Pub Date : 2013-11-22DOI: 10.4229/28THEUPVSEC2013-5BV.7.15
A. Tawel, A. Kagilik
Many Libyan authorities proposed to investigate the possibility of utilizing a suitable terrain in Libya to add generation capacity of large-scale photovoltaic power plants. In this paper, the first grid-connected PV plant of 14 MWp which will be executed in Hoon city and supported by the Renewable Energy Authority of Libya (REAOL) is presented. To understand and improve the operational behavior of PV system, a comprehensive study including the plant design and detailed performance analysis under a local climate conditions is performed. Using polycrystalline silicon technology, the first year energy yield is estimated and the monthly system output for this plant is calculated. The performance ratio and various power losses (temperature, irradiance, power electronics, interconnection, etc.) are determined. The PV system supplied 24964 MWh to the grid during the first year giving an average annual overall yield factor 1783 kWh/kWp and average annual performance ratio of the system of 76.9%.
{"title":"Performance Analysis of 14 MW Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System","authors":"A. Tawel, A. Kagilik","doi":"10.4229/28THEUPVSEC2013-5BV.7.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4229/28THEUPVSEC2013-5BV.7.15","url":null,"abstract":"Many Libyan authorities proposed to investigate the possibility of utilizing a suitable terrain in Libya to add generation capacity of large-scale photovoltaic power plants. In this paper, the first grid-connected PV plant of 14 MWp which will be executed in Hoon city and supported by the Renewable Energy Authority of Libya (REAOL) is presented. To understand and improve the operational behavior of PV system, a comprehensive study including the plant design and detailed performance analysis under a local climate conditions is performed. Using polycrystalline silicon technology, the first year energy yield is estimated and the monthly system output for this plant is calculated. The performance ratio and various power losses (temperature, irradiance, power electronics, interconnection, etc.) are determined. The PV system supplied 24964 MWh to the grid during the first year giving an average annual overall yield factor 1783 kWh/kWp and average annual performance ratio of the system of 76.9%.","PeriodicalId":232564,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy and Sustainable Development journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129445324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. I. Abuzend, W. El-Osta, M. A. Ekhlat, E. Borass
This paper investigates the costs that can be avoided by using wind energy in the central coastal area of Libya. The investigation of the capacity credit was performed in a previous work. The analysis included Fuel saving, capacity saving and emission reduction (NO, SO2 and CO2) to the atmosphere. The avoided costs were translated into equivalent energy costs of wind energy systems. The evaluation was conducted using the reliability (LOLP) analysis and the contribution of wind system during peak demand to the utility total electricity generation system. The calculations were carried out using WASP (Wien Automatic System Planning Package) for the proposed period of 2009-2019 where wind power installation would increase from 100 MW in 2009 to 500 MW in 2019. The results showed that the avoided costs of wind energy will increase from 2.4 c/kWh in 2009 to 8.6 c/kWh in 2019. The mean value of the avoided costs of wend energy over the 10-year period is 6 c/kWh, which would make wind power economically competitive with conventional power plants in Libya. Further investigations of detailed external costs of all energy systems in the national energy mix, as well as the feed in tariff, are recommended and should be introduced to the national energy sectors in order to promote implementation of wind energy and other renewable energy technologies.
{"title":"Projected Avoided Costs of Conventional Power Plants in Libya Using Wind Energy","authors":"W. I. Abuzend, W. El-Osta, M. A. Ekhlat, E. Borass","doi":"10.51646/JSESD.V1I1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51646/JSESD.V1I1.31","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the costs that can be avoided by using wind energy in the central coastal area of Libya. The investigation of the capacity credit was performed in a previous work. The analysis included Fuel saving, capacity saving and emission reduction (NO, SO2 and CO2) to the atmosphere. The avoided costs were translated into equivalent energy costs of wind energy systems. The evaluation was conducted using the reliability (LOLP) analysis and the contribution of wind system during peak demand to the utility total electricity generation system. The calculations were carried out using WASP (Wien Automatic System Planning Package) for the proposed period of 2009-2019 where wind power installation would increase from 100 MW in 2009 to 500 MW in 2019. \u0000The results showed that the avoided costs of wind energy will increase from 2.4 c/kWh in 2009 to 8.6 c/kWh in 2019. The mean value of the avoided costs of wend energy over the 10-year period is 6 c/kWh, which would make wind power economically competitive with conventional power plants in Libya. Further investigations of detailed external costs of all energy systems in the national energy mix, as well as the feed in tariff, are recommended and should be introduced to the national energy sectors in order to promote implementation of wind energy and other renewable energy technologies.","PeriodicalId":232564,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy and Sustainable Development journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129903503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For standalone power supply systems based on solar hydrogen technology to work efficiently, the photovoltaic generator and electrolyser stack have to be con?gured so that they produce the needed amount of hydrogen in order for the fuel cell to produce sufficient power to operate the load. This paper discusses how genetic algorithms were applied to optimise the design of the photovoltaic generator and electrolyser combination by searching for the best con?guration in terms of number parallel and series PV modules, number of electrolyser cells, and cell surface area. First, a mathematical simulation model based on the current-voltage PV characteristics and the polarisation characteristics of the electrolyser was developed. The models parameters were obtained by ?tting the mathematical models to experimental data. A genetic algorithm code was then developed. The code is based on the PV and electrolyser models as an evaluation measure for the ?tness of the solutions generated. Results are presented con?rming the effectiveness of using the genetic algorithm technique for solar hydrogen system con?guration.
{"title":"Solar Hydrogen System Configuration Using Genetic Algorithms","authors":"I. Mohamed","doi":"10.51646/JSESD.V1I1.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51646/JSESD.V1I1.29","url":null,"abstract":"For standalone power supply systems based on solar hydrogen technology to work efficiently, the photovoltaic generator and electrolyser stack have to be con?gured so that they produce the needed amount of hydrogen in order for the fuel cell to produce sufficient power to operate the load. This paper discusses how genetic algorithms were applied to optimise the design of the photovoltaic generator and electrolyser combination by searching for the best con?guration in terms of number parallel and series PV modules, number of electrolyser cells, and cell surface area. First, a mathematical simulation model based on the current-voltage PV characteristics and the polarisation characteristics of the electrolyser was developed. The models parameters were obtained by ?tting the mathematical models to experimental data. A genetic algorithm code was then developed. The code is based on the PV and electrolyser models as an evaluation measure for the ?tness of the solutions generated. Results are presented con?rming the effectiveness of using the genetic algorithm technique for solar hydrogen system con?guration.","PeriodicalId":232564,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy and Sustainable Development journal","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126606152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ترجمة كتاب بعنوان شروط البقاء نحو مجتمع مبني على الطاقة الشمسية "حياة مليئة بالحيوية"
翻译《生存条件向以太阳能为基础的社会“充满活力的生活”一书
{"title":"شروط البقاء نحو مجتمع مبني على الطاقة الشمسية \"حياة مليئة بالحيوية\"","authors":"وداد الاسطى","doi":"10.51646/jsesd.v1i1.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51646/jsesd.v1i1.109","url":null,"abstract":"ترجمة كتاب بعنوان شروط البقاء نحو مجتمع مبني على الطاقة الشمسية \"حياة مليئة بالحيوية\"","PeriodicalId":232564,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy and Sustainable Development journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122580597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thermosyphon solar water heaters are the best choice to be utilized in residential sector to provide the required hot water in Libya. These systems are autonomy in operation and as a result require less maintenance and hence low operation and initial costs than active system. ln this paper, GenOpt optimization technique provided in TRNSYS simulation program is used for sizing Thermosyphon systems to obtain the optimum size (namely V/A ratio) of Thermosyphon system that suits Libyan families according to the weather and operating conditions of Tripoli. The typical hot water load pattern and quantity of the Libyan families are taken from a field study conducted on a number of the solar systems for a whole year. Whereas, the typical weather data are taken from five-year measurements recorded at CSERS weather station. The results showed that the optimum storage tank volume to collector area ratio of Thermosyphon systems is between 49-60 Lit/m2 for the most common collector characteristics ratio (equation!!) and the auxiliary heater set point temperature ranges from (45-60C).
{"title":"Optimum Values of Tank Volume to Collector Area Ratios of Thermosyphon Solar Water Heaters for Libyan Families","authors":"M. J. R. Abdunnabi","doi":"10.51646/jsesd.v1i1.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51646/jsesd.v1i1.104","url":null,"abstract":"Thermosyphon solar water heaters are the best choice to be utilized in residential sector to provide the required hot water in Libya. These systems are autonomy in operation and as a result require less maintenance and hence low operation and initial costs than active system. ln this paper, GenOpt optimization technique provided in TRNSYS simulation program is used for sizing Thermosyphon systems to obtain the optimum size (namely V/A ratio) of Thermosyphon system that suits Libyan families according to the weather and operating conditions of Tripoli. The typical hot water load pattern and quantity of the Libyan families are taken from a field study conducted on a number of the solar systems for a whole year. Whereas, the typical weather data are taken from five-year measurements recorded at CSERS weather station. \u0000The results showed that the optimum storage tank volume to collector area ratio of Thermosyphon systems is between 49-60 Lit/m2 for the most common collector characteristics ratio (equation!!) and the auxiliary heater set point temperature ranges from (45-60C). ","PeriodicalId":232564,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy and Sustainable Development journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131036002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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