Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20251011-00534
S C Zhang, H J Niu, F J Li, L Wang, Y H Zhang, P He, J Zhou, Z C Wang
Objective: To explore a 3D visualization method for tongue articulation based on ultrasound images and to construct a corresponding visualization database. Methods: A high-fidelity statistical tongue model was constructed from MRI data and parameterized with six independent, physiologically interpretable control parameters to capture tongue-shape variation. To provide speech-specific data for model fitting, mid-sagittal ultrasound images were collected for each phoneme in the corpus, and tongue contours were manually annotated. A fully connected neural network was then trained to map the ultrasound-derived tongue contours to the model's control parameters. The estimated parameters were further refined through manual adjustment to obtain 3D tongue shapes that accurately matched the observed contours. Finally, model-fitting accuracy was quantitatively evaluated, and statistical analyses were conducted to examine tongue-shape differences among easily confusable phonemes. Results: For the majority of phonemes, the similarity between the 3D model's mid-sagittal contour and the ultrasound-derived tongue contour exceeded 90%, and the average root mean square error(RMSE) was reduced by approximately 28% compared with conventional tongue models, thereby enabling the detection of subtle articulatory distinctions among phonemes. Conclusion: The constructed 3D tongue articulation visualization database for Mandarin phonemes provides a valuable tool for speech rehabilitation in individuals with hearing impairment and for visualization-based instruction in second-language learning, demonstrating strong potential for dissemination and application.
{"title":"[Three-dimensional visualization of tongue articulation based on mandarin phonemes].","authors":"S C Zhang, H J Niu, F J Li, L Wang, Y H Zhang, P He, J Zhou, Z C Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20251011-00534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20251011-00534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore a 3D visualization method for tongue articulation based on ultrasound images and to construct a corresponding visualization database. <b>Methods:</b> A high-fidelity statistical tongue model was constructed from MRI data and parameterized with six independent, physiologically interpretable control parameters to capture tongue-shape variation. To provide speech-specific data for model fitting, mid-sagittal ultrasound images were collected for each phoneme in the corpus, and tongue contours were manually annotated. A fully connected neural network was then trained to map the ultrasound-derived tongue contours to the model's control parameters. The estimated parameters were further refined through manual adjustment to obtain 3D tongue shapes that accurately matched the observed contours. Finally, model-fitting accuracy was quantitatively evaluated, and statistical analyses were conducted to examine tongue-shape differences among easily confusable phonemes. <b>Results:</b> For the majority of phonemes, the similarity between the 3D model's mid-sagittal contour and the ultrasound-derived tongue contour exceeded 90%, and the average root mean square error(RMSE) was reduced by approximately 28% compared with conventional tongue models, thereby enabling the detection of subtle articulatory distinctions among phonemes. <b>Conclusion:</b> The constructed 3D tongue articulation visualization database for Mandarin phonemes provides a valuable tool for speech rehabilitation in individuals with hearing impairment and for visualization-based instruction in second-language learning, demonstrating strong potential for dissemination and application.</p>","PeriodicalId":23987,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery","volume":"61 1","pages":"55-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146053975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250618-00320
Y M Sun, Y Y Wang, S Wang, D Z Yuan, F Wu, C J Xia
{"title":"[Research progress on the improvement of transoral vestibular endoscopic thyroid surgery technique].","authors":"Y M Sun, Y Y Wang, S Wang, D Z Yuan, F Wu, C J Xia","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250618-00320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250618-00320","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23987,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery","volume":"61 1","pages":"87-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146053983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250204-00080
X H Chao, J F Luo, X Q Liu, F X Hu, R J Wang, Z M Fan, H B Wang, L Xu
<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to evaluate the expressive vocabulary ability and sentence complexity in cochlear implanted children diagnosed with cochlear nerve aplasia (CN-A), and to analyze potential influencing factors. <b>Methods:</b> This cross-sectional study included 35 children diagnosed with CN-A by MRI, with a mean age of cochlear implantation of 22.1 (SD: 8.0) months. Twelve were bilaterally implanted (bilateral CI group), 13 were unilateral implanted with hearing aids on the contralateral ear (bimodal group), and the others were unilaterally implanted (unilateral CI group). After at least 36 months of device use following initial activation, the quantity of expressive vocabulary was assessed using the Early Vocabulary Inventory for Mandarin Chinese (EVI). The mean length of the three longest utterances (M3L) and the sentence complexity were assessed using the Mandarin Communicative Development Inventory for infants and toddlers. Auditory and speech perception outcomes were also evaluated, including the Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP), Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR), and a speech recognition test. Preoperative aided hearing threshold average (aided-PTA) and the diameter of the auditory nerve to the facial nerve ratio at the cerebellopontine angle (AN/FN ratio) in MRI were retrospectively analyzed. The effect of implantation age, cochlear usage duration, preoperative PTA, AN/FN ratio, and prosthetic configuration (unilateral CI/bilateral CIs/bimodal) on expressive vocabulary and grammatical abilities was analyzed. <b>Results:</b> The average number of expressive vocabularies was 273.7 (SD: 220.1), the mean M3L was 4.8 (SD: 1.4), and the average sentence complexity score was 27.3 (SD: 14.1) in children with CN-A. There were significant positive correlations between expressive vocabulary and M3L (<i>r</i>=0.59, <i>P</i>=0.001), as well as sentence complexity (<i>r</i>=0.91, <i>P</i><0.001). The quantity of expressive vocabulary, M3L, and sentence complexity were significantly positively correlated with categories of auditory performance (CAP) and speech intelligibility rating (SIR) scores (<i>P</i><0.01). There were no significant correlations between implantation age, duration with CI, and expressive vocabulary size, M3L and sentence complexity (<i>P</i>>0.05). Multi-linear regression analysis showed that the AN/FN ratio, per-operation aided-PTA and prosthetic configuration were significant predictors for the vocabulary size (<i>P</i>>0.05). Bimodal children had higher expressive vocabulary size than bilateral CIs and unilateral CI children, with significant differences between bimodal and unilateral CI children (<i>P</i><0.01). <b>Conclusions:</b> The linguistic skills in children with CN-A are severely impaired. Vocabulary ability is significantly correlated with sentence construction and grammatical ability. The relative auditory nerve diameter on MRI, per-operation hearing level and prosthetic configuration
{"title":"[Linguistic skills and its influencing factors of cochlear implanted children with cochlear nerve aplasia diagnosed by MRI].","authors":"X H Chao, J F Luo, X Q Liu, F X Hu, R J Wang, Z M Fan, H B Wang, L Xu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250204-00080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250204-00080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to evaluate the expressive vocabulary ability and sentence complexity in cochlear implanted children diagnosed with cochlear nerve aplasia (CN-A), and to analyze potential influencing factors. <b>Methods:</b> This cross-sectional study included 35 children diagnosed with CN-A by MRI, with a mean age of cochlear implantation of 22.1 (SD: 8.0) months. Twelve were bilaterally implanted (bilateral CI group), 13 were unilateral implanted with hearing aids on the contralateral ear (bimodal group), and the others were unilaterally implanted (unilateral CI group). After at least 36 months of device use following initial activation, the quantity of expressive vocabulary was assessed using the Early Vocabulary Inventory for Mandarin Chinese (EVI). The mean length of the three longest utterances (M3L) and the sentence complexity were assessed using the Mandarin Communicative Development Inventory for infants and toddlers. Auditory and speech perception outcomes were also evaluated, including the Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP), Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR), and a speech recognition test. Preoperative aided hearing threshold average (aided-PTA) and the diameter of the auditory nerve to the facial nerve ratio at the cerebellopontine angle (AN/FN ratio) in MRI were retrospectively analyzed. The effect of implantation age, cochlear usage duration, preoperative PTA, AN/FN ratio, and prosthetic configuration (unilateral CI/bilateral CIs/bimodal) on expressive vocabulary and grammatical abilities was analyzed. <b>Results:</b> The average number of expressive vocabularies was 273.7 (SD: 220.1), the mean M3L was 4.8 (SD: 1.4), and the average sentence complexity score was 27.3 (SD: 14.1) in children with CN-A. There were significant positive correlations between expressive vocabulary and M3L (<i>r</i>=0.59, <i>P</i>=0.001), as well as sentence complexity (<i>r</i>=0.91, <i>P</i><0.001). The quantity of expressive vocabulary, M3L, and sentence complexity were significantly positively correlated with categories of auditory performance (CAP) and speech intelligibility rating (SIR) scores (<i>P</i><0.01). There were no significant correlations between implantation age, duration with CI, and expressive vocabulary size, M3L and sentence complexity (<i>P</i>>0.05). Multi-linear regression analysis showed that the AN/FN ratio, per-operation aided-PTA and prosthetic configuration were significant predictors for the vocabulary size (<i>P</i>>0.05). Bimodal children had higher expressive vocabulary size than bilateral CIs and unilateral CI children, with significant differences between bimodal and unilateral CI children (<i>P</i><0.01). <b>Conclusions:</b> The linguistic skills in children with CN-A are severely impaired. Vocabulary ability is significantly correlated with sentence construction and grammatical ability. The relative auditory nerve diameter on MRI, per-operation hearing level and prosthetic configuration ","PeriodicalId":23987,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery","volume":"61 1","pages":"24-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146054037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250902-00467
L Zhou
{"title":"[Assessment and prognostic impact of resection margins in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma].","authors":"L Zhou","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250902-00467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250902-00467","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23987,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery","volume":"61 1","pages":"19-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146053988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250904-00472
{"title":"[Expert consensus on acute traumatic tympanic membrane perforation].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250904-00472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250904-00472","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23987,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery","volume":"61 1","pages":"3-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146053978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250920-00501
W B He, J B Zhang, Y Yin, N Zhang, J Y Ye
{"title":"[Mechanisms and research progress in the role of the retrotrapezoid nucleus in respiratory regulation].","authors":"W B He, J B Zhang, Y Yin, N Zhang, J Y Ye","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250920-00501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250920-00501","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23987,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery","volume":"61 1","pages":"80-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146054053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250515-00284
C Wen, T S Chen, Q M Deng, X Q Zhang, X B Huang, J L Yang, J R Li, W Wang
<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate whether the direction of air stimulation in caloric test affects the results, and to provide evidence for standardizing the procedure and quality control. <b>Methods:</b> The study subjects were 160 patients with vestibular peripheral vertigo who were treated in Tianjin First Central Hospital from June 2023 to May 2024, including 53 males and 107 females, aged from 12 to 84 years, with an average age of 51.9 years.Video nystagmography (VNG) and a thermal air stimulator were used to perform caloric tests on 160 patients with vertigo, who were randomly assigned to two groups by computer random number table method. In Group 1 (<i>n</i>=80), both ears were first stimulated in the posteroinferior direction, followed by anterosuperior stimulation of the left ear in 40 cases and the right ear in 40 cases. In Group 2 (<i>n</i>=80), the order was reversed: the left and right ears received anterosuperior stimulation first, followed by posteroinferior stimulation in both ears. The maximum slow phase velocity (SPV) of induced- nystagmus, unilateral weakness (UW), and directional preponderance (DP) were recorded and compared between different stimulation directions. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0 software. <b>Results:</b> In Group 1, the slow-phase velocity (SPV) of nystagmus elicited by posterior-inferior air stimulation was consistently higher than that induced by anterior-superior stimulation. This difference was statistically significant, as determined by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (<i>P</i><0.05). Among the 31 participants who exhibited normal unilateral weakness (UW) following posterior-inferior stimulation, 24 (77.4%, 24/31) developed abnormal UW after subsequent anterior-superior stimulation. Conversely, among the 32 participants with initially abnormal UW after posterior-inferior stimulation, 14 (43.8%, 14/32) showed normalization of UW following anterior-superior stimulation. With respect to directional preponderance (DP), 65 participants had normal DP and 15 had abnormal DP after posterior-inferior stimulation. Following anterior-superior stimulation, 4 individuals with initially normal DP values became abnormal, whereas 3 individuals with initially abnormal DP values reverted to normal. In Group 2, the SPV of nystagmus induced by anterior-superior stimulation was significantly lower than that elicited by posterior-inferior stimulation, with a statistically significant difference (<i>P</i><0.05) confirmed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Among the 29 participants with normal UW after anterior-superior stimulation, 11 (37.9%, 11/29) exhibited abnormal UW upon subsequent posterior-inferior stimulation. Of the 39 participants with abnormal UW after anterior-superior stimulation, 21 (53.8%, 21/39) demonstrated normalized UW following posterior-inferior stimulation. Regarding DP, 70 participants had normal and 10 had abnormal baseline values after anterior-superior stimulation; after poster
{"title":"[Study of effect of caloric test in different perfusion directions on caloric test results].","authors":"C Wen, T S Chen, Q M Deng, X Q Zhang, X B Huang, J L Yang, J R Li, W Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250515-00284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250515-00284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate whether the direction of air stimulation in caloric test affects the results, and to provide evidence for standardizing the procedure and quality control. <b>Methods:</b> The study subjects were 160 patients with vestibular peripheral vertigo who were treated in Tianjin First Central Hospital from June 2023 to May 2024, including 53 males and 107 females, aged from 12 to 84 years, with an average age of 51.9 years.Video nystagmography (VNG) and a thermal air stimulator were used to perform caloric tests on 160 patients with vertigo, who were randomly assigned to two groups by computer random number table method. In Group 1 (<i>n</i>=80), both ears were first stimulated in the posteroinferior direction, followed by anterosuperior stimulation of the left ear in 40 cases and the right ear in 40 cases. In Group 2 (<i>n</i>=80), the order was reversed: the left and right ears received anterosuperior stimulation first, followed by posteroinferior stimulation in both ears. The maximum slow phase velocity (SPV) of induced- nystagmus, unilateral weakness (UW), and directional preponderance (DP) were recorded and compared between different stimulation directions. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0 software. <b>Results:</b> In Group 1, the slow-phase velocity (SPV) of nystagmus elicited by posterior-inferior air stimulation was consistently higher than that induced by anterior-superior stimulation. This difference was statistically significant, as determined by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (<i>P</i><0.05). Among the 31 participants who exhibited normal unilateral weakness (UW) following posterior-inferior stimulation, 24 (77.4%, 24/31) developed abnormal UW after subsequent anterior-superior stimulation. Conversely, among the 32 participants with initially abnormal UW after posterior-inferior stimulation, 14 (43.8%, 14/32) showed normalization of UW following anterior-superior stimulation. With respect to directional preponderance (DP), 65 participants had normal DP and 15 had abnormal DP after posterior-inferior stimulation. Following anterior-superior stimulation, 4 individuals with initially normal DP values became abnormal, whereas 3 individuals with initially abnormal DP values reverted to normal. In Group 2, the SPV of nystagmus induced by anterior-superior stimulation was significantly lower than that elicited by posterior-inferior stimulation, with a statistically significant difference (<i>P</i><0.05) confirmed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Among the 29 participants with normal UW after anterior-superior stimulation, 11 (37.9%, 11/29) exhibited abnormal UW upon subsequent posterior-inferior stimulation. Of the 39 participants with abnormal UW after anterior-superior stimulation, 21 (53.8%, 21/39) demonstrated normalized UW following posterior-inferior stimulation. Regarding DP, 70 participants had normal and 10 had abnormal baseline values after anterior-superior stimulation; after poster","PeriodicalId":23987,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery","volume":"61 1","pages":"34-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146054064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20251031-00575
B Zhou
{"title":"[Transnasal endoscopic surgical resection of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: surgical skills and treatment principles].","authors":"B Zhou","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20251031-00575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20251031-00575","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23987,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery","volume":"61 1","pages":"92-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146054028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250331-00190
X D Yan, S M Yang, L Wang, X Y Zhang, L G Yu, S N Zhang, Y Jiang
Objective: To analyze cases of intraorbital foreign bodies (IOFBs) removed via endoscopic transnasal or transorbital approaches from a single center and relevant literature reports, to summarize surgical techniques and diagnostic and therapeutic experiences, and to provide clinical references for endoscopic management of IOFBs. Methods: A total of 10 cases of IOFBs admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from September 2016 to September 2024 were collected. All patients were male, with the age of 47.00 (40.00, 66.50) years [M (Q1, Q3)]. Additionally, 20 related cases were retrieved via a comprehensive literature search. Surgical methods (endoscopic transnasal or transorbital approaches) for the removal of IOFBs were described, and clinical features, imaging findings, and therapeutic outcomes were analyzed. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2019 software. Results: Most IOFBs removed via endoscopic transnasal or transorbital approaches were located deep in the orbit, and the majority of patients (6 from our single-center series and 15 from the literature review) presented with symptoms of orbital apex injury, including vision loss and limited ocular motility. The density of wooden IOFBs increased over time: initially, they appeared as low-density lesions on CT scans with Hounsfield units (HU) ranging from -330 to -120; after prolonged retention, they converted to hyperdense lesions with CT values of 90-200 HU. Patients with no light perception preoperatively showed poor visual recovery, while most cases of vision loss and limited ocular motility improved postoperatively. Infections and other related symptoms were effectively alleviated. Conclusion: Endoscopic transnasal or transorbital approaches are effective therapeutic methods for deep IOFBs.
{"title":"[Endoscopic transnasal or transorbital removal of intraorbital foreign bodies: a single-center case series and literature review].","authors":"X D Yan, S M Yang, L Wang, X Y Zhang, L G Yu, S N Zhang, Y Jiang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250331-00190","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20250331-00190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To analyze cases of intraorbital foreign bodies (IOFBs) removed via endoscopic transnasal or transorbital approaches from a single center and relevant literature reports, to summarize surgical techniques and diagnostic and therapeutic experiences, and to provide clinical references for endoscopic management of IOFBs. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 10 cases of IOFBs admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from September 2016 to September 2024 were collected. All patients were male, with the age of 47.00 (40.00, 66.50) years [M (Q<sub>1</sub>, Q<sub>3</sub>)]. Additionally, 20 related cases were retrieved via a comprehensive literature search. Surgical methods (endoscopic transnasal or transorbital approaches) for the removal of IOFBs were described, and clinical features, imaging findings, and therapeutic outcomes were analyzed. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2019 software. <b>Results:</b> Most IOFBs removed via endoscopic transnasal or transorbital approaches were located deep in the orbit, and the majority of patients (6 from our single-center series and 15 from the literature review) presented with symptoms of orbital apex injury, including vision loss and limited ocular motility. The density of wooden IOFBs increased over time: initially, they appeared as low-density lesions on CT scans with Hounsfield units (HU) ranging from -330 to -120; after prolonged retention, they converted to hyperdense lesions with CT values of 90-200 HU. Patients with no light perception preoperatively showed poor visual recovery, while most cases of vision loss and limited ocular motility improved postoperatively. Infections and other related symptoms were effectively alleviated. <b>Conclusion:</b> Endoscopic transnasal or transorbital approaches are effective therapeutic methods for deep IOFBs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23987,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery","volume":"61 1","pages":"41-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146054031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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