Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology最新文献

Objectives: SENTIX was a prospective, single-arm, international multicenter study that evaluated sentinel lymph node biopsy without pelvic lymph node dissection in patients with early-stage cervical cancer. We aimed to evaluate the concordance between preoperative imaging modalities (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound) and final pathology in the clinical staging of early-stage cervical cancer by post-hoc analysis of the SENTIX study data.

Methods: In total, 47 sites across 18 countries participated in the SENTIX study. Patients with Stage IA1/lymphovascular space invasion-positive to IB2 (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) classification (2018)) cervical cancer, with usual histological types and no suspicious lymph nodes on imaging, were prospectively enrolled between May 2016 and October 2020. Preoperative pelvic clinical staging on either pelvic MRI or ultrasound examination was mandatory. Tumor size discrepancy (< 10 mm vs ≥ 10 mm) between imaging and pathology, as well as the negative predictive value (NPV) of MRI and ultrasound for parametrial involvement and lymph node macrometastasis, were analyzed.

Results: Among 690 eligible prospectively enrolled patients, MRI and ultrasound were used as the staging imaging modality in 322 (46.7%) and 298 (43.2%) patients, respectively. A discrepancy of tumor size ≥ 10 mm was reported between ultrasound and final pathology in 39/298 (13.1%) patients and between MRI and pathology in 53/322 (16.5%), with no significant difference in the accuracy of tumor measurement between the two imaging modalities. The NPV of ultrasound in assessing parametrial infiltration and lymph node involvement was 97.0% (95% CI, 0.95-0.99%) and 94.0% (95% CI, 0.91-0.97%), respectively, and that of MRI was 95.3% (95% CI, 0.93-0.98%) and 94.1% (95% CI, 0.92-0.97%), respectively, with no significant differences between the parameters. Ultrasound and MRI were comparable regarding the tumor size measurement (P = 0.452), failure to detect parametrial involvement (P = 0.624) and failure to detect macrometastases in sentinel lymph node (P = 0.876).

Conclusions: Pelvic ultrasound examination and MRI had similar concordance with histology in the assessment of tumor size and of parametrial and lymph node invasion in early-stage cervical cancer. Ultrasound examination should be considered part of preoperative pelvic clinical staging in early-stage cervical cancer, especially in limited-resource regions where MRI is unavailable. © 2025 The Author(s). Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Objectives: To investigate further the incidence and types of fetal abnormality identified at a routine 36-week ultrasound examination, which had not been diagnosed in previous scans at 20 weeks and 12 weeks' gestation, and to report the fetal abnormalities that are diagnosed only postnatally.

Methods: This was a prospective study of 104 151 women with a singleton pregnancy attending for a routine ultrasound examination at 35 + 0 to 36 + 6 weeks' gestation. In each case, a detailed examination was carried out for the diagnosis of fetal abnormality. All women had undergone a previous ultrasound examination at 19 + 0 to 23 + 6 weeks and 95 801 (92.0%) women also had a scan at 11 + 0 to 14 + 1 weeks. We excluded pregnancies with known aneuploidy. Fetal abnormalities were classified according to the affected major organ system, and the type and incidence of new abnormalities were determined.

Results: There were four main findings of this study. First, in the study population, abnormality was identified in 2552 (2.5%) fetuses/neonates. Second, at the 36-week scan, abnormality was detected in 2144 (2.1%) fetuses and the most common abnormalities first detected at the 36-week scan were ventricular septal defect, unilateral or bilateral hydronephrosis, unilateral empty renal fossa (with or without pelvic kidney), unilateral or bilateral duplex kidney and mild ventriculomegaly. Third, 1341 (62.5%) of the fetuses with abnormality detected at the 36-week scan had been diagnosed previously during the first or second trimester and therefore, the incidence of abnormality detected for the first time in the third trimester was 0.77% (803/104 151). The most common abnormalities that were diagnosed exclusively for the first time during the third-trimester scan were ovarian cyst, achondroplasia, microcephaly, vein of Galen malformation and hematocolpos. Fourth, the incidence of abnormality detected for the first time postnatally was 0.39% (408/104 151). The most common abnormalities detected for the first time postnatally were polydactyly, oligodactyly or syndactyly, hypospadias/epispadias, mild talipes treated with physiotherapy, ventricular septal defect and isolated cleft palate. The most common abnormalities diagnosed exclusively for the first time postnatally were isolated cleft palate, anal atresia, atrial septal defect and esophageal atresia with fistula.

Conclusion: A high proportion of fetal abnormalities are detected for the first time during a routine 36-week scan. Such diagnosis and subsequent management, including the selection of timing and place for delivery and postnatal investigation, could potentially improve postnatal outcome. © 2025 The Author(s). Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

The International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG) with the European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO) jointly developed clinically relevant and evidence-based statements on performing ultrasound-guided biopsies in gynecological oncology. The objective of this Consensus Statement is to assist clinicians, including gynecological sonographers, gynecological oncologists and radiologists, to achieve the best standards of practice in ultrasound-guided biopsy procedures. ISUOG/ESGO nominated a multidisciplinary international group of 16 experts who have demonstrated leadership in the use of ultrasound-guided biopsy in the clinical management of patients with gynecological cancer. In addition, two early-career gynecological fellows were nominated to participate from the European Network of Young Gynae Oncologists (ENYGO) within ESGO and from ISUOG. The group also included a patient representative from the European Network of Gynaecological Cancer Advocacy Groups. The document is divided into six sections: (1) general recommendations; (2) image-guided biopsy (imaging guidance, sampling methods); (3) indications and contraindications; (4) technique; (5) reporting; and (6) training and quality assurance. To ensure that the statements are evidence-based, the current literature was reviewed and critically appraised. Preliminary statements were drafted based on this review of the literature. During a conference call, the whole group discussed each preliminary statement, and a first round of voting was carried out. The group achieved consensus on all 46 preliminary statements without the need for revision. These ISUOG/ESGO statements on ultrasound-guided biopsy in gynecological oncology, together with a summary of the evidence supporting each statement, are presented herein. This Consensus Statement is supplemented by detailed narrated videoclips presenting different approaches and indications for ultrasound-guided biopsy, a patient leaflet, and an extended version which includes a detailed review of the evidence. © 2025 The Authors. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG) and by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the European Society of Gynaecological Oncology and the International Gynecologic Cancer Society.

Objective: To assess the performance of a standardized first-trimester ultrasound screening strategy for fetal congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods: This was a large retrospective study involving 74 839 consecutive mixed-risk pregnancies (77 396 fetuses). Routine ultrasound scans at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks' gestation were performed in a single center from January 2015 to June 2023. All fetuses were examined using a predefined standardized ultrasound scanning strategy with adjustment of imaging parameters, which included assessment of the fetal heart. The ultrasound results (e.g. extracardiac congenital malformations), ultrasound markers (e.g. nuchal translucency thickening, reversed a-wave in the ductus venosus and tricuspid regurgitation), follow-up, genetic tests and diagnostic results were recorded and analyzed.

Results: In total, there were 831 cases of CHD, with an incidence of 1.07% (831/77 396). In the first-trimester scan, 590 fetuses were diagnosed with CHD, but four were confirmed as normal in later examinations. In addition, 245 cases were missed. The detection rate was 70.52%, with a sensitivity, specificity, false-positive rate and false-negative rate of 70.52%, 99.99%, 0.01% and 29.48%, respectively. In fetuses with negative ultrasound markers and no extracardiac malformations, the detection rate of CHD was 45.79% (185/404). There were 281 cases that underwent karyotyping and chromosomal microarray (245 fetuses) or whole-exome sequencing (36 fetuses). In total, 38.79% (109/281) had a positive genetic test result. There were 273/831 CHD cases associated with extracardiac malformations. The abnormal image patterns and abnormal features of each view in the scanning strategy were summarized.

Conclusions: Ultrasound screening for fetal CHD in the first trimester of pregnancy enables earlier prenatal diagnosis and consultation. The standardized ultrasound screening strategy used in this study had a high detection rate for fetal CHD in the first trimester. Our proposed fetal heart screening strategy shows promising effectiveness for early diagnosis of CHD and we recommend its use. It is important to note, however, that first-trimester ultrasound screening for fetal CHD should not replace fetal echocardiography in the second trimester. © 2025 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Objective: To compare the safety and effectiveness of different methods, both ablative and non-ablative, to treat hydrosalpinx in infertile patients before in-vitro fertilization embryo transfer (IVF-ET) via a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA).

Methods: A structured literature search was conducted in common citation databases. Eligibility criteria included peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cohort studies comparing the effectiveness and/or safety of different hydrosalpinx treatments, including salpingectomy, laparoscopic proximal tubal occlusion (LTO), insertion of an intratubal device (ITD), ultrasound-guided aspiration, sclerotherapy and expectant management. Primary outcomes were live birth, ongoing pregnancy and clinical pregnancy. Miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy and procedural complications were considered as secondary outcomes. The main NMA included only RCTs, while observational studies were included in a secondary aggregate NMA. Pooled effects were summarized as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CI for direct and indirect comparisons, derived from random-effects models. Imprecision of NMA estimates was assessed by comparison of their 95% CIs with predefined thresholds for effect size considered to represent clinical relevance (OR < 0.9 or >1.1). Heterogeneity for NMA findings was estimated using the variance of the distribution of the underlying treatment effects (τ²), expressed as a 95% prediction interval. Surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was used to predict relative treatment rankings for each outcome.

Results: The main analysis included nine RCTs, while an additional 17 observational studies were incorporated into the aggregate analysis. The NMA of RCTs revealed no significant differences in live birth rate between hydrosalpinx treatment methods, with LTO achieving the highest SUCRA value (0.9). Salpingectomy and ultrasound-guided aspiration significantly increased the ongoing pregnancy rate compared with no treatment (OR, 4.35 (95% CI, 1.70-11.14) and 2.80 (95% CI, 1.03-7.58), respectively), with salpingectomy having the highest SUCRA value (0.9). Clinical pregnancy rate was significantly higher following salpingectomy (OR, 2.24 (95% CI, 1.30-3.86)) and LTO (OR, 2.55 (95% CI, 1.20-5.51)) compared with no treatment, despite some heterogeneity; LTO had the highest SUCRA value (0.8). NMA showed no significant differences in secondary outcomes between treatments. Aggregate NMA indicated that sclerotherapy significantly increased the live birth rate compared with no treatment. Higher ongoing pregnancy rate was observed in patients treated with salpingectomy, ultrasound-guided aspiration and LTO compared to untreated patients, with salpingectomy having the highest SUCRA value (0.9). Except for ITD insertion, all interventions increased the clinical pregnancy rate compared with no treatment. LTO had a greater effect on cl