Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) versus chemotherapy on the prognosis of real-world diffuse pleural mesothelioma patients in China.
Methods: Clinical data of 90 patients with diffuse pleural mesothelioma from 2019 to 2022 were collected from Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital. Patients were divided into two groups: the ICIs-treated group (n = 46) and the chemotherapy-only group (n = 44). The efficacy and safety of immunotherapy relative to chemotherapy at different treatment stages were explored.
Results: The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 10.0 and 7.0 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was 24.7 and 15.8 months in the ICIs-treated group and the chemotherapy group, respectively. The ICIs-treated group showed an 11% increase in objective response rate (ORR) (52.2% vs. 41.0%) and an 8.0% increase in disease control rate (DCR) (78.3% vs. 70.0%) compared to the chemotherapy group. The Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated significant PFS (HR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.38-0.98; p = 0.038) and OS (HR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.26-0.86; p = 0.011) benefits of receiving immunotherapy over chemotherapy alone. Subgroup analysis according to treatment timing showed the same trend.
Conclusion: In patients with nonsurgical diffuse pleural mesothelioma, immunotherapy achieved better survival benefits compared to chemotherapy in both first- and second-/third-line treatments. The early addition of immunotherapy improved survival in patients with nonsurgical diffuse pleural mesothelioma.
{"title":"Comparative efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors versus chemotherapy alone in diffuse pleural mesothelioma.","authors":"Xuemei Zhang, Lele Chang, Qian Ma, Qian Zhang, Wansu Xu, Qingwei Li","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15386","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) versus chemotherapy on the prognosis of real-world diffuse pleural mesothelioma patients in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical data of 90 patients with diffuse pleural mesothelioma from 2019 to 2022 were collected from Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital. Patients were divided into two groups: the ICIs-treated group (n = 46) and the chemotherapy-only group (n = 44). The efficacy and safety of immunotherapy relative to chemotherapy at different treatment stages were explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 10.0 and 7.0 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was 24.7 and 15.8 months in the ICIs-treated group and the chemotherapy group, respectively. The ICIs-treated group showed an 11% increase in objective response rate (ORR) (52.2% vs. 41.0%) and an 8.0% increase in disease control rate (DCR) (78.3% vs. 70.0%) compared to the chemotherapy group. The Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated significant PFS (HR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.38-0.98; p = 0.038) and OS (HR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.26-0.86; p = 0.011) benefits of receiving immunotherapy over chemotherapy alone. Subgroup analysis according to treatment timing showed the same trend.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with nonsurgical diffuse pleural mesothelioma, immunotherapy achieved better survival benefits compared to chemotherapy in both first- and second-/third-line treatments. The early addition of immunotherapy improved survival in patients with nonsurgical diffuse pleural mesothelioma.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11246780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141262962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Antiangiogenic treatment and immunochemotherapy effectively treat patients with advanced esophageal cancer. However, there remains a dearth of studies concerning neoadjuvant therapy for resectable esophageal cancer.
Methods: The study focused on patients with T2-4NxM0 resectable esophageal carcinoma. Neoadjuvant treatment involved administering anlotinib (10 mg orally, once a day, 2 weeks on and 1 week off) for antiangiogenesis and sintilimab (200 mg) and chemotherapy for three cycles. Surgical treatment was performed 4-6 weeks after the last chemotherapy cycle was completed. The primary endpoints assessed were pathological complete response (pCR) and safety.
Results: Out of the 34 screened patients, 17 were successfully enrolled in the study, and 14 completed the entire treatment process. The pCR was 35.3% (6/17). However, two patients experienced mortality. The occurring rate of grade 3 or higher complications after the surgery was 78.6% (11/14) according to Clavien-Dindo classification. Specifically, anastomotic leakage was observed in 57.1% (8/14) of the patients.
Conclusion: Compared to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the current regimen demonstrated improved pCR. However, it did not show significant improvement compared to immunochemotherapy. It is essential to exercise caution when using this treatment approach in patients with esophageal cancer as it might increase postoperative complications, especially anastomotic leakage.
{"title":"A prospective single-center, single-arm, open-label, phase II study of sintilimab and anlotinib combined with chemotherapy in neoadjuvant treatment of resectable esophageal cancer.","authors":"Hongtao Duan, Zhaoyang Wang, Lili Cao, Yifang Zhu, Liping Tong, Xiaolong Yan","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15312","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antiangiogenic treatment and immunochemotherapy effectively treat patients with advanced esophageal cancer. However, there remains a dearth of studies concerning neoadjuvant therapy for resectable esophageal cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study focused on patients with T2-4NxM0 resectable esophageal carcinoma. Neoadjuvant treatment involved administering anlotinib (10 mg orally, once a day, 2 weeks on and 1 week off) for antiangiogenesis and sintilimab (200 mg) and chemotherapy for three cycles. Surgical treatment was performed 4-6 weeks after the last chemotherapy cycle was completed. The primary endpoints assessed were pathological complete response (pCR) and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 34 screened patients, 17 were successfully enrolled in the study, and 14 completed the entire treatment process. The pCR was 35.3% (6/17). However, two patients experienced mortality. The occurring rate of grade 3 or higher complications after the surgery was 78.6% (11/14) according to Clavien-Dindo classification. Specifically, anastomotic leakage was observed in 57.1% (8/14) of the patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the current regimen demonstrated improved pCR. However, it did not show significant improvement compared to immunochemotherapy. It is essential to exercise caution when using this treatment approach in patients with esophageal cancer as it might increase postoperative complications, especially anastomotic leakage.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11219283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141071985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-05-27DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15337
Jeong Uk Lim, Kyuhwan Kim, Kyu Yean Kim, Hye Seon Kang, Ah Young Shin, Chang Dong Yeo, Sung Kyoung Kim, Chan Kwon Park, Sang Haak Lee, Seung Joon Kim
Background: Lazertinib is an oral, third-generation EGFR-TKI, which specifically targets the EGFR T790M mutation along with activating mutations Ex19del and L858R. More real-world data are needed to evaluate its efficacy and safety in treating locally advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) following prior EGFR TKI treatment.
Methods: This multicenter retrospective study was conducted at seven university hospitals affiliated to the Catholic Medical Center (CMC) in Korea. A clinical data warehouse (CDW) platform was used to access and extract information.
Results: A total of 48 patients were assessed. The majority were female (75%) and diagnosed with adenocarcinoma (95.8%). All patients had the EGFR mutation at diagnosis, 27 (56.3%) had the exon 19 deletion, 20 (41.7%) had the L858R mutation, and one (2.0%) had the exon 18 mutation. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 15.4 months. At 6, 12, and 18 months, PFS rates were 79.1%, 53.6%, and 27.3%, respectively. When PFS was analyzed by prior TKI duration (<18 months vs. >18 months), significant differences were noted at the 6 and 9-month mark (p = 0.013 and p = 0.010, respectively). In multivariate analysis for PFS, only prior TKI duration and ECOG score showed statistical significance (p = 0.026 and p = 0.049, respectively). In the multivariate analysis for OS, ECOG score showed statistical significance (p = 0.006). Among 48 patients, 34 (70.8%) experienced adverse events (AEs) related to lazertinib. The most frequent AEs were skin reaction (29.8%), diarrhea (21.3%), and peripheral neuropathy (20.8%).
Conclusions: The results suggest that lazertinib is effective in second or more line settings, with tolerable safety profile. More patient data are necessary to find possible prognostic markers associated with patient outcome.
背景介绍拉唑替尼是一种口服的第三代表皮生长因子受体-TKI,它专门针对表皮生长因子受体T790M突变以及激活突变Ex19del和L858R。我们需要更多真实世界的数据来评估它在治疗既往接受过 EGFR TKI 治疗的局部晚期和转移性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中的疗效和安全性:这项多中心回顾性研究在韩国天主教医疗中心(CMC)下属的七家大学医院进行。使用临床数据仓库(CDW)平台访问和提取信息:共有 48 名患者接受了评估。大多数患者为女性(75%),被诊断为腺癌(95.8%)。所有患者确诊时均存在表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)突变,其中27例(56.3%)存在19号外显子缺失,20例(41.7%)存在L858R突变,1例(2.0%)存在18号外显子突变。中位无进展生存期(PFS)为 15.4 个月。在6、12和18个月时,无进展生存率分别为79.1%、53.6%和27.3%。当按先前 TKI 治疗时间(18 个月)分析 PFS 时,发现在 6 个月和 9 个月时存在显著差异(分别为 p = 0.013 和 p = 0.010)。在 PFS 的多变量分析中,只有先前 TKI 持续时间和 ECOG 评分显示出统计学意义(分别为 p = 0.026 和 p = 0.049)。在 OS 的多变量分析中,ECOG 评分具有统计学意义(p = 0.006)。在48名患者中,有34人(70.8%)出现了与拉唑替尼相关的不良事件(AEs)。最常见的不良反应是皮肤反应(29.8%)、腹泻(21.3%)和周围神经病变(20.8%):结果表明,拉唑替尼在二线或更多线治疗中有效,且安全性可耐受。要找到与患者预后相关的可能预后标志物,还需要更多的患者数据。
{"title":"Real-world study of lazertinib as second-line or greater treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Jeong Uk Lim, Kyuhwan Kim, Kyu Yean Kim, Hye Seon Kang, Ah Young Shin, Chang Dong Yeo, Sung Kyoung Kim, Chan Kwon Park, Sang Haak Lee, Seung Joon Kim","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15337","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lazertinib is an oral, third-generation EGFR-TKI, which specifically targets the EGFR T790M mutation along with activating mutations Ex19del and L858R. More real-world data are needed to evaluate its efficacy and safety in treating locally advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) following prior EGFR TKI treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter retrospective study was conducted at seven university hospitals affiliated to the Catholic Medical Center (CMC) in Korea. A clinical data warehouse (CDW) platform was used to access and extract information.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 48 patients were assessed. The majority were female (75%) and diagnosed with adenocarcinoma (95.8%). All patients had the EGFR mutation at diagnosis, 27 (56.3%) had the exon 19 deletion, 20 (41.7%) had the L858R mutation, and one (2.0%) had the exon 18 mutation. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 15.4 months. At 6, 12, and 18 months, PFS rates were 79.1%, 53.6%, and 27.3%, respectively. When PFS was analyzed by prior TKI duration (<18 months vs. >18 months), significant differences were noted at the 6 and 9-month mark (p = 0.013 and p = 0.010, respectively). In multivariate analysis for PFS, only prior TKI duration and ECOG score showed statistical significance (p = 0.026 and p = 0.049, respectively). In the multivariate analysis for OS, ECOG score showed statistical significance (p = 0.006). Among 48 patients, 34 (70.8%) experienced adverse events (AEs) related to lazertinib. The most frequent AEs were skin reaction (29.8%), diarrhea (21.3%), and peripheral neuropathy (20.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results suggest that lazertinib is effective in second or more line settings, with tolerable safety profile. More patient data are necessary to find possible prognostic markers associated with patient outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11219289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141155630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-06-03DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15333
Ling Kai Chang, Shun Mao Yang, Ning Chien, Chao Chun Chang, Hsin Yueh Fang, Ming Cheng Liu, Kao Lun Wang, Wei Chan Lin, Frank Cheau Feng Lin, Cheng Yen Chuang, Po Kuei Hsu, Tsai Wang Huang, Chun Ku Chen, Yeun Chung Chang, Kai Wen Huang
In this article, the multidisciplinary team of the Taiwan Academy of Tumor Ablation, who have expertise in treating lung cancer, present their perspectives on percutaneous image-guided thermal ablation (IGTA) of lung tumors. The modified Delphi technique was applied to reach a consensus on clinical practice guidelines concerning ablation procedures, including a comprehensive literature review, selection of panelists, creation of a rating form and survey, and arrangement of an in-person meeting where panelists agreed or disagreed on various points. The conclusion was a final rating and written summary of the agreement. The multidisciplinary expert team agreed on 10 recommendations for the use of IGTA in the lungs. These recommendations include terms and definitions, line of treatment planning, modality, facility rooms, patient anesthesia settings, indications, margin determination, post-ablation image surveillance, qualified centers, and complication ranges. In summary, IGTA is a safe and feasible approach for treating primary and metastatic lung tumors, with a relatively low complication rate. However, decisions regarding the ablation technique should consider each patient's specific tumor characteristics.
{"title":"2024 multidisciplinary consensus on image-guided lung tumor ablation from the Taiwan Academy of Tumor Ablation.","authors":"Ling Kai Chang, Shun Mao Yang, Ning Chien, Chao Chun Chang, Hsin Yueh Fang, Ming Cheng Liu, Kao Lun Wang, Wei Chan Lin, Frank Cheau Feng Lin, Cheng Yen Chuang, Po Kuei Hsu, Tsai Wang Huang, Chun Ku Chen, Yeun Chung Chang, Kai Wen Huang","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15333","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article, the multidisciplinary team of the Taiwan Academy of Tumor Ablation, who have expertise in treating lung cancer, present their perspectives on percutaneous image-guided thermal ablation (IGTA) of lung tumors. The modified Delphi technique was applied to reach a consensus on clinical practice guidelines concerning ablation procedures, including a comprehensive literature review, selection of panelists, creation of a rating form and survey, and arrangement of an in-person meeting where panelists agreed or disagreed on various points. The conclusion was a final rating and written summary of the agreement. The multidisciplinary expert team agreed on 10 recommendations for the use of IGTA in the lungs. These recommendations include terms and definitions, line of treatment planning, modality, facility rooms, patient anesthesia settings, indications, margin determination, post-ablation image surveillance, qualified centers, and complication ranges. In summary, IGTA is a safe and feasible approach for treating primary and metastatic lung tumors, with a relatively low complication rate. However, decisions regarding the ablation technique should consider each patient's specific tumor characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11246786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141237994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The AmoyDx Pan lung cancer PCR panel (AmoyDx PLC panel) has been approved as a companion diagnostic tool for multiple anticancer agents in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the suitability of cytology specimens as samples for the AmoyDx PLC panel remains unclear. We evaluated the performance of frozen cell pellets from cytology specimens (FCPs) in the Amoy 9-in-1 assay, a preapproval assay of the AmoyDx PLC panel.
Methods: We retrospectively collected data of NSCLC patients enrolled in LC-SCRUM-Asia from the Shizuoka Cancer Center between September 2019 and May 2021.
Results: A total of 49 cases submitted FCPs for evaluation of oncogenic driver alterations and were assessed using Amoy 9-in-1 and next-generation sequencing (NGS) assays. The success rates of DNA and RNA analyses using the Amoy 9-in-1 were both 100%, compared with 86% and 45%, respectively, using NGS assays. Oncogenic driver alterations were detected in 27 (55%) and 23 (47%) patients using Amoy 9-in-1 and NGS, respectively. No inconsistent results were observed among 19 cases in which both assays showed successful detection. In the remaining 30 cases, 10 had inconsistent results: nine oncogenic driver alterations (3 MET, 2 ALK, 2 ROS1, and 2 KRAS) were detectable only in Amoy 9-in-1, and one epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation was detectable only in NGS.
Conclusion: FCPs can be successfully used in the AmoyDx PLC panel, with higher success rate compared with the NGS assay. The AmoyDx PLC panel may be an option in cases when insufficient tissue sample is available for the NGS assay.
{"title":"Suitability of frozen cell pellets from cytology specimens for the Amoy 9-in-1 assay in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Hiroaki Kodama, Haruyasu Murakami, Nobuaki Mamesaya, Haruki Kobayashi, Shota Omori, Kazushige Wakuda, Ryo Ko, Akira Ono, Hirotsugu Kenmotsu, Tateaki Naito, Shingo Matsumoto, Koichi Goto, Tetsuo Shimizu, Yasuhiro Gon, Toshiaki Takahashi","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15382","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The AmoyDx Pan lung cancer PCR panel (AmoyDx PLC panel) has been approved as a companion diagnostic tool for multiple anticancer agents in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the suitability of cytology specimens as samples for the AmoyDx PLC panel remains unclear. We evaluated the performance of frozen cell pellets from cytology specimens (FCPs) in the Amoy 9-in-1 assay, a preapproval assay of the AmoyDx PLC panel.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively collected data of NSCLC patients enrolled in LC-SCRUM-Asia from the Shizuoka Cancer Center between September 2019 and May 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 49 cases submitted FCPs for evaluation of oncogenic driver alterations and were assessed using Amoy 9-in-1 and next-generation sequencing (NGS) assays. The success rates of DNA and RNA analyses using the Amoy 9-in-1 were both 100%, compared with 86% and 45%, respectively, using NGS assays. Oncogenic driver alterations were detected in 27 (55%) and 23 (47%) patients using Amoy 9-in-1 and NGS, respectively. No inconsistent results were observed among 19 cases in which both assays showed successful detection. In the remaining 30 cases, 10 had inconsistent results: nine oncogenic driver alterations (3 MET, 2 ALK, 2 ROS1, and 2 KRAS) were detectable only in Amoy 9-in-1, and one epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation was detectable only in NGS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FCPs can be successfully used in the AmoyDx PLC panel, with higher success rate compared with the NGS assay. The AmoyDx PLC panel may be an option in cases when insufficient tissue sample is available for the NGS assay.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11260549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141427638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
When a mass occurs at the staple line following lung resection, it can be difficult to distinguish between local cancer recurrence and granuloma. We present a case of a staple‐line granuloma with 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography uptake and elevated serum carbohydrate antigen 19–9 (CA19‐9) in a patient with ovarian cancer lung metastasis. After granuloma resection, serum CA19‐9 levels normalized, and CA19‐9 positive cells were identified in the resected tumor. Therefore, serum CA19‐9 elevation does not rule out a staple‐line granuloma. Whereas granulomas on computed tomography (CT) scans tend to show smooth shadows along the staple line unilaterally, detailed CT evaluation may help diagnostic differentiation. Differentiation based on imaging and tumor markers has limitations. However, core needle biopsy has the risk of misdiagnosis and tumor cell dissemination, therefore surgical resection should be considered when comprehensive findings indicate a potential recurrence.
{"title":"Epithelial granuloma occurring on the staple‐stump after segmentectomy for ovarian cancer lung metastasis","authors":"Shoji Kuriyama, Kazuhiro Imai, Hiroshi Nanjo, Shinogu Takashima, Hidenobu Iwai, Ryo Demura, Haruka Suzuki, Yuzu Harata, Sumire Shibano, Yoshihiro Minamiya","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15387","url":null,"abstract":"When a mass occurs at the staple line following lung resection, it can be difficult to distinguish between local cancer recurrence and granuloma. We present a case of a staple‐line granuloma with 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography uptake and elevated serum carbohydrate antigen 19–9 (CA19‐9) in a patient with ovarian cancer lung metastasis. After granuloma resection, serum CA19‐9 levels normalized, and CA19‐9 positive cells were identified in the resected tumor. Therefore, serum CA19‐9 elevation does not rule out a staple‐line granuloma. Whereas granulomas on computed tomography (CT) scans tend to show smooth shadows along the staple line unilaterally, detailed CT evaluation may help diagnostic differentiation. Differentiation based on imaging and tumor markers has limitations. However, core needle biopsy has the risk of misdiagnosis and tumor cell dissemination, therefore surgical resection should be considered when comprehensive findings indicate a potential recurrence.","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BackgroundLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common type of lung cancer and closely associated with the immune system. Emerging evidence suggests that blood immune cell phenotypes in patients with LUAD may undergo alterations. Nevertheless, the limited amount of relevant research makes it difficult to understand the causal links between LUAD and changes in the immune cells. This study aimed to reveal the potential causal relationships between 731 immune cell phenotypes and LUAD.MethodsA bidirectional two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to clarify causal relationships. Four types of immune phenotypes, absolute cell counts, relative cell counts, median fluorescence intensities (MFIs) of surface antigens, and morphological parameters, were investigated in this study. Heterogeneity tests, horizontal pleiotropy tests, and leave‐one‐out analyses were performed to validate the reliability of our study.ResultsA total of 26 immune cell characteristics were identified as contributing to the occurrence of LUAD. Memory B cells, IgD−CD38br cells, CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DCs) may play a role in the development of LUAD. Through reverse MR, our study discovered that the presence of LUAD also induced changes in the expression levels of 16 immune cell traits involving specific surface markers and various types of immune cells, some of which pertain to antigen presentation and immune activation processes.ConclusionOur study demonstrated causal links between several immune cell phenotypes and LUAD, thereby providing indications of the potentially oncogenic physiological state and early screening biomarkers for future research.
{"title":"Causal relationships between immune cell phenotypes and lung adenocarcinoma: A bidirectional two‐sample Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Bowen Li, Zhicheng Huang, Yadong Wang, Chao Guo, Naixin Liang, Huaxia Yang, Shanqing Li","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15394","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common type of lung cancer and closely associated with the immune system. Emerging evidence suggests that blood immune cell phenotypes in patients with LUAD may undergo alterations. Nevertheless, the limited amount of relevant research makes it difficult to understand the causal links between LUAD and changes in the immune cells. This study aimed to reveal the potential causal relationships between 731 immune cell phenotypes and LUAD.MethodsA bidirectional two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to clarify causal relationships. Four types of immune phenotypes, absolute cell counts, relative cell counts, median fluorescence intensities (MFIs) of surface antigens, and morphological parameters, were investigated in this study. Heterogeneity tests, horizontal pleiotropy tests, and leave‐one‐out analyses were performed to validate the reliability of our study.ResultsA total of 26 immune cell characteristics were identified as contributing to the occurrence of LUAD. Memory B cells, IgD<jats:sup>−</jats:sup>CD38<jats:sup>br</jats:sup> cells, CD4<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> regulatory T cells (Tregs), and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DCs) may play a role in the development of LUAD. Through reverse MR, our study discovered that the presence of LUAD also induced changes in the expression levels of 16 immune cell traits involving specific surface markers and various types of immune cells, some of which pertain to antigen presentation and immune activation processes.ConclusionOur study demonstrated causal links between several immune cell phenotypes and LUAD, thereby providing indications of the potentially oncogenic physiological state and early screening biomarkers for future research.","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although dabrafenib plus trametinib has been approved for BRAF V600E mutation positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), data on its efficacy against uncommon BRAF mutations are still limited due to their rare frequency. We report a case of 70-year-old woman with BRAF V600_W604 deletion-insertion R-positive stage IVA lung adenocarcinoma, who was successfully treated with dabrafenib plus trametinib. Herein, we discuss the oncogenic role of uncommon BRAF mutations and highlight the importance of performing comprehensive genomic profiling on patients without any targetable gene alterations in companion diagnostics.
{"title":"Response to dabrafenib plus trametinib on a rare BRAF mutation (V600_W604 deletion-insertion R) in an advanced non-small cell lung cancer patient.","authors":"Akiko Tamura, Ryoko Inaba Higashiyama, Tatsuya Yoshida, Yaya Satozono, Yuichiro Ohe","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15330","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although dabrafenib plus trametinib has been approved for BRAF V600E mutation positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), data on its efficacy against uncommon BRAF mutations are still limited due to their rare frequency. We report a case of 70-year-old woman with BRAF V600_W604 deletion-insertion R-positive stage IVA lung adenocarcinoma, who was successfully treated with dabrafenib plus trametinib. Herein, we discuss the oncogenic role of uncommon BRAF mutations and highlight the importance of performing comprehensive genomic profiling on patients without any targetable gene alterations in companion diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11194117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an antitumor therapy and has traditionally been regarded as a localized therapy in itself. However, recent reports have shown that it not only exerts a direct cytotoxic effect on cancer cells but also enhances body's tumor immunity. We hypothesized that the immunological response induced by PDT could potentially enhance the efficacy of programmed death-1 (PD-1) / programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade.
Methods: The cytotoxic effects of PDT on colon 26 cells were investigated in vitro using the WST assay. We investigated whether the antitumor effect of anti-PD-1 antibodies could be amplified by the addition of PDT. We performed combination therapy by randomly allocating tumor-bearing mice to four treatment groups: control, anti-PD-1 antibodies, PDT, and a combination of anti-PD-1 antibodies and PDT. To analyze the tumor microenvironment after treatment, the tumors were resected and pathologically evaluated.
Results: The viability rate of colon 26 cells decreased proportionally with the laser dose. In vivo experiments for combined PDT and anti-PD-1 antibody treatment, combination therapy showed an enhanced antitumor effect compared with the control. Immunohistochemical findings of the tumor microenvironment 10 days after PDT indicated that the number of CD8+ cells, the area of Iba-1+ cells and the area expressing PD-L1 were significantly higher in tumors treated with combination therapy than in tumors treated with anti-PD-1 antibody alone, PDT alone, or the control.
Conclusions: PDT increased immune cell infiltration into the tumor microenvironment. The immunological response induced by PDT may enhance the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade.
{"title":"Enhanced systemic antitumor efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade with immunological response induced by photodynamic therapy.","authors":"Takumi Sonokawa, Yukio Fujiwara, Cheng Pan, Yoshihiro Komohara, Jitsuo Usuda","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15325","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an antitumor therapy and has traditionally been regarded as a localized therapy in itself. However, recent reports have shown that it not only exerts a direct cytotoxic effect on cancer cells but also enhances body's tumor immunity. We hypothesized that the immunological response induced by PDT could potentially enhance the efficacy of programmed death-1 (PD-1) / programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cytotoxic effects of PDT on colon 26 cells were investigated in vitro using the WST assay. We investigated whether the antitumor effect of anti-PD-1 antibodies could be amplified by the addition of PDT. We performed combination therapy by randomly allocating tumor-bearing mice to four treatment groups: control, anti-PD-1 antibodies, PDT, and a combination of anti-PD-1 antibodies and PDT. To analyze the tumor microenvironment after treatment, the tumors were resected and pathologically evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The viability rate of colon 26 cells decreased proportionally with the laser dose. In vivo experiments for combined PDT and anti-PD-1 antibody treatment, combination therapy showed an enhanced antitumor effect compared with the control. Immunohistochemical findings of the tumor microenvironment 10 days after PDT indicated that the number of CD8+ cells, the area of Iba-1+ cells and the area expressing PD-L1 were significantly higher in tumors treated with combination therapy than in tumors treated with anti-PD-1 antibody alone, PDT alone, or the control.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PDT increased immune cell infiltration into the tumor microenvironment. The immunological response induced by PDT may enhance the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11194119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140912477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of intratumoral metabolic heterogeneity and quantitative 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging parameters in predicting patient outcomes in thymic epithelial tumors (TETs).
Methods: This retrospective study included 100 patients diagnosed with TETs who underwent pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT. The maximum and mean standardized uptake values (SUVmax and SUVmean), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) on PET/CT were measured. Heterogeneity index-1 (HI-1; standard deviation [SD] divided by SUVmean) and heterogeneity index-2 (HI-2; linear regression slopes of the MTV according with different SUV thresholds), were evaluated as heterogeneity indices. Associations between these parameters and patient survival outcomes were analyzed.
Results: The univariate analysis showed that Masaoka stage, TNM stage, WHO classification, SUVmax, SUVmean, TLG, and HI-1 were significant prognostic factors for progression-free survival (PFS), while MTV, HI-2, age, gender, presence of myasthenia gravis, and maximum tumor diameter were not. Subsequently, multivariate analyses showed that HI-1 (p < 0.001) and TNM stage (p = 0.002) were independent prognostic factors for PFS. For the overall survival analysis, TNM stage, WHO classification, SUVmax, and HI-1 were significant prognostic factors in the univariate analysis, while TNM stage remained an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analyses (p = 0.024). The Kaplan Meier survival analyses showed worse prognoses for patients with TNM stages III and IV and HI-1 ≥ 0.16 compared to those with stages I and II and HI-1 < 0.16 (log-rank p < 0.001).
Conclusion: HI-1 and TNM stage were independent prognostic factors for progression-free survival in TETs. HI-1 generated from baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT might be promising to identify patients with poor prognosis.
{"title":"Intratumoral metabolic heterogeneity by <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT to predict prognosis for patients with thymic epithelial tumors.","authors":"Fangfang Chao, Ran Wang, Xingmin Han, Wenpeng Huang, Ruihua Wang, Yanxia Yu, Xuyang Lin, Ping Yuan, Meng Yang, Jianbo Gao","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15331","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of intratumoral metabolic heterogeneity and quantitative <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT imaging parameters in predicting patient outcomes in thymic epithelial tumors (TETs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 100 patients diagnosed with TETs who underwent pretreatment <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT. The maximum and mean standardized uptake values (SUVmax and SUVmean), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) on PET/CT were measured. Heterogeneity index-1 (HI-1; standard deviation [SD] divided by SUVmean) and heterogeneity index-2 (HI-2; linear regression slopes of the MTV according with different SUV thresholds), were evaluated as heterogeneity indices. Associations between these parameters and patient survival outcomes were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The univariate analysis showed that Masaoka stage, TNM stage, WHO classification, SUVmax, SUVmean, TLG, and HI-1 were significant prognostic factors for progression-free survival (PFS), while MTV, HI-2, age, gender, presence of myasthenia gravis, and maximum tumor diameter were not. Subsequently, multivariate analyses showed that HI-1 (p < 0.001) and TNM stage (p = 0.002) were independent prognostic factors for PFS. For the overall survival analysis, TNM stage, WHO classification, SUVmax, and HI-1 were significant prognostic factors in the univariate analysis, while TNM stage remained an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analyses (p = 0.024). The Kaplan Meier survival analyses showed worse prognoses for patients with TNM stages III and IV and HI-1 ≥ 0.16 compared to those with stages I and II and HI-1 < 0.16 (log-rank p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HI-1 and TNM stage were independent prognostic factors for progression-free survival in TETs. HI-1 generated from baseline <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT might be promising to identify patients with poor prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11194121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140959649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}