study was done between glaucoma awareness week (GAW) of two consecutive years (2016 & 2017), starting from the beginning of GAW in the year 2016 (March 6’2016) to a day before the beginning of GAW in year 2017 (March 11’2017). The study was approved Abstract by the institutional ethical committee and adhered to declaration of Helsinki. We tracked three sources of information-print media (5 national dailies), electronic media (2 FM stations and one TV station) and 26 hospital premises for one year. To track print media, we selected five newspapers, two Hindi dailies (Dainik Bhaskar-Hisar edition, Dainik Jagran-Hisar edition, Dainik Nabhchhor) and two English dailies (Times of India –New Delhi-city edition, The Hindu-New Delhi edition). The selection of newspapers was based on information obtained from newspaper distribution agencies. We selected newspaper with maximum circulation in the city. Data on population of city was used to calculate readership reach of print media. We used urban/metropolitan population data as per 2011 census. (http://www.census2011.co.in/census/ city/41-hisar.html) During the study period two persons screened selected dailies on a daily basis for publication of an advertisement or article issued in public interest by government or non-government agency or organization to promote awareness about glaucoma. A publication was considered as an awareness promotion if it either intended to motivate an individual for eye examination for detection of glaucoma or gave information about some aspect of glaucoma. The electronic media sources included city based two FM radio stations (92.7 Big FM, 106.4 Radio Dhamaal) and a relay station of state owned television (Doordarshan). There are five FM stations in city; two of them were randomly selected. We visited offices of these broadcast stations and gathered information on airing any jingle, advertisement or talk on promoting awareness about glaucoma in the beginning and end of the study period. We 11 AM 1PM. Purpose:- : Lack of awareness about glaucoma is one of the leading causes of glaucoma. This study was designed to understand possible reasons responsible for lower levels of awareness and discuss the role of media and health agencies. Material & Methods:- This was a year long observational study which closely followed sources of information readily available to common persons. We looked for information intended to improve glaucoma awareness in print media, electronic media and hospital premises. Results:- Between March 2016 and March 2017, we observed 5 newspapers, 2 FM radio channels, 1 TV channel and visited 26 hospitals. There was only one advertisement in one of the Hindi language newspaper. In only 3(11%) hospitals premises, some kind of information on glaucoma awareness was available. Conclusion:- Information on promoting glaucoma awareness through audio-visual media and health agencies is lacking in this part of India.
研究在连续两年(2016年和2017年)的青光眼宣传周(GAW)之间进行，从2016年的GAW开始(2016年3月6日)到2017年的GAW开始的前一天(2017年3月11日)。本研究经机构伦理委员会批准摘要，遵循赫尔辛基宣言。我们对三种信息来源进行了为期一年的跟踪调查——印刷媒体(5家全国性日报)、电子媒体(2家调频电台和一家电视台)和26家医院。为了跟踪印刷媒体，我们选择了五份报纸，两份印地语日报(Dainik Bhaskar-Hisar版，Dainik Jagran-Hisar版，Dainik Nabhchhor版)和两份英语日报(印度时报-新德里城市版，印度教徒-新德里版)。报纸的选择是基于从报纸发行机构获得的信息。我们选了本市发行量最大的报纸。使用城市人口数据计算纸媒的读者覆盖面。我们使用了2011年人口普查的城市/大都市人口数据。(http://www.census2011.co.in/census/ city/41-hisar.html)在研究期间，两名研究人员每天筛选选定的日报，刊登政府或非政府机构或组织为公众利益而发布的广告或文章，以提高人们对青光眼的认识。如果一份出版物旨在激励个人进行眼科检查以发现青光眼或提供有关青光眼某些方面的信息，则该出版物被视为提高认识。电子媒体来源包括基于城市的两个调频广播电台(92.7 Big FM, 106.4 radio Dhamaal)和国有电视台(Doordarshan)的一个中继站。全市有5个调频电台;其中两个是随机选择的。我们访问了这些广播电台的办公室，并收集了在研究开始和结束时播放任何广告，广告或关于提高对青光眼认识的谈话的信息。我们上午11点到下午1点。目的:缺乏对青光眼的认识是导致青光眼的主要原因之一。这项研究的目的是了解造成意识水平较低的可能原因，并讨论媒体和卫生机构的作用。材料与方法:这是一项为期一年的观察性研究，密切关注普通人随时可以获得的信息来源。我们在印刷媒体、电子媒体和医院寻找旨在提高青光眼认知度的信息。结果:- 2016年3月至2017年3月，共观察报纸5份、调频广播2个、电视1个频道，走访医院26家。在一份印度语报纸上只有一则广告。只有3家(11%)医院提供了有关青光眼认识的某种信息。结论:印度这一地区缺乏通过视听媒体和卫生机构提高对青光眼认识的信息。
{"title":"Role of Mass Communication and Health Care In Promoting Glaucoma Awareness: An Observational Study","authors":"P. Rewri, Wazid Ali, V. Yadav, Depender Paul Vats","doi":"10.7869/DJO.353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7869/DJO.353","url":null,"abstract":"study was done between glaucoma awareness week (GAW) of two consecutive years (2016 & 2017), starting from the beginning of GAW in the year 2016 (March 6’2016) to a day before the beginning of GAW in year 2017 (March 11’2017). The study was approved Abstract by the institutional ethical committee and adhered to declaration of Helsinki. We tracked three sources of information-print media (5 national dailies), electronic media (2 FM stations and one TV station) and 26 hospital premises for one year. To track print media, we selected five newspapers, two Hindi dailies (Dainik Bhaskar-Hisar edition, Dainik Jagran-Hisar edition, Dainik Nabhchhor) and two English dailies (Times of India –New Delhi-city edition, The Hindu-New Delhi edition). The selection of newspapers was based on information obtained from newspaper distribution agencies. We selected newspaper with maximum circulation in the city. Data on population of city was used to calculate readership reach of print media. We used urban/metropolitan population data as per 2011 census. (http://www.census2011.co.in/census/ city/41-hisar.html) During the study period two persons screened selected dailies on a daily basis for publication of an advertisement or article issued in public interest by government or non-government agency or organization to promote awareness about glaucoma. A publication was considered as an awareness promotion if it either intended to motivate an individual for eye examination for detection of glaucoma or gave information about some aspect of glaucoma. The electronic media sources included city based two FM radio stations (92.7 Big FM, 106.4 Radio Dhamaal) and a relay station of state owned television (Doordarshan). There are five FM stations in city; two of them were randomly selected. We visited offices of these broadcast stations and gathered information on airing any jingle, advertisement or talk on promoting awareness about glaucoma in the beginning and end of the study period. We 11 AM 1PM. Purpose:- : Lack of awareness about glaucoma is one of the leading causes of glaucoma. This study was designed to understand possible reasons responsible for lower levels of awareness and discuss the role of media and health agencies. Material & Methods:- This was a year long observational study which closely followed sources of information readily available to common persons. We looked for information intended to improve glaucoma awareness in print media, electronic media and hospital premises. Results:- Between March 2016 and March 2017, we observed 5 newspapers, 2 FM radio channels, 1 TV channel and visited 26 hospitals. There was only one advertisement in one of the Hindi language newspaper. In only 3(11%) hospitals premises, some kind of information on glaucoma awareness was available. Conclusion:- Information on promoting glaucoma awareness through audio-visual media and health agencies is lacking in this part of India.","PeriodicalId":23047,"journal":{"name":"The Official Scientific Journal of Delhi Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82655726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arachnoid cysts are cerebrospinal fluid covered by arachnoidal cells and collagen that may develop between the surface of the brain and the cranial base or on the arachnoid membrane, one of the 3 meningeal layers that cover the brain and the spinal cord. 1 In this article, we describe a 10-year-old boy with an arachnoid cyst of the right fronto-temporal area that led to a near reflex paresis in the eyes. This presentation has been never reported in the literature.
{"title":"Near Reflex Paresis - A Rare Presentation of Arachnoid Cyst","authors":"Vidhya Chandran","doi":"10.7869/djo.356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7869/djo.356","url":null,"abstract":"Arachnoid cysts are cerebrospinal fluid covered by arachnoidal cells and collagen that may develop between the surface of the brain and the cranial base or on the arachnoid membrane, one of the 3 meningeal layers that cover the brain and the spinal cord. 1 In this article, we describe a 10-year-old boy with an arachnoid cyst of the right fronto-temporal area that led to a near reflex paresis in the eyes. This presentation has been never reported in the literature.","PeriodicalId":23047,"journal":{"name":"The Official Scientific Journal of Delhi Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87356285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Partial Orbital Prosthesis: An Alternate Option","authors":"Sachin Gupta, Shreya Gupta","doi":"10.7869/DJO.359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7869/DJO.359","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23047,"journal":{"name":"The Official Scientific Journal of Delhi Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73598418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Navneet S. Mehrotra, M. Nagpal, Hardik A. Jain, Rakesh Juneja
Introduction Uveitis is a common ocular pathology with an annual incidence of approximately 17-52 cases per 100 000 and prevalence of 38-714 per 100 000.1 It can be classified anatomically into anterior, intermediate, posterior and panuveitis. Uveitis can also be divided based on its aetiology into infectious, non-infectious, and masquerade syndromes (neoplastic and drug-induced). The course of uveitis may be defined as acute, recurrent or chronic. Intermediate uveitis and posterior uveitis affect the posterior segment of the eye and are often unresponsive to topical administration of steroids due to less than optimum therapeutic drug penetration beyond the lens. Periocular and subtenon steroids could be effective in treating some patients with uveitis associated cystoid macular edema (CME) but these are associated with higher incidence of complications like cataract, glaucoma, ptosis, globe perforation etc. Long-term systemic corticosteroid therapy is required in patients with an associated systemic disease and in those with bilateral ocular inflammation. Although effective, it is associated with a variety of potentially serious adverse effects such as induction or worsening of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, and adrenal suppression. Macular edema (ME) has been reported to occur in one third of cases of posterior uveitis, which is most often termed as ‘uveitic macular edema’.2 It is due to breakdown of blood retinal barrier and leakage of contents in and around the macula. Ozurdex is a biodegradable intravitreal dexamethasone implant approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for treatment of macular edema associated with vein occlusion, diabetic retinopathy Delhi J Ophthalmol 2018;28;16-9; Doi; http://dx.doi.org/10.7869/djo.349 Abstract
{"title":"Visual and Anatomical Outcome Of Ozurdex Implant In Non-Infectious Intermediate Or Posterior Uveitis In Treatment Naive Patients","authors":"Navneet S. Mehrotra, M. Nagpal, Hardik A. Jain, Rakesh Juneja","doi":"10.7869/djo.349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7869/djo.349","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Uveitis is a common ocular pathology with an annual incidence of approximately 17-52 cases per 100 000 and prevalence of 38-714 per 100 000.1 It can be classified anatomically into anterior, intermediate, posterior and panuveitis. Uveitis can also be divided based on its aetiology into infectious, non-infectious, and masquerade syndromes (neoplastic and drug-induced). The course of uveitis may be defined as acute, recurrent or chronic. Intermediate uveitis and posterior uveitis affect the posterior segment of the eye and are often unresponsive to topical administration of steroids due to less than optimum therapeutic drug penetration beyond the lens. Periocular and subtenon steroids could be effective in treating some patients with uveitis associated cystoid macular edema (CME) but these are associated with higher incidence of complications like cataract, glaucoma, ptosis, globe perforation etc. Long-term systemic corticosteroid therapy is required in patients with an associated systemic disease and in those with bilateral ocular inflammation. Although effective, it is associated with a variety of potentially serious adverse effects such as induction or worsening of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, and adrenal suppression. Macular edema (ME) has been reported to occur in one third of cases of posterior uveitis, which is most often termed as ‘uveitic macular edema’.2 It is due to breakdown of blood retinal barrier and leakage of contents in and around the macula. Ozurdex is a biodegradable intravitreal dexamethasone implant approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for treatment of macular edema associated with vein occlusion, diabetic retinopathy Delhi J Ophthalmol 2018;28;16-9; Doi; http://dx.doi.org/10.7869/djo.349 Abstract","PeriodicalId":23047,"journal":{"name":"The Official Scientific Journal of Delhi Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89003879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims:- To find the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a project named “Community Based Diabetic Retinopathy” initiated to study the diabetics in a city of population 1.2 lacs. Methods:- After initial survey, mapping was done where spots were identified to organize weekly diabetic retinopathy (DR) camps. The target population was sensitized by home to home visit, placing of canopies and posters prior to the camps. On the day of camp, people above 40 years were subjected for Random blood sugar (RBS) estimation besides routine eye check up. The known diabetics and those detected on that day were examined with indirect ophthalmoscopy (IDO) by ophthalmologists. Results:- A total of 5596 persons were examined in 50 weekly camps in one year. 1172 diabetic patients were screened, out of which 66 were found to have retinopathy. Only 6 underwent treatment. Prevalence of DR was found to be 1.17% (M= 0.69%, F=0.48%) in the entire data set and 5.63% among the diabetics. Conclusion:- Prevalence of DR in our project was much less than other population based studies across the nation. completed along were We
{"title":"Prevalence Of Diabetic Retinopathy In Jorhat District Of Assam","authors":"Sagarika Das, Narayan Bardoloi, S. Sarkar","doi":"10.7869/DJO.351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7869/DJO.351","url":null,"abstract":"Aims:- To find the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a project named “Community Based Diabetic Retinopathy” initiated to study the diabetics in a city of population 1.2 lacs. Methods:- After initial survey, mapping was done where spots were identified to organize weekly diabetic retinopathy (DR) camps. The target population was sensitized by home to home visit, placing of canopies and posters prior to the camps. On the day of camp, people above 40 years were subjected for Random blood sugar (RBS) estimation besides routine eye check up. The known diabetics and those detected on that day were examined with indirect ophthalmoscopy (IDO) by ophthalmologists. Results:- A total of 5596 persons were examined in 50 weekly camps in one year. 1172 diabetic patients were screened, out of which 66 were found to have retinopathy. Only 6 underwent treatment. Prevalence of DR was found to be 1.17% (M= 0.69%, F=0.48%) in the entire data set and 5.63% among the diabetics. Conclusion:- Prevalence of DR in our project was much less than other population based studies across the nation. completed along were We","PeriodicalId":23047,"journal":{"name":"The Official Scientific Journal of Delhi Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74349831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Kothari, P. Bokariya, Smita Singh, Hemavaishnave Ts
Purpose:- : To investigate the visual evoked potentials in Type II diabetic patients in order to determine the alterations, if any, resulting from visual impairment due to diabetes mellitus (DM). Material & Methods:- The study was conducted in the Neurophysiology unit of the Department of Physiology of a rural medical college of Central India. The study population consisted of 30 patients diagnosed with Type II DM and 30 age matched controls after proper screening as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Both eyes of the two groups of the subjects were included in the study. Design:- Tertiary care rural hospital based, single time assessment, short term observational study. Methodology:- The stimulus configuration consisted of the transient pattern reversal method in which a black and white checker board is generated (full field) on a VEP Monitor by an electronic pattern regenerator inbuilt in an Evoked Potential Recorder. Results:- Mean age of Type 2 diabetic subjects was 58.21 ± 8.17 years and it was 54.48 ± 3.87 years in controls. Except N70 Latency of LE, there was a statistically significant difference between diabetic subjects and controls in terms of all the PRVEP parameters of both the eyes (P<0.001). The pathological VEP was recorded as significant prolongation of P100 latency and significant lower amplitude in diabetic patients compared to control group. A significant intra-ocular difference was observed in 20% cases. The differences between the three groups namely diabetics with diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetics without DR and controls using One-way ANOVA were statistically significant in terms of P100 and N155 latencies and P100 amplitude (P<0.001), with the exception of N70 latency. Conclusion:- P100 wave latencies were significantly delayed in the diabetic patients compared with the control subjects indicative of functional disturbances in the visual system related to glucose metabolism. Abstract neuropathy associated with DM, it is pertinent to expect dysfunction to occur along the visual pathway right from the retina. 5 Diabetic retinopathy is usually considered to be a disease of retinal blood vessels but is rarely thought of, in a wider sense, as a neurosensory disorder.
{"title":"Evaluation Of The Role Of Visual Evoked Potentials In Detecting Visual Impairment In Type II Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"R. Kothari, P. Bokariya, Smita Singh, Hemavaishnave Ts","doi":"10.7869/DJO.352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7869/DJO.352","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose:- : To investigate the visual evoked potentials in Type II diabetic patients in order to determine the alterations, if any, resulting from visual impairment due to diabetes mellitus (DM). Material & Methods:- The study was conducted in the Neurophysiology unit of the Department of Physiology of a rural medical college of Central India. The study population consisted of 30 patients diagnosed with Type II DM and 30 age matched controls after proper screening as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Both eyes of the two groups of the subjects were included in the study. Design:- Tertiary care rural hospital based, single time assessment, short term observational study. Methodology:- The stimulus configuration consisted of the transient pattern reversal method in which a black and white checker board is generated (full field) on a VEP Monitor by an electronic pattern regenerator inbuilt in an Evoked Potential Recorder. Results:- Mean age of Type 2 diabetic subjects was 58.21 ± 8.17 years and it was 54.48 ± 3.87 years in controls. Except N70 Latency of LE, there was a statistically significant difference between diabetic subjects and controls in terms of all the PRVEP parameters of both the eyes (P<0.001). The pathological VEP was recorded as significant prolongation of P100 latency and significant lower amplitude in diabetic patients compared to control group. A significant intra-ocular difference was observed in 20% cases. The differences between the three groups namely diabetics with diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetics without DR and controls using One-way ANOVA were statistically significant in terms of P100 and N155 latencies and P100 amplitude (P<0.001), with the exception of N70 latency. Conclusion:- P100 wave latencies were significantly delayed in the diabetic patients compared with the control subjects indicative of functional disturbances in the visual system related to glucose metabolism. Abstract neuropathy associated with DM, it is pertinent to expect dysfunction to occur along the visual pathway right from the retina. 5 Diabetic retinopathy is usually considered to be a disease of retinal blood vessels but is rarely thought of, in a wider sense, as a neurosensory disorder.","PeriodicalId":23047,"journal":{"name":"The Official Scientific Journal of Delhi Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82108123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose:- To determine the prevalence and pattern of ophthalmic manifestations in patients of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (ALL) presenting to a tertiary care centre in Western Rajasthan. Materials and Methods:- This cross-sectional non-interventional study was conducted from April 2015 to March 2016 to study the spectrum of ophthalmic manifestations in 110 acute leukaemia patients. Patient’s demographic data, medical and treatment history, anterior and posterior segment examination with haematological and radiological investigations were recorded. Results:- The study subjects (n = 110: 57 males and 53 females) comprised 64 ALL and 46 AML patients whose age ranged from 22 months to 58 years. There were 44 adults and 66 children. Leukemic ophthalmopathy was present in 61 (55.45%) subjects. Ocular changes were present in 30/44 (68.18%) adults and 31/66 (46.97%) children (P<0.04). Thirty four males (34/57, 59.65%) and 27/53 (50.94%) females had ocular manifestations (P<0.46). The leading posterior segment ophthalmic manifestation was superficial haemorrhage and the anterior segment manifestation was sub-conjunctival hemorrhage. Primary or direct leukemic infiltration was seen in 11 (10%) subjects while secondary or indirect involvement was seen in 60 (54.54%) subjects. Leukemic ophthalmopathy was more prevalent in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia in comparison to Acute Lymphoid Leukaemia, frequently affected the ocular posterior segment and often resulted from secondary hematologic complications (P <0.001). Conclusion:- Leukemic ophthalmic lesions were found in 61/110 (55.45%) patients. Ocular involvement is more often seen in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Early diagnosis and regular ophthalmic examinations are recommended to optimize diagnosis, prognostic and treatment outcomes of Acute Leukaemia patients.
{"title":"Ophthalmic Manifestations In Patients of Acute Leukaemia Presenting to A Tertiary Care Centre In Western Rajasthan","authors":"S. Kochar, Y. Singhal, J. Manohar, Kalpana Jain","doi":"10.7869/DJO.350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7869/DJO.350","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose:- To determine the prevalence and pattern of ophthalmic manifestations in patients of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (ALL) presenting to a tertiary care centre in Western Rajasthan. Materials and Methods:- This cross-sectional non-interventional study was conducted from April 2015 to March 2016 to study the spectrum of ophthalmic manifestations in 110 acute leukaemia patients. Patient’s demographic data, medical and treatment history, anterior and posterior segment examination with haematological and radiological investigations were recorded. Results:- The study subjects (n = 110: 57 males and 53 females) comprised 64 ALL and 46 AML patients whose age ranged from 22 months to 58 years. There were 44 adults and 66 children. Leukemic ophthalmopathy was present in 61 (55.45%) subjects. Ocular changes were present in 30/44 (68.18%) adults and 31/66 (46.97%) children (P<0.04). Thirty four males (34/57, 59.65%) and 27/53 (50.94%) females had ocular manifestations (P<0.46). The leading posterior segment ophthalmic manifestation was superficial haemorrhage and the anterior segment manifestation was sub-conjunctival hemorrhage. Primary or direct leukemic infiltration was seen in 11 (10%) subjects while secondary or indirect involvement was seen in 60 (54.54%) subjects. Leukemic ophthalmopathy was more prevalent in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia in comparison to Acute Lymphoid Leukaemia, frequently affected the ocular posterior segment and often resulted from secondary hematologic complications (P <0.001). Conclusion:- Leukemic ophthalmic lesions were found in 61/110 (55.45%) patients. Ocular involvement is more often seen in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Early diagnosis and regular ophthalmic examinations are recommended to optimize diagnosis, prognostic and treatment outcomes of Acute Leukaemia patients.","PeriodicalId":23047,"journal":{"name":"The Official Scientific Journal of Delhi Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87348735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Age related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of visual loss in the elderly, is emerging as an important public health problem due to the increase in the ageing population. Dry AMD which is the more prevalent form has no effective treatment and so efforts are directed to slow down or prevent progression of retinal changes by optimizing the risk, factors for AMD. Oxidative stress in the retina has been identified as an important predisposing factor which can be most efficiently modified by nutritional supplementation. Two large randomized controlled trials namely AREDS (Age related eye disease study) 1 and 2 provided high quality evidence to support the use of vitamins and micronutrients in preventing the progression of disease, especially in those with intermediate or advanced AMD. Supplementation with oral antioxidants soon became the standard of care for dry AMD, both due to its perceived universal benefit and its cost effectiveness. Though a wide range of antioxidants are available in the market, hardly any of them contain ingredients recommended by AREDS in the correct dosage. It is therefore important that ophthalmologists should be equipped with proper information regarding these products and advise the patients appropriately after considering their individual needs. A comprehensive list of antioxidants available in our country is included in this article which can be used as a reference to guide the patients. Physicians should be familiar with AREDS recommendations and should select patients appropriately. Patient education to improve compliance and counseling regarding life style modifications are also important in controlling this public health problem. interplay
{"title":"Dry Age Related Macular Degeneration – Oral Supplements, Which Combination and When ?","authors":"T. Lekha","doi":"10.7869/DJO.348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7869/DJO.348","url":null,"abstract":"Age related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of visual loss in the elderly, is emerging as an important public health problem due to the increase in the ageing population. Dry AMD which is the more prevalent form has no effective treatment and so efforts are directed to slow down or prevent progression of retinal changes by optimizing the risk, factors for AMD. Oxidative stress in the retina has been identified as an important predisposing factor which can be most efficiently modified by nutritional supplementation. Two large randomized controlled trials namely AREDS (Age related eye disease study) 1 and 2 provided high quality evidence to support the use of vitamins and micronutrients in preventing the progression of disease, especially in those with intermediate or advanced AMD. Supplementation with oral antioxidants soon became the standard of care for dry AMD, both due to its perceived universal benefit and its cost effectiveness. Though a wide range of antioxidants are available in the market, hardly any of them contain ingredients recommended by AREDS in the correct dosage. It is therefore important that ophthalmologists should be equipped with proper information regarding these products and advise the patients appropriately after considering their individual needs. A comprehensive list of antioxidants available in our country is included in this article which can be used as a reference to guide the patients. Physicians should be familiar with AREDS recommendations and should select patients appropriately. Patient education to improve compliance and counseling regarding life style modifications are also important in controlling this public health problem. interplay","PeriodicalId":23047,"journal":{"name":"The Official Scientific Journal of Delhi Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85421170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The legend that was","authors":"Ashok Kumar Grover","doi":"10.7869/DJO.346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7869/DJO.346","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23047,"journal":{"name":"The Official Scientific Journal of Delhi Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79721317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digital DJO : With you, For you, Always","authors":"B. Chawla","doi":"10.7869/djo.345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7869/djo.345","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23047,"journal":{"name":"The Official Scientific Journal of Delhi Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81994441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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