Adverse reproductive outcome before term is a polyetiological pathology associated with demographic crisis. Some adverse outcomes include perinatal and neonatal infant mortality, major morbidity and mortality of children under two years, violation of psychomotor and physical development, cognitive disturbances and disability of children under age five. Finding ways to solve these issues remain a priority. The research involved two female groups. The experimental group included 403 women after the involuntary termination of pregnancy, premature birth or in case of threat of miscarriage; the control group included 402 women with physiological course of pregnancy and parturient with full-term pregnancy. The study required the application of systemic approaches and methods including structural, logical, medical and statistical analyses. The survey revealed more than 20 infectious risk factors and more than 70 factors of extragenital origin. The most significant infectious pathologies included COVID-19 (36.23 ± 2.29% and 14.93 ± 1.78%), herpes type 1 (5.96 ± 1.18% and 1.0 ± 0.50%), toxoplasmosis (4.22 ± 1.0% and 1.0 ± 0.50%) and chlamydial infection (4.22 ± 1.0% 0.50 ± 0.35%) in the experimental and control groups, respectively (P < 0.01). The most significant extragenital pathologies involved autoimmune thyroiditis (8.68 ± 1.40% and 0.75 ± 0.43%), type 1 diabetes mellitus (2.23 ± 0.74% and 0%) and allergic rhinitis/sinusitis (3.97 ± 0.97% and 0.50 ± 0.35%) in the experimental and control groups, respectively (P < 0.01). Obtained results will be used in the development of a personified risk-oriented model for the prevention of preterm pregnancy loss. Keywords: adverse reproductive outcomes before term, extragenital pathology, infectious pathology, risk factors, risk-oriented model
{"title":"Extragenital and infectious factors may provoke miscarriage","authors":"T. Gutor, N. Timchenko, O. Matsyura","doi":"10.15407/ubj95.03.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ubj95.03.042","url":null,"abstract":"Adverse reproductive outcome before term is a polyetiological pathology associated with demographic crisis. Some adverse outcomes include perinatal and neonatal infant mortality, major morbidity and mortality of children under two years, violation of psychomotor and physical development, cognitive disturbances and disability of children under age five. Finding ways to solve these issues remain a priority. The research involved two female groups. The experimental group included 403 women after the involuntary termination of pregnancy, premature birth or in case of threat of miscarriage; the control group included 402 women with physiological course of pregnancy and parturient with full-term pregnancy. The study required the application of systemic approaches and methods including structural, logical, medical and statistical analyses. The survey revealed more than 20 infectious risk factors and more than 70 factors of extragenital origin. The most significant infectious pathologies included COVID-19 (36.23 ± 2.29% and 14.93 ± 1.78%), herpes type 1 (5.96 ± 1.18% and 1.0 ± 0.50%), toxoplasmosis (4.22 ± 1.0% and 1.0 ± 0.50%) and chlamydial infection (4.22 ± 1.0% 0.50 ± 0.35%) in the experimental and control groups, respectively (P < 0.01). The most significant extragenital pathologies involved autoimmune thyroiditis (8.68 ± 1.40% and 0.75 ± 0.43%), type 1 diabetes mellitus (2.23 ± 0.74% and 0%) and allergic rhinitis/sinusitis (3.97 ± 0.97% and 0.50 ± 0.35%) in the experimental and control groups, respectively (P < 0.01). Obtained results will be used in the development of a personified risk-oriented model for the prevention of preterm pregnancy loss. Keywords: adverse reproductive outcomes before term, extragenital pathology, infectious pathology, risk factors, risk-oriented model","PeriodicalId":23007,"journal":{"name":"The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80869158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Early use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is equal to the prophylactic administration of a surfactant to prevent neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (nRDS) in high-risk infants. However, almost half of the smallest infants still require intubation and mechanical ventilation in the first 72 hours after birth. It is known that ineffective initial CPAP is associated with a poorer prognosis. Therefore, the search for reliable prognostic risk factors for ineffective CPAP in very preterm neonates whose respiratory support is started with CPAP is still relevant today. The results of a retrospective cohort study conducted at the Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Ukraine), which included 151 children with birth weight <1500 g and gestational age <32 weeks, showed that CPAP failure occurred at a median age of five hours in 31% of infants initially treated with CPAP and average (SD) FiO2, while the failure point was 0.48 (0.15). The prevalence of the main risk factors for severe nRDS did not differ significantly between two groups (CPAP success and CPAP failure). The risk of CPAP failure was significantly associated with surfactant treatment (OR – 7.46; 95% CI: 2.3–24.2), severe RDS (OR – 12.17; 95% CI: 3.8–39.3), requirement in resuscitation after birth (OR – 3.10; 95% CI: 1.2–8.1), initial CPAP pressure (OR – 0.38; 95% CI: 0.15–0.99). Earlier administration of exogenous surfactant to children at high risk of developing severe RDS could prevent the need for mechanical ventilation. Keywords: CPAP failure, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome mechanical ventilation, preterm infants, surfactant
{"title":"Risk factors of preterm infants with CPAP intubated for mechanical ventilation","authors":"O. Borysiuk, O. Matsyura, L. Besh, Y. Dubrovna","doi":"10.15407/ubj95.03.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ubj95.03.022","url":null,"abstract":"Early use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is equal to the prophylactic administration of a surfactant to prevent neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (nRDS) in high-risk infants. However, almost half of the smallest infants still require intubation and mechanical ventilation in the first 72 hours after birth. It is known that ineffective initial CPAP is associated with a poorer prognosis. Therefore, the search for reliable prognostic risk factors for ineffective CPAP in very preterm neonates whose respiratory support is started with CPAP is still relevant today. The results of a retrospective cohort study conducted at the Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Ukraine), which included 151 children with birth weight <1500 g and gestational age <32 weeks, showed that CPAP failure occurred at a median age of five hours in 31% of infants initially treated with CPAP and average (SD) FiO2, while the failure point was 0.48 (0.15). The prevalence of the main risk factors for severe nRDS did not differ significantly between two groups (CPAP success and CPAP failure). The risk of CPAP failure was significantly associated with surfactant treatment (OR – 7.46; 95% CI: 2.3–24.2), severe RDS (OR – 12.17; 95% CI: 3.8–39.3), requirement in resuscitation after birth (OR – 3.10; 95% CI: 1.2–8.1), initial CPAP pressure (OR – 0.38; 95% CI: 0.15–0.99). Earlier administration of exogenous surfactant to children at high risk of developing severe RDS could prevent the need for mechanical ventilation. Keywords: CPAP failure, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome mechanical ventilation, preterm infants, surfactant","PeriodicalId":23007,"journal":{"name":"The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85623396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Kozak, H. Pavlyshyn, I. Avramenko, O. Dyvonyak, O. O. Shevchuk, K. Hlushko
The problem of thyroid dysfunction related to SARS-CoV-2 infection remains unclear in children. Therefore, the study aimed to reveal the interrelationship between thyroid dysfunction and COVID-19 severity as well as to determine optimal cut-off values for screening for thyroid disorders in children. A total number of 90 children aged from 1 month to 17 years were involved in the study. Patients with known thyroid disease were not recruited for the research. A thyroid panel was assessed for all participants that included: free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and anti-thyroid peroxidase (ATPO) antibodies. Statistical analysis was done using the computer software Statistica 13.0. Research has revealed euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS) in 14.10% of SARS-CoV-2 infected children more often among patients with severe COVID-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome (33.33%) compared to mild COVID-19 course (6.67%) and moderate disease severity (8.89%) (P < 0.05). Significant correlation relationships were revealed for next values – FT3 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (rs = -0.22; P < 0.05); FT3 and C-reactive protein (CRP) (rs = -0.33; P < 0.05); FT3 and procalcitonin (rs = -0.43; P < 0.05). The next cut-off values for ESS determination were revealed: ESR 18.5 mm/h (AUC 0.803); CRP 11.5 mg/l (AUC 0.763); ferritin 84.8 ng/ml (AUC 0.733). Results suggest that pediatricians should pay attention to the endocrine disruptions by COVID-19 in children. Keywords: COVID-19, euthyroid sick syndrome in children, inflammatory markers
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 infection and thyroid dysfunction in children","authors":"K. Kozak, H. Pavlyshyn, I. Avramenko, O. Dyvonyak, O. O. Shevchuk, K. Hlushko","doi":"10.15407/ubj95.03.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ubj95.03.012","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of thyroid dysfunction related to SARS-CoV-2 infection remains unclear in children. Therefore, the study aimed to reveal the interrelationship between thyroid dysfunction and COVID-19 severity as well as to determine optimal cut-off values for screening for thyroid disorders in children. A total number of 90 children aged from 1 month to 17 years were involved in the study. Patients with known thyroid disease were not recruited for the research. A thyroid panel was assessed for all participants that included: free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and anti-thyroid peroxidase (ATPO) antibodies. Statistical analysis was done using the computer software Statistica 13.0. Research has revealed euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS) in 14.10% of SARS-CoV-2 infected children more often among patients with severe COVID-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome (33.33%) compared to mild COVID-19 course (6.67%) and moderate disease severity (8.89%) (P < 0.05). Significant correlation relationships were revealed for next values – FT3 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (rs = -0.22; P < 0.05); FT3 and C-reactive protein (CRP) (rs = -0.33; P < 0.05); FT3 and procalcitonin (rs = -0.43; P < 0.05). The next cut-off values for ESS determination were revealed: ESR 18.5 mm/h (AUC 0.803); CRP 11.5 mg/l (AUC 0.763); ferritin 84.8 ng/ml (AUC 0.733). Results suggest that pediatricians should pay attention to the endocrine disruptions by COVID-19 in children. Keywords: COVID-19, euthyroid sick syndrome in children, inflammatory markers","PeriodicalId":23007,"journal":{"name":"The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80283739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Oyebamiji, E. Akintayo, C. Akintayo, H. Aworinde, O. Adekunle, S. Akintelu
Сyclic peptides attract attention for possible applications in cancer treatment. We examined the ability of six cyclic RGD-containing peptides-based compounds to inhibit B-cell lymphoma-extra-large (Bcl-XL) (PDB ID: 3zk6) using the in silico method. We observed that the addition of electron withdrawing group (–Cl) to cyclic RGD-containing peptides-based compound induced a radical improvement in the hydrogen bond strength with Arg139 in Bcl-XL. Compound F with -9.2 kcal/mol was observed to be positioned at the best-docked site in the binding pocket of Bcl-XL and therefore suggested to have greater potential anticancer ability than other studied compounds as well as the referenced compound (Doxorubicin). The ADMET properties of compound F and Doxorubicin were investigated and reported. Our findings may open door for the design and development of library of efficient cyclic RGD-containing peptides-based drug-like compounds as potential anti- cancer agents. Keywords: Bcl-X(L), carcinogesis, cyclic RGD peptides, in silico study, modeling, peptide-protein interaction
{"title":"Cyclic RGD-containing peptides: in silico exploration against BCL-X(L)","authors":"A. Oyebamiji, E. Akintayo, C. Akintayo, H. Aworinde, O. Adekunle, S. Akintelu","doi":"10.15407/ubj95.02.093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ubj95.02.093","url":null,"abstract":"Сyclic peptides attract attention for possible applications in cancer treatment. We examined the ability of six cyclic RGD-containing peptides-based compounds to inhibit B-cell lymphoma-extra-large (Bcl-XL) (PDB ID: 3zk6) using the in silico method. We observed that the addition of electron withdrawing group (–Cl) to cyclic RGD-containing peptides-based compound induced a radical improvement in the hydrogen bond strength with Arg139 in Bcl-XL. Compound F with -9.2 kcal/mol was observed to be positioned at the best-docked site in the binding pocket of Bcl-XL and therefore suggested to have greater potential anticancer ability than other studied compounds as well as the referenced compound (Doxorubicin). The ADMET properties of compound F and Doxorubicin were investigated and reported. Our findings may open door for the design and development of library of efficient cyclic RGD-containing peptides-based drug-like compounds as potential anti- cancer agents. Keywords: Bcl-X(L), carcinogesis, cyclic RGD peptides, in silico study, modeling, peptide-protein interaction","PeriodicalId":23007,"journal":{"name":"The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81242882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Motuziuk, D. Nozdrenko, S. Prylutska, K. Bogutska, O. Korotkyi, Yu. y Prylutsky
Biochemical indices of blood and tissue of the gastrocnemius muscle chronically alcoholized (for 3, 6 and 9 months) rats were studied. С60 fullerene aqueous solution (C60FAS) was administered orally as a pharmacological agent at a dose of 1 mg/kg daily throughout the experiment in a three routes: 1 h before alcohol intake (preventive regimen), together with alcohol (therapeutic regimen I) and 1 h after alcohol intake (therapeutic regimen II). Creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and the level of creatinine, lactate, hydrogen peroxide, reduced glutathione were estimated with clinical diagnostic kits. A pronounced upward trend in creatinine and lactate content, CPK and LDH activity with increasing degree of alcoholic myopathy during experiment was detected. Administration of C60FAS was shown to reduce the biochemical indices of muscle injury and to reduce oxidative processes by maintaining the balance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems. The maximum positive effect was observed when C60FAS was administered together with alcohol (therapeutic regimen I). The results indicate on C60 fullerene ability to correct the pathological condition of the muscular system arising from alcohol intoxication. Keywords: alcohol intoxication, antioxidant system, C60 fullerene, creatine phosphokinase, gastrocnemius muscle, lactate dehydrogenase
{"title":"Biochemical parameters of blood and tissue of the gastrocnemius muscle in chronically alcoholized rats under oral administration of C(60) fullerene aqueous solution","authors":"O. Motuziuk, D. Nozdrenko, S. Prylutska, K. Bogutska, O. Korotkyi, Yu. y Prylutsky","doi":"10.15407/ubj95.02.058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ubj95.02.058","url":null,"abstract":"Biochemical indices of blood and tissue of the gastrocnemius muscle chronically alcoholized (for 3, 6 and 9 months) rats were studied. С60 fullerene aqueous solution (C60FAS) was administered orally as a pharmacological agent at a dose of 1 mg/kg daily throughout the experiment in a three routes: 1 h before alcohol intake (preventive regimen), together with alcohol (therapeutic regimen I) and 1 h after alcohol intake (therapeutic regimen II). Creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and the level of creatinine, lactate, hydrogen peroxide, reduced glutathione were estimated with clinical diagnostic kits. A pronounced upward trend in creatinine and lactate content, CPK and LDH activity with increasing degree of alcoholic myopathy during experiment was detected. Administration of C60FAS was shown to reduce the biochemical indices of muscle injury and to reduce oxidative processes by maintaining the balance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems. The maximum positive effect was observed when C60FAS was administered together with alcohol (therapeutic regimen I). The results indicate on C60 fullerene ability to correct the pathological condition of the muscular system arising from alcohol intoxication. Keywords: alcohol intoxication, antioxidant system, C60 fullerene, creatine phosphokinase, gastrocnemius muscle, lactate dehydrogenase","PeriodicalId":23007,"journal":{"name":"The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87406768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Lisakovska, I. Shymanskyi, V. Vasylevska, E. Pasichna, M. Veliky, S. Komisarenko
The study was aimed at evaluating therapeutic efficacy of vitamin D3 (VD3, 1000 IU/kg of b.w., 30 days) and sodium salt of methylenebisphosphonic acid (MBPA, 17 mg/kg of b.w., 30 days) monotherapies as well as their effect in combination in preventing mineral metabolism and bone remodeling disturbances associated with glucocorticoid(GC)-induced osteoporosis. Osteoporosis in rats was induced by long-term (30 days) administration of the synthetic glucocorticoid prednisolone (5 mg/kg of b.w.). Calcium and inorganic phosphate levels, activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in serum, bone tissue and bone marrow were determined spectrophotometrically. The protein levels of VD3 receptor (VDR), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK), its ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in bone tissue were determined by Western blotting. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3) content was assayed by ELISA. It was shown that prednisolone caused the development of hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia, increased the alkaline phosphatase activity in the blood serum, while downregulating its activity in bone tissue and bone marrow. GC-induced osteoporosis was accompanied by a profound deficiency of VD3 and a decrease in the content of VDR. Evaluation of the NF-κB-associated cytokine axis RANK/RANKL/OPG, which regulates the balance of osteoblasts/osteoclasts, showed a simultaneous decrease in the RANK content and OPG/RANKL ratio. Vitamin D3 restored mineral metabolism and 25OHD3 level that led to the normalization of VDR-mediated signaling and RANK/RANKL/OPG functions in bone tissue. It has been shown that the administration of MBPA had a corrective effect on the content of mineral components in the blood serum and bone tissue, as well as on the activity of alkaline phosphatase only in combination with vitamin D3, indicating a low efficiency of bisphosphonate monotherapy in GC-induced vitamin D3 deficiency and osteoporosis. Keywords: bone remodeling, glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, methylenebisphosphonic acid, RANK/RANKL/OPG axis, vitamin D3
{"title":"Vitamin D(3) and methylenebisphosphonic acid in the correction of mineral metabolism disorders and bone remodeling associated with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis","authors":"O. Lisakovska, I. Shymanskyi, V. Vasylevska, E. Pasichna, M. Veliky, S. Komisarenko","doi":"10.15407/ubj95.02.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ubj95.02.033","url":null,"abstract":"The study was aimed at evaluating therapeutic efficacy of vitamin D3 (VD3, 1000 IU/kg of b.w., 30 days) and sodium salt of methylenebisphosphonic acid (MBPA, 17 mg/kg of b.w., 30 days) monotherapies as well as their effect in combination in preventing mineral metabolism and bone remodeling disturbances associated with glucocorticoid(GC)-induced osteoporosis. Osteoporosis in rats was induced by long-term (30 days) administration of the synthetic glucocorticoid prednisolone (5 mg/kg of b.w.). Calcium and inorganic phosphate levels, activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in serum, bone tissue and bone marrow were determined spectrophotometrically. The protein levels of VD3 receptor (VDR), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK), its ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in bone tissue were determined by Western blotting. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3) content was assayed by ELISA. It was shown that prednisolone caused the development of hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia, increased the alkaline phosphatase activity in the blood serum, while downregulating its activity in bone tissue and bone marrow. GC-induced osteoporosis was accompanied by a profound deficiency of VD3 and a decrease in the content of VDR. Evaluation of the NF-κB-associated cytokine axis RANK/RANKL/OPG, which regulates the balance of osteoblasts/osteoclasts, showed a simultaneous decrease in the RANK content and OPG/RANKL ratio. Vitamin D3 restored mineral metabolism and 25OHD3 level that led to the normalization of VDR-mediated signaling and RANK/RANKL/OPG functions in bone tissue. It has been shown that the administration of MBPA had a corrective effect on the content of mineral components in the blood serum and bone tissue, as well as on the activity of alkaline phosphatase only in combination with vitamin D3, indicating a low efficiency of bisphosphonate monotherapy in GC-induced vitamin D3 deficiency and osteoporosis. Keywords: bone remodeling, glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, methylenebisphosphonic acid, RANK/RANKL/OPG axis, vitamin D3","PeriodicalId":23007,"journal":{"name":"The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77176361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Testosterone, the production of which is stimulated by the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) has a remarkable anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect, and in conditions of testosterone deficiency tissue damage can occur due to excessive differentiation of macrophages into a pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype. The aim of this study was to determine the spread of CD68 receptorn as the marker of inflammation on the cells in the interstitial space and testicular vessels under LH synthesis blockade with tryptorelin. Sexually mature white male rats were randomly divided into control (10 animals) and experimental (25 animals) groups. Animals in the experimental group were injected with a tryptorelin acetate solution (0.3 mg/kg). Immunochemical analysis of CD68+ expression was estimated at Olympus FV10i-LIV laser scanning confocal microscope using fluorescent labeling dye hilyte flour 488. It was shown that luteinizing hormone deprivation led to an increase in the distribution of the CD68 receptor in the interstitial space and in the testicular vessels from day 30 to 180 of the experiment, associated with the increase of inducible NO synthase activity in testis tissue. Keywords: CD68, luteinizing hormone, macrophage M1 phenotype, testis, testosterone, tryptorelin References:
{"title":"Dynamics of CD68 receptor expression in macrophages of the interstitial space of the rat testis under triptorelin prolonged administration","authors":"Y. Stetsuk, V. I. Shepytko, O. Akimov","doi":"10.15407/ubj95.02.075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ubj95.02.075","url":null,"abstract":"Testosterone, the production of which is stimulated by the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) has a remarkable anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect, and in conditions of testosterone deficiency tissue damage can occur due to excessive differentiation of macrophages into a pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype. The aim of this study was to determine the spread of CD68 receptorn as the marker of inflammation on the cells in the interstitial space and testicular vessels under LH synthesis blockade with tryptorelin. Sexually mature white male rats were randomly divided into control (10 animals) and experimental (25 animals) groups. Animals in the experimental group were injected with a tryptorelin acetate solution (0.3 mg/kg). Immunochemical analysis of CD68+ expression was estimated at Olympus FV10i-LIV laser scanning confocal microscope using fluorescent labeling dye hilyte flour 488. It was shown that luteinizing hormone deprivation led to an increase in the distribution of the CD68 receptor in the interstitial space and in the testicular vessels from day 30 to 180 of the experiment, associated with the increase of inducible NO synthase activity in testis tissue. Keywords: CD68, luteinizing hormone, macrophage M1 phenotype, testis, testosterone, tryptorelin References:","PeriodicalId":23007,"journal":{"name":"The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82234365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) regulate mitochondria-driven apoptosis; however, their intracellular ligands are unknown. In the present paper, we show that choline and its derivatives (phosphocholine (PC), L-α-glycerophosphocholine (G-PC) and 1-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (P-GPC)) dose-dependently influence cytochrome c release from isolated mouse liver mitochondria. Choline inhibited Ca2+-stimulated cytochrome c release, while PC attenuated wortmannin-induced cytochrome c release. Small doses of G-PC and P-GPC (up to 0.1 µM) were protective against either Ca2+ or wortmannin, while larger doses (up to 1 µM) stimulated cytochrome c release by themselves. Choline and PC disrupted interaction of VDAC1, Bax and Bcl-2 with mitochondrial α7 nAChRs and favored their interaction with α9 nAChR subunits. It is concluded that choline metabolites can regulate apoptosis by affecting mitochondrial nAChRs. Keywords: apoptosis, choline, choline derivatives, cytochrome c, mitochondria, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
{"title":"Choline derivatives as natural ligands of mitochondrial nicotinic acetylcholine receptors","authors":"O. Lykhmus, M. Izmailov, M. Skok","doi":"10.15407/ubj95.02.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ubj95.02.024","url":null,"abstract":"Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) regulate mitochondria-driven apoptosis; however, their intracellular ligands are unknown. In the present paper, we show that choline and its derivatives (phosphocholine (PC), L-α-glycerophosphocholine (G-PC) and 1-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (P-GPC)) dose-dependently influence cytochrome c release from isolated mouse liver mitochondria. Choline inhibited Ca2+-stimulated cytochrome c release, while PC attenuated wortmannin-induced cytochrome c release. Small doses of G-PC and P-GPC (up to 0.1 µM) were protective against either Ca2+ or wortmannin, while larger doses (up to 1 µM) stimulated cytochrome c release by themselves. Choline and PC disrupted interaction of VDAC1, Bax and Bcl-2 with mitochondrial α7 nAChRs and favored their interaction with α9 nAChR subunits. It is concluded that choline metabolites can regulate apoptosis by affecting mitochondrial nAChRs. Keywords: apoptosis, choline, choline derivatives, cytochrome c, mitochondria, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor","PeriodicalId":23007,"journal":{"name":"The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79409084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For many decades, scientists have tried to unravel the mysteries of the nervous system – the complex phenomenon that receives messages, processes information, and sends signals to the rest of the body. The most important scientific discoveries of the 19th and the 20th centuries paved the way for the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine awarded to Arvid Carlsson, Paul Greengard and Eric Kandel “for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system”. So, the beginning of the new millennium was “marked” by pioneering research into the chemical transmission of signals in the central nervous system, which created the foundation for a deeper understanding of the mediatory role of dopamine, the processes of slow synaptic transmission, short-term and long-term memory, and the mechanisms of action of antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs. The paper aims to outline the main stages of scientific activities of a Swedish neuropharmacologist Per Arvid Emil Carlsson and the American neurobiologists Paul Greengard and Eric Richard Kandel. Keywords: Arvid Carlsson, brain, dopamine, Eric Kandel, learning, memory, nervous system, Paul Greengard, slow synaptic transmission, the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
几十年来，科学家们一直试图解开神经系统的奥秘——神经系统是一种复杂的现象，它接收信息，处理信息，并向身体的其他部分发送信号。19世纪和20世纪最重要的科学发现为2000年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖铺平了道路，阿维德·卡尔森(Arvid Carlsson)、保罗·格林加德(Paul Greengard)和埃里克·坎德尔(Eric Kandel)因“发现了神经系统中的信号转导”而获奖。因此，新千年的开始以对中枢神经系统信号化学传递的开创性研究为“标志”，这为更深入地理解多巴胺的调节作用、慢突触传递过程、短期和长期记忆，以及抗精神病和抗抑郁药物的作用机制奠定了基础。本文旨在概述瑞典神经药理学家Per Arvid Emil Carlsson和美国神经生物学家Paul greenard和Eric Richard Kandel的科学活动的主要阶段。关键词:阿尔维德·卡尔森，大脑，多巴胺，埃里克·坎德尔，学习，记忆，神经系统，保罗·格林加德，慢突触传递，2000年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖
{"title":"Nobel prize winners Arvid Carlsson, Paul Greengard and Eric Kandel: the research of signal transduction in the nervous system","authors":"T. Danylova","doi":"10.15407/ubj95.02.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ubj95.02.106","url":null,"abstract":"For many decades, scientists have tried to unravel the mysteries of the nervous system – the complex phenomenon that receives messages, processes information, and sends signals to the rest of the body. The most important scientific discoveries of the 19th and the 20th centuries paved the way for the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine awarded to Arvid Carlsson, Paul Greengard and Eric Kandel “for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system”. So, the beginning of the new millennium was “marked” by pioneering research into the chemical transmission of signals in the central nervous system, which created the foundation for a deeper understanding of the mediatory role of dopamine, the processes of slow synaptic transmission, short-term and long-term memory, and the mechanisms of action of antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs. The paper aims to outline the main stages of scientific activities of a Swedish neuropharmacologist Per Arvid Emil Carlsson and the American neurobiologists Paul Greengard and Eric Richard Kandel. Keywords: Arvid Carlsson, brain, dopamine, Eric Kandel, learning, memory, nervous system, Paul Greengard, slow synaptic transmission, the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine","PeriodicalId":23007,"journal":{"name":"The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88602286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this review, we analyze and summarize literature data and the results of our own research related to the immunity status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and those T2D patients who were infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It was shown that in the blood plasma of T2D patients, especially those with elevated BMI, the level and ultrastructure of the main cellular components of natural immunity – neutrophils and monocytes – were affected accompanied by high levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α). It was suggested that the increased susceptibility of T2D patients to SARS-CoV-2 infection is primarily due to a weakening of the innate immune defense against pathogens, whereas in T2D patients who have COVID-19, adaptive T-cell immunity disorders accompanied by a cytokine storm prevail. It was concluded that hyperinflammation in T2D+COVID19 patients is the result of enhancement of already existing before SARS-CoV-2 infection T2D-caused disorders of innate and adaptive immunity, in the mechanism of which cytokines and chemokines play a significant role. Keywords: COVID-19, cytokines, innate and adaptive immunit, neutrophils, T-lymphocytes, type 2 diabetes mellitus
{"title":"Immunological mechanisms of increased susceptibility to COVID-19 disease and its severe course in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and obesity","authors":"K. P. Zak, M. Tronko, S. Komisarenko","doi":"10.15407/ubj95.02.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ubj95.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"In this review, we analyze and summarize literature data and the results of our own research related to the immunity status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and those T2D patients who were infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It was shown that in the blood plasma of T2D patients, especially those with elevated BMI, the level and ultrastructure of the main cellular components of natural immunity – neutrophils and monocytes – were affected accompanied by high levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α). It was suggested that the increased susceptibility of T2D patients to SARS-CoV-2 infection is primarily due to a weakening of the innate immune defense against pathogens, whereas in T2D patients who have COVID-19, adaptive T-cell immunity disorders accompanied by a cytokine storm prevail. It was concluded that hyperinflammation in T2D+COVID19 patients is the result of enhancement of already existing before SARS-CoV-2 infection T2D-caused disorders of innate and adaptive immunity, in the mechanism of which cytokines and chemokines play a significant role. Keywords: COVID-19, cytokines, innate and adaptive immunit, neutrophils, T-lymphocytes, type 2 diabetes mellitus","PeriodicalId":23007,"journal":{"name":"The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83112848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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