Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie. 1. Abt. Originale. A: Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie最新文献

Soft-agar technique was applied for serological determination of strains of group B streptococci. With representative type strains, their colonial morphology was converted from diffuse- to compact-type growth only by the addition of homologous rabbit anti-serum in the medium and no conversion of colonial morphology was observed by heterologous rabbit antisera. Twenty seven out of 30 fresh isolates obtained from human clinical specimens showed diffuse-type growth in soft-agar medium and were subjected to this examination. Twenty-one strains reacted with a single antiserum, 5 strains showed reactivities to two different antisera although reaction to an antiserum were significantly higher than those of the other antiserum and no reaction was observed with a strain. Twenty single and 5 major serotypes determined by this technique were coincided with those differentiated by Lancefield's precipitin method. From these experimental results, soft-agar technique was regarded being available for serological typing of strains of group B streptococci.

In the last two decades the classic typhoid and paratyphoid A and B became rare also in Istria being substituted by infections of salmonellas of the "minor group". Basing on observations on 418 patients (1970-1979) it was established that in 48.5% of them a significant increase of titers of antibodies, not only for group antigens but also for phasis antigens developed. This, together with positive hemocultures and urine cultures in a number of them, did lead the authors to the conclusion that the invasitivity of these salmonellas (e.g. S. enteritidis, typhi murium, hadar, agona, abony) is greater than previously presumed and that the diagnosis "Salmonella-Fever" or "Paratyphoid" also in infections of these salmonellas is more justified.

CAMP-factor, the exosubstance of Streptococcus agalactiae, and UBERIS-factor, the exosubstance of Streptococcus uberis, exerted lethal effect when administered parenterally to rabbits and white mice. A single intravenous dosis of 1,500 activity units per 1 kg body weight resulted in rapid death of the rabbits. To kill mice, the intravenous or intraperitoneal dosis had to be 45 times higher in relation to the body mass. After formaldehyde treatment, both streptococcal exosubstances were deprived of their lethal effect as well as of their synergistic hemolytic activity with the staphylococcal beta-toxin.

Human blood-group A, B and O erythrocytes did not possess receptor sites for either crude or ether-ethanol extracted chlamydial soluble hemagglutinin. Sensitive chicken erythrocytes were agglutinated to higher titres by ether-ethanol extracted than by crude chlamydial hemagglutinin. Studies indicated that trypsin-, chymotrypsin-, neuramanidase-sensitive receptor sites were not essential for binding of ether-ethanol extracted chlamydial hemagglutinin; neither were beta-glucuronidase- nor periodate-sensitive receptor sites essential. Since soluble chlamydial hemagglutinin consists of components of host cells and that of chlamydiae purification of hemagglutinin from chlamydiae is required in future studies.

The prophylactical effect of human anti-Pertussis immunoglobulin was shown in a passive protection test in mice over a time of 9 days, which is more than three times the half live time. In the agglutination test one could find a half life time of 64.7 hours; in the neutralisation test, which is the only valuable for the clinical effect, we could find an average value of half life time of 51.6 hours. We found a nearly parallel decrease in both titers. In the view of our results we discussed former clinical trials and the prospects for a future use of anti-Pertussis immunoglobulins in prophylaxis and therapy; in both fields only those preparations should be used, which are tested for clinical efficiency in a neutralisation test.

A comparative study of growth and mating behaviour of C. neoformans strains grown on nutrient media containing a variety of organic nitrogen sources revealed striking differences of both parameters. Although growth was sparse on an adenine-containing medium, mating was excellent. Attention is drawn to the possible role of adenine in the morphogenesis of F. neoformans.