using this assay, it is possible to classify drugs as exhibiting high or low permeability in a fast, facile and reliable manner.","PeriodicalId":22396,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Educator","volume":"24 1","pages":"310-313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84921827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Less Cookbook and More Research! Synthetic Efforts Toward JBIR-94 and JBIR-125: a Student-Designed Research Project in a Sophomore Organic Chemistry Lab","authors":"M. A. Christiansen, C. L. Crawford, C. D. Mangum","doi":"10.1007/S00897132528A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/S00897132528A","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22396,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Educator","volume":"39 1 1","pages":"28-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75863277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling chemical kinetics graphically","authors":"A. Heck","doi":"10.1007/S00897122435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/S00897122435","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22396,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Educator","volume":"81 1","pages":"137-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89861233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Getting a Head Start: The Benefits of Starting Undergraduate Research as a Freshman","authors":"Stephen J. Crooke, C. M. McGibony, C. Whitlock","doi":"10.1007/S00897122451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/S00897122451","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22396,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Educator","volume":"44 1","pages":"211-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86663557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Blue Bottle Light Experiments for Demonstrating Basic Kinetics Features of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Photoinduced Redox Reactions","authors":"A. Mills, D. Macphee, K. Lawrie","doi":"10.1333/S00897102267A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1333/S00897102267A","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22396,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Educator","volume":"53 1","pages":"150-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86838991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Isomerization kinetics of potassium diaquobis(oxalato)chromate(III)","authors":"João C. Sotomayor","doi":"10.1007/S00897102329A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/S00897102329A","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22396,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Educator","volume":"112 1","pages":"471-473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75755636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Jigsaw Exercise in the Organic Classroom","authors":"C. Whitlock","doi":"10.1333/S00897092200A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1333/S00897092200A","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22396,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Educator","volume":"58 1","pages":"96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77306673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The power of isotopic substitution for the elucidation of a reaction mechanism is illustrated with reactions named after Hofmann and Favorskii. These reactions have important roles in synthetic chemistry; therefore, a wide range of experiments involving isotopic labeling or kinetic isotope effects were employed to establish their mechanistic pathways. The concepts introduced by these investigations are drawn together with an isotopic labeling study of the oxidation of urea with hypohalites. The two mechanisms proposed for this reaction have been described as a Hofmann rearrangement and a nitrogen analogue of the Favorskii rearrangement.
{"title":"Conversion of urea to hydrazine: Hofmann reaction or Favorskii analogue? Exploring reaction mechanism through isotopic labeling studies","authors":"P. S. Francis, K. Lim","doi":"10.1333/S00897072074A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1333/S00897072074A","url":null,"abstract":"The power of isotopic substitution for the elucidation of a reaction mechanism is illustrated with reactions named after Hofmann and Favorskii. These reactions have important roles in synthetic chemistry; therefore, a wide range of experiments involving isotopic labeling or kinetic isotope effects were employed to establish their mechanistic pathways. The concepts introduced by these investigations are drawn together with an isotopic labeling study of the oxidation of urea with hypohalites. The two mechanisms proposed for this reaction have been described as a Hofmann rearrangement and a nitrogen analogue of the Favorskii rearrangement.","PeriodicalId":22396,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Educator","volume":"150 1","pages":"307-313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86149468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP): Measuring the Chemistry of the Earth’s Atmosphere and Its Applications for the First-Year Chemistry Classroom","authors":"Christopher Lehmann","doi":"10.1333/S00897061065A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1333/S00897061065A","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22396,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Educator","volume":"17 1","pages":"345-347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79932436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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