Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.1.5
V. Marinescu
The present paper aimed to identify the ways in which the members of the Korean diaspora in Romania assessed the Romanian economy and society. The research project used the method of interview applied to a sample of seven Koreans settled in Romania. As the analysis showed, the image of the Romanian economy and society among members of the Korean diaspora in Romania is a balanced one. It contains both positive and negative elements. ‘Respect’ was the main value that was assessed as important to be ‘exported’ from South Korea to Romania. Mass media were recognized as the main ‘vehicles’ for the introduction of South Korean popular culture. The success of Hallyu also had a positive influence on the economic relation between Romania and South Korea.
{"title":"A (not so) distant mirror: Koreans’ opinions about the impact of Korean culture in Romania","authors":"V. Marinescu","doi":"10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper aimed to identify the ways in which the members of the Korean diaspora in Romania assessed the Romanian economy and society. The research project used the method of interview applied to a sample of seven Koreans settled in Romania. As the analysis showed, the image of the Romanian economy and society among members of the Korean diaspora in Romania is a balanced one. It contains both positive and negative elements. ‘Respect’ was the main value that was assessed as important to be ‘exported’ from South Korea to Romania. Mass media were recognized as the main ‘vehicles’ for the introduction of South Korean popular culture. The success of Hallyu also had a positive influence on the economic relation between Romania and South Korea.","PeriodicalId":224235,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brașov Series IV Philology Cultural Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131315988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.1.4
E. Buja
The events that occurred in the Korean peninsula in the past 100 years, such as the conversion of Koreans to Christianity, appealed to many women especially due to the fact that “it advocated human rights, social equality, and other democratic principles” (De Mente 2017, 661), the Japanese colonization of the country (1910-1945), which granted the Korean women the right to institutional education, and the rapid growth of industry starting with the early 1960s, a phenomenon that enabled young girls to work outside their houses as soon as they graduated from high school or college were important factors in the social emancipation of Korean women. This emancipation brought with it a change in the ‘jobs’ or ‘occupations’ women had, from more traditional ones, like jungmae (matchmakers), haenyeo (sea divers), to more modern ones, such as factory workers, university professors, or office employees. The current paper aims to bring to the fore these changes by making use of primary data gathered from various novels authored by Korean and American-Korean, as well as secondary data (Statistics Korea), and to show that these changes are part and parcel of women’s liberation movement. The theoretical framework employed is content analysis (Baker 1994, Cohen et al. 2018), according to which the fragments excerpted from the novels will be categorized in terms of the occupational themes. The findings of the analysis will show that despite the fact that for a long period of time Korean women were enslaved, being confined in their parents’ or in-laws’ homes, their aspirations for better jobs, mainly held by men, were fulfilled only when they achieved a certain degree of social freedom.
在过去的100年里，朝鲜半岛发生的事件，如韩国人皈依基督教，吸引了许多女性，特别是因为“它提倡人权、社会平等和其他民主原则”(De Mente 2017, 661)，日本殖民统治(1910-1945)赋予了朝鲜妇女接受机构教育的权利，以及从20世纪60年代初开始的工业快速增长。年轻女孩一从高中或大学毕业就可以外出工作的现象是韩国妇女社会解放的重要因素。这种解放带来了女性“工作”或“职业”的变化，从更传统的媒人、海女到更现代的工厂工人、大学教授或办公室职员。本次论文的目的是，利用韩裔和美籍韩裔作家的各种小说的第一手资料和二手资料(统计厅)，揭示这些变化是妇女解放运动的重要组成部分。所采用的理论框架是内容分析(Baker 1994, Cohen et al. 2018)，根据内容分析，从小说中摘录的片段将根据职业主题进行分类。分析的结果将表明，尽管朝鲜妇女在很长一段时间内被奴役，被限制在父母或姻亲的家中，但只有当她们获得一定程度的社会自由时，她们对更好的工作(主要由男性担任)的愿望才得以实现。
{"title":"On the changing occupational roles of women in 20th century Korean society","authors":"E. Buja","doi":"10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The events that occurred in the Korean peninsula in the past 100 years, such as the conversion of Koreans to Christianity, appealed to many women especially due to the fact that “it advocated human rights, social equality, and other democratic principles” (De Mente 2017, 661), the Japanese colonization of the country (1910-1945), which granted the Korean women the right to institutional education, and the rapid growth of industry starting with the early 1960s, a phenomenon that enabled young girls to work outside their houses as soon as they graduated from high school or college were important factors in the social emancipation of Korean women. This emancipation brought with it a change in the ‘jobs’ or ‘occupations’ women had, from more traditional ones, like jungmae (matchmakers), haenyeo (sea divers), to more modern ones, such as factory workers, university professors, or office employees. The current paper aims to bring to the fore these changes by making use of primary data gathered from various novels authored by Korean and American-Korean, as well as secondary data (Statistics Korea), and to show that these changes are part and parcel of women’s liberation movement. The theoretical framework employed is content analysis (Baker 1994, Cohen et al. 2018), according to which the fragments excerpted from the novels will be categorized in terms of the occupational themes. The findings of the analysis will show that despite the fact that for a long period of time Korean women were enslaved, being confined in their parents’ or in-laws’ homes, their aspirations for better jobs, mainly held by men, were fulfilled only when they achieved a certain degree of social freedom.","PeriodicalId":224235,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brașov Series IV Philology Cultural Studies","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127466308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.1.1
A. Bîja
When translating Korean literature, we often come across words and phrases that might not have a direct equivalent in the target language. One of the most difficult genres to translate is, in our opinion, the comic, or the manhwa. We try to offer illustrative examples of translation from the source language, which is Korean, into the target language, which is English, with emphasis on translating words and phrases that might pose problems, such as culture-bound words, names of places, and characters. We will also discuss other linguistic phenomena that are common to graphic novels, such as mots expresifs, onomatopoeia, charactonyms, also tackling issues regarding historical references, cultural references, behavior, and customs pertaining to the source, but also a target, social groups. The reason why we are focusing on translating manhwa2 is the fact that it has started to become more and more popular in other cultures/countries. We chose the manhwa called 신과 함께 (Along with the Gods), as it is one of the most popular of its kind, and it is one that intertwines Korean folklore, tradition, history, and mythical creatures with contemporaneity.
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Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.1.7
M. Suciu
Generally, the younger generations tend to rapidly embrace new subcultures and trends, weakening the role of traditions. Such is the case of Korea in the last hundred years, as Koreans have had to adapt to various new influences, and the old traditions were either maintained with great effort or adapted to new situations. The “Korean Wave”, which is not only the promotion of Korean pop music but also of Korean movies and television series, reflects this continuous process by shining a spotlight on both the old traditions and the new trends of Korean society. The survival of the Korean traditions is portrayed in the movie “Seopyeonje” (1993), directed by Im Kwon-taek, which follows two teenagers, who were taught pansori by their stepfather, as they strive to survive as pansori singers in a society where Western songs are more appealing. Conversely, the movie “Love, Lies” (2016), directed by Park Heung-Sik, showcases why the old way of singing will become less appreciated, as the new Korean pop music gains more and more popularity. While the former shows how traditions might be lost, the latter offers a popular solution to the problem of preserving traditions, using Homi Bhabha’s (2004) hybridity theory.
{"title":"Korean movies: from the survival of the old heritage to the modernized tradition","authors":"M. Suciu","doi":"10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Generally, the younger generations tend to rapidly embrace new subcultures and trends, weakening the role of traditions. Such is the case of Korea in the last hundred years, as Koreans have had to adapt to various new influences, and the old traditions were either maintained with great effort or adapted to new situations. The “Korean Wave”, which is not only the promotion of Korean pop music but also of Korean movies and television series, reflects this continuous process by shining a spotlight on both the old traditions and the new trends of Korean society. The survival of the Korean traditions is portrayed in the movie “Seopyeonje” (1993), directed by Im Kwon-taek, which follows two teenagers, who were taught pansori by their stepfather, as they strive to survive as pansori singers in a society where Western songs are more appealing. Conversely, the movie “Love, Lies” (2016), directed by Park Heung-Sik, showcases why the old way of singing will become less appreciated, as the new Korean pop music gains more and more popularity. While the former shows how traditions might be lost, the latter offers a popular solution to the problem of preserving traditions, using Homi Bhabha’s (2004) hybridity theory.","PeriodicalId":224235,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brașov Series IV Philology Cultural Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131947046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.1.6
Virgine Borges de Castilho Sacoman
Due to the self-isolation caused by a coronavirus, K-pop fans have used social media such as Twitter in order to engage, especially, in political, racial, and gender agendas. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the demonstration and the activism of the K-pop fandom during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this regard, we rely on theoretical assumptions which allow us to comprehend the fandom (Hills 2017, Jenkins 2015), conceiving the activism of fandom and, mainly, the cyberactivism (Queiroz 2017), as a form of resistance (Amaral, Souza, and Monteiro 2014), which allows this theme to be allied with the reception studies (Bonin 2018, Fígaro 2000, 2009, 2019, Jacks 2015) and the data fandom (Zhang and Negus 2020). Among the demonstrations performed during the COVID-19 pandemic, we highlight the support of K-poppers to the movement #BlackLivesMatter (Yang 2016) through social media as platforming elements for fan activism. Thus, this paper has made possible a reflection based on bibliographies regarding the reception of K-pop fans about the antiracist mobilizations, as well as their protagonism related to the metrics in favor of cyberactivism.
由于新冠疫情导致的自我隔离，韩国流行乐迷们利用推特等社交媒体参与政治、种族、性别议题。因此，本文旨在研究新冠肺炎大流行期间韩国流行乐迷的示范和行动主义。在这方面，我们依靠理论假设，使我们能够理解粉丝圈(Hills 2017, Jenkins 2015)，将粉丝圈的行动主义，主要是网络行动主义(Queiroz 2017)视为一种抵抗形式(Amaral, Souza, and Monteiro 2014)，这使得这一主题与接受研究(Bonin 2018, Fígaro 2000, 2009, 2019, Jacks 2015)和数据粉丝圈(Zhang and Negus 2020)相结合。在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间进行的示威活动中，我们强调韩国流行歌手通过社交媒体作为粉丝行动的平台元素，支持#黑人的生命也很重要(Yang 2016)运动。因此，本文基于参考书目，对韩国流行音乐粉丝对反种族主义动员的接受情况进行了反思，以及与支持网络行动主义的指标相关的主角主义。
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Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.1.2
D. Kwak
In a short period of time, Korean studies in Eastern Europe have created a great demand for education and have accumulated various research achievements. At this point, more strategic attitudes and efforts are required to find a long-term and stable growth engine of this domain. Just teaching the Korean language and literature well will inevitably face the limits of the development of Korean studies, and without background knowledge of the Korean region, that is, an overall understanding of history and culture, it can be regarded as a superficial education. In this regard, it seems necessary to provide education on North Korean studies that can be said to be a part of Korean studies as a whole, to build more diverse educational content. For example, educational content related to North Korea will contribute to the diversity of Korean studies and will also create new demand for Korean studies education in Romania.
{"title":"Value and utility of North Korean studies in Romania","authors":"D. Kwak","doi":"10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"In a short period of time, Korean studies in Eastern Europe have created a great demand for education and have accumulated various research achievements. At this point, more strategic attitudes and efforts are required to find a long-term and stable growth engine of this domain. Just teaching the Korean language and literature well will inevitably face the limits of the development of Korean studies, and without background knowledge of the Korean region, that is, an overall understanding of history and culture, it can be regarded as a superficial education. In this regard, it seems necessary to provide education on North Korean studies that can be said to be a part of Korean studies as a whole, to build more diverse educational content. For example, educational content related to North Korea will contribute to the diversity of Korean studies and will also create new demand for Korean studies education in Romania.","PeriodicalId":224235,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brașov Series IV Philology Cultural Studies","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124219841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.1.3
V. Lee
This paper looks at the online undergraduate classroom in a South Korean context. Due to the prolonged COVID 19 pandemic, educational institutions around the world have adapted to online learning for course delivery. In addition, recent years have seen an increase in attention to multimodality, and according to Stein (2000), an array of resources including language and other modes, such as gesture, sound, images, textures, and silences should be used when making meaning. Multimodality can play an important part in developing L2 learners’ awareness and sensitivity to language and meaning, for increased effective communication. The current study looks at the undergraduate learner in an online, multimodal classroom context. Students met online through Zoom weekly for their classes and participated in online discussions with the lecturer and their fellow peers. Results indicate L2 learners’ heightened awareness of both linguistic and multimodal aspects developed through the online learning platform. The details of the class and overall design will be outlined in the paper, as will examples and data excerpts. While the current study was based in a South Korean undergraduate classroom, the pedagogical method can be easily applied across different contexts and adapted to suit various classrooms and needs.
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