Y. Bakare, O. Ogunlaja, T. Bobo, I. Ogunlaja, A. Olasinde, S. Akinola
Antenatal care (ANC) involves a planned and coordinated medical and psychosocial support that optimally begins before conception and extends throughout the antepartum period. Routine laboratory tests at booking are part of this range of evidence-based interventions to ensure healthy mothers and infants. The usual recommended routine ANC laboratory tests in low resource countries include; packed Cell Volume (PCV), Blood/Rhesus group, Hemoglobin genotype, Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and urinalysis. A review of Antenatal booking investigation results of consecutive presenting pregnant women at Bowen University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ogbomoso between January 1, 2019 and June 30, 2021 were analyzed alongside with other relevant information such as age, parity, occupation, level of education, year of last childbirth. Eight hundred and fifty-two pregnant women participated in the study, out of which 522 (61.3%) were <30 years while 312 (36.6%) and 18 (2.1%) were 30-39 years and ≥40 years respectively. Most of the women were age 20 – 29 years (60.6%) and only 2 (0.7%) were teenagers. Majority of the participants had parity of 1-4 (94.7%) while only 33 were grand multiparous. A total of 387 (45.4) women had normal PCV while 465 (54.6) had a PCV in the range of mild to moderate anaemia. None was severely anaemic. The commonest blood group was ‘O’ 390 (45.7%). Most of the mothers 771 (90.4%) were Rhesus D positive while 81 (9.6%) of them were negative. Only three women were positive for HIV while 6 and 78 women had a positive VDRL and HbSAg test results respectively. Most of the women are young (<40 years), have blood group O rhesus D positive and were anaemic at booking. Most of the participants are non-reactive to VDRL, HIV and HBsAg tests. The high percentage of anaemic cases in this study have justified the critical role of routine ANC laboratory tests in providing prompt detection and thus modification or management of pre-existing conditions or risk factors that may influence the course and outcome of pregnancy and labour.
产前保健包括有计划和协调的医疗和社会心理支助，这种支助最好在怀孕前开始，并贯穿整个产前期。预约时的常规实验室检查是确保母亲和婴儿健康的一系列循证干预措施的一部分。在资源匮乏的国家，通常建议的常规ANC实验室检测包括;包装细胞体积(PCV)，血液/恒河鼠组，血红蛋白基因型，性病研究实验室(VDRL)，人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)，乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)和尿液分析。回顾性分析2019年1月1日至2021年6月30日在Ogbomoso博文大学教学医院(BUTH)连续就诊的孕妇产前预约调查结果，并结合年龄、胎次、职业、教育程度、最后一次分娩年份等相关信息进行分析。852名孕妇参与了这项研究，其中<30岁的522名(61.3%)，30-39岁的312名(36.6%)，≥40岁的18名(2.1%)。大多数女性年龄在20 - 29岁之间(60.6%)，只有2名(0.7%)是青少年。大多数参与者的胎次为1-4次(94.7%)，而只有33例是大产。共有387(45.4)名妇女的PCV正常，而465(54.6)名妇女的PCV在轻度至中度贫血范围内。没有人严重贫血。最常见的血型为' O ' 390(45.7%)。771例(90.4%)母亲rh阳性，81例(9.6%)母亲rh阴性。只有3名女性HIV阳性，而VDRL和HbSAg检测结果分别为6和78名女性阳性。大多数女性年轻(<40岁)，O型血rh阳性，预约时贫血。大多数参与者对VDRL、HIV和HBsAg检测无反应。在这项研究中，贫血病例的高比例证明了常规ANC实验室检查在及时发现并因此改变或管理可能影响妊娠和分娩过程和结果的已有疾病或风险因素方面的关键作用。
{"title":"An appraisal of routine Antenatal laboratory parameters at booking in Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State Nigeria","authors":"Y. Bakare, O. Ogunlaja, T. Bobo, I. Ogunlaja, A. Olasinde, S. Akinola","doi":"10.4314/tjhc.v29i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/tjhc.v29i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Antenatal care (ANC) involves a planned and coordinated medical and psychosocial support that optimally begins before conception and extends throughout the antepartum period. Routine laboratory tests at booking are part of this range of evidence-based interventions to ensure healthy mothers and infants. The usual recommended routine ANC laboratory tests in low resource countries include; packed Cell Volume (PCV), Blood/Rhesus group, Hemoglobin genotype, Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and urinalysis. \u0000A review of Antenatal booking investigation results of consecutive presenting pregnant women at Bowen University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ogbomoso between January 1, 2019 and June 30, 2021 were analyzed alongside with other relevant information such as age, parity, occupation, level of education, year of last childbirth. \u0000Eight hundred and fifty-two pregnant women participated in the study, out of which 522 (61.3%) were <30 years while 312 (36.6%) and 18 (2.1%) were 30-39 years and ≥40 years respectively. Most of the women were age 20 – 29 years (60.6%) and only 2 (0.7%) were teenagers. Majority of the participants had parity of 1-4 (94.7%) while only 33 were grand multiparous. A total of 387 (45.4) women had normal PCV while 465 (54.6) had a PCV in the range of mild to moderate anaemia. None was severely anaemic. The commonest blood group was ‘O’ 390 (45.7%). Most of the mothers 771 (90.4%) were Rhesus D positive while 81 (9.6%) of them were negative. Only three women were positive for HIV while 6 and 78 women had a positive VDRL and HbSAg test results respectively. \u0000Most of the women are young (<40 years), have blood group O rhesus D positive and were anaemic at booking. Most of the participants are non-reactive to VDRL, HIV and HBsAg tests. The high percentage of anaemic cases in this study have justified the critical role of routine ANC laboratory tests in providing prompt detection and thus modification or management of pre-existing conditions or risk factors that may influence the course and outcome of pregnancy and labour.","PeriodicalId":23292,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86038502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Ogunmodede, P. Kolo, B. Dele-Ojo, I. Yusuf, I.L. Salau, I. Katibi, A. Omotoso
Abstract Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite the advancement in its treatment the rate of rehospitalization of patients after treatment for HF is still high around the world. Studies assessing rehospitalization rates of HF patients are few in Nigeria. The objective of the study was to determine the 180-day rehospitalization rate and predictors of rehospitalization in acute HF patients managed in our Centre. The study was a retrospective cohort study of 148 patients with acute HF. The 180-day rehospitalization rate in our patients was 16.2%. The median time to rehospitalization was 61days. Serum urea (p=0.016), serum creatinine (p=0.033), admission eGFR < 60mls/min/1.73m2 (p=0.007), LVEF (p=0.045) were associated with rehospitalization. eGFR < 60mls/min/1.73m2 was an independent predictor of 180-day rehospitalization OR 5.4, (CI 1.701-7.690), p=0.014 suggesting 5 times greater likelihood of rehospitalization than patients with higher eGFR. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve for 180-day rehospitalization was plotted. In conclusion, the 180-day rehospitalization rate among our patients varies from other reported rates in our environment. Acute HF patients with renal dysfunction have a high likelihood of medium term rehospitalization and hence constitute an at-risk group for targeted intervention during admission.
{"title":"Rehospitalization rate and predictors of rehospitalization in heart failure patients in North Central Nigeria","authors":"J. Ogunmodede, P. Kolo, B. Dele-Ojo, I. Yusuf, I.L. Salau, I. Katibi, A. Omotoso","doi":"10.4314/tjhc.v29i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/tjhc.v29i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite the advancement in its treatment the rate of rehospitalization of patients after treatment for HF is still high around the world. Studies assessing rehospitalization rates of HF patients are few in Nigeria. The objective of the study was to determine the 180-day rehospitalization rate and predictors of rehospitalization in acute HF patients managed in our Centre. The study was a retrospective cohort study of 148 patients with acute HF. \u0000The 180-day rehospitalization rate in our patients was 16.2%. The median time to rehospitalization was 61days. Serum urea (p=0.016), serum creatinine (p=0.033), admission eGFR < 60mls/min/1.73m2 (p=0.007), LVEF (p=0.045) were associated with rehospitalization. eGFR < 60mls/min/1.73m2 was an independent predictor of 180-day rehospitalization OR 5.4, (CI 1.701-7.690), p=0.014 suggesting 5 times greater likelihood of rehospitalization than patients with higher eGFR. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve for 180-day rehospitalization was plotted. \u0000In conclusion, the 180-day rehospitalization rate among our patients varies from other reported rates in our environment. Acute HF patients with renal dysfunction have a high likelihood of medium term rehospitalization and hence constitute an at-risk group for targeted intervention during admission.","PeriodicalId":23292,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"214 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75580275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Nyamngee, F.O. Onoriasakpobare, O. Agbede, A. Akanbi II, M. K. Sulaiman
Vertical transmission of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection can occur as demonstrated by the established association between a maternal history of genital warts and the development of laryngeal papillomas in children less than 2 years of age. Also there has been reported cases of infants who had genital warts present at the time of delivery. The prevalence and transmission rates of HPV at birth not known. This study determined the prevalence of HPV DNA in the cord blood of the baby at delivery and the maternal cervical sample, and the concordance between the prevalence in the cord blood and in the cervical sample using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Cord blood samples were collected at from 113 participating pregnant women, from whom their cervical swab samples had been taken in antenatal clinic. The specimens were analysed for HPV DNA using the PCR with the consensus primers MY09/MY11. HPV DNA was detected in 54 cord blood and 11 cervical samples. There were 9 positive concordances for both the cord blood and the cervical sample. The prevalence of HPV DNA in the cord blood was 47.92% and in the maternal cervical sample was 9.7% and the difference was statistically significant. The typing on the positive HPV DNA shows 50.77% positive for HPV 16 and 16.92% positive for HPV 18. The detection of HPV DNA in the cord blood and the type specific genotypes concordance in the cervical suggests that the mother is the most probable source of HPV positive in the new born. Therefore, this should be a compulsory procedure at the point of delivery for early detection and treatment of HPV infections among the newborn babies.
{"title":"Prenatal maternal prevalence and new-born vertical transmission of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria","authors":"A. Nyamngee, F.O. Onoriasakpobare, O. Agbede, A. Akanbi II, M. K. Sulaiman","doi":"10.4314/tjhc.v29i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/tjhc.v29i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Vertical transmission of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection can occur as demonstrated by the established association between a maternal history of genital warts and the development of laryngeal papillomas in children less than 2 years of age. Also there has been reported cases of infants who had genital warts present at the time of delivery. The prevalence and transmission rates of HPV at birth not known. \u0000This study determined the prevalence of HPV DNA in the cord blood of the baby at delivery and the maternal cervical sample, and the concordance between the prevalence in the cord blood and in the cervical sample using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). \u0000Cord blood samples were collected at from 113 participating pregnant women, from whom their cervical swab samples had been taken in antenatal clinic. The specimens were analysed for HPV DNA using the PCR with the consensus primers MY09/MY11. \u0000HPV DNA was detected in 54 cord blood and 11 cervical samples. There were 9 positive concordances for both the cord blood and the cervical sample. The prevalence of HPV DNA in the cord blood was 47.92% and in the maternal cervical sample was 9.7% and the difference was statistically significant. The typing on the positive HPV DNA shows 50.77% positive for HPV 16 and 16.92% positive for HPV 18. \u0000The detection of HPV DNA in the cord blood and the type specific genotypes concordance in the cervical suggests that the mother is the most probable source of HPV positive in the new born. Therefore, this should be a compulsory procedure at the point of delivery for early detection and treatment of HPV infections among the newborn babies.","PeriodicalId":23292,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81806546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. S. Soni, A. C. Oparah, S. Usifoh, F. Oseji, P. C. Nwobodo
The presence of medicines in the households is a risk factor for irrational drug use; which may expose patients to adverse effects and treatment failures. This study determined common chronic disease/s in the households, storage of medications and sources through which households obtained medications, knowledge of medication use and methods of handling their left-over and expired medicines. A descriptive, cross-sectional household survey was conducted. Questionnaires were used based on the methods contained in the WHO manual. Data on the extent of storage, sources of medicines and their current status among others were collected and were entered in to Excel. Of the 126 participants surveyed, 58 (46.03%) attained a tertiary education, 40 (31.75%) had member/s of the family working in a health sector. Only 38 (30.16%) of households had at least one person suffering from chronic disease/s, 25 (65.79%) were hypertensive, 73 (57.94%) of the study participants sometimes had left-over medication/s. forty eight (13.48%) of the medications were supplements, 215(61.08%) of the medicines were prescribed by a doctor, 156 (42.05%) of them were purchased from a pharmacy, 151(42.90%) of drugs were stored in a basket/carts, 344 (97.72%) of drugs were in good storage conditions, 332 (94.32%) had valid (present) expiration dates and 289 (82.10%) of the drugs did not have correct duration. In this survey, hypertension, diabetes and arthritis were the most common chronic disease conditions. Most of the medicines were purchased from community pharmacies, methods of storage and disposal of medications were in basket/carts and in trash bins/ thrown away respectively. However, these medicines found were in good conditions, though, poorly labeled and participants had poor knowledge on how long to use their medications. Keywords: Household, irrational treatment, left-over medication/s, storage
{"title":"Evaluation of household medication use at Uselu area Edo State, Nigeria","authors":"J. S. Soni, A. C. Oparah, S. Usifoh, F. Oseji, P. C. Nwobodo","doi":"10.4314/TJHC.V26I3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TJHC.V26I3","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of medicines in the households is a risk factor for irrational drug use; which may expose patients to adverse effects and treatment failures. This study determined common chronic disease/s in the households, storage of medications and sources through which households obtained medications, knowledge of medication use and methods of handling their left-over and expired medicines. A descriptive, cross-sectional household survey was conducted. Questionnaires were used based on the methods contained in the WHO manual. Data on the extent of storage, sources of medicines and their current status among others were collected and were entered in to Excel. Of the 126 participants surveyed, 58 (46.03%) attained a tertiary education, 40 (31.75%) had member/s of the family working in a health sector. Only 38 (30.16%) of households had at least one person suffering from chronic disease/s, 25 (65.79%) were hypertensive, 73 (57.94%) of the study participants sometimes had left-over medication/s. forty eight (13.48%) of the medications were supplements, 215(61.08%) of the medicines were prescribed by a doctor, 156 (42.05%) of them were purchased from a pharmacy, 151(42.90%) of drugs were stored in a basket/carts, 344 (97.72%) of drugs were in good storage conditions, 332 (94.32%) had valid (present) expiration dates and 289 (82.10%) of the drugs did not have correct duration. In this survey, hypertension, diabetes and arthritis were the most common chronic disease conditions. Most of the medicines were purchased from community pharmacies, methods of storage and disposal of medications were in basket/carts and in trash bins/ thrown away respectively. However, these medicines found were in good conditions, though, poorly labeled and participants had poor knowledge on how long to use their medications. Keywords: Household, irrational treatment, left-over medication/s, storage","PeriodicalId":23292,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78330409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Disease prevention is an effective strategy to decrease morbidity and mortality across a wide range of diseases and routine medical screening is a cost-effective method of improving population health and life expectancy. The aim of this study was to determine the practices of apparently healthy adults towards routine medical check-ups and screening for cardiovascular risk factors. This was done using a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study design. The study population was drawn from among adult residents of a rural (Jesse) and an urban (Warri) community in Delta State, South-South Nigeria.A total of 866 respondents were studied, 44% were rural dwellers. Their mean age was 42.5(±16.05) years. Two-thirds (242/358) of the respondents who had completed secondary education were urban dwellers. A third of the respondents practiced routine medical screening and this was significantly higher among the urban dwellers (40.0% vs. 22.2% p<0.001). Among respondents who do not practice routine medical screening, 48.5% had no apparent reason and 70.1% were urban dwellers.Majority of the respondents had no health care provider. The typical healthcare providers were doctors (25.7 %), pharmacist/dispenser (9.2%) and nurses (4.3%). Among respondents who had doctors as the typical healthcare provider, 26.9% have had education on cardiovascular risk factor prevention. This was significantly higher among urban dwellers.Majority of the respondents have never had their blood pressure (56.0%), blood glucose (65.8%) and cholesterol (94.6%) checked, significantly higher among rural dwellers.In conclusion, routine medical check-ups and screening for cardiovascular risk factors were poor in this study. There is a need for increased public health promotion and education among Nigerians. Keywords: Cardiovascular risk factors, medical check-up, adult
{"title":"Practice of routine medical check-ups and screening for cardiovascular risk factors in Delta State, south-south Nigeria: a population-based study","authors":"E. Umuerri","doi":"10.4314/TJHC.V26I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TJHC.V26I2","url":null,"abstract":"Disease prevention is an effective strategy to decrease morbidity and mortality across a wide range of diseases and routine medical screening is a cost-effective method of improving population health and life expectancy. The aim of this study was to determine the practices of apparently healthy adults towards routine medical check-ups and screening for cardiovascular risk factors. This was done using a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study design. The study population was drawn from among adult residents of a rural (Jesse) and an urban (Warri) community in Delta State, South-South Nigeria.A total of 866 respondents were studied, 44% were rural dwellers. Their mean age was 42.5(±16.05) years. Two-thirds (242/358) of the respondents who had completed secondary education were urban dwellers. A third of the respondents practiced routine medical screening and this was significantly higher among the urban dwellers (40.0% vs. 22.2% p<0.001). Among respondents who do not practice routine medical screening, 48.5% had no apparent reason and 70.1% were urban dwellers.Majority of the respondents had no health care provider. The typical healthcare providers were doctors (25.7 %), pharmacist/dispenser (9.2%) and nurses (4.3%). Among respondents who had doctors as the typical healthcare provider, 26.9% have had education on cardiovascular risk factor prevention. This was significantly higher among urban dwellers.Majority of the respondents have never had their blood pressure (56.0%), blood glucose (65.8%) and cholesterol (94.6%) checked, significantly higher among rural dwellers.In conclusion, routine medical check-ups and screening for cardiovascular risk factors were poor in this study. There is a need for increased public health promotion and education among Nigerians. Keywords: Cardiovascular risk factors, medical check-up, adult","PeriodicalId":23292,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"22-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76038341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated the attributed causes of diabetes among literate adults in Lagos State, Nigeria and examined the influence of certain variables such as: gender, religious affiliation and age on the respondents’ views. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. A researcher-developed instrument entitled “Attributed Causes of Diabetes Questionnaire (ACDQ)” was used to collect data from 600 respondents in Lagos State, who were selected using purposive and simple random sampling techniques. The three formulated null hypotheses were tested and analyzed using t-test and Analysis of Variance at 0.05 alpha level.The finding of this study revealed poor economic status, high intake of sugary diet, lack of medical check-up, lack of functional insulin in the body, lack of physical exercise, illiteracy as the attributed causes of diabetes among literate adults in Lagos State. Results also showed that there were no gender, educational level and age significant differences in the attributed causes of diabetes among the respondents. By implication, health workers should gather up to date information to debunk wrong attribution of causes of diabetes and to further educate the entire populace on the causes of diabetes. Keywords: Attribution, Causes, Diabetes, Literate Adults, Health Workers.
{"title":"Attributed Causes of Diabetes among Literate Adults in Lagos State, Nigeria: Implications to Health Workers","authors":"A. Odebode","doi":"10.4314/tjhc.v26i1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/tjhc.v26i1","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the attributed causes of diabetes among literate adults in Lagos State, Nigeria and examined the influence of certain variables such as: gender, religious affiliation and age on the respondents’ views. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. A researcher-developed instrument entitled “Attributed Causes of Diabetes Questionnaire (ACDQ)” was used to collect data from 600 respondents in Lagos State, who were selected using purposive and simple random sampling techniques. The three formulated null hypotheses were tested and analyzed using t-test and Analysis of Variance at 0.05 alpha level.The finding of this study revealed poor economic status, high intake of sugary diet, lack of medical check-up, lack of functional insulin in the body, lack of physical exercise, illiteracy as the attributed causes of diabetes among literate adults in Lagos State. Results also showed that there were no gender, educational level and age significant differences in the attributed causes of diabetes among the respondents. By implication, health workers should gather up to date information to debunk wrong attribution of causes of diabetes and to further educate the entire populace on the causes of diabetes. Keywords: Attribution, Causes, Diabetes, Literate Adults, Health Workers.","PeriodicalId":23292,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76025032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Olakulehin, O. Akanbi, O. Habeeb, M. Adeoti, D. Onilede, T. Akinloye, O. Olanipekun
Surgery put patients at appreciable risk of adverse outcomes and death. Operative Surgical Checklists serves as an aid-memoire to ensure patients’ and health care personnel safety during the perioperative period. A cross-sectional survey of private medical practitioners (PMP) was conducted to find out about the awareness and compliance of general medical practitioners in Nigeria on the use of WHO Surgical Checklists. Relevant data were obtained through a pre-tested paper based questionnaire. One hundred and nineteen questionnaires were analysed. The mean age of the respondents was 58.20 (±4.761) years. The mean duration of time from post qualification was 31.083 (±4.387) years. Twenty-four (20.16%) of the respondents have additional qualifications in various clinical and non clinical specialties. Forty-seven (39.49%) of the respondents had heard about surgical checklist mainly from the internet. Only 5 (10.63%) of them use it, and in less than 25% of the occasions. Use of checklist shows no significant statistical difference between those with additional qualifications to those without (p= .6970). About 96% of the respondents believed that surgical checklist is beneficial. The most barrier to use of surgical checklist was unavailability of the checklists. Surgical checklist is poorly utilized by the private medical practitioners. We suggest the need to further emphasize the use of surgical checklists at various levels of our practices.Keywords: Surgical checklist, World health organization, private medical practitioners and Operation
{"title":"Compliance to use of surgical checklist among private medical practitioners","authors":"O. Olakulehin, O. Akanbi, O. Habeeb, M. Adeoti, D. Onilede, T. Akinloye, O. Olanipekun","doi":"10.4314/TJHC.V26I4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TJHC.V26I4","url":null,"abstract":"Surgery put patients at appreciable risk of adverse outcomes and death. Operative Surgical Checklists serves as an aid-memoire to ensure patients’ and health care personnel safety during the perioperative period. A cross-sectional survey of private medical practitioners (PMP) was conducted to find out about the awareness and compliance of general medical practitioners in Nigeria on the use of WHO Surgical Checklists. Relevant data were obtained through a pre-tested paper based questionnaire. One hundred and nineteen questionnaires were analysed. The mean age of the respondents was 58.20 (±4.761) years. The mean duration of time from post qualification was 31.083 (±4.387) years. Twenty-four (20.16%) of the respondents have additional qualifications in various clinical and non clinical specialties. Forty-seven (39.49%) of the respondents had heard about surgical checklist mainly from the internet. Only 5 (10.63%) of them use it, and in less than 25% of the occasions. Use of checklist shows no significant statistical difference between those with additional qualifications to those without (p= .6970). About 96% of the respondents believed that surgical checklist is beneficial. The most barrier to use of surgical checklist was unavailability of the checklists. Surgical checklist is poorly utilized by the private medical practitioners. We suggest the need to further emphasize the use of surgical checklists at various levels of our practices.Keywords: Surgical checklist, World health organization, private medical practitioners and Operation","PeriodicalId":23292,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"28-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78724920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many working-class nursing women put up questionable attitude when it comes to exclusively breastfeeding their babies. The purpose of this study therefore, is to investigate the attitude of working-class nursing mothers in Lokoja Metropolis towards exclusive breastfeeding. Variables such as age, type of occupation and educational attainment were also examined if they would affect the respondents’ expressions. Descriptive survey method was adopted for the study. A total of 200 respondents who were selected using a two-stage sampling procedure participated in the study. An instrument entitled ‘Attitude towards Exclusive Breastfeeding Questionnaire’ was used to collect data for the study. The instrument was validated by five experts in the 5 experts in the Departments of Counsellor Education and Adult & Primary Education, University of Ilorin, Nigeria. The reliability of the instrument was ascertained through test re-test reliability method with a reliability co-efficient of 0.83. ANOVA statistical method was used to test the formulated hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level. Result showed that the attitude of working-class nursing mothers in Lokoja Metropolis towards exclusive breastfeeding is positive. There was no significant difference in the attitude of working-class nursing mothers towards exclusive breastfeeding in Lokoja Metropolis based on age but there were significant differences on the bases of type of occupation and educational attainment. It was concluded that counsellors should encourage and counsel working-class mothers to adopt benefitting coping strategies so that they can maintain their positive attitude towards exclusive breastfeeding of their babies. Keywords: Attitude, Working Class, Nursing Mothers, Exclusive Breastfeeding, Lokoja Metropolis
{"title":"Attitude of working-class nursing mothers towards exclusive breastfeeding in Lokoja Metropolis, Nigeria: implications to counselling practice","authors":"A. Odebode, F. Okesina, E. K. Ola-Alani","doi":"10.4314/tjhc.v25i2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/tjhc.v25i2","url":null,"abstract":"Many working-class nursing women put up questionable attitude when it comes to exclusively breastfeeding their babies. The purpose of this study therefore, is to investigate the attitude of working-class nursing mothers in Lokoja Metropolis towards exclusive breastfeeding. Variables such as age, type of occupation and educational attainment were also examined if they would affect the respondents’ expressions. Descriptive survey method was adopted for the study. A total of 200 respondents who were selected using a two-stage sampling procedure participated in the study. An instrument entitled ‘Attitude towards Exclusive Breastfeeding Questionnaire’ was used to collect data for the study. The instrument was validated by five experts in the 5 experts in the Departments of Counsellor Education and Adult & Primary Education, University of Ilorin, Nigeria. The reliability of the instrument was ascertained through test re-test reliability method with a reliability co-efficient of 0.83. ANOVA statistical method was used to test the formulated hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level. Result showed that the attitude of working-class nursing mothers in Lokoja Metropolis towards exclusive breastfeeding is positive. There was no significant difference in the attitude of working-class nursing mothers towards exclusive breastfeeding in Lokoja Metropolis based on age but there were significant differences on the bases of type of occupation and educational attainment. It was concluded that counsellors should encourage and counsel working-class mothers to adopt benefitting coping strategies so that they can maintain their positive attitude towards exclusive breastfeeding of their babies. Keywords: Attitude, Working Class, Nursing Mothers, Exclusive Breastfeeding, Lokoja Metropolis","PeriodicalId":23292,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"50 6 1","pages":"43-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79530292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Kadir, A. Ibrahim, I. M. Bamtefa, B. A. Ibrahim, M. K. Ogunfemi, S. Gwadabe, R. Jaji-Sulaimon, F. Adigun, M. Ajao
Plants have provided sources of drugs which have made contribution to health. The use of plant extracts for the treatment of diseases is being practiced widely. Vernonia amygdalina (VA), otherwise known as bitter leaf is a shrub that grows commonly in tropical Africa and consumed as vegetable. People have considered bitter leaf as a traditional medicine, as its being used for the treatment of various illnesses such as fever, diarrhea, malaria, etc. However, its haematological effects are to be explored in this study.Thirty adult male wistar rats weighing averagely 150g were studied. They were housed, fed and cared under humane conditions in the animal house. They were divided into six groups of 5 each, with groups I and II being controls while the others were experimental. Prednisone was administered for two weeks, then blood samples were taken following which the treatments were given for specified periods. The animals were thereafter sacrificed and blood samples for CD4 and haematologic parameters taken, as well as splenic organ for histology.The results show weight increase across all groups. There was no appreciable difference in the CD4 and red blood cell count in the bitter leaf groups while the levamisole had significant decrease in these parameters. Bitter leaf was associated with significant decrease in haemoglobin level. The photomicrographs of the spleen showed decrease dimension in the white pulp and marginal zone. Levamisole and Vernonia amygdalina were associated with decreased haematological parameters.Keyowrds: Vernonia amygdalina, Levamisole, Haematological parameters, Wistar rats
{"title":"Haematological effects of aqueous extract of Vernonia amygdalina and a known immunostimulant In Wistar Rats","authors":"R. Kadir, A. Ibrahim, I. M. Bamtefa, B. A. Ibrahim, M. K. Ogunfemi, S. Gwadabe, R. Jaji-Sulaimon, F. Adigun, M. Ajao","doi":"10.4314/TJHC.V25I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TJHC.V25I1","url":null,"abstract":"Plants have provided sources of drugs which have made contribution to health. The use of plant extracts for the treatment of diseases is being practiced widely. Vernonia amygdalina (VA), otherwise known as bitter leaf is a shrub that grows commonly in tropical Africa and consumed as vegetable. People have considered bitter leaf as a traditional medicine, as its being used for the treatment of various illnesses such as fever, diarrhea, malaria, etc. However, its haematological effects are to be explored in this study.Thirty adult male wistar rats weighing averagely 150g were studied. They were housed, fed and cared under humane conditions in the animal house. They were divided into six groups of 5 each, with groups I and II being controls while the others were experimental. Prednisone was administered for two weeks, then blood samples were taken following which the treatments were given for specified periods. The animals were thereafter sacrificed and blood samples for CD4 and haematologic parameters taken, as well as splenic organ for histology.The results show weight increase across all groups. There was no appreciable difference in the CD4 and red blood cell count in the bitter leaf groups while the levamisole had significant decrease in these parameters. Bitter leaf was associated with significant decrease in haemoglobin level. The photomicrographs of the spleen showed decrease dimension in the white pulp and marginal zone. Levamisole and Vernonia amygdalina were associated with decreased haematological parameters.Keyowrds: Vernonia amygdalina, Levamisole, Haematological parameters, Wistar rats","PeriodicalId":23292,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"115 1","pages":"47-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79084819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Immunization is a proven tool for controlling and eliminating life-threatening infectious diseases and is estimated to avert between 2 and 3 million deaths each year globally. Measles is one of the viral diseases preventable with adequate measles routine immunization (MRI). WHO has the mandate that by the end of 2020, at least five WHO regions amongst which is Africa should have eliminated measles. This study examined improving the alignment of measles notification with response activities (measles immunization) retrospectively in Nigeria from 2012-2016.This is a 5 year retrospective MRI data from 2012-2016 collected from the National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA), the agency responsible for immunization in the country with the permission of the Chief Executive Officer (CEO). This was examined to ascertain the extent of MRI coverage in Nigeria for five years. Also, measles data from the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) collected from the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) was examined for the same period of time (2012-2016). The collected data were analyzed to see if MRI and measles cases are synergistic and aligned to eliminating measles. The MRI coverage for the observed years appeared relatively high, yet the measles cases were also relatively high; suggesting that MRI coverage did not have significant effect in reducing the number of measles cases in the observed. Specifically, the number of measles cases in the North zones was relatively higher than the South zones despite apparent increase in MRI coverage in the North (2012-2016). The South zones showed inconsistencies in MRI coverage. From this study, there is need for NCDC and NPHCDA to brainstorm and collaborate to consider strategies to harmoniously combat measles and key into the principles of the measles 2nd dose vaccination (MCV2) if Nigeria is to progress to the elimination phase of measles infection.Keywords: Measles vaccine, Infectious disease, measles elimination, Nigeria,
{"title":"Improving the Alignment of Measles Notification in Nigeria with Response Activities (Measles Immunization): An Overview from 2012-2016","authors":"S. Bello, A. Saka, M. Adeboye, A. Ojuawo","doi":"10.4314/tjhc.v25i4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/tjhc.v25i4","url":null,"abstract":"Immunization is a proven tool for controlling and eliminating life-threatening infectious diseases and is estimated to avert between 2 and 3 million deaths each year globally. Measles is one of the viral diseases preventable with adequate measles routine immunization (MRI). WHO has the mandate that by the end of 2020, at least five WHO regions amongst which is Africa should have eliminated measles. This study examined improving the alignment of measles notification with response activities (measles immunization) retrospectively in Nigeria from 2012-2016.This is a 5 year retrospective MRI data from 2012-2016 collected from the National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA), the agency responsible for immunization in the country with the permission of the Chief Executive Officer (CEO). This was examined to ascertain the extent of MRI coverage in Nigeria for five years. Also, measles data from the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) collected from the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) was examined for the same period of time (2012-2016). The collected data were analyzed to see if MRI and measles cases are synergistic and aligned to eliminating measles. The MRI coverage for the observed years appeared relatively high, yet the measles cases were also relatively high; suggesting that MRI coverage did not have significant effect in reducing the number of measles cases in the observed. Specifically, the number of measles cases in the North zones was relatively higher than the South zones despite apparent increase in MRI coverage in the North (2012-2016). The South zones showed inconsistencies in MRI coverage. From this study, there is need for NCDC and NPHCDA to brainstorm and collaborate to consider strategies to harmoniously combat measles and key into the principles of the measles 2nd dose vaccination (MCV2) if Nigeria is to progress to the elimination phase of measles infection.Keywords: Measles vaccine, Infectious disease, measles elimination, Nigeria,","PeriodicalId":23292,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"107 1","pages":"28-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81101979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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