We investigate the role of foreign shareholders in improving the quality of accounting information provided by firms domiciled in countries with low de facto institutional quality. Using a sample of firms from four South-European countries (Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain) for which we observe detailed ownership evolutions over the period 2002–2007, we find that increases in foreign ownership lead to increases in financial reporting quality but only if the foreign shareholders are domiciled in countries with strong investor protection mechanisms. Further, we find that the improvement in financial reporting quality is more pronounced in the case of foreign institutional investors. Finally, our results hold before and after the introduction of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in 2005. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
{"title":"The Role of Foreign Shareholders in Disciplining Financial Reporting","authors":"C. Beuselinck, Bélen Blanco, Juan M. García Lara","doi":"10.1111/jbfa.12239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbfa.12239","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the role of foreign shareholders in improving the quality of accounting information provided by firms domiciled in countries with low de facto institutional quality. Using a sample of firms from four South-European countries (Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain) for which we observe detailed ownership evolutions over the period 2002–2007, we find that increases in foreign ownership lead to increases in financial reporting quality but only if the foreign shareholders are domiciled in countries with strong investor protection mechanisms. Further, we find that the improvement in financial reporting quality is more pronounced in the case of foreign institutional investors. Finally, our results hold before and after the introduction of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in 2005. \u0000 \u0000This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved","PeriodicalId":23644,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Journal of Business Finance & Accounting","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77178421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I derive the option‐implied volatility allowing for nonzero correlation between price jump and diffusive risk to examine the information content of implied diffusive, jump risks and their implied covariance in the cross‐sectional variation of future returns. This study documents a strong predictive power of realized volatility and correlated implied volatility spread (RV − IV) in the cross section of stock returns. The difference of realized volatility with the implied diffusive volatility (RV − σ), jump risk (RV − γ) and covariance (RV − ICov) can forecast future returns. These RV − σ and RV − γ anomalies are robustly persistent even after controlling for market, size, book‐to‐market value, momentum and liquidity factors.
{"title":"Correlated Implied Volatility with Jump and Cross Section of Stock Returns","authors":"Samuel Y. M. Ze-To","doi":"10.1111/acfi.12111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12111","url":null,"abstract":"I derive the option‐implied volatility allowing for nonzero correlation between price jump and diffusive risk to examine the information content of implied diffusive, jump risks and their implied covariance in the cross‐sectional variation of future returns. This study documents a strong predictive power of realized volatility and correlated implied volatility spread (RV − IV) in the cross section of stock returns. The difference of realized volatility with the implied diffusive volatility (RV − σ), jump risk (RV − γ) and covariance (RV − ICov) can forecast future returns. These RV − σ and RV − γ anomalies are robustly persistent even after controlling for market, size, book‐to‐market value, momentum and liquidity factors.","PeriodicalId":23644,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Journal of Business Finance & Accounting","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79789997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study assesses distorting effect of financial constraints on the inverse relationship between internal and external finance by examining impact of an exogenous financing shock (i.e. a regulation released in China in 2008) on dividend policies in a quasi-natural experimental setting. Our result shows that in the absence of the regulation, the inverse relationship holds. However, the relation is twisted by the 2008 regulation. Compared with unconstrained firms, financially constrained firms are more willing to pay dividends and are more restrained to reduce cash dividends after the regulation, despite the fact that their external financing capacities are further constrained.
{"title":"External Finance and Dividend Policy: A Twist by Financial Constraints","authors":"Zhongzhi He, Xiaoyan Chen, Wei Huang, Rulu Pan","doi":"10.1111/acfi.12245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12245","url":null,"abstract":"This study assesses distorting effect of financial constraints on the inverse relationship between internal and external finance by examining impact of an exogenous financing shock (i.e. a regulation released in China in 2008) on dividend policies in a quasi-natural experimental setting. Our result shows that in the absence of the regulation, the inverse relationship holds. However, the relation is twisted by the 2008 regulation. Compared with unconstrained firms, financially constrained firms are more willing to pay dividends and are more restrained to reduce cash dividends after the regulation, despite the fact that their external financing capacities are further constrained.","PeriodicalId":23644,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Journal of Business Finance & Accounting","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80417752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Open Briefings are market announcements styled as question and answer transcripts from a mock analyst interview and run by Orient Capital, an investor relations consultant. We found that Open Briefings are used by both growth and mature firms, and that Open Briefings are significant market events at both the daily and intraday level. In addition, the positive abnormal return does not soon reverse, suggesting Open Briefings are used by investors. We contribute to the existing literature by finding a stronger market reaction for firms with greater incentives to increase market awareness.
{"title":"The Determinants and Market Reaction to Open Briefings: An Investor Relations Option and Evidence on the Effectiveness of Disclosure","authors":"Andrew Ferguson, T. Scott","doi":"10.1111/acfi.12087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12087","url":null,"abstract":"Open Briefings are market announcements styled as question and answer transcripts from a mock analyst interview and run by Orient Capital, an investor relations consultant. We found that Open Briefings are used by both growth and mature firms, and that Open Briefings are significant market events at both the daily and intraday level. In addition, the positive abnormal return does not soon reverse, suggesting Open Briefings are used by investors. We contribute to the existing literature by finding a stronger market reaction for firms with greater incentives to increase market awareness.","PeriodicalId":23644,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Journal of Business Finance & Accounting","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74740488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
type="main" xml:id="acfi12204-abs-0001"> We investigate IFRS non-GAAP earnings adjustments for fair value remeasurements made by companies and analysts and the usefulness of these disclosures for analysts. Examining Australian listed (ASX 200) companies during 2008–2010 (576 firm-years), we find that companies disclosing non-GAAP earnings are more likely to have a higher incidence and magnitude of profit or loss items reflecting asset remeasurements and impairment in their financial statements. We find non-GAAP disclosing companies are more likely to have analyst adjustments to earnings for these items and lower forecast error and dispersion in the following year, suggesting usefulness rather than opportunism in the adjustments.
{"title":"IFRS Non‐GAAP Earnings Disclosures and Fair Value Measurement","authors":"Lance Malone, A. Tarca, Marvin Wee","doi":"10.1111/acfi.12204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12204","url":null,"abstract":"type=\"main\" xml:id=\"acfi12204-abs-0001\"> We investigate IFRS non-GAAP earnings adjustments for fair value remeasurements made by companies and analysts and the usefulness of these disclosures for analysts. Examining Australian listed (ASX 200) companies during 2008–2010 (576 firm-years), we find that companies disclosing non-GAAP earnings are more likely to have a higher incidence and magnitude of profit or loss items reflecting asset remeasurements and impairment in their financial statements. We find non-GAAP disclosing companies are more likely to have analyst adjustments to earnings for these items and lower forecast error and dispersion in the following year, suggesting usefulness rather than opportunism in the adjustments.","PeriodicalId":23644,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Journal of Business Finance & Accounting","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87046546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper builds on and contributes to the literature on Chief Financial Officer's (CFO) compensation and turnover. We contend that the accounting talent of CFOs can be measured by accounting errors that occur when CFOs implement accounting standards. We find (i) a positive association between the CFO's accounting talent and the CFO's compensation ex ante in the transition year; (ii) a positive association between the CFO's accounting talent and the CFO's bonus in the subsequent year (adoption year); and (iii) an inverse association between the CFO's accounting talent and CFO turnover in the subsequent year (adoption year).
{"title":"CFO's Accounting Talent, Compensation and Turnover","authors":"Anna Loyeung, Z. Matolcsy","doi":"10.1111/acfi.12085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12085","url":null,"abstract":"This paper builds on and contributes to the literature on Chief Financial Officer's (CFO) compensation and turnover. We contend that the accounting talent of CFOs can be measured by accounting errors that occur when CFOs implement accounting standards. We find (i) a positive association between the CFO's accounting talent and the CFO's compensation ex ante in the transition year; (ii) a positive association between the CFO's accounting talent and the CFO's bonus in the subsequent year (adoption year); and (iii) an inverse association between the CFO's accounting talent and CFO turnover in the subsequent year (adoption year).","PeriodicalId":23644,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Journal of Business Finance & Accounting","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88138348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper extends the literature evaluating accounting practices for identifiable intangible assets and considers whether the application of these accounting practices changed on transition to IFRS. It finds no evidence of identifiable intangible assets acquired and recognised in business acquisitions being associated with postacquisition firm performance or changes in postacquisition firm performance, either before or after transition to IFRS. This is inconsistent with the requirements of regulations such as IFRS 3 Business Combinations and IAS 38 Intangible Assets, and there is no empirical evidence supporting the present regulatory distinction between acquired and internally generated and revalued identifiable intangible assets.
{"title":"The Association of Identifiable Intangible Assets Acquired and Recognised in Business Acquisitions with Postacquisition Firm Performance","authors":"W. Su, P. Wells","doi":"10.1111/acfi.12086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12086","url":null,"abstract":"This paper extends the literature evaluating accounting practices for identifiable intangible assets and considers whether the application of these accounting practices changed on transition to IFRS. It finds no evidence of identifiable intangible assets acquired and recognised in business acquisitions being associated with postacquisition firm performance or changes in postacquisition firm performance, either before or after transition to IFRS. This is inconsistent with the requirements of regulations such as IFRS 3 Business Combinations and IAS 38 Intangible Assets, and there is no empirical evidence supporting the present regulatory distinction between acquired and internally generated and revalued identifiable intangible assets.","PeriodicalId":23644,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Journal of Business Finance & Accounting","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78377992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We extend Byoun's (2008) modelling of the relationship between deficits and surpluses and adjustment speed, to demonstrate how industry characteristics identified by Kayo and Kimura (2011), including industry concentration, industry munificence and industry dynamism, impact on speed of adjustment. Using New Zealand firms as a case study, we find significant evidence that, as well as firm financial position, industry characteristics also impact on adjustment speed. The firm financial position results are the most robust, and we recommend further research to confirm the nature of the relationship between industry characteristics and the speed at which firms adjust towards target capital structures.
{"title":"The Influence of Firm Financial Position and Industry Characteristics on Capital Structure Adjustment","authors":"David J. Smith, Jianguo Chen, H. Anderson","doi":"10.1111/acfi.12083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12083","url":null,"abstract":"We extend Byoun's (2008) modelling of the relationship between deficits and surpluses and adjustment speed, to demonstrate how industry characteristics identified by Kayo and Kimura (2011), including industry concentration, industry munificence and industry dynamism, impact on speed of adjustment. Using New Zealand firms as a case study, we find significant evidence that, as well as firm financial position, industry characteristics also impact on adjustment speed. The firm financial position results are the most robust, and we recommend further research to confirm the nature of the relationship between industry characteristics and the speed at which firms adjust towards target capital structures.","PeriodicalId":23644,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Journal of Business Finance & Accounting","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77190704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
type="main" xml:id="acfi12068-abs-0001"> We investigate the factors that affect total, ongoing and origination fees of mortgages in Australia during the period 1996 to 2011. We find that banks charge significantly higher total and ongoing fees than mortgage corporations although they require lower origination fees. We also find that fee levels are dependent on loan size, loan-to-value ratio and loan features like term of the loan and presence of an offset account. Further, we confirm that lenders trade-off higher (lower) interest rates with lower (higher) fee levels. Finally, our results show that mortgage fees are significantly affected by market conditions.
{"title":"What Drives Mortgage Fees in Australia?","authors":"Benjamin Liu, E. Roca","doi":"10.1111/acfi.12068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12068","url":null,"abstract":"type=\"main\" xml:id=\"acfi12068-abs-0001\"> We investigate the factors that affect total, ongoing and origination fees of mortgages in Australia during the period 1996 to 2011. We find that banks charge significantly higher total and ongoing fees than mortgage corporations although they require lower origination fees. We also find that fee levels are dependent on loan size, loan-to-value ratio and loan features like term of the loan and presence of an offset account. Further, we confirm that lenders trade-off higher (lower) interest rates with lower (higher) fee levels. Finally, our results show that mortgage fees are significantly affected by market conditions.","PeriodicalId":23644,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Journal of Business Finance & Accounting","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79887583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As academics we naturally seek to address interesting and important questions. Our concerns for rigour drive us to work from generally accessible preoccupations towards more narrowly and precisely defined questions however. Such specialisation is properly understood as a source of strength in our knowledge. The growing impact of governance mechanisms surrounding journal rankings threatens this strength by attacking our abilities to produce, but also to integrate, the specialised contributions that we make however. This article will expand upon this basic argument and further elaborate it through a discussion of the academic literature around costing in health care.
{"title":"Researching Accounting in Health Care: Considering the Nature of Academic Contribution","authors":"C. Chapman","doi":"10.1111/acfi.12142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12142","url":null,"abstract":"As academics we naturally seek to address interesting and important questions. Our concerns for rigour drive us to work from generally accessible preoccupations towards more narrowly and precisely defined questions however. Such specialisation is properly understood as a source of strength in our knowledge. The growing impact of governance mechanisms surrounding journal rankings threatens this strength by attacking our abilities to produce, but also to integrate, the specialised contributions that we make however. This article will expand upon this basic argument and further elaborate it through a discussion of the academic literature around costing in health care.","PeriodicalId":23644,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Journal of Business Finance & Accounting","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84168990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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