Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).77-82
V. H. Bui, N. Nguyen
: The Mekong delta (MD) of Vietnam rests at the end of the lower Mekong basin (LMB) where it is met with serious adverse effects from all upstream activities with severe consequences like landslides and complicated subsidence phenomena. Researchers agree that the main reason for these consequences are the lack of sediment deposited in MD due to the absence of floods and upstream hydropower development. To better understand the causes of the above phenomena, research on the transboundary impact between Vietnam and Cambodia in the MD was carried out [1] . This article develops more reliable scientific evidence of the impacts of upstream water use on the economic, social, and environmental factors of its four national members. It also scientifically demonstrates the transboundary impacts of upstream hydropower and irrigation developments in LMB such as the decline of sediment and the extreme decline of the quantity/yield from natural fisheries under all development scenarios.
{"title":"Fluctuations in agriculture and sediment in the Mekong delta of Vietnam due to increased upstream water use","authors":"V. H. Bui, N. Nguyen","doi":"10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).77-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).77-82","url":null,"abstract":": The Mekong delta (MD) of Vietnam rests at the end of the lower Mekong basin (LMB) where it is met with serious adverse effects from all upstream activities with severe consequences like landslides and complicated subsidence phenomena. Researchers agree that the main reason for these consequences are the lack of sediment deposited in MD due to the absence of floods and upstream hydropower development. To better understand the causes of the above phenomena, research on the transboundary impact between Vietnam and Cambodia in the MD was carried out [1] . This article develops more reliable scientific evidence of the impacts of upstream water use on the economic, social, and environmental factors of its four national members. It also scientifically demonstrates the transboundary impacts of upstream hydropower and irrigation developments in LMB such as the decline of sediment and the extreme decline of the quantity/yield from natural fisheries under all development scenarios.","PeriodicalId":23548,"journal":{"name":"Vietnam Journal of Science, Technology and Engineering","volume":"1965 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87780936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).64-70
Phuong Thi Mai Chu, H. Phan, H. Nguyen, T. Phan
: An inducer-free expression vector for the low expression levels in Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) is necessary for fundamental research. In this study, we constructed inducer-free expression plasmids carrying P spac , a well-known IPTG-inducible promoter, by removing a part of the lacI gene. Then, we analysed the expression of the target genes bgaB and gfp + in B. subtilis. Western blot experiments demonstrated that the reporters from the inducer-free plasmids with P spac could be produced at low levels in B. subtilis strains and were equivalent to their corresponding inducible constructs with 1 mM IPTG. The reporter activities showed that inducer-free expression from the P spac promoter was dramatically less than that of the inducer-free plasmids with the strong promoters P grac 01 and P grac 100 reported previously, about 16.2 to 20.3 times for BgaB and 24.7 to 34.3 times for GFP + , respectively. In conclusion, the inducer-free expression vectors carrying P spac promoters allow the constitutive expression of heterologous recombinant proteins at low levels in B. subtilis .
{"title":"Development of inducer-free expression plasmidsusing IPTG-inducible Pspac promoter for Bacillus subtilis","authors":"Phuong Thi Mai Chu, H. Phan, H. Nguyen, T. Phan","doi":"10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).64-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).64-70","url":null,"abstract":": An inducer-free expression vector for the low expression levels in Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) is necessary for fundamental research. In this study, we constructed inducer-free expression plasmids carrying P spac , a well-known IPTG-inducible promoter, by removing a part of the lacI gene. Then, we analysed the expression of the target genes bgaB and gfp + in B. subtilis. Western blot experiments demonstrated that the reporters from the inducer-free plasmids with P spac could be produced at low levels in B. subtilis strains and were equivalent to their corresponding inducible constructs with 1 mM IPTG. The reporter activities showed that inducer-free expression from the P spac promoter was dramatically less than that of the inducer-free plasmids with the strong promoters P grac 01 and P grac 100 reported previously, about 16.2 to 20.3 times for BgaB and 24.7 to 34.3 times for GFP + , respectively. In conclusion, the inducer-free expression vectors carrying P spac promoters allow the constitutive expression of heterologous recombinant proteins at low levels in B. subtilis .","PeriodicalId":23548,"journal":{"name":"Vietnam Journal of Science, Technology and Engineering","volume":"365 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76890633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).71-76
H. Bui, Vietnam Environment, L. Nguyen, Thanh Tri Nguyen, P. Nguyen
: In this study, a co-digestion pilot scale study of a mixture of domestic wastewater and the organic fraction of food waste using an anaerobic membrane bioreactor was developed. The results show that the removal efficiencies of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) were high and reached more than 90%. However, the removal of nitrogen and phosphate was not remarkable. The daily biogas yield reached 2.12 m 3 /d. The obtained biogas per COD removed was 0.22 m 3 /kgCOD removed . The average generated methane yield was 1.33 m 3 /d, which is equivalent to 0.14 m 3 /kgCOD removed . A high efficiency of organic compound removal combined with a large amount of retained nutrients and high biogas yield suggests the results of this pilot scale study can be practically applied to the recovery of nutrients for agricultural use along with biogas for cooking. These benefits remarkably reduce environmental pollution, especially for decentralized residential areas and independent-stationed military units located far from concentrated wastewater treatment plants.
{"title":"Co-digestion of domestic wastewater and organic fraction of food waste using anaerobic membrane bioreactor: a pilot scale study","authors":"H. Bui, Vietnam Environment, L. Nguyen, Thanh Tri Nguyen, P. Nguyen","doi":"10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).71-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).71-76","url":null,"abstract":": In this study, a co-digestion pilot scale study of a mixture of domestic wastewater and the organic fraction of food waste using an anaerobic membrane bioreactor was developed. The results show that the removal efficiencies of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) were high and reached more than 90%. However, the removal of nitrogen and phosphate was not remarkable. The daily biogas yield reached 2.12 m 3 /d. The obtained biogas per COD removed was 0.22 m 3 /kgCOD removed . The average generated methane yield was 1.33 m 3 /d, which is equivalent to 0.14 m 3 /kgCOD removed . A high efficiency of organic compound removal combined with a large amount of retained nutrients and high biogas yield suggests the results of this pilot scale study can be practically applied to the recovery of nutrients for agricultural use along with biogas for cooking. These benefits remarkably reduce environmental pollution, especially for decentralized residential areas and independent-stationed military units located far from concentrated wastewater treatment plants.","PeriodicalId":23548,"journal":{"name":"Vietnam Journal of Science, Technology and Engineering","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79999017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).59-63
H. K. T. Pham, Hong Nguyen Tran, Xoan Thi Le, K. Nguyen, Hiep T Nguyen, Lap Thi Nguyen, Folk R. William
For AD patients with a severely damaged brain, health care costs are estimated to be hundreds of billions of dollars each year. Currently, no cure for AD is available, but medicines such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are employed to temporarily reduce the symptoms of AD patients although they have significant side effects. Development of effective treatments/drugs with fewer undesirable effects is critically important.
{"title":"Effect of Centella asiatica on cognitive deficits caused in trimethyltin-induced neurotoxicity model mice","authors":"H. K. T. Pham, Hong Nguyen Tran, Xoan Thi Le, K. Nguyen, Hiep T Nguyen, Lap Thi Nguyen, Folk R. William","doi":"10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).59-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).59-63","url":null,"abstract":"For AD patients with a severely damaged brain, health care costs are estimated to be hundreds of billions of dollars each year. Currently, no cure for AD is available, but medicines such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are employed to temporarily reduce the symptoms of AD patients although they have significant side effects. Development of effective treatments/drugs with fewer undesirable effects is critically important.","PeriodicalId":23548,"journal":{"name":"Vietnam Journal of Science, Technology and Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88377115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).36-41
N. Q. Thinh
As a natural biofertilizer, cyanobacteria’s ability to fix N 2 improves the growth and yield of crops through the production of growth promoters such as gibberellins, cytokinins, auxins, vitamins, antibiotics and amino acids [4]. Abstract: Black gram ( Vigna mungo L.) is a high nutrient pulse crop. Its seed quickly and easily deteriorates after harvest, resulting in poor planting material production that must be improved accordingly by seed enhancement methods. The blue-green microalgae Spirulina platensis contains variously beneficial substances, including macro and micro nutrients, vitamins, amino acids and antioxidants. The aim of this study is to improve the vigour and germination of black gram by priming its seeds with Spirulina platensis extract to prevent seed deterioration. Medium vigour black gram seeds were subjected to hydropriming for three hours (T 2 ); other seeds were primed with Spirulina platensis extract at 1.5% for three hours (T 3 ) while unprimed seeds served as control (T 1 ). Then, the seeds were artificially aged under 40±1 o C and 95±5% relative humidity for five days. The results revealed that the hydropriming and control of black gram seeds were significantly lower in all physiological and biochemical seed quality parameters than seeds primed with Spirulina platensis extract at 1.5% for three hours. Consequently, Spirulina platensis extract can effectively enhance black gram seeds and use agents in.
作为一种天然的生物肥料，蓝藻具有固定n2的能力，通过产生赤霉素、细胞分裂素、生长素、维生素、抗生素和氨基酸等生长促进剂，促进作物的生长和产量[4]。摘要:黑克(Vigna mungo L.)是一种高营养的脉冲作物。它的种子在收获后迅速且容易变质，导致种植材料产量差，必须通过种子增强方法进行相应的改进。蓝绿色微藻螺旋藻含有多种有益物质，包括宏量和微量营养素、维生素、氨基酸和抗氧化剂。以螺旋藻提取物对黑克兰种子进行催熟处理，以防止种子变质，提高黑克兰种子的活力和发芽率。中等活力黑克种子加水处理3小时(t2);其余种子以1.5%螺旋藻提取物处理3 h (t3)，未处理的种子作为对照(t1)。然后在40±1℃、95±5%相对湿度条件下人工陈化5 d。结果表明，水淹处理和对照处理的黑克兰种子各项生理生化品质指标均显著低于1.5%螺旋藻提取物水浸处理3 h的种子。因此，螺旋藻提取物能有效地提高黑克种子的利用率。
{"title":"Influences of seed priming with Spirulina platensisextract on seed quality properties in black gram (Vigna mungo L.)","authors":"N. Q. Thinh","doi":"10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).36-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).36-41","url":null,"abstract":"As a natural biofertilizer, cyanobacteria’s ability to fix N 2 improves the growth and yield of crops through the production of growth promoters such as gibberellins, cytokinins, auxins, vitamins, antibiotics and amino acids [4]. Abstract: Black gram ( Vigna mungo L.) is a high nutrient pulse crop. Its seed quickly and easily deteriorates after harvest, resulting in poor planting material production that must be improved accordingly by seed enhancement methods. The blue-green microalgae Spirulina platensis contains variously beneficial substances, including macro and micro nutrients, vitamins, amino acids and antioxidants. The aim of this study is to improve the vigour and germination of black gram by priming its seeds with Spirulina platensis extract to prevent seed deterioration. Medium vigour black gram seeds were subjected to hydropriming for three hours (T 2 ); other seeds were primed with Spirulina platensis extract at 1.5% for three hours (T 3 ) while unprimed seeds served as control (T 1 ). Then, the seeds were artificially aged under 40±1 o C and 95±5% relative humidity for five days. The results revealed that the hydropriming and control of black gram seeds were significantly lower in all physiological and biochemical seed quality parameters than seeds primed with Spirulina platensis extract at 1.5% for three hours. Consequently, Spirulina platensis extract can effectively enhance black gram seeds and use agents in.","PeriodicalId":23548,"journal":{"name":"Vietnam Journal of Science, Technology and Engineering","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78682471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).42-46
L. N. Thuy, Vietnam Hepatology, Tran Thi Tam Thu, H. Minh, H. D. Viet
: Objective: to describe the clinical characteristics and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressures on high-resolution manometry (HRM) in patients with achalasia pre- and post-treatment. Methods: a case series study was conducted in achalasia patients. Clinical symptoms, Eckardt score, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, esophageal barium swallow, and HRM results were collected on baseline and Eckardt score and HRM results on follow-up were collected. Results: from June 2018 to December 2019, 14 patients were recruited including 6 males and 8 females with mean age of 34.6±10.5 y. The proportion of achalasia type I, II, and III were 28.6, 64.3, and 7.1%, respectively. The Eckardt score, LES resting pressure (for both baseline period and swallow phase) and 4-s integrated resting pressure (IRP4s) significantly decreased after treatment (p<0.05). There was a correlation between pre-treatment LES resting pressure (in swallow phase) and change in chest pain score (p=0.044, r=0.546) and a correlation between pre-treatment IRP4s and change in Eckardt score (p=0.041, r=0.549). IRP4s had no significant difference between treatment success and recurrence groups. After treatment, 11 patients had clinical success and 3 patients recurred/failed after a median of 4 mo. The diagnosis on HRM after treatment included 5 achalasia (4 type I and 1 type II), 1 esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO), 1 distal esophageal spasm (DES), 6 absent contractility, and 1 ineffective esophageal motility (IEM). Conclusion: Eckardt score, LES pressure, and IRP4s improved significantly after treatment. Besides the role of classification and treatment option, HRM could be used to predict the treatment outcome in achalasia.
{"title":"Evaluation of clinical characteristics and lower esophageal sphincter pressure on high resolution manometry in achalasia patients after treatment","authors":"L. N. Thuy, Vietnam Hepatology, Tran Thi Tam Thu, H. Minh, H. D. Viet","doi":"10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).42-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).42-46","url":null,"abstract":": Objective: to describe the clinical characteristics and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressures on high-resolution manometry (HRM) in patients with achalasia pre- and post-treatment. Methods: a case series study was conducted in achalasia patients. Clinical symptoms, Eckardt score, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, esophageal barium swallow, and HRM results were collected on baseline and Eckardt score and HRM results on follow-up were collected. Results: from June 2018 to December 2019, 14 patients were recruited including 6 males and 8 females with mean age of 34.6±10.5 y. The proportion of achalasia type I, II, and III were 28.6, 64.3, and 7.1%, respectively. The Eckardt score, LES resting pressure (for both baseline period and swallow phase) and 4-s integrated resting pressure (IRP4s) significantly decreased after treatment (p<0.05). There was a correlation between pre-treatment LES resting pressure (in swallow phase) and change in chest pain score (p=0.044, r=0.546) and a correlation between pre-treatment IRP4s and change in Eckardt score (p=0.041, r=0.549). IRP4s had no significant difference between treatment success and recurrence groups. After treatment, 11 patients had clinical success and 3 patients recurred/failed after a median of 4 mo. The diagnosis on HRM after treatment included 5 achalasia (4 type I and 1 type II), 1 esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO), 1 distal esophageal spasm (DES), 6 absent contractility, and 1 ineffective esophageal motility (IEM). Conclusion: Eckardt score, LES pressure, and IRP4s improved significantly after treatment. Besides the role of classification and treatment option, HRM could be used to predict the treatment outcome in achalasia.","PeriodicalId":23548,"journal":{"name":"Vietnam Journal of Science, Technology and Engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80444615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).83-89
N. T. Tung, W. Chiemchaisri, C. Chiemchaisri, Samunya Sanguanpak
Moreover, we also investigated N 2 O conversion, which occurred simultaneously with CH 4 oxidation, during gas treatment in the biofilter. Abstract: A biofilter using organic (compost) and inorganic (pumice, porous silica pellet or poremat) media was applied to the removal of methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) to minimize the impact of off-gasses from municipal solid waste disposal global. The objective was to determine the appropriate biofilter media for CH 4 oxidation and N 2 O conversion. The off gas (59.6% CH 4 , 1.0% N 2 O) was fed simultaneously with air (1:3 ratio) into the biofilter. CH 4 oxidation and N 2 O conversion rates were observed over a 101-day period through the analysis of gas concentration along the biofilter’s depth using gas chromatography. Higher CH 4 oxidation in the biofilters containing organic and inorganic media was achieved, especially for the compost-poremat biofilter with 70.1 g CH 4 /m 3 /d realised. The most active methane oxidation zone was found near the gas inlet at the bottom of the biofilter. The presence of inorganic material helped promote aerobic conditions for CH 4 oxidation, especially during the initial period. N 2 O was also more completely removed with the biofilter containing inorganic media. Higher methanotrophic activities in matured biofilter media and the presence of methanotrophs type I, which prefer oxygen-rich conditions, were confirmed.
此外，我们还研究了生物过滤器中气体处理过程中与CH 4氧化同时发生的N 2o转化。摘要/ Abstract摘要:采用有机(堆肥)和无机(浮石、多孔二氧化硅颗粒或多孔岩)介质的生物过滤器去除甲烷(ch4)和氧化亚氮(n2o)，以最大限度地减少全球城市生活垃圾处理废气的影响。目的是确定适合甲烷氧化和一氧化氮转化的生物过滤介质。废气(59.6% CH 4, 1.0% N 2o)与空气(1:3比例)同时进入生物滤池。通过气相色谱法分析沿生物过滤器深度的气体浓度，观察了101天的CH 4氧化率和N 2o转化率。在含有有机和无机介质的生物过滤器中实现了更高的CH 4氧化，特别是在堆肥-孔粪生物过滤器中实现了70.1 g CH 4 / m3 /d。最活跃的甲烷氧化区位于生物滤池底部的进气口附近。无机物的存在有助于促进甲烷氧化的好氧条件，特别是在初始阶段。含无机介质的生物滤池对氮氧的去除也更彻底。成熟的生物过滤培养基中有较高的甲烷营养活性，并且存在喜欢富氧条件的I型甲烷营养菌。
{"title":"Removal of greenhouse gas in biofilter using organic and inorganic media","authors":"N. T. Tung, W. Chiemchaisri, C. Chiemchaisri, Samunya Sanguanpak","doi":"10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).83-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).83-89","url":null,"abstract":"Moreover, we also investigated N 2 O conversion, which occurred simultaneously with CH 4 oxidation, during gas treatment in the biofilter. Abstract: A biofilter using organic (compost) and inorganic (pumice, porous silica pellet or poremat) media was applied to the removal of methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) to minimize the impact of off-gasses from municipal solid waste disposal global. The objective was to determine the appropriate biofilter media for CH 4 oxidation and N 2 O conversion. The off gas (59.6% CH 4 , 1.0% N 2 O) was fed simultaneously with air (1:3 ratio) into the biofilter. CH 4 oxidation and N 2 O conversion rates were observed over a 101-day period through the analysis of gas concentration along the biofilter’s depth using gas chromatography. Higher CH 4 oxidation in the biofilters containing organic and inorganic media was achieved, especially for the compost-poremat biofilter with 70.1 g CH 4 /m 3 /d realised. The most active methane oxidation zone was found near the gas inlet at the bottom of the biofilter. The presence of inorganic material helped promote aerobic conditions for CH 4 oxidation, especially during the initial period. N 2 O was also more completely removed with the biofilter containing inorganic media. Higher methanotrophic activities in matured biofilter media and the presence of methanotrophs type I, which prefer oxygen-rich conditions, were confirmed.","PeriodicalId":23548,"journal":{"name":"Vietnam Journal of Science, Technology and Engineering","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78911458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).90-96
H. T. Huong, P. N. Ánh, Vietnam Environment
: To study community-based water resource management (CbWRM) of irrigation for agriculture, the participation of the community in the management of the irrigation system must be considered. CbWRM is the cooperation between a farming organization (the water-using cooperative group) and state-related organizations (such as the Department of Water Resources Management and commune-level authorities) in the process of the operation and management of water. In the CbWRM model, the community participates in the selection and election of the management board, meetings to collect ideas to build a CbWRM model, and financial contributions to water use fees. The community also participates in the annual operational planning of water use. Therefore, this study aimed to develop indicators to assess the sustainability of the CbWRM model of irrigation for agriculture in the Hau Giang province, Vietnam. With an assessment result of 0.54 (relatively sustainable), this study shows a picture of water resource management in general and community participation in particular. These research results can help managers and policymakers promote community participation to achieve high-efficiency water resource management in the agriculture of the Hau Giang province.
{"title":"Sustainability assessment of community-based water resource management of irrigation systems for agriculture","authors":"H. T. Huong, P. N. Ánh, Vietnam Environment","doi":"10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).90-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).90-96","url":null,"abstract":": To study community-based water resource management (CbWRM) of irrigation for agriculture, the participation of the community in the management of the irrigation system must be considered. CbWRM is the cooperation between a farming organization (the water-using cooperative group) and state-related organizations (such as the Department of Water Resources Management and commune-level authorities) in the process of the operation and management of water. In the CbWRM model, the community participates in the selection and election of the management board, meetings to collect ideas to build a CbWRM model, and financial contributions to water use fees. The community also participates in the annual operational planning of water use. Therefore, this study aimed to develop indicators to assess the sustainability of the CbWRM model of irrigation for agriculture in the Hau Giang province, Vietnam. With an assessment result of 0.54 (relatively sustainable), this study shows a picture of water resource management in general and community participation in particular. These research results can help managers and policymakers promote community participation to achieve high-efficiency water resource management in the agriculture of the Hau Giang province.","PeriodicalId":23548,"journal":{"name":"Vietnam Journal of Science, Technology and Engineering","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82092625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).54-58
N. Viet, Nguyen Minh Nam, N. V. Trung, D. T. Anh, H. Tong
: Meningococcal disease is caused by an infection with Neisseria meningitidis (N. meningitidis ) bacteria, which is responsible for two major forms of the disease including meningitis and/or septicaemia. N. meningitidis remains a significant cause of an endemic and leads to significant morbidity and mortality. diagnosis N. and the of antibiotic treatment.
{"title":"Meningococcal disease in one soldier patient: case report from Vietnam","authors":"N. Viet, Nguyen Minh Nam, N. V. Trung, D. T. Anh, H. Tong","doi":"10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).54-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).54-58","url":null,"abstract":": Meningococcal disease is caused by an infection with Neisseria meningitidis (N. meningitidis ) bacteria, which is responsible for two major forms of the disease including meningitis and/or septicaemia. N. meningitidis remains a significant cause of an endemic and leads to significant morbidity and mortality. diagnosis N. and the of antibiotic treatment.","PeriodicalId":23548,"journal":{"name":"Vietnam Journal of Science, Technology and Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74771324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-16DOI: 10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).15-20
Mai Thi Tuyet Phan, Trang Thu La, T. H. A. Ngo
extraction and CMC production. Abstract: Cellulose and hemicellulose were successfully extracted from Vietnamese rice straw waste. The maximum hemicellulose yield of the process was 22.60% with 1.5 M NaOH at 90 o C for 1.5 h. The pure cellulose obtained from the rice straw was prepared by refluxing the rice straw powder with a 1.0 M HNO 3 solution at 90 o C for 1.5 h. The Vietnamese rice straw cellulose was converted to carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) by etherification. The extracted cellulose was soaked in a mixed solution of isopropyl alcohol and NaOH solution for 1.5 h. After that, it was reacted with monochloroacetic acid at 70 o C for 1.5 h. The optimum conditions for carboxymethylation were 5 g cellulose, 4.0 g monochloroacetic acid, and 15 ml 25% w/v NaOH and the obtained product had a degree of substitution (DS) of 0.70.
提取和CMC生产。摘要/ Abstract摘要:从越南秸秆废料中成功提取纤维素和半纤维素。在1.5 M NaOH, 90℃，1.5 h条件下，半纤维素得率最高可达22.60%。将稻草粉与1.0 M hno3溶液，90℃，回流1.5 h，制得纯纤维素，通过醚化反应将越南稻草纤维素转化为羧甲基纤维素(CMC)。提取的纤维素在异丙醇和NaOH溶液的混合溶液中浸泡1.5 h，然后与一氯乙酸在70℃下反应1.5 h，羧甲基化的最佳条件为纤维素5 g，一氯乙酸4.0 g, NaOH 15 ml 25% w/v，所得产物的取代度(DS)为0.70。
{"title":"Study on extracting hemicellulose, cellulose, and carboxymethyl cellulose from Vietnamese rice straw waste","authors":"Mai Thi Tuyet Phan, Trang Thu La, T. H. A. Ngo","doi":"10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).15-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31276/VJSTE.63(1).15-20","url":null,"abstract":"extraction and CMC production. Abstract: Cellulose and hemicellulose were successfully extracted from Vietnamese rice straw waste. The maximum hemicellulose yield of the process was 22.60% with 1.5 M NaOH at 90 o C for 1.5 h. The pure cellulose obtained from the rice straw was prepared by refluxing the rice straw powder with a 1.0 M HNO 3 solution at 90 o C for 1.5 h. The Vietnamese rice straw cellulose was converted to carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) by etherification. The extracted cellulose was soaked in a mixed solution of isopropyl alcohol and NaOH solution for 1.5 h. After that, it was reacted with monochloroacetic acid at 70 o C for 1.5 h. The optimum conditions for carboxymethylation were 5 g cellulose, 4.0 g monochloroacetic acid, and 15 ml 25% w/v NaOH and the obtained product had a degree of substitution (DS) of 0.70.","PeriodicalId":23548,"journal":{"name":"Vietnam Journal of Science, Technology and Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74517284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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