Pub Date : 2017-11-12DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333534
B. Madon, R. David, L. Pendleton, R. Garello, Ronan Fablet
Over the past few years, it has been shown that collisions with ships have become one of the major threats for whales. In order to reduce whale-ship strikes, we have started to develop schemes for identifying areas where whales are likely to be present in order to produce maps updated in real time for ships. Our case study is set in the Mediterranean Sea and our goal is to gather all the data available to improve our knowledge on whale distribution using machine learning techniques. The wide variety of data sources (e.g. very high resolution sensors onboard satellites, acoustical measurements, satellite tagging, direct reports from commercial ships, and social media along with streaming earth observation data) and the use of real time and streaming data will allow the development of high precision, real time maps of the likelihood of whale encounters. Our work seeks to dramatically improve the marine spatial effort by moving beyond ecological/environmental models to harness the full array of data and machine learning techniques. The driving idea is not to just create models of where strikes are likely to be, but to develop high resolution maps of probability of whale encounters in real time using all available data sources.
{"title":"Strike-alert: Towards real-time, high resolution navigational software for whale avoidance","authors":"B. Madon, R. David, L. Pendleton, R. Garello, Ronan Fablet","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333534","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past few years, it has been shown that collisions with ships have become one of the major threats for whales. In order to reduce whale-ship strikes, we have started to develop schemes for identifying areas where whales are likely to be present in order to produce maps updated in real time for ships. Our case study is set in the Mediterranean Sea and our goal is to gather all the data available to improve our knowledge on whale distribution using machine learning techniques. The wide variety of data sources (e.g. very high resolution sensors onboard satellites, acoustical measurements, satellite tagging, direct reports from commercial ships, and social media along with streaming earth observation data) and the use of real time and streaming data will allow the development of high precision, real time maps of the likelihood of whale encounters. Our work seeks to dramatically improve the marine spatial effort by moving beyond ecological/environmental models to harness the full array of data and machine learning techniques. The driving idea is not to just create models of where strikes are likely to be, but to develop high resolution maps of probability of whale encounters in real time using all available data sources.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133484394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333505
Seemita Pal, Brandon L. Thayer, Emily L. Barrett, Karen Studarus
In direct load control (DLC) programs, utilities can curtail the demand of participating loads to contractually agreed-upon levels during periods of critical peak load, thereby reducing stress on the system, generation cost, and required transmission and generation capacity. There may be a shift of load proportional to the interrupted load to the times before or after a DLC event, resulting in a new load profile shape characteristic of each program. However, the significant and unintuitive repercussions of DLC programs extend far beyond changes to load profile shape. Tools that can quantify the impacts of DLC programs on the bulk power system, including emissions, fossil fuel costs and required ramping are currently lacking. The Grid Project Impact Quantification (GridPIQ) screening tool includes a Direct Load Control module, which takes into account project-specific inputs and customer behavior, along with the larger system context in order to quantify the impacts of a given DLC program. This allows users (utilities, researchers, etc.) to quickly specify DLC programs and compare their impacts, informing program design and justification.
{"title":"Estimating the impacts of direct load control programs using GridPIQ, a web-based screening tool","authors":"Seemita Pal, Brandon L. Thayer, Emily L. Barrett, Karen Studarus","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333505","url":null,"abstract":"In direct load control (DLC) programs, utilities can curtail the demand of participating loads to contractually agreed-upon levels during periods of critical peak load, thereby reducing stress on the system, generation cost, and required transmission and generation capacity. There may be a shift of load proportional to the interrupted load to the times before or after a DLC event, resulting in a new load profile shape characteristic of each program. However, the significant and unintuitive repercussions of DLC programs extend far beyond changes to load profile shape. Tools that can quantify the impacts of DLC programs on the bulk power system, including emissions, fossil fuel costs and required ramping are currently lacking. The Grid Project Impact Quantification (GridPIQ) screening tool includes a Direct Load Control module, which takes into account project-specific inputs and customer behavior, along with the larger system context in order to quantify the impacts of a given DLC program. This allows users (utilities, researchers, etc.) to quickly specify DLC programs and compare their impacts, informing program design and justification.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124265136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333529
Salah S. Alharbi, Saleh S. Alharbi, A. M. S. Al-bayati, M. Matin
Growing demand for more efficient power converters, corresponding with increased renewable energy generation, is necessitating high performance semiconductor power devices. Though most power devices are currently made from silicon (Si), these devices are approaching their theoretical performance limits as they suffer from high conduction and switching losses under harsh operating conditions. Wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductors such as silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN) contain superior materials allowing power devices to operate efficiently at higher blocking voltages, switching frequencies, and junction temperatures. The objective of this research is to design a highly efficient non-isolated dc-dc buck-boost converter with a hybrid Cascode GaN-FET/SiC-Schottky diode power device for residential PV applications. The performance and efficiency of the converter with this combination of power devices is compared against a common Si-MOSFET/Si-diode. The switching behavior of each device is evaluated, as well as energy loss when the switch current is increased. Total power loss and efficiency are assessed at varying switching frequencies, output power levels, and load currents. The hybrid Cascode GaN-FET/SiC-Schottky diode improves the switching performance, reduces power loss, and increases the efficiency of the buck-boost converter.
随着可再生能源发电的增加，对更高效的电源转换器的需求不断增长，需要高性能的半导体功率器件。虽然目前大多数功率器件由硅(Si)制成，但这些器件在恶劣的工作条件下遭受高传导和开关损耗，正在接近其理论性能极限。宽带隙(WBG)半导体，如碳化硅(SiC)和氮化镓(GaN)包含优越的材料，允许功率器件在更高的阻断电压、开关频率和结温下有效地工作。本研究的目的是设计一种高效的非隔离dc-dc降压-升压转换器，采用混合Cascode GaN-FET/ sic -肖特基二极管功率器件，用于住宅光伏应用。将这种功率器件组合的变换器的性能和效率与普通Si-MOSFET/ si -二极管进行比较。评估了每个器件的开关行为，以及开关电流增加时的能量损失。在不同的开关频率、输出功率水平和负载电流下评估总功率损耗和效率。混合Cascode GaN-FET/ sic -肖特基二极管提高了开关性能，降低了功率损耗，并提高了降压-升压转换器的效率。
{"title":"A highly efficient non-isolated DC-DC buck-boost converter with a cascode GaN-FET and SiC-Schottky diode","authors":"Salah S. Alharbi, Saleh S. Alharbi, A. M. S. Al-bayati, M. Matin","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333529","url":null,"abstract":"Growing demand for more efficient power converters, corresponding with increased renewable energy generation, is necessitating high performance semiconductor power devices. Though most power devices are currently made from silicon (Si), these devices are approaching their theoretical performance limits as they suffer from high conduction and switching losses under harsh operating conditions. Wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductors such as silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN) contain superior materials allowing power devices to operate efficiently at higher blocking voltages, switching frequencies, and junction temperatures. The objective of this research is to design a highly efficient non-isolated dc-dc buck-boost converter with a hybrid Cascode GaN-FET/SiC-Schottky diode power device for residential PV applications. The performance and efficiency of the converter with this combination of power devices is compared against a common Si-MOSFET/Si-diode. The switching behavior of each device is evaluated, as well as energy loss when the switch current is increased. Total power loss and efficiency are assessed at varying switching frequencies, output power levels, and load currents. The hybrid Cascode GaN-FET/SiC-Schottky diode improves the switching performance, reduces power loss, and increases the efficiency of the buck-boost converter.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129229522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333473
C. Jackson
When new technologies emerge, some early applications become unsustainable, unendurable, and fade away. This article will describe three models for sustainable 3D printing applications based on early musical instruments. Examples of renaissance woodwinds will be described, including a cornetto, a crumhorn, a fife, a bocal for a large recorder, and a recorder tuned to A=415 instead of 440 Hz. The model will be applied to an example of how 3D printing can support green technology and how the green product can be an endurable product.
{"title":"Sustainability models for 3D printed woodwinds","authors":"C. Jackson","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333473","url":null,"abstract":"When new technologies emerge, some early applications become unsustainable, unendurable, and fade away. This article will describe three models for sustainable 3D printing applications based on early musical instruments. Examples of renaissance woodwinds will be described, including a cornetto, a crumhorn, a fife, a bocal for a large recorder, and a recorder tuned to A=415 instead of 440 Hz. The model will be applied to an example of how 3D printing can support green technology and how the green product can be an endurable product.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123379727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333478
J. Knapp, M. Middleton, P. Heinrich, A. Whipple, P. Flikkema
Improved understanding of the effects of climate and weather patterns on plant survival and growth is critical for improving management of wildland, rangeland, and crop ecosystems. The Southwest Experimental Garden Array (SEGA) is a distributed research instrument comprising of an array of 10 common gardens across an elevational gradient in Northern Arizona. SEGA's cyber infrastructure facilitates monitoring and control of soil moisture at experimental plots using drip irrigation and wireless sensor/actuator nodes. This paper describes development of software-based workflows for the sensing and control of soil moisture conditions across experimental plots and gardens with different temperature and rainfall regimes, and the necessary hardware and software infrastructure to support this capability.
{"title":"Support of distributed ecological experiments via closed-loop environmental control","authors":"J. Knapp, M. Middleton, P. Heinrich, A. Whipple, P. Flikkema","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333478","url":null,"abstract":"Improved understanding of the effects of climate and weather patterns on plant survival and growth is critical for improving management of wildland, rangeland, and crop ecosystems. The Southwest Experimental Garden Array (SEGA) is a distributed research instrument comprising of an array of 10 common gardens across an elevational gradient in Northern Arizona. SEGA's cyber infrastructure facilitates monitoring and control of soil moisture at experimental plots using drip irrigation and wireless sensor/actuator nodes. This paper describes development of software-based workflows for the sensing and control of soil moisture conditions across experimental plots and gardens with different temperature and rainfall regimes, and the necessary hardware and software infrastructure to support this capability.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116335811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333518
S. Kahrobaee, Ali Halimi, B. Falahati, S. Asgarpoor
Today's power system is becoming more dependent on distributed energy resources as well as communication and control technologies empowering higher grid reliability, resiliency, and energy efficiency. Along with these modifications, precise calculation of reliability, at both equipment and system level, plays an essential role to determine the future power grid dependability and identify the areas where the reliability can be improved. The reliability of power system has long been calculated using different analytical and simulation-based methods. However, due to the large scale of power systems interconnecting thousands of electrical equipment and probabilistic nature of the failures, reliability assessment methods for electrical systems usually involve many assumptions and simplifications. This paper proposes a new analytical reliability assessment method based on Laplace Transform which calculates the reliability indices more accurately. The method and results will be explained using different case studies, such as a wind turbine and a distribution power system.
{"title":"Reliability analysis of power system using a frequency domain analytical method","authors":"S. Kahrobaee, Ali Halimi, B. Falahati, S. Asgarpoor","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333518","url":null,"abstract":"Today's power system is becoming more dependent on distributed energy resources as well as communication and control technologies empowering higher grid reliability, resiliency, and energy efficiency. Along with these modifications, precise calculation of reliability, at both equipment and system level, plays an essential role to determine the future power grid dependability and identify the areas where the reliability can be improved. The reliability of power system has long been calculated using different analytical and simulation-based methods. However, due to the large scale of power systems interconnecting thousands of electrical equipment and probabilistic nature of the failures, reliability assessment methods for electrical systems usually involve many assumptions and simplifications. This paper proposes a new analytical reliability assessment method based on Laplace Transform which calculates the reliability indices more accurately. The method and results will be explained using different case studies, such as a wind turbine and a distribution power system.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126433295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/sustech.2017.8333511
Daniel Schwahlen, J. Fey, Christoph Nieß, M. Reimann, U. Handmann
Serious accidents with property damage or even human casualties, result from structural flaws in wind turbine rotor blades. Common maintenance practices result in long downtimes and do not lead to the required results. Therefore, the Ruhr West University of Applied Sciences and the iQbis Consulting GmbH, currently research a new structural health monitoring method for wind turbine rotor blades. The goal of this project is to build a sensor system that can detect structural weaknesses inside of rotor blades without the need of downtime for industrial climbers. This technology has the potential to prevent accidents, save lives, extend the useful life of wind turbines and optimize the production of green energy.
{"title":"Increasing economic viability and safety through structural health monitoring of wind turbines","authors":"Daniel Schwahlen, J. Fey, Christoph Nieß, M. Reimann, U. Handmann","doi":"10.1109/sustech.2017.8333511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sustech.2017.8333511","url":null,"abstract":"Serious accidents with property damage or even human casualties, result from structural flaws in wind turbine rotor blades. Common maintenance practices result in long downtimes and do not lead to the required results. Therefore, the Ruhr West University of Applied Sciences and the iQbis Consulting GmbH, currently research a new structural health monitoring method for wind turbine rotor blades. The goal of this project is to build a sensor system that can detect structural weaknesses inside of rotor blades without the need of downtime for industrial climbers. This technology has the potential to prevent accidents, save lives, extend the useful life of wind turbines and optimize the production of green energy.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134344873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333536
Bharat Chetry, A. Carvalho, Rui Brito
Microgrid is one of the suitable answers to handle the challenge of electricity demand and supply imbalance by integrating Renewable Energy Sources (RES) to the main grid without redesigning the distribution system. However, increased penetration of RES in the conventional power system has led to new challenges as well, such as loss of inertia, low short circuit ratio, difficulty in reactive power support, the problem of storage in islanded condition, which need to be handled properly. Among other challenges, the reactive power sharing is one of the major problems in a Microgrid that leads to the voltage limit violation and increase in losses. This paper proposes a new methodology to control the reactive power through the distributed approach by measuring locally the change in the Thevenin equivalent impedance across the terminals of Voltage Source Converter (VSC) due to the change in the load. A vector control in dq frame of reference by decoupling the active and reactive power is implemented by fixing the active power support from the VSC. The reactive power demand is computed based on the impedance seen by the controller at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC). This distributed approach has been implemented in a power system with Microgrid using PSIM simulation platform.
{"title":"A novel distributed approach based reactive power support in microgrids","authors":"Bharat Chetry, A. Carvalho, Rui Brito","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333536","url":null,"abstract":"Microgrid is one of the suitable answers to handle the challenge of electricity demand and supply imbalance by integrating Renewable Energy Sources (RES) to the main grid without redesigning the distribution system. However, increased penetration of RES in the conventional power system has led to new challenges as well, such as loss of inertia, low short circuit ratio, difficulty in reactive power support, the problem of storage in islanded condition, which need to be handled properly. Among other challenges, the reactive power sharing is one of the major problems in a Microgrid that leads to the voltage limit violation and increase in losses. This paper proposes a new methodology to control the reactive power through the distributed approach by measuring locally the change in the Thevenin equivalent impedance across the terminals of Voltage Source Converter (VSC) due to the change in the load. A vector control in dq frame of reference by decoupling the active and reactive power is implemented by fixing the active power support from the VSC. The reactive power demand is computed based on the impedance seen by the controller at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC). This distributed approach has been implemented in a power system with Microgrid using PSIM simulation platform.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115454246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333532
C. Monjardin, F. A. Uy, F. J. Tan, F. Cruz
Water usage monitoring has been the main function of National Water Resources Board (NWRB), it covers all the activity in the country that makes use of water. They are the ones implementing rules and regulation on the usage of water for water supply, irrigation and especially for power generation. Agno river basin is one of the largest watershed here in the Philippines, inside the watershed are the three cascading dams namely: Ambuklao, Binga and San Roque with the main purpose of electricity generation. Monitoring of dams is a challenging task to NWRB since they cannot visit the area every time they just rely on the report submitted by the dam operators quarterly but they do not have any basis how accurate the data in the report was. And in terms of disaster management, concerned agencies such as National Power Corporation (NPC) and Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) lack data to assess more effectively potential scenarios since data gathered on-site were not enough to predict the amount of water that might enter the reservoir. With these problems, Automated Real-time Monitoring System (ARMS) of hydrological parameters, which is an integrated watershed management approach using smart technologies was developed to install wireless sensors along the Agno river basin to monitor water availability in reservoir which is the mandate of NWRB. Wireless sensors composed of hydrologic parameters such as rainfall, temperature, atmospheric pressure, soil moisture, wind speed and evaporation were installed in the area of Agno with data transmitted in real-time to the office of NWRB for monitoring. These data helped the NWRB and dam operators in making smart decisions regarding dam operation specifically in the utilization of water. And with respect to disaster management, NPC and PAGASA now have concrete basis for every decisions they are making because of these gathered data in real-time. Also with this, NWRB could update their monitoring procedures/protocols for a more efficient operation of the dams. These sensors are locally developed to ensure cost-effective ARMS for watersheds in the Philippines.
{"title":"Automated Real-time Monitoring System (ARMS) of hydrological parameters for Ambuklao, Binga and San Roque dams cascade in Luzon Island, Philippines","authors":"C. Monjardin, F. A. Uy, F. J. Tan, F. Cruz","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333532","url":null,"abstract":"Water usage monitoring has been the main function of National Water Resources Board (NWRB), it covers all the activity in the country that makes use of water. They are the ones implementing rules and regulation on the usage of water for water supply, irrigation and especially for power generation. Agno river basin is one of the largest watershed here in the Philippines, inside the watershed are the three cascading dams namely: Ambuklao, Binga and San Roque with the main purpose of electricity generation. Monitoring of dams is a challenging task to NWRB since they cannot visit the area every time they just rely on the report submitted by the dam operators quarterly but they do not have any basis how accurate the data in the report was. And in terms of disaster management, concerned agencies such as National Power Corporation (NPC) and Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) lack data to assess more effectively potential scenarios since data gathered on-site were not enough to predict the amount of water that might enter the reservoir. With these problems, Automated Real-time Monitoring System (ARMS) of hydrological parameters, which is an integrated watershed management approach using smart technologies was developed to install wireless sensors along the Agno river basin to monitor water availability in reservoir which is the mandate of NWRB. Wireless sensors composed of hydrologic parameters such as rainfall, temperature, atmospheric pressure, soil moisture, wind speed and evaporation were installed in the area of Agno with data transmitted in real-time to the office of NWRB for monitoring. These data helped the NWRB and dam operators in making smart decisions regarding dam operation specifically in the utilization of water. And with respect to disaster management, NPC and PAGASA now have concrete basis for every decisions they are making because of these gathered data in real-time. Also with this, NWRB could update their monitoring procedures/protocols for a more efficient operation of the dams. These sensors are locally developed to ensure cost-effective ARMS for watersheds in the Philippines.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123701386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333475
Moira Hafer, Wes Howley, Mindy Chang, Kristin Ho, J. Tsau, H. Razavi
Plug loads, defined as devices plugged into the wall outlet, comprise an average of 33% of a commercial building's total energy expenditure. Existing management technologies have overlooked the effects of building occupants on plug load usage. This study presents the results of a pilot deployment of a new plug load management technology by Keewi Inc. with active occupant engagement and automation technologies. 71 Electronic devices of 12 different equipment types belonging to 20 occupants working at offices of 3 recreation buildings at Stanford University were evaluated. For each device, a smart plug was used to 1) measure energy consumption (kWh) over time, and 2) turn off devices when not in use, leading to energy savings. The Keewi mobile application was used to enable participants to view their consumption, remotely control devices, set schedules, and engage in gamification strategies with points, rewards and competitions. The study included 27 days of baseline monitoring followed by 54 days of interventions, which resulted in savings of 21% in average daily consumption. The highest levels of savings were observed for speakers, shared printers and TVs. High occupant satisfaction was recorded with an average score of 7.1 (on a scale from 0–10) for increased knowledge of and engagement in energy saving activities due to the use of the technology. Occupant engagement is an effective strategy for plug load management that results in significant energy savings, high occupant satisfaction and the development of good energy stewards. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the effects in other settings.
{"title":"Occupant engagement leads to substantial energy savings for plug loads","authors":"Moira Hafer, Wes Howley, Mindy Chang, Kristin Ho, J. Tsau, H. Razavi","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333475","url":null,"abstract":"Plug loads, defined as devices plugged into the wall outlet, comprise an average of 33% of a commercial building's total energy expenditure. Existing management technologies have overlooked the effects of building occupants on plug load usage. This study presents the results of a pilot deployment of a new plug load management technology by Keewi Inc. with active occupant engagement and automation technologies. 71 Electronic devices of 12 different equipment types belonging to 20 occupants working at offices of 3 recreation buildings at Stanford University were evaluated. For each device, a smart plug was used to 1) measure energy consumption (kWh) over time, and 2) turn off devices when not in use, leading to energy savings. The Keewi mobile application was used to enable participants to view their consumption, remotely control devices, set schedules, and engage in gamification strategies with points, rewards and competitions. The study included 27 days of baseline monitoring followed by 54 days of interventions, which resulted in savings of 21% in average daily consumption. The highest levels of savings were observed for speakers, shared printers and TVs. High occupant satisfaction was recorded with an average score of 7.1 (on a scale from 0–10) for increased knowledge of and engagement in energy saving activities due to the use of the technology. Occupant engagement is an effective strategy for plug load management that results in significant energy savings, high occupant satisfaction and the development of good energy stewards. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the effects in other settings.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130395071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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