K. Wood, A. W. Kjellow, M. Konkler, G. Presley, J. Morrell
{"title":"PRESERVATIVE TREATMENT OF TASMANIAN PLANTATION EUCALYPTUS NITENS USING SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS","authors":"K. Wood, A. W. Kjellow, M. Konkler, G. Presley, J. Morrell","doi":"10.22382/wfs-2023-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2023-08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23620,"journal":{"name":"Wood and Fiber Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42521110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Foreward","authors":"Cady A. Lancaster","doi":"10.22382/wfs-2023-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2023-02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23620,"journal":{"name":"Wood and Fiber Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46544221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Identi fi cation of bamboo is of great importance to its conservation and uses. However, identify bamboo manually is complicated, expensive, and time-consuming. Here, we analyze the most evident and characteristic anatomical elements of cross section images, that ’ s a particularly vital breakthrough point. Meanwhile, we present a novel approach with respect to the automatic identi fi cation of bamboo on the basis of the cross-sectional images through computer vision. Two diverse transfer learning strategies were applied for the learning process, namely fi ne-tuning with fully connected layers and all layers, the results indicated that fi ne-tuning with all layers being trained with the dataset consisting of cross-sectional images of bamboo is an effective tool to identify and recognize intergeneric bamboo, 100% accuracy on the training dataset was achieved while 98.7% accuracy was output on the testing dataset, suggesting the proposed method is quite effective and feasible, it ’ s bene fi cial to identify bamboo and protect bamboo in coutilization. More collection of bamboo species in the dataset in the near future might make Ef fi cientNet more promising for identifying bamboo.
{"title":"IDENTIFICATION AND RECOGNIZATION OF BAMBOO BASED ON CROSS-SECTIONAL IMAGES USING COMPUTER VISION","authors":"Ziteng Wang, Fukuan Dai, Xianghua Yue, Tuhua Zhong, Hankun Wang, Gen-lin Tian","doi":"10.22382/wfs-2023-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2023-06","url":null,"abstract":". Identi fi cation of bamboo is of great importance to its conservation and uses. However, identify bamboo manually is complicated, expensive, and time-consuming. Here, we analyze the most evident and characteristic anatomical elements of cross section images, that ’ s a particularly vital breakthrough point. Meanwhile, we present a novel approach with respect to the automatic identi fi cation of bamboo on the basis of the cross-sectional images through computer vision. Two diverse transfer learning strategies were applied for the learning process, namely fi ne-tuning with fully connected layers and all layers, the results indicated that fi ne-tuning with all layers being trained with the dataset consisting of cross-sectional images of bamboo is an effective tool to identify and recognize intergeneric bamboo, 100% accuracy on the training dataset was achieved while 98.7% accuracy was output on the testing dataset, suggesting the proposed method is quite effective and feasible, it ’ s bene fi cial to identify bamboo and protect bamboo in coutilization. More collection of bamboo species in the dataset in the near future might make Ef fi cientNet more promising for identifying bamboo.","PeriodicalId":23620,"journal":{"name":"Wood and Fiber Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41719802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. The illegal timber trade is one of the most impactful natural wildlife crimes, affecting the live-lihood of local communities, natural resource availability, and the associated carbon storage and biodiversity. Many timber species are highly sought after and are at risk of exhaustion and subsequent extinction. Although several initiatives exist to indicate tree species risk and conservation status, there is no single resource, or prioritized list, that quali fi es the most high-risk and highly traded species across the globe. Organizations end up creating their own priority species lists to meet this lack of aggregated information, requiring hours of independent research and resulting in the recreation of similar lists. To provide a one-stop-shop for similar initiatives, World Forest ID developed the Global Priority Wood Species List (GPWSL) to synthesize existing information. Currently, the GPWSL harbors 270 species most at risk for illegal logging, unsustainable deforestation, and high rates of international trade. The database contains relevant information on each species; such as natural distribution, conservation listings, and countries of import. Here, we present the list, the methods used in its development, and its potential applications for the wood industry as a whole.
{"title":"THE GLOBAL WOOD SPECIES PRIORITY LIST: A LIVING DATABASE OF TREE SPECIES MOST AT RISK FOR ILLEGAL LOGGING, UNSUSTAINABLE DEFORESTATION, AND HIGH RATES OF TRADE GLOBALLY","authors":"S. Richardson, J. Simeone, V. Deklerck","doi":"10.22382/wfs-2023-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2023-05","url":null,"abstract":". The illegal timber trade is one of the most impactful natural wildlife crimes, affecting the live-lihood of local communities, natural resource availability, and the associated carbon storage and biodiversity. Many timber species are highly sought after and are at risk of exhaustion and subsequent extinction. Although several initiatives exist to indicate tree species risk and conservation status, there is no single resource, or prioritized list, that quali fi es the most high-risk and highly traded species across the globe. Organizations end up creating their own priority species lists to meet this lack of aggregated information, requiring hours of independent research and resulting in the recreation of similar lists. To provide a one-stop-shop for similar initiatives, World Forest ID developed the Global Priority Wood Species List (GPWSL) to synthesize existing information. Currently, the GPWSL harbors 270 species most at risk for illegal logging, unsustainable deforestation, and high rates of international trade. The database contains relevant information on each species; such as natural distribution, conservation listings, and countries of import. Here, we present the list, the methods used in its development, and its potential applications for the wood industry as a whole.","PeriodicalId":23620,"journal":{"name":"Wood and Fiber Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46428928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Nasir, Syed Danish Ali, Ahmad Mohammadpanah, Sameen Raut, M. Nabavi, J. Dahlen, L. Schimleck
{"title":"Fiber Quality Prediction Using Nir Spectral Data: Tree-Based Ensemble Learning VS Deep Neural Networks","authors":"V. Nasir, Syed Danish Ali, Ahmad Mohammadpanah, Sameen Raut, M. Nabavi, J. Dahlen, L. Schimleck","doi":"10.22382/wfs-2023-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2023-10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23620,"journal":{"name":"Wood and Fiber Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42150236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andry Clarel Raobelina, G. Chaix, Andriambelo Radonirina Razafimahatratra, Sarobidy Pascal Rakotoniaina, T. Ramananantoandro
. This study focused on the use of Near InfraRed (NIR) Spectroscopy to address the lack of tools and skills for wood identi fi cation of Dalbergia species from Madagascar. Two sample sets of 41 wood blocks and 41 wood cores belonging to four Dalbergia species ( D. abrahamii , D. chlorocarpa , D. greveana , and D. pervillei ) were collected in the northern and western regions of Madagascar. Sapwood and heartwood NIR spectra were measured on wood at 12% moisture content by using a portable VIAVI MicroNIR 1700 spectrometer. Four discrimination models corresponding to sapwood and heartwood of the two sample forms were developed using Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLSDA).
{"title":"Use of a Portable Near Infrared Spectrometer for Wood Identification of Four Dalbergia Species from Madagascar","authors":"Andry Clarel Raobelina, G. Chaix, Andriambelo Radonirina Razafimahatratra, Sarobidy Pascal Rakotoniaina, T. Ramananantoandro","doi":"10.22382/wfs-2023-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2023-03","url":null,"abstract":". This study focused on the use of Near InfraRed (NIR) Spectroscopy to address the lack of tools and skills for wood identi fi cation of Dalbergia species from Madagascar. Two sample sets of 41 wood blocks and 41 wood cores belonging to four Dalbergia species ( D. abrahamii , D. chlorocarpa , D. greveana , and D. pervillei ) were collected in the northern and western regions of Madagascar. Sapwood and heartwood NIR spectra were measured on wood at 12% moisture content by using a portable VIAVI MicroNIR 1700 spectrometer. Four discrimination models corresponding to sapwood and heartwood of the two sample forms were developed using Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLSDA).","PeriodicalId":23620,"journal":{"name":"Wood and Fiber Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45876479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. This work elucidates on a case study of industrially manufactured cross-laminated timber (CLT). Two methods are used to calculate specimens section modulus: S gross and S effective . The fi rst assumes that specimens behave as a continuous material, whereas the second considers the cross laminations (shear analogy method). Although the shear analogy method is indicated for construction purposes, applications, such as trench shoring, matting, and work platforms, could bene fi t from a simpler calculation method. Therefore, the objective of this work was to conduct a case study of Modulus of Rupture (MOR) and Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) of southern pine CLT to compare the previously mentioned calculation methods. Both parametric and nonparametric fi fth percentiles and associated F b values are reported and were substantially higher than those of the constituent lumber. For MOE, empirical testing and calculation based on gross moment of inertia provided lower values as compared with the constituent lumber.
{"title":"CASE STUDY OF 3-PLY COMMERCIAL SOUTHERN PINE CLT MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND DESIGN VALUES","authors":"L. M. Spinelli Correa, R. Shmulsky, F. França","doi":"10.22382/wfs-2023-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2023-09","url":null,"abstract":". This work elucidates on a case study of industrially manufactured cross-laminated timber (CLT). Two methods are used to calculate specimens section modulus: S gross and S effective . The fi rst assumes that specimens behave as a continuous material, whereas the second considers the cross laminations (shear analogy method). Although the shear analogy method is indicated for construction purposes, applications, such as trench shoring, matting, and work platforms, could bene fi t from a simpler calculation method. Therefore, the objective of this work was to conduct a case study of Modulus of Rupture (MOR) and Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) of southern pine CLT to compare the previously mentioned calculation methods. Both parametric and nonparametric fi fth percentiles and associated F b values are reported and were substantially higher than those of the constituent lumber. For MOE, empirical testing and calculation based on gross moment of inertia provided lower values as compared with the constituent lumber.","PeriodicalId":23620,"journal":{"name":"Wood and Fiber Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48833560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joseph Doh Wook Kim, P. Brunswick, D. Shang, P. Evans
. Plantation-grown mahogany ( Swietenia macrophylla ) from Fiji has been preferred as a sustainable wood source for the crafting of electric guitars because its trade is not restricted by Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), unlike S. macrophylla sourced from native forests. Ability to differentiate between the two wood types would deter sale of illegally harvested native-grown S. macrophylla to luthiers and other artisans. The chemical composition of wood is in fl uenced by cambial age and geographical factors, and there are chemical differences between S. macrophylla grown in different regions. This study tested the ability of high-resolution mass spectrometry to chemotypically differentiate plantation-grown Fijian S. macrophylla from the same wood species obtained from native forests. Multiple heartwood specimens of both wood types were extracted and chromatographically pro fi led using gas and liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution quadrupole time-of-fl ight mass spectrometry (GC/QToF, LC/QToF). Visual comparison of mass spectral ions, together with modern analytical data-mining techniques, were employed to screen the results. Principal component analysis scatter plots with 95% con fi dence ellipses showed unambiguous separation of the two wood types by GC/LC/QToF. We conclude that screening of heartwood extractives using high-resolution mass spectrometry offers an effective way of identifying and sepa-rating plantation-grown Fijian S. macrophylla from wood grown in native forests.
{"title":"DISTINGUISHING NATIVE AND PLANTATION-GROWN MAHOGANY (SWIETENIA MACROPHYLLA) TIMBER USING CHROMATOGRAPHY AND HIGH-RESOLUTION QUADRUPOLE TIME-OF-FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMETRY","authors":"Joseph Doh Wook Kim, P. Brunswick, D. Shang, P. Evans","doi":"10.22382/wfs-2023-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2023-04","url":null,"abstract":". Plantation-grown mahogany ( Swietenia macrophylla ) from Fiji has been preferred as a sustainable wood source for the crafting of electric guitars because its trade is not restricted by Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), unlike S. macrophylla sourced from native forests. Ability to differentiate between the two wood types would deter sale of illegally harvested native-grown S. macrophylla to luthiers and other artisans. The chemical composition of wood is in fl uenced by cambial age and geographical factors, and there are chemical differences between S. macrophylla grown in different regions. This study tested the ability of high-resolution mass spectrometry to chemotypically differentiate plantation-grown Fijian S. macrophylla from the same wood species obtained from native forests. Multiple heartwood specimens of both wood types were extracted and chromatographically pro fi led using gas and liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution quadrupole time-of-fl ight mass spectrometry (GC/QToF, LC/QToF). Visual comparison of mass spectral ions, together with modern analytical data-mining techniques, were employed to screen the results. Principal component analysis scatter plots with 95% con fi dence ellipses showed unambiguous separation of the two wood types by GC/LC/QToF. We conclude that screening of heartwood extractives using high-resolution mass spectrometry offers an effective way of identifying and sepa-rating plantation-grown Fijian S. macrophylla from wood grown in native forests.","PeriodicalId":23620,"journal":{"name":"Wood and Fiber Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49099661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Duchesne, Dikshya Dixit Lamichhane, Ryan P. Dias, Paulina de la Mata, Martin Williams, Manuel Lamothe, J. Harynuk, N. Isabel, A. Cloutier
{"title":"COMPARING GC×GC-TOFMS-BASED METABOLOMIC PROFILING AND WOOD ANATOMY FOR FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION OF FIVE MELIACEAE (MAHOGANY) SPECIES","authors":"I. Duchesne, Dikshya Dixit Lamichhane, Ryan P. Dias, Paulina de la Mata, Martin Williams, Manuel Lamothe, J. Harynuk, N. Isabel, A. Cloutier","doi":"10.22382/wfs-2023-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2023-07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23620,"journal":{"name":"Wood and Fiber Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46707750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Professional Pages: Summary of Awards from SWST 2022 Convention","authors":"S. Levan-Green","doi":"10.22382/wfs-2022-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2022-25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23620,"journal":{"name":"Wood and Fiber Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41821480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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