Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333540
Babak Barazandeh, Mohammadhussein Rafieisakhaei
The economy of oil-exporting Middle Eastern countries is heavily dependent on the oil market. Therefore, any fluctuation of the oil market impacts their economy, often, causing volatile conditions. Iran as one of the important and influential countries in the Middle East has suffered the most from these volatilities. As a member of the Organization for Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), Iran's oil production is roughly four percent of the world's daily production. Although the economy of Iran has been under severe sanctions for years, the intensified sanctions on Iran's oil and energy sector between 2012 and 2016 caused extreme volatility in all its economic sectors due to the large oil-dependency in the entirety of the economy. Manufacturing companies of Iran, such as car producing companies, which are among the largest of their kinds in the Middle East, were no exception. During the sanctions period, the prices jumped rapidly and kept increasing continuously. The price volatility forced companies to start investing on sustainable solutions and rely mostly on domestic producers. Besides, the government started negotiations to relieve from the sanctions on industries which lead to the agreement with P5+1 that is referred as JCPOA. These strategies have recently shown its effectiveness in stabilizing the prices and making sustainable production. In this paper, we first investigate the details of the mechanisms involved in all these transitions and explain the causal loops governing the changes. Then, we propose a system dynamics based model for a car industry including the necessary parameters specific to Iran's car industry. Then we simulate the model to investigate the effects of various parameters on the car prices changes. In a scenario, we inspect the effect of JCPOA on the long-run stabilization of the prices. This paper's results can be used in evaluating the effect of regulatory policies on the sustainability of an auto industry, in particular, Iran's car market.
{"title":"A system dynamics model of the auto industry: Case study on sustainability of Iran's car market","authors":"Babak Barazandeh, Mohammadhussein Rafieisakhaei","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333540","url":null,"abstract":"The economy of oil-exporting Middle Eastern countries is heavily dependent on the oil market. Therefore, any fluctuation of the oil market impacts their economy, often, causing volatile conditions. Iran as one of the important and influential countries in the Middle East has suffered the most from these volatilities. As a member of the Organization for Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), Iran's oil production is roughly four percent of the world's daily production. Although the economy of Iran has been under severe sanctions for years, the intensified sanctions on Iran's oil and energy sector between 2012 and 2016 caused extreme volatility in all its economic sectors due to the large oil-dependency in the entirety of the economy. Manufacturing companies of Iran, such as car producing companies, which are among the largest of their kinds in the Middle East, were no exception. During the sanctions period, the prices jumped rapidly and kept increasing continuously. The price volatility forced companies to start investing on sustainable solutions and rely mostly on domestic producers. Besides, the government started negotiations to relieve from the sanctions on industries which lead to the agreement with P5+1 that is referred as JCPOA. These strategies have recently shown its effectiveness in stabilizing the prices and making sustainable production. In this paper, we first investigate the details of the mechanisms involved in all these transitions and explain the causal loops governing the changes. Then, we propose a system dynamics based model for a car industry including the necessary parameters specific to Iran's car industry. Then we simulate the model to investigate the effects of various parameters on the car prices changes. In a scenario, we inspect the effect of JCPOA on the long-run stabilization of the prices. This paper's results can be used in evaluating the effect of regulatory policies on the sustainability of an auto industry, in particular, Iran's car market.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123749965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333517
A. Torkan, M. Ehsani
The increasing attention to the man-made climate change has initiated an extensive effort on the possible solutions of controlling its pace. Replacing the carbon-heavy fossil fuels with cleaner energy resources provides an amenable solution in subdue. However, the cost of utilizing the most environment-friendly resources, such as solar power systems has been generally high. In particular, the low-voltage output of solar panels and fuel-cells require high voltage gain dc-dc converters in order to boost the output voltage to the levels that meet the inverters' required voltage. Z-source converters provide a highly efficient solution to reduce the cost of high step-up applications. It also offers numerous advantages, such as high voltage gain, clamped switch voltage, isolation of energy source from the load and positive polarity for output voltage. This paper analyzes the cost reduction advantages of a non-isolated z-source-based dc-dc converter in a photovoltaic application. In particular, we focus on a proposed high step-up converter and analyze its key advantages in a comparison with the previous solutions. Moreover, we discuss with a data-analytic approach on the possible impacts of this solution on the increased utilization of solar power systems in residential applications.
{"title":"Cost analysis of an improved Z-source-based power processing system for photo-voltaic applications","authors":"A. Torkan, M. Ehsani","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333517","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing attention to the man-made climate change has initiated an extensive effort on the possible solutions of controlling its pace. Replacing the carbon-heavy fossil fuels with cleaner energy resources provides an amenable solution in subdue. However, the cost of utilizing the most environment-friendly resources, such as solar power systems has been generally high. In particular, the low-voltage output of solar panels and fuel-cells require high voltage gain dc-dc converters in order to boost the output voltage to the levels that meet the inverters' required voltage. Z-source converters provide a highly efficient solution to reduce the cost of high step-up applications. It also offers numerous advantages, such as high voltage gain, clamped switch voltage, isolation of energy source from the load and positive polarity for output voltage. This paper analyzes the cost reduction advantages of a non-isolated z-source-based dc-dc converter in a photovoltaic application. In particular, we focus on a proposed high step-up converter and analyze its key advantages in a comparison with the previous solutions. Moreover, we discuss with a data-analytic approach on the possible impacts of this solution on the increased utilization of solar power systems in residential applications.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124013690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333531
A. Brissette, J. Carr, P. Juneau
Building energy efficiency improvements are often achieved by using a building automation system (BAS) to control the environmental and comfort conditions in a building, especially the climate (i.e., temperature, humidity, etc.). The traditional method for achieving energy savings through temperature control is by scheduling the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) units using the BAS. Care must be taken to ensure that energy savings are achieved without sacrificing occupant comfort, but validating comfort is a challenge, and metrics for comfort are generally chosen ad hoc in the development of HVAC controls. This paper explores HVAC control methods and the potential impact they may have on comfort; approaches to quantifying comfort; and research directions that may provide solutions to the comfort problem.
{"title":"The occupant comfort challenge of building energy savings through HVAC control","authors":"A. Brissette, J. Carr, P. Juneau","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333531","url":null,"abstract":"Building energy efficiency improvements are often achieved by using a building automation system (BAS) to control the environmental and comfort conditions in a building, especially the climate (i.e., temperature, humidity, etc.). The traditional method for achieving energy savings through temperature control is by scheduling the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) units using the BAS. Care must be taken to ensure that energy savings are achieved without sacrificing occupant comfort, but validating comfort is a challenge, and metrics for comfort are generally chosen ad hoc in the development of HVAC controls. This paper explores HVAC control methods and the potential impact they may have on comfort; approaches to quantifying comfort; and research directions that may provide solutions to the comfort problem.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130914521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333533
A. Tehrani, H. Karbasi
In this study, a technique which combines hyper-spectral imaging technology and a neural networks-based algorithm has been introduced for identification and separation of different types of e-waste plastics (e-plastics). Although recent technological developments in computing power allows for the handling of big data in a relatively reasonable time, a manageable number of neurons must be utilized in order to realize real-time sorting applications for plastic recycling. A successful result to identify three different common types of e-plastics with a very high rate of accuracy has been presented. The result has been achieved using a special designed Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) algorithm and hyper-spectral signature of those plastics. The promising result will pave a road to address the shortcomings of current e-plastic sorting technologies in terms of efficiency and reliability.
{"title":"A novel integration of hyper-spectral imaging and neural networks to process waste electrical and electronic plastics","authors":"A. Tehrani, H. Karbasi","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333533","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a technique which combines hyper-spectral imaging technology and a neural networks-based algorithm has been introduced for identification and separation of different types of e-waste plastics (e-plastics). Although recent technological developments in computing power allows for the handling of big data in a relatively reasonable time, a manageable number of neurons must be utilized in order to realize real-time sorting applications for plastic recycling. A successful result to identify three different common types of e-plastics with a very high rate of accuracy has been presented. The result has been achieved using a special designed Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) algorithm and hyper-spectral signature of those plastics. The promising result will pave a road to address the shortcomings of current e-plastic sorting technologies in terms of efficiency and reliability.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"20 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114101752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333510
Joseph Decuir, P. Michael
Beneficial public engineering standards meld market needs and engineering expertise. They also codify sound design, embrace legacy systems, and frequently include testing specifications for quality. These standards then attract companies to implement solutions, promote market development, and lower costs. The draft IEEE 2030.10 standard targets sustainable DC off-grid and remote power, in both the developed and developing world. In much of the developing world, the investments needed to supply standard wired AC power remain financially unfeasible. IEEE Smart Grid community, with contributions from IEEE Smart Village, has assembled a team defining engineering standards for DC Microgrids. This paper will address the market needs that are understood, the plan for assembling the technical, including testing standards. The planned architecture includes a scalable network of sources, storage, power management and loads. The architecture can support a home, a network of homes, and joint use buildings. The working group needs: standards development engineers, marketing support and manufacturers to implement the resulting products.
{"title":"Draft IEEE standard for DC microgrids for rural and remote electricity access applications","authors":"Joseph Decuir, P. Michael","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333510","url":null,"abstract":"Beneficial public engineering standards meld market needs and engineering expertise. They also codify sound design, embrace legacy systems, and frequently include testing specifications for quality. These standards then attract companies to implement solutions, promote market development, and lower costs. The draft IEEE 2030.10 standard targets sustainable DC off-grid and remote power, in both the developed and developing world. In much of the developing world, the investments needed to supply standard wired AC power remain financially unfeasible. IEEE Smart Grid community, with contributions from IEEE Smart Village, has assembled a team defining engineering standards for DC Microgrids. This paper will address the market needs that are understood, the plan for assembling the technical, including testing standards. The planned architecture includes a scalable network of sources, storage, power management and loads. The architecture can support a home, a network of homes, and joint use buildings. The working group needs: standards development engineers, marketing support and manufacturers to implement the resulting products.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130247543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333520
A. Makhmalbaf, D. Hammerstrom, Qiuhua Huang, Yingying Tang
Transactive energy (TE) systems support both economic and technical objectives of a power system including efficiency and reliability. TE systems utilize value-driven mechanisms to coordinate and balance responsive supply and demand in the power system. Economic performance of TE systems cannot be assessed without estimating their value. Estimating the potential value of transactive energy systems requires a systematic valuation methodology that can capture value exchanges among different stakeholders (i.e., actors) and ultimately estimate impact of one TE design and compare it against another one. Such a methodology can help decision makers choose the alternative that results in preferred outcomes. This paper presents a valuation methodology developed to assess value of TE systems. A TE use-case example is discussed, and metrics identified in the valuation process are quantified using a TE simulation program.
{"title":"Valuation diagramming and accounting of transactive energy systems","authors":"A. Makhmalbaf, D. Hammerstrom, Qiuhua Huang, Yingying Tang","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333520","url":null,"abstract":"Transactive energy (TE) systems support both economic and technical objectives of a power system including efficiency and reliability. TE systems utilize value-driven mechanisms to coordinate and balance responsive supply and demand in the power system. Economic performance of TE systems cannot be assessed without estimating their value. Estimating the potential value of transactive energy systems requires a systematic valuation methodology that can capture value exchanges among different stakeholders (i.e., actors) and ultimately estimate impact of one TE design and compare it against another one. Such a methodology can help decision makers choose the alternative that results in preferred outcomes. This paper presents a valuation methodology developed to assess value of TE systems. A TE use-case example is discussed, and metrics identified in the valuation process are quantified using a TE simulation program.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122633462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/sustech.2017.8333472
Biao Jiang, Christian F. Huacón
Due to the advancement in technology and increase in economic growth, environmental pollution has become rampant throughout metropolitan cities. Thus, the purpose of this research is based on designing a low-cost, cloud-based smart device named Cloud-based Environment Monitoring Smart Device (CEMSD) that monitors different environmental parameters such as air quality, noise, temperature and humidity. To build the CEMSD, the Raspberry Pi 3 (RPi 3) Model B is used and thus a microprocessor along with DHT11 temperature-humidity sensor, Grove-Loudness sensor, Shinyei PPD42NS particle matter (PM) Grove dust sensor, COZIR Wide Range 100% Carbon Dioxide (CO2) sensor and the MQ131 Ozone (O3) Gas sensor. The CEMSD collects and sends data from targeted measurement locations through wireless network or cellular network to a cloud server, where data is stored, processed and can be accessed using a computer or any smart device. The utilization of social media is also involved once the CEMSD environmental index exceeds the threshold. Subscribed user receives notification from social media such as Facebook or twitter to avoid the exposure to severe environmental condition. The CEMSD can be integrated into the making of Smart Cities which would help reduce level of pollution, save energy and provide an overall living environment enhancement.
{"title":"Cloud-based smart device for environment monitoring","authors":"Biao Jiang, Christian F. Huacón","doi":"10.1109/sustech.2017.8333472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sustech.2017.8333472","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the advancement in technology and increase in economic growth, environmental pollution has become rampant throughout metropolitan cities. Thus, the purpose of this research is based on designing a low-cost, cloud-based smart device named Cloud-based Environment Monitoring Smart Device (CEMSD) that monitors different environmental parameters such as air quality, noise, temperature and humidity. To build the CEMSD, the Raspberry Pi 3 (RPi 3) Model B is used and thus a microprocessor along with DHT11 temperature-humidity sensor, Grove-Loudness sensor, Shinyei PPD42NS particle matter (PM) Grove dust sensor, COZIR Wide Range 100% Carbon Dioxide (CO2) sensor and the MQ131 Ozone (O3) Gas sensor. The CEMSD collects and sends data from targeted measurement locations through wireless network or cellular network to a cloud server, where data is stored, processed and can be accessed using a computer or any smart device. The utilization of social media is also involved once the CEMSD environmental index exceeds the threshold. Subscribed user receives notification from social media such as Facebook or twitter to avoid the exposure to severe environmental condition. The CEMSD can be integrated into the making of Smart Cities which would help reduce level of pollution, save energy and provide an overall living environment enhancement.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123185599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/sustech.2017.8333535
Youngil Kim, Junda Zhao, Sungjin Kim, R. Harrington
Solar Photo Voltaic(PV) is one of the hottest trends of residential applications due to the increasing concerns about environmental sustainability and adopted feed-in tariffs in many countries. However, rooftop PV generates unstable output due to load variation and solar irradiation due to clouds and rain. To overcome this problem, this paper investigates operation mode control for residential housing which consists of the rooftop solar PV and Battery Energy Storage System(BESS) which could be regulated by a Charging/Discharging Controller incorporated into a power management strategy. It could operate on the DC-AC Converter which depends on the State of Charge (SOC%), real time of resident load, and real time Solar PV panel generation. The proposed strategy not only supports the grid power stability due to demand of the residential house loads but also compensates impacts of solar variations by passing clouds and other causes. This design and simulation output was verified by PSCAD/EMTDC Software.
{"title":"Power management strategy for residential housing connected to the rooftop solar PV","authors":"Youngil Kim, Junda Zhao, Sungjin Kim, R. Harrington","doi":"10.1109/sustech.2017.8333535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sustech.2017.8333535","url":null,"abstract":"Solar Photo Voltaic(PV) is one of the hottest trends of residential applications due to the increasing concerns about environmental sustainability and adopted feed-in tariffs in many countries. However, rooftop PV generates unstable output due to load variation and solar irradiation due to clouds and rain. To overcome this problem, this paper investigates operation mode control for residential housing which consists of the rooftop solar PV and Battery Energy Storage System(BESS) which could be regulated by a Charging/Discharging Controller incorporated into a power management strategy. It could operate on the DC-AC Converter which depends on the State of Charge (SOC%), real time of resident load, and real time Solar PV panel generation. The proposed strategy not only supports the grid power stability due to demand of the residential house loads but also compensates impacts of solar variations by passing clouds and other causes. This design and simulation output was verified by PSCAD/EMTDC Software.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129427632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333528
Peng Hao, Chao Wang, Guoyuan Wu, K. Boriboonsomsin, M. Barth
Traffic congestion at arterial intersections and freeway bottleneck degrades the air quality and threatens the public health. Conventionally, air pollutant are monitored by sparsely-distributed Quality Assurance Air Monitoring Sites. Sparse mobile crowd-sourced data, such as cellular network data and GPS data, provide an alternative approach to evaluate the environmental impact of traffic congestion. This research establishes a framework for traffic-related air pollution evaluation using sparse mobile data and PeMS data. The proposed framework integrates traffic state model, emission model (EMFAC) and dispersion model (AERMOD). It develops an effective tool to evaluate the environmental impact of traffic congestion in an accurate, timely and economic way. The proposed model is applicable to varying traffic conditions and multiple transport modes on either urban arterial or freeways. The proposed system will provide suggestions to the transportation operator and public health officials to alleviate the risk of air pollutant, and can serve as a platform for other potential applications, such as eco-routing and eco-signal timing.
{"title":"Evaluating the environmental impact of traffic congestion based on sparse mobile crowd-sourced data","authors":"Peng Hao, Chao Wang, Guoyuan Wu, K. Boriboonsomsin, M. Barth","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333528","url":null,"abstract":"Traffic congestion at arterial intersections and freeway bottleneck degrades the air quality and threatens the public health. Conventionally, air pollutant are monitored by sparsely-distributed Quality Assurance Air Monitoring Sites. Sparse mobile crowd-sourced data, such as cellular network data and GPS data, provide an alternative approach to evaluate the environmental impact of traffic congestion. This research establishes a framework for traffic-related air pollution evaluation using sparse mobile data and PeMS data. The proposed framework integrates traffic state model, emission model (EMFAC) and dispersion model (AERMOD). It develops an effective tool to evaluate the environmental impact of traffic congestion in an accurate, timely and economic way. The proposed model is applicable to varying traffic conditions and multiple transport modes on either urban arterial or freeways. The proposed system will provide suggestions to the transportation operator and public health officials to alleviate the risk of air pollutant, and can serve as a platform for other potential applications, such as eco-routing and eco-signal timing.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134325585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333522
J. Benjamin, D. Kaplan
Evapotranspiration (ET) is a critical component of the global water cycle, but one that is difficult to estimate due in part to a lack of accurate and affordable sensor technology. One low-cost approach to measuring site-specific ET in areas where the water table is close to the surface is to take advantage of the diurnal fluctuations in surface water and groundwater driven by ET. This method requires highly sensitive measurement to accurately quantify water table variation. The goal of this work is to develop and test a laser-based water level sensor (LB-WLS) to improve the estimate of ET via diurnal variations in water level. The LB-WLS was compared against traditional total pressure transducers (TPT) in both laboratory and remote settings. The LB-WLS was found to have lower residual noise, with an average Root Square Error (RSE) of 0.05±0.04 cm, compared to 0.19±0.16 cm for the TPT sensor. While sensor development is ongoing, this level of performance represents a major improvement in fine-scale monitoring of surface water and groundwater.
{"title":"Development of a laser-based water level sensor for fine-scale ecohydrological measurements","authors":"J. Benjamin, D. Kaplan","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333522","url":null,"abstract":"Evapotranspiration (ET) is a critical component of the global water cycle, but one that is difficult to estimate due in part to a lack of accurate and affordable sensor technology. One low-cost approach to measuring site-specific ET in areas where the water table is close to the surface is to take advantage of the diurnal fluctuations in surface water and groundwater driven by ET. This method requires highly sensitive measurement to accurately quantify water table variation. The goal of this work is to develop and test a laser-based water level sensor (LB-WLS) to improve the estimate of ET via diurnal variations in water level. The LB-WLS was compared against traditional total pressure transducers (TPT) in both laboratory and remote settings. The LB-WLS was found to have lower residual noise, with an average Root Square Error (RSE) of 0.05±0.04 cm, compared to 0.19±0.16 cm for the TPT sensor. While sensor development is ongoing, this level of performance represents a major improvement in fine-scale monitoring of surface water and groundwater.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117160448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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