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NewPerceptual Organization within Temporal Displacement 时间位移中的新知觉组织
M. Sinico
The psychological present has an actual extension. When a sequence of instantaneous stimuli falls in this short interval of time, observers perceive a compresence of events in succession and the temporal order depends on the qualitative relationships between the perceptual properties of the events. Two experiments were carried out to study the influence of perceptual grouping, with and without temporal displacement, on the duration of auditory sequences. The psychophysical method of adjustment was adopted. The first experiment investigated the effect of temporal displacement of a white noise on sequence duration. The second experiment investigated the effect of temporal displacement, along the pitch dimension, on temporal shortening of sequence. The results suggest that the temporal order of sounds, in the case of temporal displacement, is organized along the pitch dimension. Keywords—Time perception, perceptual present, temporal displacement, gestalt laws of perceptual organization.
心理当下具有实际的延伸。当一系列瞬时刺激在短时间间隔内出现时,观察者会感知到连续事件的存在,而时间顺序取决于事件感知特性之间的定性关系。我们进行了两个实验来研究知觉分组在有和没有时间位移的情况下对听觉序列持续时间的影响。采用心理物理调整法。第一个实验研究白噪声的时间位移对序列持续时间的影响。第二个实验研究了沿节距维度的时间位移对序列时间缩短的影响。结果表明,在时间位移的情况下,声音的时间顺序是沿着音高维度组织的。关键词:时间知觉,知觉当下,时间位移,知觉组织的格式塔规律。
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引用次数: 0
Application of De Novo Programming Approach for Optimizing the Business Process 从头开始编程方法在业务流程优化中的应用
Z. Babic, I. Veza, A. Balić, M. Crnjac
The linear programming model is sometimes difficult to apply in real business situations due to its assumption of proportionality. This paper shows an example of how to use De Novo programming approach instead of linear programming. In the De Novo programming, resources are not fixed like in linear programming but resource quantities depend only on available budget. Budget is a new, important element of the De Novo approach. Two different production situations are presented: increasing costs and quantity discounts of raw materials. The focus of this paper is on advantages of the De Novo approach in the optimization of production plan for production company which produces souvenirs made from famous stone from the island of Brac, one of the greatest islands from Croatia.
线性规划模型有时难以应用于实际业务情况,因为它假设了比例性。本文给出了一个如何使用从头规划方法代替线性规划的例子。在De Novo规划中,资源不像线性规划那样是固定的,资源的数量只取决于可用的预算。预算是De Novo方法的一个新的、重要的元素。提出了成本增加和原材料数量折扣两种不同的生产情况。本文的重点是De Novo方法在生产公司生产计划优化中的优势,该公司生产的纪念品来自克罗地亚最大的岛屿之一布拉克岛的著名石头。
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引用次数: 2
The Attitude of Second Year Pharmacy Students towards Lectures, Exams and E-Learning 药学二年级学生对讲座、考试和网络学习的态度
A. Alahmar
There is an increasing trend toward student-centred interactive e-learning methods and students’ feedback is a valuable tool for improving learning methods. The aim of this study was to explore the attitude of second year pharmacy students at the University of Babylon, Iraq, towards lectures, exams and e-learning. Materials and methods: Ninety pharmacy students were surveyed by paper questionnaire about their preference for lecture format, use of e-files, theoretical lectures versus practical experiments, lecture and lab time. Students were also asked about their predilection for Moodle-based online exams, different types of exam questions, exam time and other extra academic activities. Results: Students prefer to read lectures on paper (73.3%), use of PowerPoint file (76.7%), short lectures of less than 10 pages (94.5%), practical experiments (66.7%), lectures and lab time of less than two hours (89.9% and 96.6 respectively) and intra-lecture discussions (68.9%). Students also like to have paper-based exam (73.3%), short essay (40%) or MCQ (34.4%) questions and also prefer to do extra activities like reports (22.2%), seminars (18.6%) and posters (10.8%). Conclusion: Second year pharmacy students have different attitudes toward traditional and electronic leaning and assessment methods. Using multimedia, elearning and Moodle are increasingly preferred methods among some students. Keywords—Pharmacy, students, lecture, exam, e-learning, Moodle.
以学生为中心的交互式电子学习方法越来越多,学生的反馈是改进学习方法的宝贵工具。本研究旨在探讨伊拉克巴比伦大学药学二年级学生对讲座、考试和网络学习的态度。材料与方法:采用纸质问卷对90名药学专业学生进行调查,调查内容包括对授课形式的偏好、电子档案的使用、理论讲座与实践实验、讲座与实验时间等。学生们还被问及他们对基于moodle的在线考试的偏好、不同类型的考试问题、考试时间和其他额外的学术活动。结果:学生喜欢阅读纸质讲座(73.3%)、使用PowerPoint文件(76.7%)、10页以下的短讲座(94.5%)、实践实验(66.7%)、讲座和实验时间小于2小时(89.9%和96.6)以及课内讨论(68.9%)。学生还喜欢纸质考试(73.3%),短文(40%)或MCQ(34.4%)问题,还喜欢做报告(22.2%),研讨会(18.6%)和海报(10.8%)等额外活动。结论:药学二年级学生对传统和电子学习评估方式的态度不同。使用多媒体、电子学习和Moodle越来越受到一些学生的青睐。关键词:药学,学生,讲座,考试,网络学习,Moodle
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引用次数: 2
Adaptive Conjoint Analysis of Professionals’ Job Preferences 专业人员工作偏好的适应性联合分析
Nicoline Scheidegger, A. Mueller
 Abstract — Job preferences are a well-developed research field. Many studies analyze the preferences using simple ratings with a sample of university graduates. The current study analyzes the preferences with a mixed method approach of a qualitative preliminary study and adaptive conjoint-analysis. Preconditions of accepting job offers are clarified for professionals in the industrial sector. It could be shown that, e.g. wages above the average are critical and that career opportunities must be seen broader than merely a focus on formal personnel development programs. The results suggest that, to be effective with their recruitment efforts, employers must take into account key desirable job attributes of their target group.
摘要-工作偏好是一个发达的研究领域。许多研究通过简单的大学毕业生评分来分析他们的偏好。本研究采用定性初步研究与自适应联合分析相结合的混合方法进行偏好分析。为工业部门的专业人员明确了接受工作机会的先决条件。它可以表明,例如,高于平均水平的工资是至关重要的,职业机会必须被视为更广泛的,而不仅仅是关注正式的个人发展计划。结果表明,为了有效地进行招聘工作,雇主必须考虑到目标群体的关键理想工作属性。
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引用次数: 0
Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Profiles among Students’ Representative Council of Malaysian Public Universities 马来西亚公立大学学生代表委员会的情商与领导能力
R. A. Harun, N. Ishak, N. Yusoff, Salleh Amat
This quantitative research is aimed to identify the level of leadership quality and emotional intelligence for members of Students' Representatives Council (SRC) of Malaysian Public Universities (MPU). The variables include the leadership quality and emotional quotient (EQ). 238 SRC members in MPU were selected as subjects of the study. Data were collected using two instruments i.e. Malaysian Emotional Quotient Inventory (MEQI) and Ayu-Noriah Leadership Audit Trail Inventory (Ayu-Noriah, LATI). Data were analyzed using descriptive (mean and percentage). Research findings showed that the subjects scored highly in four out of five EQ domains (Self-Regulations, Self-Motivation, Empathy and Social Skills). However, the subjects scored medium to low in Self-Awareness. Analysis on the sub domains (a total of 28 sub domains) showed that the subjects scored high in 17 sub domains for EQ, whilst another 11 were at medium level. The overall analysis indicates that the subjects have high level of EQ. Findings on their leadership qualities showed that they obtained high scores in all seven factors that were measured i.e. Strategy and Leadership Model, Recruit, Review Performance and Honor, Deploy Strategically, Developing, Engage and Retain and Built HR Capabilities/Line Ownership. The overall score for leadership qualities was found to be high.
本定量研究旨在确定马来西亚公立大学(MPU)学生代表委员会(SRC)成员的领导素质和情商水平。变量包括领导素质和情商。选取238名MPU的SRC成员作为研究对象。数据收集使用两种工具,即马来西亚情商量表(MEQI)和Ayu-Noriah领导力审计跟踪量表(Ayu-Noriah, LATI)。数据采用描述性(平均值和百分比)分析。研究结果显示,受试者在5个情商领域(自我调节、自我激励、同理心和社交技能)中的4个方面得分很高。然而,受试者在自我意识方面得分中低。对28个子领域的分析表明,被试在17个子领域的情商得分较高,而另外11个子领域处于中等水平。整体分析表明,受试者具有较高的情商水平。他们的领导素质的调查结果显示,他们在所有七个因素,即战略和领导模式,招聘,审查绩效和荣誉,战略部署,发展,参与和保留以及建立人力资源能力/线所有权,都获得了高分。人们发现,领导素质的总体得分很高。
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引用次数: 2
An Investigation into the Use of an Atomistic, Hermeneutic, Holistic Approach in Education Relating to the Architectural Design Process 在与建筑设计过程相关的教育中使用原子论、解释学和整体方法的调查
N. Pritchard
Within architectural education, students arrive fore-armed with; their life-experience; knowledge gained from subject-based learning; their brains and more specifically their imaginations. The learning-by-doing that they embark on in studio-based/project-based learning calls for supervision that allows the student to proactively undertake research and experimentation with design solution possibilities. The degree to which this supervision includes direction is subject to debate and differing opinion. It can be argued that if the student is to learn-by-doing, then design decision making within the design process needs to be instigated and owned by the student so that they have the ability to personally reflect on and evaluate those decisions. Within this premise lies the problem that the student's endeavours can become unstructured and unfocused as they work their way into a new and complex activity. A resultant weakness can be that the design activity is compartmented and not holistic or comprehensive, and therefore, the student's reflections are consequently impoverished in terms of providing a positive, informative feedback loop. The construct proffered in this paper is that a supportive 'armature' or 'Heuristic-Framework' can be developed that facilitates a holistic approach and reflective learning. The normal explorations of architectural design comprise: Analysing the site and context, reviewing building precedents, assimilating the briefing information. However, the student can still be compromised by 'not knowing what they need to know'. The long-serving triad 'Firmness, Commodity and Delight' provides a broad-brush framework of considerations to explore and integrate into good design. If this were further atomised in subdivision formed from the disparate aspects of architectural design that need to be considered within the design process, then the student could sieve through the facts more methodically and reflectively in terms of considering their interrelationship conflict and alliances. The words facts and sieve hold the acronym of the aspects that form the Heuristic-Framework: Function, Aesthetics, Context, Tectonics, Spatial, Servicing, Infrastructure, Environmental, Value and Ecological issues. The Heuristic could be used as a Hermeneutic Model with each aspect of design being focused on and considered in abstraction and then considered in its relation to other aspect and the design proposal as a whole. Importantly, the heuristic could be used as a method for gathering information and enhancing the design brief. The more poetic, mysterious, intuitive, unconscious processes should still be able to occur for the student. The Heuristic-Framework should not be seen as comprehensive prescriptive formulaic or inhibiting to the wide exploration of possibilities and solutions within the architectural design process.
在建筑教育中,学生们提前准备好了;他们的生活经验;从学科学习中获得的知识;他们的大脑,更具体地说,他们的想象力。他们在基于工作室/基于项目的学习中开始的边做边学要求监督,允许学生主动进行研究和实验,以设计解决方案的可能性。这种监督包括指导的程度受到争论和不同意见的影响。可以说,如果学生是边做边学,那么设计过程中的设计决策就需要由学生主导和拥有,这样他们就有能力亲自反思和评估这些决策。在这个前提下存在的问题是,当学生们进入一个新的、复杂的活动时,他们的努力可能会变得没有条理、没有重点。由此产生的弱点可能是设计活动是分开的,而不是整体的或全面的,因此,学生的反思在提供积极的信息反馈循环方面是贫乏的。本文提供的结构是可以开发一个支持性的“电枢”或“启发式框架”,以促进整体方法和反思性学习。建筑设计的常规探索包括:分析场地和文脉,回顾建筑先例,吸收简要信息。然而,学生仍然可能因为“不知道他们需要知道什么”而妥协。长期存在的“坚固,商品和乐趣”提供了一个广泛的考虑框架,以探索和整合到好的设计中。如果在设计过程中需要考虑的建筑设计的不同方面形成的细分中进一步原子化,那么学生就可以更有系统地筛选事实,并考虑到它们之间的相互关系冲突和联盟。事实和筛子这两个词是构成启发式框架的各个方面的缩写:功能、美学、语境、构造、空间、服务、基础设施、环境、价值和生态问题。启发式可以作为一种解释学模型,以抽象的方式关注和考虑设计的每个方面,然后将其与其他方面和设计方案的关系作为一个整体来考虑。重要的是,启发式可以用作收集信息和增强设计概要的方法。更诗意的、神秘的、直觉的、无意识的过程应该仍然能够发生在学生身上。启发式框架不应被视为全面的规定性、公式化或抑制建筑设计过程中对可能性和解决方案的广泛探索。
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引用次数: 0
Learning Outcomes Alignment across Engineering Core Courses 跨工程核心课程的学习成果一致性
Ali Bouabid, B. Bielenberg, S. Ainane, N. Pasha
In this paper, a team of faculty members of the Petroleum Institute in Abu Dhabi, UAE representing six different courses across General Engineering (ENGR), Communication (COMM), and Design (STPS) worked together to establish a clear developmental progression of learning outcomes and performance indicators for targeted knowledge, areas of competency, and skills for the first three semesters of the Bachelor of Sciences in Engineering curriculum. The sequences of courses studied in this project were ENGR/COMM, COMM/STPS, and ENGR/STPS. For each course’s nine areas of knowledge, competency, and skills, the research team reviewed the existing learning outcomes and related performance indicators with a focus on identifying linkages across disciplines as well as within the courses of a discipline. The team reviewed existing performance indicators for developmental progression from semester to semester for same discipline related courses (vertical alignment) and for different discipline courses within the same semester (horizontal alignment). The results of this work have led to recommendations for modifications of the initial indicators when incoherence was identified, and/or for new indicators based on best practices (identified through literature searches) when gaps were identified. It also led to recommendations for modifications of the level of emphasis within each course to ensure developmental progression. The exercise has led to a revised Sequence Performance Indicator Mapping for the knowledge, skills, and competencies across the six core courses.
在本文中,阿联酋阿布扎比石油学院的一组教师代表了通用工程(ENGR)、通信(COMM)和设计(STPS)六门不同的课程,他们共同努力,为工程学士学位课程的前三个学期的目标知识、能力领域和技能建立了明确的学习成果发展进程和绩效指标。本项目学习的课程顺序为ENGR/COMM、COMM/STPS、ENGR/STPS。对于每门课程的九个知识、能力和技能领域,研究小组审查了现有的学习成果和相关绩效指标,重点是确定学科之间以及学科课程内部的联系。该团队回顾了同一学科相关课程(纵向排列)和同一学期不同学科课程(横向排列)的现有学期发展进展绩效指标。这项工作的结果导致了在发现不一致性时修改初始指标和/或在发现差距时根据最佳做法(通过文献检索确定)提出新指标的建议。它还导致建议修改每门课程的重点程度,以确保发展进步。通过这一实践,对六门核心课程的知识、技能和能力进行了修订后的序列绩效指标图。
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引用次数: 0
The Political Biographies of Social Workers: A Qualitative Study of the Political Lives of Social Workers 社会工作者的政治传记:社会工作者政治生活的定性研究
H. Gwilym
This paper will explore the political biographies of social workers in a neoliberal era. The findings are based on a research project for a successfully completed professional doctorate in social work. The methodology deployed for the research is a combination of constructivist grounded theory and biographical inquiry. The paper will present findings from 14 biographical interviews and will focus on one case study of a participant whose life story is richly informed by political social work. The 14 participants reflect different genders, ethnic identities, cultural and linguistic identities, age and length of social work careers. The participants also reflect different forms of political engagement, such as, as political activists and members of political parties, including parliamentarians. The findings demonstrate how deeply ingrained the social work identity is amongst the participants and how their political identity has remained strongly social democratic in nature despite the many changes in the social work profession since the rise of neoliberalism as a thought collective and policy package. The individual case study will explore the early roots of political identity in the childhood and nurturing years and the interface with subsequent social work and political careers. It will also explore the evolution of the participant’s political identity in the social work career. The case study will also present findings on how the participant has contributed to the political field with policy involvement and initiatives. The presentation will conclude with a discussion on how this particular group of social workers can best contribute to the future direction of the social work profession. Keywords—Political social work, political biographies, neoliberal, grounded theory.
本文将探讨新自由主义时代社会工作者的政治传记。这一发现是基于一个成功完成社会工作专业博士学位的研究项目。本研究采用建构主义理论和传记调查相结合的方法。本文将介绍14个传记访谈的结果,并将重点放在一个参与者的案例研究上,他的生活故事被政治社会工作丰富地告知。这14名参与者反映了不同的性别、种族身份、文化和语言身份、年龄和社会工作生涯的长短。参与者还反映了不同形式的政治参与,例如,作为政治活动家和政党成员,包括议员。研究结果表明,社会工作身份在参与者中是多么根深蒂固,尽管自新自由主义作为一种思想集体和政策组合兴起以来,社会工作行业发生了许多变化,但他们的政治身份在本质上仍然保持着强烈的社会民主主义。个案研究将探讨政治认同在童年和成长时期的早期根源,以及与随后的社会工作和政治生涯的联系。本课程亦会探讨参与者在社会工作生涯中政治认同的演变。案例研究还将提出关于参与者如何通过政策参与和倡议为政治领域作出贡献的调查结果。演讲的最后将讨论这一特殊的社会工作者群体如何为社会工作专业的未来方向做出最好的贡献。关键词:政治社会工作,政治传记,新自由主义,扎根理论。
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引用次数: 0
Measuring E-Learning Effectiveness Using a Three-Way Comparison 使用三方比较来衡量电子学习的有效性
M. Montebello
The way e-learning effectiveness has been notoriously measured within an academic setting is by comparing the e-learning medium to the traditional face-to-face teaching methodology. In this paper, a simple yet innovative comparison methodology is introduced, whereby the effectiveness of next generation e-learning systems are assessed in contrast not only to the face-to-face mode, but also to the classical e-learning modality. Ethical and logistical issues are also discussed, as this three-way approach to compare teaching methodologies was applied and documented in a real empirical study within a higher education institution. Keywords—E-learning effectiveness, higher education, teaching modality comparison.
众所周知,在学术环境中衡量电子学习效果的方法是将电子学习媒介与传统的面对面教学方法进行比较。本文介绍了一种简单而创新的比较方法,通过这种方法,下一代电子学习系统的有效性不仅与面对面模式进行对比,而且与传统的电子学习模式进行对比。伦理和后勤问题也进行了讨论,因为这种比较教学方法的三方方法在高等教育机构的实际实证研究中得到了应用和记录。关键词:网络学习效果高等教育教学模式比较
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引用次数: 3
iPAD as a Communication Tool for Disabled Seniors: A Case Study iPAD作为残疾老年人的交流工具:一个案例研究
Vojtech Gybas, Libor Klubal, K. Kostolányová
This case study responds to the current trends in ICT. Mobile Touch iPads can provide very good assistance to disabled seniors. The intuitive tablet environment, the possibility of the formation environment and its portability, has a very positive effect on the use of particular communication. For comparison, using a conventional PC/notebook, word processor, keyboard and computer mouse compared to the iPad and selected applications. The results of this case study show that the use of mobile touch devices iPad for seniors with mental retardation is a great benefit. These devices do not require high demands on graphomotorics like a standard PC devices.
本案例研究反映了信息和通信技术的当前趋势。移动触摸ipad可以为残疾老年人提供很好的帮助。平板电脑环境的直观性、形成环境的可能性及其便携性,对特定通信的使用具有非常积极的作用。为了比较,使用传统的个人电脑/笔记本,文字处理器,键盘和电脑鼠标与iPad和选定的应用程序进行比较。本案例研究的结果表明,使用移动触摸设备iPad对智力迟钝的老年人是一个很大的好处。这些设备不像标准PC设备那样对图形学要求很高。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic, Business and Industrial Engineering
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