Pub Date : 2012-01-13DOI: 10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9460
Omar Ali Mondal, M Emdadul Haque, N. Islam
Chloroform extracts of the fruit shell, leaves, root bark, root wood, seeds, stem bark and stem wood of Derris indica were tested for their antibacterial and larvicidal potentials. Except the seed extract all other extracts offered activity against 15 pathogenic bacteria. The fruit shell extract showed activity against B. cereus , S.- β - haemolyticus and S. typhi ; the leaf extract against Klebsiella sp. only; the root bark against B. cereus , B. megaterium , B. subtilis , S. - β - haemolyticus , S. typhi , S. dysenteriae and S. sonnei ; the root wood extract against B. sereus , B. megaterium , B. subtilis , S. - β - haemolyticus , S. typhi , S. dysenteriae , S. shiga , S. sonnei , Klebsiella sp. and P. aeruginosa ; the stem bark extract against B. cereus, B. subtilis , S. - β - haemolyticus and S. sonnei and the stem wood extract against B. cereus , B. megaterium , B. subtilis , S. - β - haemolyticus , S. typhi and S. dysenteriae . According to the intensity of activity against the selected bacteria the D. indica extracts could be arranged in a descending order of root wood> root bark> stem wood> stem bark> fruit shell> leaf extract. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the chloroform extract of root wood of D. indica were 128 μg/ml against S. -β- haemolyticus , B. megaterium and S. dysenteriae and 64 μg/ml against B. cereus ; for the stem wood extract 128 μg/ml against S. -β- haemolyticus , B. megaterium , B. cereus and B. subtilis, and 64 μg/ml against S. dysenteriae . The root bark, root wood, seed and stem wood extracts showed efficacy against the 3rd instar larvae of Musca domestica with LC50 values in a descending order of root wood (3615.92 ppm) > seed (5538.07 ppm) > stem wood (12139.40 ppm) > root bark (16721.24 ppm). Key words: Chloroform extract; Derris indica ; antibacterial and larvicidal activity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9460 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 17-22
{"title":"Antibacterial and larvicidal potentials of Derris indica (Lamk.) Bennet. extractives","authors":"Omar Ali Mondal, M Emdadul Haque, N. Islam","doi":"10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9460","url":null,"abstract":"Chloroform extracts of the fruit shell, leaves, root bark, root wood, seeds, stem bark and stem wood of Derris indica were tested for their antibacterial and larvicidal potentials. Except the seed extract all other extracts offered activity against 15 pathogenic bacteria. The fruit shell extract showed activity against B. cereus , S.- β - haemolyticus and S. typhi ; the leaf extract against Klebsiella sp. only; the root bark against B. cereus , B. megaterium , B. subtilis , S. - β - haemolyticus , S. typhi , S. dysenteriae and S. sonnei ; the root wood extract against B. sereus , B. megaterium , B. subtilis , S. - β - haemolyticus , S. typhi , S. dysenteriae , S. shiga , S. sonnei , Klebsiella sp. and P. aeruginosa ; the stem bark extract against B. cereus, B. subtilis , S. - β - haemolyticus and S. sonnei and the stem wood extract against B. cereus , B. megaterium , B. subtilis , S. - β - haemolyticus , S. typhi and S. dysenteriae . According to the intensity of activity against the selected bacteria the D. indica extracts could be arranged in a descending order of root wood> root bark> stem wood> stem bark> fruit shell> leaf extract. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the chloroform extract of root wood of D. indica were 128 μg/ml against S. -β- haemolyticus , B. megaterium and S. dysenteriae and 64 μg/ml against B. cereus ; for the stem wood extract 128 μg/ml against S. -β- haemolyticus , B. megaterium , B. cereus and B. subtilis, and 64 μg/ml against S. dysenteriae . The root bark, root wood, seed and stem wood extracts showed efficacy against the 3rd instar larvae of Musca domestica with LC50 values in a descending order of root wood (3615.92 ppm) > seed (5538.07 ppm) > stem wood (12139.40 ppm) > root bark (16721.24 ppm). Key words: Chloroform extract; Derris indica ; antibacterial and larvicidal activity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9460 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 17-22","PeriodicalId":23467,"journal":{"name":"University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University","volume":"62 1","pages":"17-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83996631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-01-13DOI: 10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9469
K. Ahsan, SM Rahman
An investigation was conducted with ten exotic varieties of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. to estimate variability, heritability and genetic advance for nine quantitative characters. A wide range of variation was observed for the majority of the traits and a major portion of the total phenotypic variation was of genetic in nature. The maximum phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was found in filament length (21.45, 21.44) and the minimum in hatching percentage (1.52, 1.44), respectively. A moderate to high heritability was recorded for these varieties. Filament length showed the highest heritability (99.98). A comparatively high heritability accompanied by a high genetic advance was also noted for majority of the traits. Substantial variability, high heritability and high genetic advance for filament length, weight of mature larvae, total number of eggs laid per female and effective rate of rearing by weight recorded in this study would afford scope for effective selection. Key words : Bombyx mori; genetic variation; exotic varieties. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9469 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 65-67
{"title":"Genetic variation of some quantitative traits in ten exotic varieties of silkworm, Bombyx mori L.","authors":"K. Ahsan, SM Rahman","doi":"10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9469","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation was conducted with ten exotic varieties of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. to estimate variability, heritability and genetic advance for nine quantitative characters. A wide range of variation was observed for the majority of the traits and a major portion of the total phenotypic variation was of genetic in nature. The maximum phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was found in filament length (21.45, 21.44) and the minimum in hatching percentage (1.52, 1.44), respectively. A moderate to high heritability was recorded for these varieties. Filament length showed the highest heritability (99.98). A comparatively high heritability accompanied by a high genetic advance was also noted for majority of the traits. Substantial variability, high heritability and high genetic advance for filament length, weight of mature larvae, total number of eggs laid per female and effective rate of rearing by weight recorded in this study would afford scope for effective selection. Key words : Bombyx mori; genetic variation; exotic varieties. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9469 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 65-67","PeriodicalId":23467,"journal":{"name":"University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University","volume":"76 1","pages":"65-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86889799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-01-13DOI: 10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9461
R. Khatun, W. Islam, K. Mondal
Fecundity and egg viability of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) females were significantly (P<0.01) reduced by synthetic pyrethroids and an alkaloid containing insecticide nimbicidine. In control, the average number of eggs laid by each female/day was 12.18. The lowest number of eggs laid by each female/day was noted as 4.38 when combining nimbicidine with two pyrethroids i.e., cypermethrin and deltamethrin. The percentage of egg hatching without insecticide treatment was 95%. The lowest percent of egg hatching was 63.95 when the adult female was fed on flour medium treated with combined doses of cypermethrin, deltamethrin and nimbicidine. Among the treated insecticides, nimbicidine (80.69%) proved effective in reducing the fertility than those of cypermethrin (86.05%) and deltamethrin (88.52%). Key words : Tribolium ; cypermethrin; deltamethrin; nimbicidine; fecundity; fertility DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9461 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 23-27
{"title":"Efficacy of cypermethrin, deltamethrin and nimbicidine on fecundity and egg viability of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)","authors":"R. Khatun, W. Islam, K. Mondal","doi":"10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9461","url":null,"abstract":"Fecundity and egg viability of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) females were significantly (P<0.01) reduced by synthetic pyrethroids and an alkaloid containing insecticide nimbicidine. In control, the average number of eggs laid by each female/day was 12.18. The lowest number of eggs laid by each female/day was noted as 4.38 when combining nimbicidine with two pyrethroids i.e., cypermethrin and deltamethrin. The percentage of egg hatching without insecticide treatment was 95%. The lowest percent of egg hatching was 63.95 when the adult female was fed on flour medium treated with combined doses of cypermethrin, deltamethrin and nimbicidine. Among the treated insecticides, nimbicidine (80.69%) proved effective in reducing the fertility than those of cypermethrin (86.05%) and deltamethrin (88.52%). Key words : Tribolium ; cypermethrin; deltamethrin; nimbicidine; fecundity; fertility DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9461 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 23-27","PeriodicalId":23467,"journal":{"name":"University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University","volume":"28 1","pages":"23-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91258327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-01-13DOI: 10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9462
M. Mia, M. Shah
An experiment was conducted for a period of eight weeks under laboratory conditions to determine the effect of different salinity levels on the survival and growth of crablings of mud crab, Scylla serrata. The different salinity levels tested were: 5 ppt, 10 ppt, 15 ppt, 20 ppt and 25 ppt. The differences in growth increment in terms of body weight (BW) were significant (p<0.05) among different salinity treatments. The specific growth rate (SGR%/day) values of 2.67, 2.85, 4.07, 4.39 and 4.46 at 5 ppt, 10 ppt, 15 ppt, 20 ppt and 25 ppt, respectively were found significant (p<0.05). The survival rates of crablings were found to be the highest (47.67%) at 25 ppt and lowest (10%) at 5 ppt (p<0.05). The results indicated that increase of salinity from 5 to 25 ppt had significant effect on the survival and growth of mud crablings. Key words : Mud crabling; salinity; specific growth rate; survival rate DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9462 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 29-32
{"title":"Effect of salinity on the survival and growth of mud crabling, Scylla serrata","authors":"M. Mia, M. Shah","doi":"10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9462","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted for a period of eight weeks under laboratory conditions to determine the effect of different salinity levels on the survival and growth of crablings of mud crab, Scylla serrata. The different salinity levels tested were: 5 ppt, 10 ppt, 15 ppt, 20 ppt and 25 ppt. The differences in growth increment in terms of body weight (BW) were significant (p<0.05) among different salinity treatments. The specific growth rate (SGR%/day) values of 2.67, 2.85, 4.07, 4.39 and 4.46 at 5 ppt, 10 ppt, 15 ppt, 20 ppt and 25 ppt, respectively were found significant (p<0.05). The survival rates of crablings were found to be the highest (47.67%) at 25 ppt and lowest (10%) at 5 ppt (p<0.05). The results indicated that increase of salinity from 5 to 25 ppt had significant effect on the survival and growth of mud crablings. Key words : Mud crabling; salinity; specific growth rate; survival rate DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9462 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 29-32","PeriodicalId":23467,"journal":{"name":"University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University","volume":"9 14 1","pages":"29-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87554048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-01-13DOI: 10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9468
S. Chakma, S. Sarker, S. Talukder, Md. Hakimul Haque, E. Chowdhury, A. Bari
Infectious laryngotracheitis is an acute upper respiratory tract infection of chickens caused by infectious laryngotracheitis virus. The study was conducted to standardize the polymerase chain reaction targeting a relatively conserved region of the thymidine kinase gene for the rapid detection of infectious laryngotracheitis virus. The vaccine samples were collected from two renowned company of Bangladesh. DNA was extracted from diluted vaccine samples by using Wizard® Genomic DNA purification kit and thymidine kinase gene was amplified by using PCR system 9600 Thermocycler. Two vaccine samples were positively amplified by polymerase chain reaction. A procedure was developed for rapid detection of infectious laryngotracheitis virus by polymerase chain reaction of the conserved region of viral thymidine kinase gene containing DNA fragments. The results obtained in this study suggested that the polymerase chain reaction procedure could serve as a fast and sensitive method for the detection of vaccine strains of infectious laryngotracheitis viruses. Key words: Infectious laryngotracheitis virus; viral thymidine kinase (TK) gene; polymerase chain reaction DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9468 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 61-64
{"title":"Rapid detection of infectious laryngotracheitis virus by standardization of polymerase chain reaction targeting a relatively conserved region of the thymidine kinase gene","authors":"S. Chakma, S. Sarker, S. Talukder, Md. Hakimul Haque, E. Chowdhury, A. Bari","doi":"10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9468","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious laryngotracheitis is an acute upper respiratory tract infection of chickens caused by infectious laryngotracheitis virus. The study was conducted to standardize the polymerase chain reaction targeting a relatively conserved region of the thymidine kinase gene for the rapid detection of infectious laryngotracheitis virus. The vaccine samples were collected from two renowned company of Bangladesh. DNA was extracted from diluted vaccine samples by using Wizard® Genomic DNA purification kit and thymidine kinase gene was amplified by using PCR system 9600 Thermocycler. Two vaccine samples were positively amplified by polymerase chain reaction. A procedure was developed for rapid detection of infectious laryngotracheitis virus by polymerase chain reaction of the conserved region of viral thymidine kinase gene containing DNA fragments. The results obtained in this study suggested that the polymerase chain reaction procedure could serve as a fast and sensitive method for the detection of vaccine strains of infectious laryngotracheitis viruses. Key words: Infectious laryngotracheitis virus; viral thymidine kinase (TK) gene; polymerase chain reaction DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9468 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 61-64","PeriodicalId":23467,"journal":{"name":"University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University","volume":"45 1","pages":"61-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73551305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-01-13DOI: 10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9459
M. Siddique, M. A. Hussain, Mosharrof Hossain, M. M. Alam
The present study was conducted on seasonal abundance of phytoplankton of prawn based carp polyculture system fishponds for a period of six months from September 2006 to February in the village Meherchandi of Boalia thana under Rajshahi district of Bangladesh. During the study period, it was found that water temperature varied from 16.59°C (T 2 ) to 29.82 (T 1 ), transparency 26.72 (T 1 ) to 40.13cm (T2), pH 7.21 (T 1 ) to 8.0 (T 2 ) DO 2.13 (T 2 ) to 3.6mg/l (T 2 ), CO 2 4.63 (T 1 ) to 10.63mg/l (T 2 ), NH 3 N 0.001 (T 1 ) to 0.0197mg/l (T 2 ) and total alkalinity fluctuated from 85.38 (T 1 ) to 147.75mgl (T 2 ). A total four groups of zooplankton were identified where 5 rotifera (38.41%) was dominant followed by 3 cladocera (31.49%), 2 copepoda (21.84%) and crustacean larvae (8.26%). It was also found that zooplankton showed abundance in February. The highest total average zooplankton (18390.79±2144.63 cells/l) was recorded in T 1 than T 2 which might be due to the effective uses by high stocking density of fishes. Zooplankton showed positive correlation with pH, DO, CO 2 and alkalinity in T 1 . In case of T 2 , positive co-relationship was found with pH, DO, CO 2 and NH 3 -N. The mean values of highest final weight of M. rosenbergii , H. molitrix and C. catla were 89.20±8.62g (T 1 ), 682.70±44.20g (T 2 ) and 428.00±4.50g (T 1 ) respectively, highest survival rate was found 76.25±6.25% (T 1 ) of prawn and highest total average yield was obtained 940.65±259.43 kg/ha in T 2 due to high stocking densities of prawn. Key words: Zooplankton abundance; physico-chemical parameters; carp polyculture; growth performance DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9459 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 9-15
本研究于2006年9月至2月在孟加拉国Rajshahi地区Boalia thana的Meherchandi村对以对虾为基础的鲤鱼混养系统鱼塘的季节性浮游植物丰度进行了为期6个月的研究。在研究期间,发现水温变化从16.59°C (T) 2) 29.82 (T 1)透明度26.72 T(1) 40.13厘米(T2)、pH值7.21 (T 1)到8.0 (T (2) 2.13 (T 2) 3.6 mg / l (T 2) CO 2 4.63 T (1) 10.63 mg / l (T 2), NH 3 N 0.001 T (1) 0.0197 mg / l (T 2)和总碱度波动从85.38 (T 1) 147.75球型(T 2)。共鉴定出4种浮游动物，其中轮虫目5种(38.41%)，其次是枝类3种(31.49%)、桡足类2种(21.84%)和甲壳类幼虫(8.26%)。浮游动物在2月份也出现了丰富的现象。浮游动物平均总数(18390.79±2144.63个/l)在t1高于t2，这可能是由于鱼类的高放养密度有效利用所致。浮游动物与t1的pH、DO、co2和碱度呈显著正相关。t2与pH、DO、co2和nh3 -N呈正相关。罗氏沼虾、黄颡鱼和黄颡鱼的最高末重平均值分别为89.20±8.62g (t1)、682.70±44.20g (t2)和428.00±4.50g (t1)，对虾的最高成活率为76.25±6.25% (t1)，总平均产量最高，为940.65±259.43 kg/ hm2。关键词:浮游动物丰度;物理化学参数;鲤鱼polyculture;增长业绩DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9459 UJZRU 2010;29 (1): 15
{"title":"Seasonal abundance of zooplankton and growth performance of prawn and fish in ponds of Rajshahi","authors":"M. Siddique, M. A. Hussain, Mosharrof Hossain, M. M. Alam","doi":"10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9459","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted on seasonal abundance of phytoplankton of prawn based carp polyculture system fishponds for a period of six months from September 2006 to February in the village Meherchandi of Boalia thana under Rajshahi district of Bangladesh. During the study period, it was found that water temperature varied from 16.59°C (T 2 ) to 29.82 (T 1 ), transparency 26.72 (T 1 ) to 40.13cm (T2), pH 7.21 (T 1 ) to 8.0 (T 2 ) DO 2.13 (T 2 ) to 3.6mg/l (T 2 ), CO 2 4.63 (T 1 ) to 10.63mg/l (T 2 ), NH 3 N 0.001 (T 1 ) to 0.0197mg/l (T 2 ) and total alkalinity fluctuated from 85.38 (T 1 ) to 147.75mgl (T 2 ). A total four groups of zooplankton were identified where 5 rotifera (38.41%) was dominant followed by 3 cladocera (31.49%), 2 copepoda (21.84%) and crustacean larvae (8.26%). It was also found that zooplankton showed abundance in February. The highest total average zooplankton (18390.79±2144.63 cells/l) was recorded in T 1 than T 2 which might be due to the effective uses by high stocking density of fishes. Zooplankton showed positive correlation with pH, DO, CO 2 and alkalinity in T 1 . In case of T 2 , positive co-relationship was found with pH, DO, CO 2 and NH 3 -N. The mean values of highest final weight of M. rosenbergii , H. molitrix and C. catla were 89.20±8.62g (T 1 ), 682.70±44.20g (T 2 ) and 428.00±4.50g (T 1 ) respectively, highest survival rate was found 76.25±6.25% (T 1 ) of prawn and highest total average yield was obtained 940.65±259.43 kg/ha in T 2 due to high stocking densities of prawn. Key words: Zooplankton abundance; physico-chemical parameters; carp polyculture; growth performance DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9459 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 9-15","PeriodicalId":23467,"journal":{"name":"University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University","volume":"108 1","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89224798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-01-13DOI: 10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9458
F. Hoque, W. Islam, M. Khalequzzaman
This paper examines the effect of density and temperature on the functional response of adult female Phytoseiulus persimilis to different life stages of the spider mite, Tetranychus urticae . The functional response was determined using functional response assay technique with plant leaf discs an arena. We conducted a logistic regression of the proportion of prey consumed as a function of initial prey density to identify functional response types, and used nonlinear least-squares regression and the random predator equation to estimate attack rates and handling times. In all the cases number of adult male prey attacked by female predator were greater than adult female prey. P. persimilis consumed more eggs and larvae than other stages of prey. Female predator consumed adult prey at each temperature which generally increased with prey density initially but leveled off at higher prey densities. The highest number of eggs, larvae and nymphs consumed by predator in 24 hours was 16.3 ± 0.42, 9.9 ± 0.59 and 9.5 ± 0.40 respectively whereas the highest number of eggs, larvae and nymphs consumed by a single female in 48 hours was 19.5 ± 1.15, 18.6 ± 0.62 and 13.3 ± 0.65 respectively. Handling time generally decreased with temperature whereas successful attack rate increased with temperature except at 30o C. Judging by a/Th values, P. persimilis was most efficient against T. urticae at 30-35oC, about half as efficient at 25 oC and performed poorly at 20o C. Again, from a/Th values, P. persimilis was most efficient against T. urticae in egg stage, about half as efficient at larva and nymph stages and performed poorly at adult stage. Key words: Phytoseiulus persimilis ; Tetranychus urticae ; functional response; predation; temperature. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9458 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 1-8
{"title":"Functional response of Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot to Tetranychus urticae Koch: effects of prey life stages and temperature","authors":"F. Hoque, W. Islam, M. Khalequzzaman","doi":"10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9458","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the effect of density and temperature on the functional response of adult female Phytoseiulus persimilis to different life stages of the spider mite, Tetranychus urticae . The functional response was determined using functional response assay technique with plant leaf discs an arena. We conducted a logistic regression of the proportion of prey consumed as a function of initial prey density to identify functional response types, and used nonlinear least-squares regression and the random predator equation to estimate attack rates and handling times. In all the cases number of adult male prey attacked by female predator were greater than adult female prey. P. persimilis consumed more eggs and larvae than other stages of prey. Female predator consumed adult prey at each temperature which generally increased with prey density initially but leveled off at higher prey densities. The highest number of eggs, larvae and nymphs consumed by predator in 24 hours was 16.3 ± 0.42, 9.9 ± 0.59 and 9.5 ± 0.40 respectively whereas the highest number of eggs, larvae and nymphs consumed by a single female in 48 hours was 19.5 ± 1.15, 18.6 ± 0.62 and 13.3 ± 0.65 respectively. Handling time generally decreased with temperature whereas successful attack rate increased with temperature except at 30o C. Judging by a/Th values, P. persimilis was most efficient against T. urticae at 30-35oC, about half as efficient at 25 oC and performed poorly at 20o C. Again, from a/Th values, P. persimilis was most efficient against T. urticae in egg stage, about half as efficient at larva and nymph stages and performed poorly at adult stage. Key words: Phytoseiulus persimilis ; Tetranychus urticae ; functional response; predation; temperature. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9458 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 1-8","PeriodicalId":23467,"journal":{"name":"University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79681183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Larvicidal effect of latex from Calotropis gigantea (L.) W.T. Aiton against the mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae)","authors":"K. E. Kabir, A. R. Khan, A. Rahman","doi":"10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9472","url":null,"abstract":"Key words: Culex quinquefasciatus; Calotropis gigantea; latex; larvicidal effect. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9472 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 77-80","PeriodicalId":23467,"journal":{"name":"University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University","volume":"08 1","pages":"77-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88276209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-01-13DOI: 10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9463
A. Islam, M. Razzak, M. H. Islam, A. Saifullah, K. Endo, A. Yamanaka
A field survey of butterflies was carried out in different areas of deciduous forests at Kaliakyar, Gazipur, during January-December, 2008. Seven species of satyrid butterflies were collected and two species, Melanitis leda and Mycalesis mineus were found to exhibit dry and wet season polymorphism. The dry season forms (DSFs) and wet season forms (WSFs) of the both species were distinguished by their upperside and underside wing patterns. The DSFs occurred only in the drier period (November to February) when day length was shorter than 12 hrs. at lower temperatures (24.1-20.6°C). Both the species of butterflies of the wetter period (March - October) were predominant of the WSF when day length was longer than 12 hrs. at higher temperatures (26.8-27.6°C). The fluctuations in the number of seasonal forms of M. leda and M. mineus were higher in DSF than those of WSF. The transition of DSF to WSF and WSF to DSF of M. leda was found to occur around the end of April and the early of September, respectively. But the turnover of DSF to WSF occurred around the early March and the turnover of WSF to DSF in October in M. mineus . Key word: Butterflies; seasons; polymorphism; Melanitis leda; Mycalesis mineus DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9463 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 33-39
{"title":"Dry and wet season polymorphism in the butterflies, Melanitis leda and Mycalesis mineus (Satyridae: Lepidoptera)","authors":"A. Islam, M. Razzak, M. H. Islam, A. Saifullah, K. Endo, A. Yamanaka","doi":"10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9463","url":null,"abstract":"A field survey of butterflies was carried out in different areas of deciduous forests at Kaliakyar, Gazipur, during January-December, 2008. Seven species of satyrid butterflies were collected and two species, Melanitis leda and Mycalesis mineus were found to exhibit dry and wet season polymorphism. The dry season forms (DSFs) and wet season forms (WSFs) of the both species were distinguished by their upperside and underside wing patterns. The DSFs occurred only in the drier period (November to February) when day length was shorter than 12 hrs. at lower temperatures (24.1-20.6°C). Both the species of butterflies of the wetter period (March - October) were predominant of the WSF when day length was longer than 12 hrs. at higher temperatures (26.8-27.6°C). The fluctuations in the number of seasonal forms of M. leda and M. mineus were higher in DSF than those of WSF. The transition of DSF to WSF and WSF to DSF of M. leda was found to occur around the end of April and the early of September, respectively. But the turnover of DSF to WSF occurred around the early March and the turnover of WSF to DSF in October in M. mineus . Key word: Butterflies; seasons; polymorphism; Melanitis leda; Mycalesis mineus DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9463 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 33-39","PeriodicalId":23467,"journal":{"name":"University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University","volume":"9 1","pages":"33-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86652974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-01-13DOI: 10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9467
M. Iqbal, Md. Hakimul Haque, S. Sarker, Ma Islam, K. Choudhury
The immune response of a formalin-inactivated alum-precipitated fowl cholera vaccine (FCV) was evaluated in quails, Coturnix japonica (Order: Galliformes and Family: Mimidae). All quails, irrespective of sex and 8-weeks-old were immunized with 5×10 7 CFU/ml/quail subcutaneously (SC) and intramuscularly (IM). A Booster immunization was given with similar dose and routes at 15 days after primary immunization in groups A and B while group C served as unimmunized control. Pre-immunized sera were collected from all groups of birds to assay the primary antibody levels in them. Sera of the immunized and control quails were collected at 15 and 30 days post immunization. The degree of immunity produced in each group of quails following primary and secondary immunizations were determined by measuring their serum antibody titres using passive haemagglutination assay (PHA) test. The level of antibody was significantly increased both primary and booster immunization in immunized quails as determined by PHA titres. Two weeks after final immunization, the quails were challenged with a virulent isolate of fowl cholera and immunized quails conferred 100% protection while all the control quails were dead within 10 days post challenge. Key words: Fowl cholera; alum-precipitated vaccine; immune response; PHA test; quail DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9467 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 57-59
{"title":"Determination of immune response against alum-precipitated fowl cholera vaccine in the quail, Coturnix japonica","authors":"M. Iqbal, Md. Hakimul Haque, S. Sarker, Ma Islam, K. Choudhury","doi":"10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/UJZRU.V29I1.9467","url":null,"abstract":"The immune response of a formalin-inactivated alum-precipitated fowl cholera vaccine (FCV) was evaluated in quails, Coturnix japonica (Order: Galliformes and Family: Mimidae). All quails, irrespective of sex and 8-weeks-old were immunized with 5×10 7 CFU/ml/quail subcutaneously (SC) and intramuscularly (IM). A Booster immunization was given with similar dose and routes at 15 days after primary immunization in groups A and B while group C served as unimmunized control. Pre-immunized sera were collected from all groups of birds to assay the primary antibody levels in them. Sera of the immunized and control quails were collected at 15 and 30 days post immunization. The degree of immunity produced in each group of quails following primary and secondary immunizations were determined by measuring their serum antibody titres using passive haemagglutination assay (PHA) test. The level of antibody was significantly increased both primary and booster immunization in immunized quails as determined by PHA titres. Two weeks after final immunization, the quails were challenged with a virulent isolate of fowl cholera and immunized quails conferred 100% protection while all the control quails were dead within 10 days post challenge. Key words: Fowl cholera; alum-precipitated vaccine; immune response; PHA test; quail DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9467 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 57-59","PeriodicalId":23467,"journal":{"name":"University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University","volume":"19 5","pages":"57-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72563197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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