Zeitschrift fur Alternsforschung最新文献

78 geriatric patients predominantly suffering from cardiocerebrovascular diseases (stroke, heart insufficiency) and lesions respectively operations of the locomotion system (fractures, arthroses) were admitted in 1987 from acute hospitals for after-treatment (short-term care). 35 (= 45%) of them (average age 80 (61-92) could be discharged after 63.5 days on average, 11 died from intercurrent complications, 9 remained for long-term care as inrehabilitable. Besides other concomiting troubles mainly cardiac and circulation affections were present in the majority of patients. Their identification (a. o. by means of ultrasonic methods) and therapy also means a secondary prevention of cerebral as well as of fall and injuries inducing risk factors. The results confirm the principal rehabilitation chance of multimorbid geriatric patients by use of the diagnostic and therapeutic special potential of geriatrics.

The present EM morphometric analysis is a continuation of a series of studies in which the changes of the microvillous surface area of the small intestine was investigated in the course of the entire life span of the female rat. It was concluded from the present data that the alterations of the ileal microvillous surface area are more balanced in the young, pregnant, lactating, adult, old and senile animals than that was observed in the case of the duodenum and jejunum. Positive correlations were found between the parameters height and surface area and, density and surface area measures of the microvilli. Microvillous width and density revealed an inverse relationship mainly in the case of the young and adult animals.

Issuing from perceptions of the occupational psychology and -sociology about the ambiguity of the category "satisfaction" the author derives the demand for more subtle recording of "satisfactions". The ideological background of growth in importance of the category of "satisfaction" in the bourgeois social gerontology research is referred to the same way as the statement that "satisfaction" no is an absolute (primary) goal of gerontological efforts.

Data of the life situation survey of the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) of 1982 have been analysed. This secondary analysis has been carried out to study differences in health and medical consumption between urban and rural elderly. Two contrasting groups of elderly have been used: urban and rural elderly. It has been found that there are no differences in the prevalence of chronic disorders. More mental complaints have been found among male urban elderly compared to male rural elderly. The same relationship, although not significant, exists for women. For women it has been found that urban elderly feel less healthy than rural elderly. Male urban elderly aged 55-74 year pay more visits to the general practitioner than rural elderly of the same age. The same holds for women aged 75 year and over who also pay more visits to the physician.

They were reported about experiences of the providing old-age pensioners. They were listed on the step by step extension of material-technical base and the qualitative improvement of providing old-age pensioners.

This report includes empirical findings of a questionnaire based survey in which several aspects of health status of older proposer for relocation to old-age institutions (N = 1281) in district of Schwerin were examined. In addition this contribution represents a perspective of social gerontological discussion on concepts of health and illness. Some implications of this perspective for further research and practice are described in short statements at the end of the contribution.

An interview was carried out on pupils of the 4th, 6th and 9th class of secondary schools in Leipzig on their communication with grandparents. Behaviour towards the elderly ist supposed to be influenced by information on ageing. Under this aspect the textbooks have been analyzed.

In comparison with a group of persons with and one without chronic exposition to fluorides we stated the incidence of aortic calcifications on X-ray screen photos. As well in female as in male we found in the group with exposition to fluorides a significantly lower percentage of aortic calcifications as in the group without fluoride exposition.

Research of the pathophysiology of the age-related human presbycusis was largely initiated by those investigations in which the cochlea's damages were experimentally induced by various acoustic exposures. It became apparent that the outer hair cells are more vulnerable to different noise influences than the inner hair cells. On the other hand, the role of the altered ultrastructural elements of various types, cannot be ruled out. The evolving of the age-related presbycusis was to a great extent established using large-scale model experiments, including mainly rodents. It seems that the age-bound presbycusis (cf. intrinsic degeneration of the cochlea) begins at the apical regions which will be later more worsening by various extrinsic traumas. It is suggested that the damages gradually taking part in the inner ear structures are bound to the age-dependent processes in which the ever-increasing formation of cross-linkages plays an important role as ageing progresses.