Microplastics and antibiotics are two significant emerging pollutants found together in water bodies, raising concerns about their mutual effects. This review delves into how microplastics and antibiotics interact in aqueous environments and the ecotoxicological implications of such interactions, particularly the bioavailability of antibiotics and the prevalence of antibiotic-resistance genes. It outlines that antibiotics attach to microplastics primarily through hydrophobic, hydrogen-bonding, and electrostatic interactions. Other bonds, comprising halogen bonding, cation−π interaction, and negative charge-assisted hydrogen bonds, may also be involved to better explain antibiotic adsorption patterns. The adsorption of antibiotics to microplastics often follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and in some instances, the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The common adsorption isotherms governing this interaction are the linear and Freundlich models. Microplastics may increase the biodegradation of adsorbed antibiotics due to the presence of antibiotic-degrading bacteria in the biofilms. They could also hamper direct photodegradation but facilitate indirect photodegradation of adsorbed antibiotics. However, their photodegradative effect remains inconclusive. Microplastics and antibiotics exhibit significant toxicity to algae, while their effects on fish and daphnia are less noticeable, suggesting that their combination does not pose an immediate threat to the well-being and proliferation of larger aquatic organisms. In some instances, microplastics reduce the deleterious effects of antibiotics on aquatic life. Microplastics serve as catalysts for gene transfer, enhancing the propagation of antibiotic-resistance genes in these ecosystems. This review underscores the importance of understanding the regulatory mechanisms of microplastics on antibiotic-resistance gene diversity, particularly at the gene expression level.
{"title":"Microplastics and Antibiotics in Aquatic Environments: A Review of Their Interactions and Ecotoxicological Implications","authors":"K. Tang","doi":"10.53623/tasp.v4i1.446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53623/tasp.v4i1.446","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics and antibiotics are two significant emerging pollutants found together in water bodies, raising concerns about their mutual effects. This review delves into how microplastics and antibiotics interact in aqueous environments and the ecotoxicological implications of such interactions, particularly the bioavailability of antibiotics and the prevalence of antibiotic-resistance genes. It outlines that antibiotics attach to microplastics primarily through hydrophobic, hydrogen-bonding, and electrostatic interactions. Other bonds, comprising halogen bonding, cation−π interaction, and negative charge-assisted hydrogen bonds, may also be involved to better explain antibiotic adsorption patterns. The adsorption of antibiotics to microplastics often follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and in some instances, the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The common adsorption isotherms governing this interaction are the linear and Freundlich models. Microplastics may increase the biodegradation of adsorbed antibiotics due to the presence of antibiotic-degrading bacteria in the biofilms. They could also hamper direct photodegradation but facilitate indirect photodegradation of adsorbed antibiotics. However, their photodegradative effect remains inconclusive. Microplastics and antibiotics exhibit significant toxicity to algae, while their effects on fish and daphnia are less noticeable, suggesting that their combination does not pose an immediate threat to the well-being and proliferation of larger aquatic organisms. In some instances, microplastics reduce the deleterious effects of antibiotics on aquatic life. Microplastics serve as catalysts for gene transfer, enhancing the propagation of antibiotic-resistance genes in these ecosystems. This review underscores the importance of understanding the regulatory mechanisms of microplastics on antibiotic-resistance gene diversity, particularly at the gene expression level.","PeriodicalId":23323,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution","volume":" 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141367468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Lie, Faisal Saud, Binhudayb, Nguyen Thi, Thanh Thảo, R. A. Kristanti
Pharmaceuticals in Malaysia’s groundwater are a growing concern as they can potentially affect the environment and human health negatively. Pharmaceuticals are found in abundance in groundwater from sources such as septic tanks, leachates from landfills, wastewater effluents from pharmaceutical-related industries, medical institutions, wastewater treatment plants, and households, agriculture runoff and leakage of effluent wastes in Malaysia. Pharmaceutical contaminant usually travels through advection and dispersion from waterways or soil into the groundwater. The mathematical model of the advection-dispersion equation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are analysed for the prediction of movement and concentration of pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, the evolution of pharmaceuticals in the environment, living organisms and human health is assessed. Pharmaceuticals have found their way into the food chain and exhibit toxicity and hazard to aquatic ecosystems. However, the toxicity of pharmaceuticals to humans is still not yet much to be researched although strong evidence of possible negative consequences. Moreover, remediation technologies such as activated carbon adsorption, activated sludge, anaerobic treatment and advanced oxidation process are discussed for the mitigation of pharmaceuticals contamination.
{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Pharmaceutical Contamination in Malaysian Groundwater: Risks, Modelling, and Remediation Strategies","authors":"Michael Lie, Faisal Saud, Binhudayb, Nguyen Thi, Thanh Thảo, R. A. Kristanti","doi":"10.53623/tasp.v4i1.437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53623/tasp.v4i1.437","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmaceuticals in Malaysia’s groundwater are a growing concern as they can potentially affect the environment and human health negatively. Pharmaceuticals are found in abundance in groundwater from sources such as septic tanks, leachates from landfills, wastewater effluents from pharmaceutical-related industries, medical institutions, wastewater treatment plants, and households, agriculture runoff and leakage of effluent wastes in Malaysia. Pharmaceutical contaminant usually travels through advection and dispersion from waterways or soil into the groundwater. The mathematical model of the advection-dispersion equation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are analysed for the prediction of movement and concentration of pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, the evolution of pharmaceuticals in the environment, living organisms and human health is assessed. Pharmaceuticals have found their way into the food chain and exhibit toxicity and hazard to aquatic ecosystems. However, the toxicity of pharmaceuticals to humans is still not yet much to be researched although strong evidence of possible negative consequences. Moreover, remediation technologies such as activated carbon adsorption, activated sludge, anaerobic treatment and advanced oxidation process are discussed for the mitigation of pharmaceuticals contamination.","PeriodicalId":23323,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution","volume":"18 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samuel Sunday Ogunsola, A. Adelodun, M. B. Ogundiran
Following phytoremediation, the disposal of accumulating plants (phytoaccumulators) is challenging because the accumulated metals could leach back into the soil if not properly managed. Therefore, this study aims to use calcined clay (CC)-based geopolymer to stabilize Pb, Cu, and Zn in a phytoaccumulator (Sporobolus pyramidalis) ash (PA). Additionally, the effect of adding PA on the setting time, mechanical and heavy metals leaching properties of the geopolymers was investigated, to determine their environmental suitability and potential applications. Mixed proportions of CC (85-100%) and PA (5% - 15%) were used to produce geopolymers, using 8 M NaOH/Na2SiO3 (1:1) as an alkaline activator. The geopolymers were cured for 7 and 28 days at ambient temperatures. Thermograms showed the dehydroxylation of kaolinite at 450-650 °C. X-ray flourescene (XRF) analysis showed CC’s predominant oxides as SiO2 (53.1%) and Al2O3 (41.4%), while PA exhibited SiO2 (46.6%), CaO (13.8%), PbO (1.30%), ZnO (0.28%), and CuO (0.04%). Thermal treatment eliminated most FTIR bands associated with kaolinite, converting crystalline kaolinite into amorphous metakaolinite. Geopolymer setting time ranged from 75 min (100% CC) to 111 min (85% CC). Furthermore, elevated Cao content in the PA resulted in the geopolymer’s early strength development. However, the compressive strength decreased as PA quantity increased, with 95% CC-PA exhibiting maximum strength (22.5 ± 0.2 MPa) after 28 days. Further tests confirmed that 95% and 90% CC-PA geopolymer effectively stabilized Pb and Cu. Fabricated geopolymers met the ASTM (C62-17) Specification Standard for building brick, indicating their suitability as a waste-based construction material under controlled conditions.
植物修复后，如何处理累积的植物（植物累积剂）是一项挑战，因为如果管理不当，累积的金属可能会渗回土壤。因此，本研究旨在使用基于煅烧粘土（CC）的土工聚合物来稳定植物蓄积剂（Sporobolus pyramidalis）灰烬（PA）中的铅、铜和锌。此外，还研究了添加 PA 对土工聚合物的凝结时间、机械性能和重金属浸出性能的影响，以确定其环境适应性和潜在应用。使用 8 M NaOH/Na2SiO3 (1:1) 作为碱性活化剂，按 CC（85%-100%）和 PA（5%-15%）的混合比例生产土工聚合物。土工聚合物在环境温度下分别固化了 7 天和 28 天。热图显示，高岭石在 450-650 °C时发生了脱羟基反应。X 射线荧光光谱（XRF）分析表明，CC 的主要氧化物为二氧化硅（53.1%）和氧化铝（41.4%），而 PA 的主要氧化物为二氧化硅（46.6%）、氧化钙（13.8%）、氧化铅（1.30%）、氧化锌（0.28%）和氧化铜（0.04%）。热处理消除了大部分与高岭石有关的傅立叶变换红外波段，将结晶高岭石转化为无定形偏高岭石。土工聚合物的凝结时间从 75 分钟（100% CC）到 111 分钟（85% CC）不等。此外，PA 中 Cao 含量的升高会导致土工聚合物早期强度的发展。然而，抗压强度随着 PA 含量的增加而降低，95% CC-PA 在 28 天后表现出最大强度（22.5 ± 0.2 兆帕）。进一步的测试证实，95% 和 90% CC-PA 土工聚合物能有效稳定铅和铜。制成的土工聚合物符合 ASTM（C62-17）建筑用砖规范标准，表明它们适合在受控条件下用作废物建筑材料。
{"title":"Stabilization of Pb, Cu, and Zn in Phytoaccumulator Ash in Calcined Clay-based Geopolymers and Potential Application","authors":"Samuel Sunday Ogunsola, A. Adelodun, M. B. Ogundiran","doi":"10.53623/tasp.v4i1.398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53623/tasp.v4i1.398","url":null,"abstract":"Following phytoremediation, the disposal of accumulating plants (phytoaccumulators) is challenging because the accumulated metals could leach back into the soil if not properly managed. Therefore, this study aims to use calcined clay (CC)-based geopolymer to stabilize Pb, Cu, and Zn in a phytoaccumulator (Sporobolus pyramidalis) ash (PA). Additionally, the effect of adding PA on the setting time, mechanical and heavy metals leaching properties of the geopolymers was investigated, to determine their environmental suitability and potential applications. Mixed proportions of CC (85-100%) and PA (5% - 15%) were used to produce geopolymers, using 8 M NaOH/Na2SiO3 (1:1) as an alkaline activator. The geopolymers were cured for 7 and 28 days at ambient temperatures. Thermograms showed the dehydroxylation of kaolinite at 450-650 °C. X-ray flourescene (XRF) analysis showed CC’s predominant oxides as SiO2 (53.1%) and Al2O3 (41.4%), while PA exhibited SiO2 (46.6%), CaO (13.8%), PbO (1.30%), ZnO (0.28%), and CuO (0.04%). Thermal treatment eliminated most FTIR bands associated with kaolinite, converting crystalline kaolinite into amorphous metakaolinite. Geopolymer setting time ranged from 75 min (100% CC) to 111 min (85% CC). Furthermore, elevated Cao content in the PA resulted in the geopolymer’s early strength development. However, the compressive strength decreased as PA quantity increased, with 95% CC-PA exhibiting maximum strength (22.5 ± 0.2 MPa) after 28 days. Further tests confirmed that 95% and 90% CC-PA geopolymer effectively stabilized Pb and Cu. Fabricated geopolymers met the ASTM (C62-17) Specification Standard for building brick, indicating their suitability as a waste-based construction material under controlled conditions.","PeriodicalId":23323,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution","volume":"4 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140702867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rubiyatno, Aulia Maulana, Jovale Vincent V. Tongco, Arma Yulisa, Sang Hyeok Park, Md Abu Hanifa Jannat, Rega Permana, Ocean Thakali, Michael Lie, Aouatif Fahssi, Ouahiba Aziez, Camilo Bastidas
Chlorpyrifos (CP) is a widely used organophosphate pesticide known for its recalcitrant nature, raising concerns about potential ecological and health impacts due to its toxicity. Many plants and animals are contaminated with this pesticide. Microbial biodegradation offers an environmentally friendly and effective method to remove CP from the environment and mitigate its impacts, especially given its low cost, particularly when bioremediation is conducted on-site. Different types of microbial species have been found to function under various environmental conditions, with some, like Pseudomonas nitroreducens PS-2 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NCIM 2074), showing promising results with degradation rates of up to 100%. However, challenges exist, such as partial degradation caused by the presence of metabolites, and the recalcitrant nature of CP, which can impede microbes' ability to effectively degrade its hydrocarbon ring. Overall, a combination of approaches, such as microbial and algal methods, or the discovery of new microbial strains, can help overcome these challenges and further enhance the long-term viability of this technique.
{"title":"Biodegradation of Chlorpyrifos by Microbes: A Review","authors":"Rubiyatno, Aulia Maulana, Jovale Vincent V. Tongco, Arma Yulisa, Sang Hyeok Park, Md Abu Hanifa Jannat, Rega Permana, Ocean Thakali, Michael Lie, Aouatif Fahssi, Ouahiba Aziez, Camilo Bastidas","doi":"10.53623/tasp.v4i1.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53623/tasp.v4i1.403","url":null,"abstract":"Chlorpyrifos (CP) is a widely used organophosphate pesticide known for its recalcitrant nature, raising concerns about potential ecological and health impacts due to its toxicity. Many plants and animals are contaminated with this pesticide. Microbial biodegradation offers an environmentally friendly and effective method to remove CP from the environment and mitigate its impacts, especially given its low cost, particularly when bioremediation is conducted on-site. Different types of microbial species have been found to function under various environmental conditions, with some, like Pseudomonas nitroreducens PS-2 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NCIM 2074), showing promising results with degradation rates of up to 100%. However, challenges exist, such as partial degradation caused by the presence of metabolites, and the recalcitrant nature of CP, which can impede microbes' ability to effectively degrade its hydrocarbon ring. Overall, a combination of approaches, such as microbial and algal methods, or the discovery of new microbial strains, can help overcome these challenges and further enhance the long-term viability of this technique.","PeriodicalId":23323,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution","volume":"24 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140235401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Ogungbile, A. Ajibare, A. Enochoghene, T. Ogunbode, O. Omotayo, Christiana Tinuola Ekanade, M. K. Sridhar, J. Akande
This study assessed the phytoremediation potential of sunflowers for removing cadmium from the soil around a paint manufacturing industry in Eleyele, Ibadan. Background levels of Cd in the topsoil and subsoil were determined. The site was divided into two plots. Organo-mineral fertilizer (OMF) was applied to the first plot, which served as the experimental plot, while the second plot was without OMF and served as the control. Concentrations of cadmium in the plants were determined using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Baseline mean Cd contents were 29.23 mg/kg and 33.30 mg/kg for topsoil and subsoil, respectively. Over the planting period, the sunflower plants removed 53.1% and 51.6% of Cd from the topsoil and subsoil in the test plot, while 40.65% and 47.80% were removed from the topsoil and subsoil, respectively, in the control. Cd absorption from the contaminated soils was found to be translocated to all parts of the sunflower. The concentrations of Cd in the sunflower parts were as follows: root system (10.70 mg/kg), shoot (8.17 mg/kg), leaves (6.43 mg/kg), and seeds (2.52 mg/kg) for the test plot. For the control plots, Cd in the root, shoot, leaves, and seeds were 7.60 mg/kg, 7.43 mg/kg, 4.75 mg/kg, and 2.03 mg/kg, respectively. The study confirmed that sunflowers have the potential to remediate Cd from contaminated soil, and this potential was enhanced by the application of OMF.
{"title":"Phytoremediation with Sunflower (Helionthus annus) and Its Capacity for Cadmium Removal in Contaminated Soils","authors":"P. Ogungbile, A. Ajibare, A. Enochoghene, T. Ogunbode, O. Omotayo, Christiana Tinuola Ekanade, M. K. Sridhar, J. Akande","doi":"10.53623/tasp.v4i1.343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53623/tasp.v4i1.343","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the phytoremediation potential of sunflowers for removing cadmium from the soil around a paint manufacturing industry in Eleyele, Ibadan. Background levels of Cd in the topsoil and subsoil were determined. The site was divided into two plots. Organo-mineral fertilizer (OMF) was applied to the first plot, which served as the experimental plot, while the second plot was without OMF and served as the control. Concentrations of cadmium in the plants were determined using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Baseline mean Cd contents were 29.23 mg/kg and 33.30 mg/kg for topsoil and subsoil, respectively. Over the planting period, the sunflower plants removed 53.1% and 51.6% of Cd from the topsoil and subsoil in the test plot, while 40.65% and 47.80% were removed from the topsoil and subsoil, respectively, in the control. Cd absorption from the contaminated soils was found to be translocated to all parts of the sunflower. The concentrations of Cd in the sunflower parts were as follows: root system (10.70 mg/kg), shoot (8.17 mg/kg), leaves (6.43 mg/kg), and seeds (2.52 mg/kg) for the test plot. For the control plots, Cd in the root, shoot, leaves, and seeds were 7.60 mg/kg, 7.43 mg/kg, 4.75 mg/kg, and 2.03 mg/kg, respectively. The study confirmed that sunflowers have the potential to remediate Cd from contaminated soil, and this potential was enhanced by the application of OMF.","PeriodicalId":23323,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution","volume":"107 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140461174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Agboyi River in Lagos, Nigeria provides important ecosystem services; however, anthropogenic activities are polluting the river, necessitating periodic monitoring. This study assessed the heavy metal content (lead, cadmium, chromium, copper, and arsenic) in water samples from the river. Additionally, we evaluated various physicochemical parameters, including pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), conductivity, hardness, magnesium, calcium, chloride, sulfate, and nitrate. The values of each heavy metal were used to calculate human average daily ingestion (ADI), average daily dermal exposure (ADDE), hazard quotient (HQ), and carcinogenic risk (CR). The physicochemical analysis revealed non-permissible levels of TDS, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, hardness, magnesium, calcium, sulfate, nitrate, chloride, and phosphate. The heavy metal analysis showed intolerable levels of lead, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and copper. The ADIs for the heavy metals were within the recommended dietary intake (RDI), but their ADDEs exceeded the RDI, except for chromium. The HQ and CR for all heavy metals exceeded recommended limits. Seasonal variations were observed in the physicochemical parameters, with TDS, turbidity, acidity, nitrate, and phosphate being higher in the wet season, while other parameters were higher in the dry season. The water poses health hazards to users, indicating the need for river remediation.
{"title":"Assessment of Anthropogenic Impact on Ecosystem Service Safety of Agboyi River in Lagos, Southwestern, Nigeria","authors":"Tajudeen Olanrewaju Yahaya, Titilola Fausat Salisu, Abdulganiyu Yunusa, Emmanuel John, Abdulrahman Bashir Yusuf, None Abdulrazak Karabonde Umar, Oluwatosin Abe","doi":"10.53623/tasp.v3i2.281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53623/tasp.v3i2.281","url":null,"abstract":"The Agboyi River in Lagos, Nigeria provides important ecosystem services; however, anthropogenic activities are polluting the river, necessitating periodic monitoring. This study assessed the heavy metal content (lead, cadmium, chromium, copper, and arsenic) in water samples from the river. Additionally, we evaluated various physicochemical parameters, including pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), conductivity, hardness, magnesium, calcium, chloride, sulfate, and nitrate. The values of each heavy metal were used to calculate human average daily ingestion (ADI), average daily dermal exposure (ADDE), hazard quotient (HQ), and carcinogenic risk (CR). The physicochemical analysis revealed non-permissible levels of TDS, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, hardness, magnesium, calcium, sulfate, nitrate, chloride, and phosphate. The heavy metal analysis showed intolerable levels of lead, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and copper. The ADIs for the heavy metals were within the recommended dietary intake (RDI), but their ADDEs exceeded the RDI, except for chromium. The HQ and CR for all heavy metals exceeded recommended limits. Seasonal variations were observed in the physicochemical parameters, with TDS, turbidity, acidity, nitrate, and phosphate being higher in the wet season, while other parameters were higher in the dry season. The water poses health hazards to users, indicating the need for river remediation.","PeriodicalId":23323,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution","volume":"17 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135874430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The increasing emphasis on sustainability has led many nations to introduce ESG-related regulatory frameworks. These frameworks aim to regulate and guide financial investments based on the ESG performance of companies while ensuring transparency to prevent the manipulation of sustainability-related information concerning investment products. This article reviews the regulatory and disclosure frameworks implemented in different nations and regions to identify their key components. The review reveals that these regulatory frameworks capture the environmental aspects encompassing climate change adaptation and mitigation, identification, evaluation and management of climate risks, circular economy practices, and pollution prevention. They also cover the social aspects, which include community development, employee welfare, and human rights. Additionally, governance aspects comprising anti-corruption measures, diversity within company boards and management, and the implementation of due diligence were included. The increased emphasis on transparency underscores the importance of disclosure. In this regard, the disclosure frameworks largely align with the recommendations of the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures, which cover governance, strategies for identifying and assessing risks and opportunities, their impacts on a company's finances and operations, resilience-building through scenario analyses, risk management integration with the overall organizational risk management, and the use of metrics and targets to measure performance. Malaysia could benefit from adopting comprehensive regulatory and disclosure frameworks that address ESG holistically, with elements related to the circular economy and dual materiality included in the frameworks. Future studies could focus on standardizing the development of metrics and targets to facilitate performance comparisons.
{"title":"A Review of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Regulatory Frameworks: Their Implications on Malaysia","authors":"Kuok Ho Daniel Tang","doi":"10.53623/tasp.v3i2.282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53623/tasp.v3i2.282","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing emphasis on sustainability has led many nations to introduce ESG-related regulatory frameworks. These frameworks aim to regulate and guide financial investments based on the ESG performance of companies while ensuring transparency to prevent the manipulation of sustainability-related information concerning investment products. This article reviews the regulatory and disclosure frameworks implemented in different nations and regions to identify their key components. The review reveals that these regulatory frameworks capture the environmental aspects encompassing climate change adaptation and mitigation, identification, evaluation and management of climate risks, circular economy practices, and pollution prevention. They also cover the social aspects, which include community development, employee welfare, and human rights. Additionally, governance aspects comprising anti-corruption measures, diversity within company boards and management, and the implementation of due diligence were included. The increased emphasis on transparency underscores the importance of disclosure. In this regard, the disclosure frameworks largely align with the recommendations of the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures, which cover governance, strategies for identifying and assessing risks and opportunities, their impacts on a company's finances and operations, resilience-building through scenario analyses, risk management integration with the overall organizational risk management, and the use of metrics and targets to measure performance. Malaysia could benefit from adopting comprehensive regulatory and disclosure frameworks that address ESG holistically, with elements related to the circular economy and dual materiality included in the frameworks. Future studies could focus on standardizing the development of metrics and targets to facilitate performance comparisons.","PeriodicalId":23323,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136193747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vidia Wahyu Meidy Safitri, A. Yuniarto, A. Purnomo, Bara Awanda Marhendra
Earlier research demonstrated the efficacy of microbial fuel cells in both wastewater treatment and renewable electric current generation. In this process, microbial fuel cells harness the potential of wastewater as a substrate and energy source, enabling microorganisms to generate electric current. Introducing microorganisms sourced from septage sludge acts as a microbial catalyst. Additionally, tofu wastewater is employed as a nutritional resource to support the growth of these microorganisms. A dual-chamber reactor was utilized to carry out this study, featuring an anode and a cathode connected through a salt bridge. Various substrate variations were performed on the anode, specifically with a combination of tofu liquid waste and septage sludge at ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3. Additionally, different electrolyte solutions, such as KMnO4 and K3(Fe(CN)6), were used at the cathode. Using different electrolyte solutions as electron acceptors can enhance the electric current production generated. The study spanned 240 hours of operation, during which electric current, voltage, COD, and BOD measurements were taken at 48-hour intervals. The findings revealed that including septage sludge in a 1:3 ratio yielded the highest current strength compared to other substrate variations, measuring 16.34 mA. When using a 0.25 M KMnO4 as an electrolyte solution, the voltage recorded was 8.78 V. Additionally, the most effective removal of COD and BOD content was achieved with a substrate ratio of 1:3 in the presence of KMnO4, achieving removal rates of 95.12% and 96.45%, respectively. These results indicate that adding septage sludge contributes to increased electricity current production.
{"title":"The Effect of Septage Sludge and Oxidizing Agents in the Microbial Fuel Cells Generating Electricity","authors":"Vidia Wahyu Meidy Safitri, A. Yuniarto, A. Purnomo, Bara Awanda Marhendra","doi":"10.53623/tasp.v3i2.272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53623/tasp.v3i2.272","url":null,"abstract":"Earlier research demonstrated the efficacy of microbial fuel cells in both wastewater treatment and renewable electric current generation. In this process, microbial fuel cells harness the potential of wastewater as a substrate and energy source, enabling microorganisms to generate electric current. Introducing microorganisms sourced from septage sludge acts as a microbial catalyst. Additionally, tofu wastewater is employed as a nutritional resource to support the growth of these microorganisms. A dual-chamber reactor was utilized to carry out this study, featuring an anode and a cathode connected through a salt bridge. Various substrate variations were performed on the anode, specifically with a combination of tofu liquid waste and septage sludge at ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3. Additionally, different electrolyte solutions, such as KMnO4 and K3(Fe(CN)6), were used at the cathode. Using different electrolyte solutions as electron acceptors can enhance the electric current production generated. The study spanned 240 hours of operation, during which electric current, voltage, COD, and BOD measurements were taken at 48-hour intervals. The findings revealed that including septage sludge in a 1:3 ratio yielded the highest current strength compared to other substrate variations, measuring 16.34 mA. When using a 0.25 M KMnO4 as an electrolyte solution, the voltage recorded was 8.78 V. Additionally, the most effective removal of COD and BOD content was achieved with a substrate ratio of 1:3 in the presence of KMnO4, achieving removal rates of 95.12% and 96.45%, respectively. These results indicate that adding septage sludge contributes to increased electricity current production.","PeriodicalId":23323,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89158109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Okafor, Onwugbenu Nneoma Anastasia, Umeoduagu Nnamdi Dike
The microbiological and physicochemical properties of bore-hole waters from water reservoirs in selected hostels in ifite-Awka metropolis were evaluated. Five (5) bore-hole water samples from stored-water tanks were evaluated to ascertain the physicochemical parameters, presence and population of different bacterial and fungal groups. Total heterotrophic bacterial (THC) counts ranged from 1.20x103 cfu/ml to 6.5x103 while the fungal counts spanned from 2.5x103 cfu/ml to 8.9x103 cfu/ml. Bacteria obtained from the borehole waters include Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. E. coli was the most prevalent with MPN 380/100 ml of water reported in sample A while Shigella sp. was the least prevalent with MPN 130/100 ml of water reported in samples B and E. Fungal isolates obtained include Aspergillus species, Candida species, Acremonium species and Cladosporium species. E. coli and Aspergillus spp. were predominant than other isolates. The pH ranged from 6.65 to 7.47; hardness ranged from 92 mg/l to 156 mg/l and Iron concentration ranges from 0.267 ppm to 0.378 ppm, phosphate contents ranged from 2.375 to 6.125 while Nitrate contents ranged from 1.071 to 6.214. The presence of these organisms in water meant for municipalities indicates faecal contamination. This calls for improved sanitary conditions of reservoir tanks in these locations and beyond.
{"title":"Microbiological Quality and Physico-chemical Properties of Bore-Hole Water from Stored Water Tanks in Selected Hostels in Ifite-Awka, Nigeria","authors":"U. Okafor, Onwugbenu Nneoma Anastasia, Umeoduagu Nnamdi Dike","doi":"10.53623/tasp.v3i2.267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53623/tasp.v3i2.267","url":null,"abstract":"The microbiological and physicochemical properties of bore-hole waters from water reservoirs in selected hostels in ifite-Awka metropolis were evaluated. Five (5) bore-hole water samples from stored-water tanks were evaluated to ascertain the physicochemical parameters, presence and population of different bacterial and fungal groups. Total heterotrophic bacterial (THC) counts ranged from 1.20x103 cfu/ml to 6.5x103 while the fungal counts spanned from 2.5x103 cfu/ml to 8.9x103 cfu/ml. Bacteria obtained from the borehole waters include Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. E. coli was the most prevalent with MPN 380/100 ml of water reported in sample A while Shigella sp. was the least prevalent with MPN 130/100 ml of water reported in samples B and E. Fungal isolates obtained include Aspergillus species, Candida species, Acremonium species and Cladosporium species. E. coli and Aspergillus spp. were predominant than other isolates. The pH ranged from 6.65 to 7.47; hardness ranged from 92 mg/l to 156 mg/l and Iron concentration ranges from 0.267 ppm to 0.378 ppm, phosphate contents ranged from 2.375 to 6.125 while Nitrate contents ranged from 1.071 to 6.214. The presence of these organisms in water meant for municipalities indicates faecal contamination. This calls for improved sanitary conditions of reservoir tanks in these locations and beyond.","PeriodicalId":23323,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86190592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. A. Kristanti, F. Ningsih, Indri Yati, J. Kasongo, Elias Mtui, Kong Rachana
Bisphenol A (BPA) is recognized as an endocrine disruptor, capable of interfering with the normal functioning of hormones within the body by mimicking the effects of estrogen. Drinking water is one of the most common pathways of exposure to BPA as it can permeate plastic products and other materials, entering water sources. This article presents a comprehensive overview of BPA, including its incidence, origins, environmental fate, its impact on human health, and the role of fungi in the biodegradation of BPA. Fungi are natural decomposers, capable of breaking down organic compounds, including BPA, under suitable conditions. Studies have demonstrated that specific species of fungi can effectively biodegrade BPA. Some fungi utilize ligninolytic enzymes, such as laccases and peroxidases, to break down the phenolic rings of BPA. Other fungi employ non-ligninolytic enzymes, such as esterases and hydrolases, to cleave the ester linkages in BPA. Furthermore, some fungi can break down BPA via cometabolic pathways, whereby the chemical is degraded as a side reaction to the degradation of another substrate. The use of immobilized enzymes for BPA degradation has also demonstrated potential. Immobilized enzymes are those that are attached to a solid support, such as a polymer or matrix, allowing them to be used multiple times and enhance their stability and catalytic activity
{"title":"Role of Fungi in Biodegradation of Bisphenol A: A Review","authors":"R. A. Kristanti, F. Ningsih, Indri Yati, J. Kasongo, Elias Mtui, Kong Rachana","doi":"10.53623/tasp.v3i2.241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53623/tasp.v3i2.241","url":null,"abstract":"Bisphenol A (BPA) is recognized as an endocrine disruptor, capable of interfering with the normal functioning of hormones within the body by mimicking the effects of estrogen. Drinking water is one of the most common pathways of exposure to BPA as it can permeate plastic products and other materials, entering water sources. This article presents a comprehensive overview of BPA, including its incidence, origins, environmental fate, its impact on human health, and the role of fungi in the biodegradation of BPA. Fungi are natural decomposers, capable of breaking down organic compounds, including BPA, under suitable conditions. Studies have demonstrated that specific species of fungi can effectively biodegrade BPA. Some fungi utilize ligninolytic enzymes, such as laccases and peroxidases, to break down the phenolic rings of BPA. Other fungi employ non-ligninolytic enzymes, such as esterases and hydrolases, to cleave the ester linkages in BPA. Furthermore, some fungi can break down BPA via cometabolic pathways, whereby the chemical is degraded as a side reaction to the degradation of another substrate. The use of immobilized enzymes for BPA degradation has also demonstrated potential. Immobilized enzymes are those that are attached to a solid support, such as a polymer or matrix, allowing them to be used multiple times and enhance their stability and catalytic activity","PeriodicalId":23323,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81877371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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