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ISIE '99. Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (Cat. No.99TH8465)最新文献

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Radon-Hermite analysis applied to image coding 氡-埃尔米特分析在图像编码中的应用
J.L. Sivan-C, M.P. Angeles-Meza, B. Escalante-Ramfrez
In this paper it is shown how local differential structures in images can be described and coded efficiently by means of the analysis of local projections. Such analysis involves a 1-D Hermite transform of all local Radon projections, where localization is achieved by applying a Gaussian window to the image. Since the Gaussian window is isotropic, the 1-D analysis can be based on the 2-D cartesian Hermite transform. For the case of oriented patterns such as edges and lines, the image is suitably described with a unique projection giving the maximum directional energy. We show that the inverse Radon transform is not required in the synthesis process, since only the information along one direction is preserved. A more specific representation is introduced in an edge model whose parameters are determined in terms of the Hermitian coefficients up to second order. Experimental results are also included.
本文通过对图像局部投影的分析,说明了如何有效地描述和编码图像中的局部差分结构。这种分析涉及所有局部Radon投影的一维埃尔米特变换,其中通过对图像应用高斯窗口实现定位。由于高斯窗口是各向同性的,因此一维分析可以基于二维笛卡尔埃尔米特变换。对于定向图案,如边缘和线条的情况下,图像被适当地描述为具有最大定向能量的唯一投影。我们证明了在合成过程中不需要逆Radon变换,因为只保留了沿一个方向的信息。在边缘模型中引入了一种更具体的表示,其参数是根据二阶厄米系数确定的。实验结果也包括在内。
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引用次数: 9
Synthetic aperture-based reconstruction of intravascular ultrasound images in the time domain and frequency domain 基于合成孔径的血管内超声图像时域和频域重构
K. Schroeder, C. Haas, M. Krüger, Helmut Ermert, T. Rastello, Didier Vray, Gérard Gimenez
Intravascular ultrasound images are limited by a poor lateral resolution and elevated grating lobes. In this paper, two reconstruction algorithms are presented which succeed in improving the lateral resolution and reducing the grating lobes by means of the synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT). For the time domain reconstruction, appropriately time-delayed and weighted signals are summed up. The frequency domain reconstruction is based on the similarity of the recorded signals with chirp signals. The reconstruction results experimentally confirm that the frequency domain reconstruction creates a better lateral resolution and requires less computation time. However, the time domain reconstruction produces lower grating lobes and hence results in a better overall image quality.
血管内超声图像受到横向分辨率差和光栅瓣升高的限制。本文提出了两种利用合成孔径聚焦技术(SAFT)提高横向分辨率和减小光栅瓣的重建算法。在时域重构中,适当地对延时信号和加权信号进行求和。频域重构基于记录信号与啁啾信号的相似度。实验结果表明,频域重构具有较好的横向分辨率和较短的计算时间。然而,时域重建产生较低的光栅瓣,从而获得更好的整体图像质量。
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引用次数: 1
Sensibility study of the control loops of voltage and current mode controlled DC-DC converters by means of robust parametric control theory 基于鲁棒参数控制理论的电压电流模控DC-DC变换器控制回路敏感性研究
Gabriel Garcerh, Pablo Carbonell, Antonio Abell
Robust parametric control theory is a powerful tool for the research of the robustness of linear control systems against simultaneous changes in the parameters that define the plant and controller transfer functions. The purpose of this paper is to show how those techniques can be applied to the sensibility study of voltage mode and current node controlled DC-DC converters with respect to simultaneous variations (or tolerances) of all the parameters of the power stage: line voltage, load and passive elements of the power stage (I, C, R/sub c/...). After obtaining the small-signal linear model of the voltage or current mode controlled power stage, it is possible to represent the power stage transfer function as a linear interval plant, and to predict, once a regulator has been designed, the worst case bandwidth and stability margins of the converter control loop with all values of the power stage components varying simultaneously inside known and closed intervals, i.e., with any combination of those values. In fact, envelopes of the open and closed loop dynamic performance of the system can be obtained, in form of Bode and Nyquist plots envelopes. In this work, the robust parametric study of a buck converter under voltage and current mode (current injected control or CIC) control is shown, with the theoretical Bode and Nyquist envelopes obtained with MATLAB/sup TM/ software.
鲁棒参数控制理论是研究线性控制系统对定义对象和控制器传递函数的参数同时变化的鲁棒性的有力工具。本文的目的是展示如何将这些技术应用于电压模式和电流节点控制的DC-DC转换器对功率级所有参数的同时变化(或公差)的敏感性研究:线路电压,负载和功率级的无源元件(I, C, R/sub C /…)。在获得电压或电流模式控制的功率级的小信号线性模型后,可以将功率级传递函数表示为线性区间植物,并且一旦设计了调节器,就可以预测变换器控制回路的最坏情况带宽和稳定裕度,功率级组件的所有值在已知和封闭区间内同时变化,即这些值的任何组合。实际上,系统开闭环动态性能的包络可以用Bode和Nyquist图包络的形式求得。本文利用MATLAB/sup TM/软件得到的理论波德包络和奈奎斯特包络,对电压和电流模式(电流注入控制或CIC)下的降压变换器进行了鲁棒参数化研究。
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引用次数: 7
A new integral variable structure regulation controller for robot manipulators with accurately predetermined output 一种新的具有精确预定输出的机器人整体变结构调节控制器
Jung-Hoon Lee, M. Youn
In this paper, a new prescribed variable structure regulation controller is designed for highly nonlinear robot manipulators using an integral sliding surface and disturbance observer. With the sliding mode control algorithm, it is possible to guarantee the predetermined output within the prescribed accuracy based on the integral sliding surface especially for removing the reaching phase and the disturbance observer for efficient compensation. In regulation, the desired transient and steady state output is prescribed by means of the sliding dynamics, and the real output with the prescribed accuracy is controlled by the continuous input based on the sliding mode control with the disturbance observer, which are investigated through the two theorems together with the closed loop stability of the algorithm. The usefulness of the algorithm has been demonstrated by simulations about regulation controls of a two-link robot under parameter and payload uncertainties.
针对高度非线性机器人,采用积分滑动面和扰动观测器设计了一种新的规定变结构调节控制器。采用滑模控制算法,可以根据积分滑动面保证在规定精度范围内的预定输出,特别是可以去除到达相位和干扰观测器进行有效补偿。在调节中,通过滑动动力学来规定期望的暂态和稳态输出,并通过基于扰动观测器的滑模控制的连续输入来控制具有规定精度的实际输出,通过两个定理和算法的闭环稳定性进行了研究。通过参数和载荷不确定情况下的双连杆机器人调节控制仿真,验证了该算法的有效性。
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引用次数: 11
Robust average current mode control of DC-DC PWM converters based on a three controller scheme 基于三控制器方案的DC-DC PWM变换器鲁棒平均电流模式控制
G. Garcerá, M. Pascual, E. Figueres
The purpose of this paper is to present a drastic improvement in the conventional ACC (average current mode control) of switching DC-DC power converters, consisting of the addition of an auxiliary controller in the control loop, besides the current and voltage regulators. The model-based auxiliary controller preserves the closed loop small-signal bandwidth (including loop gain crossover frequency and stability margins) of buck derived converters over a large range of variation of the power stage passive elements, the load and the line voltage. Moreover, this control scheme shows much better perturbation rejection properties (closed loop impedance and audiosusceptibility) than conventional ACC. From a control theory point of view, robust performance is achieved preserving stability. A 5 V-5 A, 50 kHz buck prototype operating from an input voltage ranging from 30 V to 15 V has been experimentally tested with different LC output filters, line and load conditions, including discontinuous conduction mode. Measurements of the small signal frequency response of the converter (loop gain, closed loop audiosusceptibility and output impedance) have been carried out, showing the improvement achieved by the proposed control scheme. The empirical large signal response of the converter, under load steps, is also shown in this paper in order to validate the concept.
本文的目的是对传统的开关DC-DC电源变换器的ACC(平均电流模式控制)进行大幅度改进,包括在控制回路中增加一个辅助控制器,除了电流和电压调节器。基于模型的辅助控制器在功率级无源元件、负载和线路电压的大范围变化下,保留了buck衍生转换器的闭环小信号带宽(包括环路增益交叉频率和稳定裕度)。此外,该控制方案具有比传统ACC更好的抗干扰性能(闭环阻抗和听觉敏感性)。从控制理论的角度来看,鲁棒性能是保持稳定的。在不同的LC输出滤波器、线路和负载条件下,包括断续导通模式下,实验测试了一个5 V-5 A、50 kHz降压样机,工作电压范围为30 V至15 V。对转换器的小信号频率响应(环路增益、闭环声敏感度和输出阻抗)进行了测量,显示了所提出的控制方案所取得的改进。为了验证这一概念,本文还给出了变换器在负载阶跃下的经验大信号响应。
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引用次数: 9
Vibration control of the grasped object with cooperative multiple manipulator 多机械手协作抓取物体的振动控制
T. Matsumoto, T. Murakami
In a cooperative task using plural manipulators, an important issue to consider is the vibration of the grasped object. In particular, it is required to suppress the vibration which deteriorates the stable grasping motion. From this point of view, this paper describes a vibration suppression method of the grasped object by a multiple cooperative manipulator. To address the above issue, it is necessary to consider both the grasping force and vibration suppression control at the same time. In the general cooperative motion system, however, it is difficult to realize both control simultaneously and optimally. To improve the above problem, this paper proposes a construction method of hybrid controller and its application to the task planning of the grasped motion without the vibration. The numerical and experimental results also show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
在使用多个机械手的协作任务中,需要考虑的一个重要问题是被抓物体的振动。尤其需要抑制影响抓取稳定运动的振动。从这个角度出发,本文描述了一种多协作机械手抓取物体的振动抑制方法。为了解决上述问题,有必要同时考虑抓握力和抑振控制。而在一般的协同运动系统中,很难同时实现控制和最优控制。针对上述问题,本文提出了一种混合控制器的构造方法,并将其应用于无振动抓取运动的任务规划。数值和实验结果也表明了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Analysis of speed control system for electrical drives with elastic transmission 弹性传动电传动速度控制系统分析
J. Deur, N. Peric
The behavior of the speed control system for electrical drives with elastic transmission is analyzed. Several speed controller types and optimization methods are discussed. The control system is analyzed in regard to stability, well-damped behavior with respect to the speed reference and the load torque, and robustness to inner current loop modeling errors and sampling time choice. An algebraic analysis method based on the optimum damping characteristic ratios is applied. The analysis is provided for a wide range of characteristic process parameter ratios. The results of the analysis are experimentally verified on a laboratory model of the electrical drive.
分析了弹性传动电传动速度控制系统的性能。讨论了几种速度控制器的类型和优化方法。分析了控制系统的稳定性、相对于转速基准和负载转矩的良好阻尼特性以及对内电流环建模误差和采样时间选择的鲁棒性。采用了基于最佳阻尼特性比的代数分析方法。分析提供了广泛的特征工艺参数比。分析结果在电驱动的实验室模型上得到了实验验证。
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引用次数: 19
A new, simple, low-cost, modular arrangement of high power factor for both DC and AC welding 一种新的、简单的、低成本的、模块化的高功率因数安排,适用于直流和交流焊接
J. Borka, M. Horváth
Inert gas welding technology with wolfram electrodes requires DC current for welding steel and AC current for welding aluminium. A wide choice of DC welding equipment is available on the market at fairly reasonable prices. Regarding AC welding equipment, the situation is not so simple. They are much more complicated equipment at relatively high prices. For aluminium welding, in the case of an AC welding equipment, welding current has to change with a frequency of 30-200 Hz periodically and rectangularly that the electron flow of changing direction should break the oxide layer on the aluminium surface. However, this technology requires a fairly smooth, but modulated current amplitude at both polarities. Besides, the polarity change of welding current of high rate of rise is a fundamental requirement to avoid arc extinction. If it is not met, the arc should be ignited at every polarity change by a high voltage igniter that has numerous drawbacks. The paper shows simple, low-cost, modular welding equipment for both DC and AC welding. The solution developed by the authors contains one or more DC welding equipment, depending on the current requirements, and an output AC inverter of full bridge connection of a suitable rated current. The results of the development are justified by laboratory tests.
钨电极的惰性气体焊接技术焊接钢需要直流电流,焊接铝需要交流电流。市场上有多种选择的直流焊接设备,价格相当合理。对于交流焊接设备,情况就没有那么简单了。它们是更复杂的设备,价格相对较高。对于铝的焊接,在交流焊接设备的情况下,焊接电流必须以30- 200hz的周期性和矩形频率变化,改变方向的电子流应打破铝表面的氧化层。然而,这种技术需要一个相当平滑的,但调制电流振幅在两个极性。此外,高上升速率的焊接电流极性变化是避免消弧的基本要求。如果不满足,电弧应该在每次极性变化时用高压点火器点燃,这种点火器有许多缺点。本文介绍了一种简单、低成本、模块化的直流和交流焊接设备。作者开发的解决方案包含一个或多个直流焊接设备,根据电流要求,和一个输出交流逆变器的全桥连接一个合适的额定电流。实验室测试证明了开发结果的正确性。
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引用次数: 13
Telerobot control via Internet 通过互联网遥控机器人
R. Šafarič, K. Jezernik, D. Calkin, R. Parkin
This paper describes design issues involved in providing remote users with Internet access to a laboratory robotic system and presents a real experiment which enables students to control a six degree teleoperated robotic manipulator. Simulation tools for the robotic hardware are developed using Java and VRML 97 to create a desktop virtual reality environment which improves the visualisation of the manipulator hardware and associated workspace. The V-Collide library of C++ collision detection functions has also been integrated within the simulator to provide realistic detection between the virtual robot and its associated workspace. Communication between the remote user and project server via the Internet, interface electronics and control software is also discussed.
本文描述了为远程用户提供互联网访问实验室机器人系统所涉及的设计问题,并提出了一个真实的实验,使学生能够控制六度遥控机器人机械手。利用Java和VRML 97开发了机器人硬件仿真工具,创建了桌面虚拟现实环境,提高了机械臂硬件和相关工作空间的可视化程度。模拟器中还集成了c++碰撞检测函数的v - collision库,以提供虚拟机器人与其相关工作空间之间的真实检测。讨论了远程用户与项目服务器之间通过Internet、接口电子学和控制软件的通信。
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引用次数: 22
Design of an electro pneumatic micro robot for in-pipe inspection 电-气微型管道检测机器人的设计
C. Anthierens, A. Ciftci, M. Bétemps
The presentation of a micro robot for in-pipe inspection in 17 mm diameter pipes is detailed from the design to the implementation. A large part is dedicated to the modelling and estimation of each module. A completed modelling of a Hall effect sensor has been carried out in order to provide an accuracy of the displacement measurements better than 15 micrometers. Then the modelling and simulation of the whole robot have been compared to the implemented results. Finally, performances are discussed and perspectives are given to improve the locomotion task with the pneumatic actuator.
介绍了一种用于17mm管径管道内检测的微型机器人的设计和实现。其中很大一部分是对每个模块的建模和估计。为了提供优于15微米的位移测量精度,完成了霍尔效应传感器的建模。然后将整个机器人的建模和仿真结果与实现结果进行了比较。最后,讨论了气动执行器的性能,并对改进气动执行器的运动任务提出了展望。
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引用次数: 61
期刊
ISIE '99. Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (Cat. No.99TH8465)
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