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Does the Dependence of Brand Voice on AI Restrict Freedom of Expression in Social Media? 品牌声音对人工智能的依赖是否限制了社交媒体的言论自由?
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.37804/1691-6077-2023-14-155-165
Sati Siroda, Jūlija Surikova
Abstract With the advent of social media and a unique brand voice, brand communications frequently employ artificial intelligence (AI) to facilitate timely interactions across the many channels of communication, and often integrate communications. This research seeks to investigate the influence of an AI-regulated brand voice on the freedom of expression (FOE) when communicating on social media. A qualitative research design is implemented based on content analysis. The research gap was identified by reviewing the role of brand voice using AI, the application of AI to monitor freedom of expression, and the study of integrating FOE in brand voice generation using AI. Various case studies were used to conclude that AI-regulated brand voice has a substantial impact on the freedom of expression on social media, which is frequently governed by privacy rules. This study establishes that a brand’s communication in its social media portfolio is governed by national and international laws that regulate freedom of expression and thus have legal implications. This study suggests that AI must be fed information to prevent content such as hate speech, bullying, and so on, and produce a brand voice with checkpoints for human validation and verification to maintain general societal decorum.
摘要 随着社交媒体和独特品牌声音的出现,品牌传播经常使用人工智能(AI)来促进多种传播渠道之间的及时互动,并经常整合传播。本研究旨在探讨在社交媒体上进行传播时,人工智能规范的品牌声音对表达自由(FOE)的影响。本研究采用基于内容分析的定性研究设计。通过回顾使用人工智能的品牌声音的作用、人工智能在监控表达自由方面的应用以及使用人工智能在品牌声音生成中整合表达自由的研究,确定了研究缺口。通过各种案例研究得出结论,人工智能监管的品牌声音对社交媒体上的表达自由有很大影响,而社交媒体上的表达自由经常受到隐私规则的约束。本研究证实,品牌在其社交媒体组合中的传播受国内和国际法律的制约,这些法律规范了表达自由,因此具有法律意义。本研究建议,必须向人工智能提供信息,以防止仇恨言论、欺凌等内容的出现,并通过人工验证和核实的检查点发出品牌声音,以维护社会的一般礼仪。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge of Risk and Crisis Management for Managers of Companies and Organizations 公司和组织管理人员的风险和危机管理知识
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.37804/1691-6077-2023-14-166-171
Uģis Začs
Abstract In today’s conditions of globalization and digitalization, in the conditions of rapid change, it is important to be flexible and adapt to new challenges. In order, for companies and organizations to be able to successfully manage crises, it is important that people who take leading positions in organizations and companies, have an understanding of risk and crisis management. Some of the current students will later take leading positions in various organizations and companies. Propose of the paper is to find out trends, how safe students feel in Europe, as well as how important they think understanding crisis management is, as well as whether they have studied subjects related to risk management and crisis management during their studies. The main finding is that insufficient attention has been paid to risk management and crisis management, subjects, people don’t realize the devastating effect of the crisis, as well as the fact that the crisis is not only a threat but also an opportunity.
摘要 在当今全球化和数字化的条件下,在快速变化的条件下,必须灵活适应新的挑战。为了使公司和组织能够成功地管理危机,在组织和公司中担任领导职务的人必须了解风险和危机管理。一些在校学生日后将在各种组织和公司中担任领导职务。本文旨在了解欧洲学生的安全感趋势、他们认为了解危机管理的重要性以及他们在学习期间是否学习过与风险管理和危机管理相关的课程。主要发现是,人们对风险管理和危机管理的关注不够,人们没有意识到危机的破坏性影响,也没有意识到危机不仅是威胁,也是机遇。
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引用次数: 0
Heating Facilities Temperature Control System in Turiba University 图里巴大学供暖设施温度控制系统
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.37804/1691-6077-2023-14-123-128
D. Mamchur, A. Kolodinskis
Abstract The paper presents results on design and implementation the monitoring system to control temperature of heating facilities in Turiba university. Key point of the project was implementation the internet of things ideas into proposed system. A design and prototyping of hardware circuits, including used sensors and hardware control and communication boards based on Raspberry PI Pico platform, is described. Developed software solution for the control board, implemented with the use of MicroPython programming language, and user interface with the use of JavaScript programming language, are presented. Results of experimental verification of developed solutions confirmed correctness of all anticipated results. Developed platform could be used for further investigation on microclimate control systems for buildings.
摘要 本文介绍了图里巴大学供热设施温度控制监控系统的设计和实施成果。该项目的重点是将物联网理念应用到拟议的系统中。论文介绍了硬件电路的设计和原型制作,包括使用的传感器和基于树莓派 Pico 平台的硬件控制和通信板。介绍了使用 MicroPython 编程语言为控制板开发的软件解决方案,以及使用 JavaScript 编程语言开发的用户界面。对所开发解决方案的实验验证结果证实了所有预期结果的正确性。开发的平台可用于进一步研究建筑物的微气候控制系统。
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引用次数: 0
Identification and Evaluation of Human Factors Affecting the Operational Performance of Innovation Hubs 识别和评估影响创新枢纽运行绩效的人为因素
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.37804/1691-6077-2023-14-1-15
Anandhu Vijayakumar, Jelena Davidova
Abstract The research has been carried out to identify and evaluate the human factors affecting the operational performance of innovation hubs. The authors conduct a systematic review of relevant literatures and identify certain factors that found to affect the operating performance of Innovation hubs. Through a quantitative research methodology, such as a structured questionnaire, the authors gathered responses from HR experts in the form of an online survey. The survey responses were analyzed with the help of factor analysis, which helped the authors gather 2 components out of 14 survey variables. With the help of factor analysis, the authors developed a model for enhancing the operational performance of innovation hubs. The model can act as a template for further research in the field. Companies can utilize this model for enhancing the operational performances of their innovation hubs.
摘要 本研究旨在识别和评估影响创新中心运营绩效的人为因素。作者对相关文献进行了系统回顾,并确定了影响创新中心运营绩效的某些因素。通过结构化问卷等定量研究方法,作者以在线调查的形式收集了人力资源专家的回复。在因子分析的帮助下,作者对调查回复进行了分析,从 14 个调查变量中收集到了 2 个组成部分。在因子分析的帮助下,作者建立了一个提高创新中心运营绩效的模型。该模型可作为该领域进一步研究的模板。企业可以利用这一模型来提高创新中心的运营绩效。
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引用次数: 0
Parody as a Fair Use of Freedom of Speech 戏仿是对言论自由的合理利用
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.37804/1691-6077-2023-14-186-196
Liene Vindele, R. Cane
Abstract The right to criticize or parody has always been a fundamental human right. In today’s world of technology and the Internet, parodies or caricatures of someone’s work are not uncommon. Technology has become so readily available that anyone can create a parody or caricature of another person’s work. The main task of the nowadays researchers is find balance between one person’s right to the inviolability of his property and the right of other persons to imitate it. The aim of this article is to analyze the concept of parody and caricature, as well as the case law of different countries – exploring how case law assesses whether an imitated work can be defined as a parody, or whether it is an “unsuccessful” imitation. Where is the line where an author has created a parody or has already infringed the rights of another author? The methodological basis of this article is based on general scientific approaches (analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, comparison, analogy and a systemic and structural-functional approach). The article also draws on court decisions, legislation, legal literature, publications and doctrine. Conclusions are drawn using the method of scientific induction and deduction.
摘要 批评或模仿的权利一直是一项基本人权。在当今科技和互联网发达的世界,模仿或讽刺他人作品的现象并不少见。技术已经变得如此便捷,以至于任何人都可以模仿或讽刺他人的作品。当今研究人员的主要任务是在一个人的财产不可侵犯权和其他人的模仿权之间找到平衡。本文旨在分析戏仿和漫画的概念以及不同国家的判例法--探讨判例法如何评估被模仿作品是否可以被定义为戏仿,或者是否属于 "不成功的 "模仿。作者创作了模仿作品或已经侵犯了另一作者的权利,界限在哪里?本文的方法论基础是一般科学方法(分析与综合、演绎与归纳、比较、类比以及系统和结构功能方法)。文章还参考了法院判决、立法、法律文献、出版物和学说。文章采用科学归纳和演绎的方法得出结论。
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引用次数: 0
Legal Act for Recognising the Interest of the Group 承认集团利益的法律行为
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.37804/1691-6077-2023-14-112-122
Gvido Lošaks
Abstract There is legal fragmentation in Member States practices of recognition the interests of the group and at the EU level is needed enabling law. This research paper will look at the recognition of the interest of the group at the EU level. It will question which legal act should recognise the interest of the group at the EU level. The methodology used will be that of legal doctrinal and comparative research, legal theory method and reform agenda research. The research paper will conclude that a legal act for recognising the interest of the group at the EU level should be a Regulation.
摘要 成员国在承认团体利益方面的做法存在法律上的不统一,而在欧盟层面则需要授权法。本研究论文将探讨在欧盟层面承认群体利益的问题。它将质疑在欧盟层面应承认群体利益的法律行为。本文将采用法律理论和比较研究、法律理论方法和改革议程研究等方法。研究论文将得出结论:在欧盟层面承认群体利益的法律行为应是一项法规。
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引用次数: 0
Article XX of the Gatt 1994 and WTO Members: Sufficient Freedom to Define And Pursue Environmental Policy Objectives 1994年关贸总协定第20条和世贸组织成员:确定和追求环境政策目标的充分自由
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.32523/2616-6844-2022-138-1-38-46
Z. Ibragimov
Abstract Providing free trade conditions to all WTO Members, the GATT 1994 includes general exceptions to Article XX, which allows members to adopt trade and legislative restrictions and measures to promote values and interests and the protection of the environment. Driven by the aim of protecting the environment, various countries have been adopting a considerable number of measures to protect the environment and all human, animal and plant life and health under their jurisdiction. However, such restrictions are likely to influence the free trade regime through a clash of interests and relationships between WTO Members, which are challenged through WTO dispute settlement mechanisms. Although the WTO provides exceptions under Article XX of its free trade conditions to protect the environment via the national environmental measures of WTO Members, the justifications for such measures are challenged in meeting the requirements of Article XX.
GATT 1994向所有WTO成员提供自由贸易条件,并对第20条规定了一般例外,允许成员采取贸易和立法限制和措施,以促进价值和利益以及保护环境。在保护环境目标的推动下,各国采取了大量措施,以保护环境以及在其管辖范围内的所有人类、动物和植物的生命和健康。然而,这种限制可能会通过世贸组织成员之间的利益冲突和关系来影响自由贸易制度,而这些冲突和关系会受到世贸组织争端解决机制的挑战。尽管WTO在其自由贸易条件第20条下规定了例外情况,以通过WTO成员的国家环境措施来保护环境,但这些措施的理由在满足第20条的要求时受到挑战。
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引用次数: 0
The Challenges of the Digital Age: The Problems of Criminal Liability for Cybercrimes in Lithuanian Law 数字时代的挑战:立陶宛法律中网络犯罪的刑事责任问题
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.37804/1691-6077-2022-13-124-138
Giedrius Nemeikšis
Abstract The spread of digital technology and the convergence of computer and communication devices have changed the way people communicate, do important jobs, and so on. However, this digital age has also opened up a wide range of possibilities of using computer technology for criminal purposes. Therefore, the purpose of this research paper is to specify the main problems of legal regulation and case law of criminal liability for cybercrimes in Lithuanian law. So, the analysis was based on three main questions: the difficulties in legal regulation of cybercrimes in Lithuanian criminal law; the problematic relation between cybercrimes and other related crimes as well as the problems of applying some composition features of cybercrimes in Lithuanian case law. The research was carried out by employing the logical, the systematic, the linguistic, the historical, the comparative and the synthesizing research methods as well as the analysis of legal documents. The analysis shows that the legal regulation of criminal liability for cybercrimes in Lithuanian law has considerable problematics compared to international standards, as well as some composition features of cybercrimes are inappropriate for their application in practice and there many problems with ratio between this kind of crimes and similar crimes in Lithuanian case law.
数字技术的普及和计算机与通信设备的融合改变了人们的沟通方式、重要工作方式等。然而,这个数字时代也为利用计算机技术进行犯罪提供了广泛的可能性。因此,本文的研究目的是明确立陶宛法律中网络犯罪刑事责任的法律规制和判例法的主要问题。因此,分析基于三个主要问题:立陶宛刑法对网络犯罪的法律规制困难;网络犯罪与其他相关犯罪的关系问题以及立陶宛判例法中网络犯罪的一些构成特征适用问题。本文采用逻辑研究法、系统研究法、语言研究法、历史研究法、比较研究法和综合研究法以及法律文献分析法进行研究。分析表明,立陶宛法律对网络犯罪刑事责任的法律规定与国际标准相比存在较大的问题,网络犯罪的一些构成特征不适合在实践中适用,立陶宛判例法中此类犯罪与同类犯罪的比例问题较多。
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引用次数: 1
Information and Communication Technologies Laboratory of Turiba University 图里巴大学信息与通信技术实验室
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.37804/1691-6077-2022-13-76-89
D. Mamchur, A. Kolodinskis
Abstract The paper presents results on establishment and development of Information and Communication Technologies Laboratory at Turiba University. The aim of the laboratory is to provide IT department students the possibility to study and gain practical skills on the development and operation of digitally controlled devices which is currently one of the mainstream technologies in modern society. The paper provides an analysis of typical tasks which are in demand while developing digitally controlled devices, and describes laboratory equipment targeted to meet necessary requirements. The main aims of the laboratory establishment as well as the equipment used and skills which could be acquired with the use of this equipment are described. The students’ projects implemented with the use of laboratory equipment in the Spring semester of 2022 are also described in this paper. All the equipment developed along with other laboratory facility are practically used to improve both knowledge and practical skills of the IT department students, which can help them to be more competitive at the labour market after graduation.
摘要:本文介绍了图里巴大学信息与通信技术实验室的建立和发展情况。该实验室的目的是为IT系学生提供学习和获得开发和操作数字控制设备的实践技能的可能性,数字控制设备是当今社会的主流技术之一。本文分析了开发数字控制设备的典型任务,并描述了有针对性地满足必要要求的实验室设备。描述了实验室建立的主要目的以及使用的设备和使用这些设备可以获得的技能。本文还介绍了学生在2022年春季学期使用实验室设备实施的项目。所有与其他实验室设施一起开发的设备都被实际使用,以提高IT系学生的知识和实践技能,帮助他们毕业后在劳动力市场上更具竞争力。
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引用次数: 0
Fragmented and Yet Influential: MPs’ Perceptions on the Media in Latvia 支离破碎但有影响力:拉脱维亚国会议员对媒体的看法
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.37804/1691-6077-2022-13-139-157
Lāsma Šķestere
Abstract More than 30 years have passed since Latvia gained its independence, however, systematic studies of present‐day relationship between media and politics are still missing. Latvia is a country where choice of media is largely determined by ethnicity. Representatives from ethnic groups acquire their daily information from different news sources, as the result the trust levels in media depend on the media format and the language of choice. This study adds to the literature by studying the perceptions of Latvian Members of Parliament on media agenda‐setting power. Drawing on surveys of Latvian parliamentarians, the agenda‐setting power of media is assessed and compared to the survey results in Finland. The results reveal that politicians in Latvia and in Finland think that, in general, media have a massive influence on politics, but the power of written press in Latvia is less evident. And although MPs acknowledge that media can have a significant influence on how decisions are made, the greatest impact will be observed during political debates that can be covered by the media. This study also demonstrates that even though Latvia scores high in the world press freedom ranks, MPs do not trust the media to a large extent and that can be a dangerous signal for the functioning of democracy. The results offer valuable information about the influence of media in countries outside Western Europe and provide a basis for further discussions on surveys as a method for studying the power of media agenda‐setting.
拉脱维亚独立30多年过去了,然而,对当今媒体与政治关系的系统研究仍然缺失。拉脱维亚是一个媒体选择主要由种族决定的国家。各民族的代表从不同的新闻来源获取日常信息,因此对媒体的信任程度取决于媒体形式和选择的语言。本研究通过研究拉脱维亚国会议员对媒体议程设定权力的看法,对文献进行了补充。根据拉脱维亚国会议员的调查,评估媒体设定议程的权力,并与芬兰的调查结果进行比较。调查结果显示,拉脱维亚与芬兰的政治人物认为,一般而言,媒体对政治有巨大的影响力,但拉脱维亚书面媒体的影响力则不那么明显。虽然议员们承认媒体可以对决策产生重大影响,但最大的影响将是在媒体可以报道的政治辩论中观察到的。这项研究还表明,尽管拉脱维亚在世界新闻自由排名中得分很高,但国会议员在很大程度上不信任媒体,这可能是民主运作的危险信号。研究结果提供了有关西欧以外国家媒体影响力的宝贵信息,并为进一步讨论将调查作为研究媒体议程设置力量的方法提供了基础。
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引用次数: 0
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Acta Prosperitatis
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