{"title":"CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS: CONSTITUTION.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23186,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33487384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EUGENE A. \"PAT\" HILDRETH: 1924 - 2018.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23186,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33487740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"JEREMIAH METZGER LECTURES.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23186,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33503689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The striking association of specific autoantibodies with distinct disease phenotypes and trajectories in human autoimmune rheumatic diseases provides a powerful opportunity to interrogate disease mechanism. In scleroderma, a subgroup of patients with autoantibodies to POLR3 have coincident onset of cancer and scleroderma. The majority of these patients have genetic changes (somatic mutations and loss of heterozygosity) in the POLR3A gene in their matched cancers, coupled with immune responses directed against the mutated and wild type autoantigen. In some individuals with scleroderma or dermatomyositis where specific immune responses mark a high risk of emergent cancer, cancer does not emerge. Such patients have a broader immune response that targets additional autoantigens, suggesting that the breadth and magnitude of the immune response regulates cancer, and that the rheumatic diseases provide a unique window into natural immunoediting of cancer in humans. This has implications for prediction and therapy in both autoimmunity and cancer.
{"title":"IMMUNOEDITING IN AUTOIMMUNE RHEUMATIC DISEASES.","authors":"Antony Rosen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The striking association of specific autoantibodies with distinct disease phenotypes and trajectories in human autoimmune rheumatic diseases provides a powerful opportunity to interrogate disease mechanism. In scleroderma, a subgroup of patients with autoantibodies to POLR3 have coincident onset of cancer and scleroderma. The majority of these patients have genetic changes (somatic mutations and loss of heterozygosity) in the POLR3A gene in their matched cancers, coupled with immune responses directed against the mutated and wild type autoantigen. In some individuals with scleroderma or dermatomyositis where specific immune responses mark a high risk of emergent cancer, cancer does not emerge. Such patients have a broader immune response that targets additional autoantigens, suggesting that the breadth and magnitude of the immune response regulates cancer, and that the rheumatic diseases provide a unique window into natural immunoediting of cancer in humans. This has implications for prediction and therapy in both autoimmunity and cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23186,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33504130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ROBERT W. SCHRIER, MD: 1936 - 2021.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23186,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33504133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Type 2 inflammation (T2I) underlies the pathogenesis of asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and eosinophilic esophagitis. Mast cells (MCs) are tissue resident hematopoietic effector cells thought to play major roles in T2I. Two subtypes of human MCs are recognized based on immunohistochemical differences. MCs expressing tryptase but not chymase (MCT) reside within mucosal epithelial surfaces, and MCs expressing tryptase, chymase, and cathepsin G (MCTC) reside in submucosal, perivascular and intraneural locations. During T2I, MCs (particularly MCT) increase markedly by unclear mechanisms. Single cell genomic studies reveal that traditional histochemical categorization vastly underestimates the extent of MC functional heterogeneity. MCT and MCTC likely reflect endpoints of a developmental continuum, emerging from a transitional stage of development in which MCs expand through in situ proliferation. This mechanism, likely driven by interleukin 4 and other cytokines, is unique among granulocytes and carries substantial implications for pathogenesis and therapy of T2I-associated diseases.
2型炎症（T2I）是哮喘、伴有鼻息肉的慢性鼻窦炎和嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎的发病机理基础。肥大细胞（MCs）是组织常驻的造血效应细胞，被认为在 T2I 中发挥着重要作用。根据免疫组化的差异，人类肥大细胞有两种亚型。表达胰蛋白酶但不表达糜蛋白酶的 MCs（MCT）驻留在粘膜上皮表面，而表达胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶和酪蛋白酶 G 的 MCs（MCTC）驻留在粘膜下、血管周围和血管内。在 T2I 期间，MCs（尤其是 MCT）明显增加的机制尚不清楚。单细胞基因组研究显示，传统的组织化学分类方法大大低估了 MC 功能异质性的程度。MCT 和 MCTC 很可能反映了发育连续体的端点，它们出现于发育的过渡阶段，在这一阶段，MC 通过原位增殖而扩大。这种机制可能由白细胞介素 4 和其他细胞因子驱动，在粒细胞中是独一无二的，对 T2I 相关疾病的发病机制和治疗具有重大意义。
{"title":"INSIGHTS INTO THE REGULATION OF MAST CELL FUNCTION IN TYPE 2 INFLAMMATION.","authors":"Joshua A Boyce","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 inflammation (T2I) underlies the pathogenesis of asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and eosinophilic esophagitis. Mast cells (MCs) are tissue resident hematopoietic effector cells thought to play major roles in T2I. Two subtypes of human MCs are recognized based on immunohistochemical differences. MCs expressing tryptase but not chymase (MC<sub>T</sub>) reside within mucosal epithelial surfaces, and MCs expressing tryptase, chymase, and cathepsin G (MC<sub>TC</sub>) reside in submucosal, perivascular and intraneural locations. During T2I, MCs (particularly MC<sub>T</sub>) increase markedly by unclear mechanisms. Single cell genomic studies reveal that traditional histochemical categorization vastly underestimates the extent of MC functional heterogeneity. MC<sub>T</sub> and MC<sub>TC</sub> likely reflect endpoints of a developmental continuum, emerging from a transitional stage of development in which MCs expand through <i>in situ</i> proliferation. This mechanism, likely driven by interleukin 4 and other cytokines, is unique among granulocytes and carries substantial implications for pathogenesis and therapy of T2I-associated diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23186,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10382113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"RECORDER'S REPORT: The 133<sup>rd</sup> Meeting, The Charleston Place, Charleston, South Carolina, March 24<sup>th</sup> through March 27<sup>th</sup>, 2022.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23186,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10410679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PRESENT MEMBERS.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23186,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33487387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE GORDON WILSON LECTURES.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23186,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33487730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GERALD MEDOFF, MD: 1936 - 2019.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23186,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33487733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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