K. Honda, A. Ines, Akihiro Yui, Apichon Witayangkurn, R. Chinnachodteeranun, Kumpee Teeravech
An agricultural information service platform, called FieldTouch, is being built and tested on geospatial data infrastructure and crop modeling framework. More than 100 farmers in Hokkaido, Japan, have been participating on this development and are utilizing the services for optimizing their daily agricultural practices, e.g., planning and targeting areas where to apply fertilizer more to enhance homogeneity of growth and robustness of crops in their fields. FieldTouch integrates multi-scale sensor data for field monitoring, provides functionality for recording agricultural practices, then supports farmers in decision making e.g., fertilizer management. RapidEye satellite images are being used for monitoring vegetation status updated every two weeks. Field sensor data from 25 nodes record soil moisture and temperature data at different soil depths, and suites of meteorological variables e.g., rainfall, minimum and maximum temperature, solar radiation, wind, etc. every 10 minutes. Data from national weather observation network, AMeDAS, is also a source of daily weather data. We used "cloudSense" sensor backend service that serves meta-data and data to FieldTouch via a standard web service called SOS (Sensor Observation Service), which brought great flexibility and enhanced automation of system's operation. Using agronomic data from experimental station, the cultivar parameters (genetic coefficients) of a local wheat variety were calibrated for the DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer) crop model using data assimilation. These were built in a web-based DSSAT wheat crop model called Tomorrow's Wheat (TMW) where in a user can explore the effects of timing of sowing at a given climatic condition, soil and crop management. TMW accesses long-term weather data from the on-line observation station up to the most recent archive, parameterize a built-in weather generator, then generate 100 weather scenarios then runs the wheat model at the chosen planting date, then two weeks, and one week before and after that. The yields are presented as distribution of yields at these different planting options. Future developments are going-on to personalize more the system so that the user can input fertilizer scenario, and be able also to apply seasonal climate forecast, and link to the 25 sensor nodes to simulate current plant conditions given a management scenario. In this way, the user can be informed better on how to manage their sources of vulnerabilities in their fields.
基于地理空间数据基础设施和作物建模框架，正在构建和测试一个名为FieldTouch的农业信息服务平台。日本北海道的100多名农民参与了这一开发，并利用该服务优化他们的日常农业实践，例如，规划和确定需要更多施肥的地区，以提高田间作物的生长均匀性和健壮性。FieldTouch集成了用于现场监测的多尺度传感器数据，提供了记录农业实践的功能，然后为农民提供决策支持，例如肥料管理。正在使用RapidEye卫星图像监测每两周更新一次的植被状况。来自25个节点的现场传感器数据记录了不同土壤深度的土壤湿度和温度数据，以及每10分钟一次的气象变量，如降雨量、最低和最高温度、太阳辐射、风等。来自国家天气观测网AMeDAS的数据也是每日天气数据的来源。我们使用“cloudSense”传感器后端服务，通过一个叫做SOS (sensor Observation service)的标准web服务向FieldTouch提供元数据和数据，这给系统的运行带来了极大的灵活性和提高了自动化程度。利用实验站的农艺资料，利用数据同化技术，为DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer)作物模型校准了当地小麦品种的品种参数(遗传系数)。这些数据建立在一个基于网络的DSSAT小麦作物模型中，该模型名为明日小麦(TMW)，用户可以在该模型中探索在给定气候条件、土壤和作物管理下播种时间的影响。TMW从在线观测站获取到最近存档的长期天气数据，对内置的天气生成器进行参数化，然后生成100个天气情景，然后在选定的播种日期运行小麦模型，然后在播种日期之前和之后的两周，一周。产量是这些不同种植方案的产量分布。未来的发展将使系统更加个性化，这样用户就可以输入肥料场景，也可以应用季节气候预测，并链接到25个传感器节点来模拟当前的植物状况。通过这种方式，用户可以更好地了解如何管理其领域中的漏洞来源。
{"title":"Agriculture Information Service Built on Geospatial Data Infrastructure and Crop Modeling","authors":"K. Honda, A. Ines, Akihiro Yui, Apichon Witayangkurn, R. Chinnachodteeranun, Kumpee Teeravech","doi":"10.1145/2637064.2637094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2637064.2637094","url":null,"abstract":"An agricultural information service platform, called FieldTouch, is being built and tested on geospatial data infrastructure and crop modeling framework. More than 100 farmers in Hokkaido, Japan, have been participating on this development and are utilizing the services for optimizing their daily agricultural practices, e.g., planning and targeting areas where to apply fertilizer more to enhance homogeneity of growth and robustness of crops in their fields. FieldTouch integrates multi-scale sensor data for field monitoring, provides functionality for recording agricultural practices, then supports farmers in decision making e.g., fertilizer management. RapidEye satellite images are being used for monitoring vegetation status updated every two weeks. Field sensor data from 25 nodes record soil moisture and temperature data at different soil depths, and suites of meteorological variables e.g., rainfall, minimum and maximum temperature, solar radiation, wind, etc. every 10 minutes. Data from national weather observation network, AMeDAS, is also a source of daily weather data. We used \"cloudSense\" sensor backend service that serves meta-data and data to FieldTouch via a standard web service called SOS (Sensor Observation Service), which brought great flexibility and enhanced automation of system's operation. Using agronomic data from experimental station, the cultivar parameters (genetic coefficients) of a local wheat variety were calibrated for the DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer) crop model using data assimilation. These were built in a web-based DSSAT wheat crop model called Tomorrow's Wheat (TMW) where in a user can explore the effects of timing of sowing at a given climatic condition, soil and crop management. TMW accesses long-term weather data from the on-line observation station up to the most recent archive, parameterize a built-in weather generator, then generate 100 weather scenarios then runs the wheat model at the chosen planting date, then two weeks, and one week before and after that. The yields are presented as distribution of yields at these different planting options. Future developments are going-on to personalize more the system so that the user can input fertilizer scenario, and be able also to apply seasonal climate forecast, and link to the 25 sensor nodes to simulate current plant conditions given a management scenario. In this way, the user can be informed better on how to manage their sources of vulnerabilities in their fields.","PeriodicalId":239987,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2014 International Workshop on Web Intelligence and Smart Sensing","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115132150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mina Sakamura, Takuro Yonezawa, J. Nakazawa, K. Takashio, H. Tokuda
Recent progress of mobile devices such as smartphones enables human to leverage their perception ability as a part of sensing framework. This sensing framework, so called participatory sensing, distributes various sensing tasks (e.g., whether report, waiting time in a queue, traffic conditions etc.) to possible participants. Then, participants can select and achieve the sensing tasks. However, in the coming future with the rapid growth of participatory sensing and increasing number of sensing tasks, it must be very hard for users to choose appropriate sensing tasks around them. To solve this problem, we propose a system called Help Me!, which can value and visualize importance of sensing tasks by quantifying them in cooperation with physical sensors. Since Help Me! system provides objective index for sensing tasks, it enhances opportunity for users to participate to sensing tasks. We designed and implemented Help Me! system as an integrated architecture of physical sensors and participatory sensors. Through initial in-lab experiment, we confirmed that Help Me! system can enhance opportunity to participate to sensing tasks for users.
{"title":"Help Me!: Valuing and Visualizing Participatory Sensing Tasks with Physical Sensors","authors":"Mina Sakamura, Takuro Yonezawa, J. Nakazawa, K. Takashio, H. Tokuda","doi":"10.1145/2637064.2637095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2637064.2637095","url":null,"abstract":"Recent progress of mobile devices such as smartphones enables human to leverage their perception ability as a part of sensing framework. This sensing framework, so called participatory sensing, distributes various sensing tasks (e.g., whether report, waiting time in a queue, traffic conditions etc.) to possible participants. Then, participants can select and achieve the sensing tasks. However, in the coming future with the rapid growth of participatory sensing and increasing number of sensing tasks, it must be very hard for users to choose appropriate sensing tasks around them. To solve this problem, we propose a system called Help Me!, which can value and visualize importance of sensing tasks by quantifying them in cooperation with physical sensors. Since Help Me! system provides objective index for sensing tasks, it enhances opportunity for users to participate to sensing tasks. We designed and implemented Help Me! system as an integrated architecture of physical sensors and participatory sensors. Through initial in-lab experiment, we confirmed that Help Me! system can enhance opportunity to participate to sensing tasks for users.","PeriodicalId":239987,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2014 International Workshop on Web Intelligence and Smart Sensing","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127109080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
El-Mehdi Khalfi, Jean-Paul Jamont, Francisco Cervantes, M. Barhamgi
The Web of things paradigm aims to interconnect network-enabled objects using Web standards and protocols. Designing such systems raises several challenges related to the heterogeneity of things and the openness of the whole system. We propose an avatar-based approach to abstract physical objects into autonomous agents. We lead a discussion about these Web abstractions by highlighting some multi-agent systems requirements and their implementation on the Web.
{"title":"Designing the Web of Things as a Society of Autonomous Real/Virtual Hybrid Entities","authors":"El-Mehdi Khalfi, Jean-Paul Jamont, Francisco Cervantes, M. Barhamgi","doi":"10.1145/2637064.2637103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2637064.2637103","url":null,"abstract":"The Web of things paradigm aims to interconnect network-enabled objects using Web standards and protocols. Designing such systems raises several challenges related to the heterogeneity of things and the openness of the whole system. We propose an avatar-based approach to abstract physical objects into autonomous agents. We lead a discussion about these Web abstractions by highlighting some multi-agent systems requirements and their implementation on the Web.","PeriodicalId":239987,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2014 International Workshop on Web Intelligence and Smart Sensing","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123918199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Maret, F. Ishikawa, S. Honda, Takuro Yonezawa, R. Akerkar, T. Riedel
The main objective of the IWWISS 2014 is to explore whether the underlying ideas of Web Intelligence and technologies can meet the domain of Smart Sensors to allow the development of an open information space which we call the Smart Sensing Web. The Smart Sensing Web unifies the real and the virtual world by integrating sensor technologies and Web intelligence technologies.
{"title":"International Workshop on Web Intelligence and Smart Sensing IWWISS'2014","authors":"P. Maret, F. Ishikawa, S. Honda, Takuro Yonezawa, R. Akerkar, T. Riedel","doi":"10.1145/2637064.2637088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2637064.2637088","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of the IWWISS 2014 is to explore whether the underlying ideas of Web Intelligence and technologies can meet the domain of Smart Sensors to allow the development of an open information space which we call the Smart Sensing Web. The Smart Sensing Web unifies the real and the virtual world by integrating sensor technologies and Web intelligence technologies.","PeriodicalId":239987,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2014 International Workshop on Web Intelligence and Smart Sensing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129492198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For WSNs, it is important to improve the accuracy of decentralized estimation and reduce energy consumption however difficult to achieve both of these goals at the same time. In this paer, a Kalman filtering approach with quantization of innovation processes is used for such purposes by following preceeding researches and showing another direction to attain new insights about the balance between energy efficiency and improvement of decentralized estimation.
{"title":"Energy Efficiency of Decentralized Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"Hiroyuki Ohkura, S. Honda","doi":"10.1145/2637064.2637105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2637064.2637105","url":null,"abstract":"For WSNs, it is important to improve the accuracy of decentralized estimation and reduce energy consumption however difficult to achieve both of these goals at the same time. In this paer, a Kalman filtering approach with quantization of innovation processes is used for such purposes by following preceeding researches and showing another direction to attain new insights about the balance between energy efficiency and improvement of decentralized estimation.","PeriodicalId":239987,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2014 International Workshop on Web Intelligence and Smart Sensing","volume":"135 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131172463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afra Khenifar, Jean-Paul Jamont, M. Occello, Choukri-Bey Ben-Yelles, M. Koudil
A Web of Things (WoT) system is composed of physical things and virtual objects which interact together to reach a set of goals. They communicate using Web standards and protocols. Interactions are complex because numerous heterogeneous objects interact together in open environments. It is interesting to consider a WoT subsystem as a single entity. The interaction between entities of two different WoT subsystems can then be treated as a one-to-one interaction. In this paper we present an approach which consists in transforming a many-to-many interaction problem into a one-to-one problem, using a recursive model.
{"title":"A recursive approach to enable the collective level interaction of the Web of Things applications","authors":"Afra Khenifar, Jean-Paul Jamont, M. Occello, Choukri-Bey Ben-Yelles, M. Koudil","doi":"10.1145/2637064.2637098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2637064.2637098","url":null,"abstract":"A Web of Things (WoT) system is composed of physical things and virtual objects which interact together to reach a set of goals. They communicate using Web standards and protocols. Interactions are complex because numerous heterogeneous objects interact together in open environments. It is interesting to consider a WoT subsystem as a single entity. The interaction between entities of two different WoT subsystems can then be treated as a one-to-one interaction. In this paper we present an approach which consists in transforming a many-to-many interaction problem into a one-to-one problem, using a recursive model.","PeriodicalId":239987,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2014 International Workshop on Web Intelligence and Smart Sensing","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130213062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many researches support farmers to collect physiological and environmental data automatically to increase the value of agricultural products. In the research area of a field monitoring, this paper proposes a monorail type field monitoring system for multiple point observation. The proposed system, including a moving camera, a station, and rail can automatically move on a rail and can take pictures of targets at different points in a field. Collected data such as image and sensor values are transferred to cloud services such as Flickr and Twitter through the Internet. Our system can realize low cost and high quality field monitoring. Hardware experiments to confirm the capability of the proposed monorail-based monitoring system in terms of the photographed image quality were performed. The experimental results showed that the system stably moved on the rail and obtained the same composition images when targets to be photographed were placed in different places.
{"title":"Monorail-based Monitoring System for Multipoint Field Observation","authors":"Kazuki Kobayashi, Yuya Fujikawa, Yasunori Saito","doi":"10.1145/2637064.2637093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2637064.2637093","url":null,"abstract":"Many researches support farmers to collect physiological and environmental data automatically to increase the value of agricultural products. In the research area of a field monitoring, this paper proposes a monorail type field monitoring system for multiple point observation. The proposed system, including a moving camera, a station, and rail can automatically move on a rail and can take pictures of targets at different points in a field. Collected data such as image and sensor values are transferred to cloud services such as Flickr and Twitter through the Internet. Our system can realize low cost and high quality field monitoring. Hardware experiments to confirm the capability of the proposed monorail-based monitoring system in terms of the photographed image quality were performed. The experimental results showed that the system stably moved on the rail and obtained the same composition images when targets to be photographed were placed in different places.","PeriodicalId":239987,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2014 International Workshop on Web Intelligence and Smart Sensing","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116477595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zakaria M. Djedou, Fabrice Muhlenbach, P. Maret, G. Lopez
The aim of this paper is to present our preliminary approach and work in progress in the design of sequence mining techniques for a new smart clock alarm. This clock alarm will ring the user at the most physiological opportune moment in a predefined time frame. We rely on a wearable biosensor collecting various signals (ECG, movement, temperature) and on algorithms that dynamically mine into the sequences of heterogeneous data to identify sleep cycles. The system will be less intrusive and more accurate than others. This paper presents the underlying domains, the method and the experiments we are implementing.
{"title":"Can Sequence Mining Improve Your Morning Mood? Toward a Precise Non-invasive Smart Clock","authors":"Zakaria M. Djedou, Fabrice Muhlenbach, P. Maret, G. Lopez","doi":"10.1145/2637064.2637099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2637064.2637099","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to present our preliminary approach and work in progress in the design of sequence mining techniques for a new smart clock alarm. This clock alarm will ring the user at the most physiological opportune moment in a predefined time frame. We rely on a wearable biosensor collecting various signals (ECG, movement, temperature) and on algorithms that dynamically mine into the sequences of heterogeneous data to identify sleep cycles. The system will be less intrusive and more accurate than others. This paper presents the underlying domains, the method and the experiments we are implementing.","PeriodicalId":239987,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2014 International Workshop on Web Intelligence and Smart Sensing","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122290845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper proposes a method for determining an appropriate names of popular POIs (Point of Interests) obtained in a clustering-based social spatial data analysis. The proposed method utilizes several reverse geocoding APIs, such as Foursquare and Google, and selects the most probable name for each cluster. In addition, the author tries to figure out the adequate dataset size when the proposed name assign method is used. Because the proposed name assign method is not affected by the size of dataset. By using the collected data, more than 4 million geo-tagged photos of 5 cities from Flickr, the author confirmed that the proposed method can assign more proper name for the clustering results compared with a conventional tag-based name assign method, even if the size of dataset is small.
{"title":"Discovering Popular Point of Interests for Tourism with Appropriate Names from Social Data Analysis","authors":"Yutaka Arakawa","doi":"10.1145/2637064.2637100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2637064.2637100","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a method for determining an appropriate names of popular POIs (Point of Interests) obtained in a clustering-based social spatial data analysis. The proposed method utilizes several reverse geocoding APIs, such as Foursquare and Google, and selects the most probable name for each cluster. In addition, the author tries to figure out the adequate dataset size when the proposed name assign method is used. Because the proposed name assign method is not affected by the size of dataset. By using the collected data, more than 4 million geo-tagged photos of 5 cities from Flickr, the author confirmed that the proposed method can assign more proper name for the clustering results compared with a conventional tag-based name assign method, even if the size of dataset is small.","PeriodicalId":239987,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2014 International Workshop on Web Intelligence and Smart Sensing","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123341625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this research, we focus on the challenge of user-generated tests, where crowdsourcing of users have the chance of making new and innovative questions that increases the allowance for a teacher to create a new test. This approach replaces the dependence of stored questions/ answers pair that encourage memory skills not learning skills. The limitation of how to accept these questions contents is raised up. In this paper we propose a question acceptance method based on two measures that weight the question's score, which are difficulty and goodness factors. Since the formalization of assessment and goodness which we made in this paper are recursive, we also propose a heuristic algorithm for iteratively calculating both values. Moreover, we show simulation result to confirm that the algorithm converges, and that it reflects the difficulty and the goodness factors.
{"title":"A Method for Assessing User-generated Tests for Online Courses Exploiting Crowdsourcing Concept","authors":"Ghada Farouk Naiem, Sozo Inoue","doi":"10.1145/2637064.2637102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2637064.2637102","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, we focus on the challenge of user-generated tests, where crowdsourcing of users have the chance of making new and innovative questions that increases the allowance for a teacher to create a new test. This approach replaces the dependence of stored questions/ answers pair that encourage memory skills not learning skills. The limitation of how to accept these questions contents is raised up. In this paper we propose a question acceptance method based on two measures that weight the question's score, which are difficulty and goodness factors. Since the formalization of assessment and goodness which we made in this paper are recursive, we also propose a heuristic algorithm for iteratively calculating both values. Moreover, we show simulation result to confirm that the algorithm converges, and that it reflects the difficulty and the goodness factors.","PeriodicalId":239987,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2014 International Workshop on Web Intelligence and Smart Sensing","volume":"42 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126702149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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