This paper continues exploration of governance and CEO policy within the spiritual model of humanity to improve staff performance in organizations, thereby improving results, while simultaneously improving integration of the organization into the community within which it is embedded.
This paper specifically explores the question: Does governance and the CEO have any responsibility toward the society/community within which it is embedded?
{"title":"The Spiritual Model of Humanity (5) Governance, CEO and the Social Quid Pro Quo","authors":"G. Little","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3414594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3414594","url":null,"abstract":"This paper continues exploration of governance and CEO policy within the spiritual model of humanity to improve staff performance in organizations, thereby improving results, while simultaneously improving integration of the organization into the community within which it is embedded. <br><br>This paper specifically explores the question: Does governance and the CEO have any responsibility toward the society/community within which it is embedded? <br>","PeriodicalId":245576,"journal":{"name":"CSR & Management Practice eJournal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115622520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Circular economic business models such as repair, reuse, access-sharing or product-as-a-service, are increasingly present in the consumer sector. Together with new digital technologies, this development challenges the legal framework which currently exists in Europe in order to protect consumers and bystanders against physical and property damage resulting from products and services. General national liability law regimes, both contractual and extra-contractual, are not well adapted to allocate risk and liability in complex bundles of products and services which involve both professional (B2C) and non-professional offerings (C2C). Product liability law, which was developed in a linear economical context dominated by sales-contracts, equally struggles to address these new issues, because of the limitations of its scope of application and the way in which its liability criterion and defences have been formulated. Current attention is focused on liability for new digital technologies. However, it will also be necessary to take circular economic models into account when developing a new liability law for products and services which is suited to a more efficient and more sustainable economy.
{"title":"Liability Law as a Potential Obstacle to Circular Business Models in the Consumer Sector","authors":"Elias Van Gool","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3493602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3493602","url":null,"abstract":"Circular economic business models such as repair, reuse, access-sharing or product-as-a-service, are increasingly present in the consumer sector. Together with new digital technologies, this development challenges the legal framework which currently exists in Europe in order to protect consumers and bystanders against physical and property damage resulting from products and services. General national liability law regimes, both contractual and extra-contractual, are not well adapted to allocate risk and liability in complex bundles of products and services which involve both professional (B2C) and non-professional offerings (C2C). Product liability law, which was developed in a linear economical context dominated by sales-contracts, equally struggles to address these new issues, because of the limitations of its scope of application and the way in which its liability criterion and defences have been formulated. Current attention is focused on liability for new digital technologies. However, it will also be necessary to take circular economic models into account when developing a new liability law for products and services which is suited to a more efficient and more sustainable economy.","PeriodicalId":245576,"journal":{"name":"CSR & Management Practice eJournal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121921710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cause-related marketing is an arrangement between non-profit and for-profit organizations that benefits a cause through increasing awareness and financial contributions from sales. It is a win-win situation for all stakeholders. The present paper illustrates the case of cause-related marketing by a business school where livelihood opportunities for tribal women were created by marketing tribal products. Tribal Cultural Society, a non-government organization NGO based in Jamshedpur had trained members of a self-help group (SHG) in making Saura and sohrai paintings. The team from the business school IMT Ghaziabad promoted the cause of tribal paintings by marketing activities. The paper discusses the benefits accrued to all stakeholders.
{"title":"Cause Related Marketing by Management School: A Case of Creating Livelihood for Tribal People in Jharkhand, India","authors":"Ranjana Agarwal, Gunjan Malhotra, Syeedun Nisa","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3326327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3326327","url":null,"abstract":"Cause-related marketing is an arrangement between non-profit and for-profit organizations that benefits a cause through increasing awareness and financial contributions from sales. It is a win-win situation for all stakeholders. The present paper illustrates the case of cause-related marketing by a business school where livelihood opportunities for tribal women were created by marketing tribal products. Tribal Cultural Society, a non-government organization NGO based in Jamshedpur had trained members of a self-help group (SHG) in making Saura and sohrai paintings. The team from the business school IMT Ghaziabad promoted the cause of tribal paintings by marketing activities. The paper discusses the benefits accrued to all stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":245576,"journal":{"name":"CSR & Management Practice eJournal","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117231347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examines the impact of climate change on firm earnings, and how well managers anticipate the impact. Exploiting regional temperature variation around corporate headquarters, we find that firms’ earnings, on average, are negatively impacted by an unusually warm climate. In economic terms, a 1°C increase in temperature is associated with a $1.6 million decrease in earnings for a median-sized firm. In sensitivity analyses, the negative impact is also found with alternative measures of economic location (10-K text-based measure) and climate change (extreme climate index). An unusually warmer climate not only reduces sales, but also increases operating expenses and the frequency of special and extraordinary expense items. In cross-sectional analyses, we find a substantially smaller impact on firms with greater diversification and for those in industries with higher climate lobbying intensity. Firm-level regressions indicate there are some “winners” with about one-third of individual firms benefitting from a warmer climate. Finally, managers of firms which are the most susceptible to a warmer climate tend to underestimate the negative impact on earnings, and this problem is more severe in states where climate change skepticism is high.
{"title":"Impact of Climate Change on Firm Earnings: Evidence from Temperature Anomalies","authors":"Artur Hugon, Kelvin K. F. Law","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3271386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3271386","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the impact of climate change on firm earnings, and how well managers anticipate the impact. Exploiting regional temperature variation around corporate headquarters, we find that firms’ earnings, on average, are negatively impacted by an unusually warm climate. In economic terms, a 1°C increase in temperature is associated with a $1.6 million decrease in earnings for a median-sized firm. In sensitivity analyses, the negative impact is also found with alternative measures of economic location (10-K text-based measure) and climate change (extreme climate index). An unusually warmer climate not only reduces sales, but also increases operating expenses and the frequency of special and extraordinary expense items. In cross-sectional analyses, we find a substantially smaller impact on firms with greater diversification and for those in industries with higher climate lobbying intensity. Firm-level regressions indicate there are some “winners” with about one-third of individual firms benefitting from a warmer climate. Finally, managers of firms which are the most susceptible to a warmer climate tend to underestimate the negative impact on earnings, and this problem is more severe in states where climate change skepticism is high.","PeriodicalId":245576,"journal":{"name":"CSR & Management Practice eJournal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116767386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Corporate governance in Australia is currently undergoing a transitional and contentious period regarding whether and how to integrate corporate social responsibility (CSR). This paper aims to understand how corporate governance relates to CSR performance in Australia by examining two areas of corporate governance: board and gender diversity. Design/methodology/approach: Data covering the period 2002 to 2016 are analysed by three methods, including OLS, panel regression and dynamic GMM. Corporate governance is operationalized with five variables: board size, board independency, chairperson independency, existence of risk management committee, and special committee devoted to corporate sustainability/CSR. Gender diversity is operationalized with four variables: percentage of female directors, percentage of female managers, gender of CEO, and gender of chairperson. In addition to individual variables, this study also develops overall indices of board structure and gender diversity, respectively. Four aspects of CSR performance, namely corporate social performance, corporate environmental performance, controversies over CSR, and greenhouse-gas emissions from corporate activities are included. Synthesizing data from SIRCA, Thomson Reuters Asset4 and Morningstar, we have a sample of 2,250 firm-year observations. Findings: This study identifies factors that positively relate to CSR performance, including a board that consists of more directors, more independent directors, more women, a risk management committee and a special committee devoted to CSR. Moreover, board structure and gender diversity also negatively relate to controversies over CSR, yet no relation between corporate governance and greenhouse-gas emissions is identified. These findings are robust to different analysis methods. Originality/value: Findings indicate that even if directors’ duties have been not explicitly extended to the interests of other stakeholders, the extant requirement of duties also to some extent encourages CSR performance. But corporate governance in Australia does not appear to adequately consider issues of greenhouse-gas emissions and climate change. Regarding board subordinates, findings in this study reveal that two voluntarily formed board committees, namely the risk management committee and CSR committee, positively relate to CSR performance. Extending prior studies in Australia, this study provides a more comprehensive picture of how board structure and gender diversity relate to CSR performance.
{"title":"Corporate Social Responsibility, Board Structure, and Gender Diversity: Evidence from Australia","authors":"Zhongtian Li, S. Xu, Ellie Chapple, Jing Jia","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3319113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3319113","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Corporate governance in Australia is currently undergoing a transitional and contentious period regarding whether and how to integrate corporate social responsibility (CSR). This paper aims to understand how corporate governance relates to CSR performance in Australia by examining two areas of corporate governance: board and gender diversity. \u0000 \u0000Design/methodology/approach: Data covering the period 2002 to 2016 are analysed by three methods, including OLS, panel regression and dynamic GMM. Corporate governance is operationalized with five variables: board size, board independency, chairperson independency, existence of risk management committee, and special committee devoted to corporate sustainability/CSR. Gender diversity is operationalized with four variables: percentage of female directors, percentage of female managers, gender of CEO, and gender of chairperson. In addition to individual variables, this study also develops overall indices of board structure and gender diversity, respectively. Four aspects of CSR performance, namely corporate social performance, corporate environmental performance, controversies over CSR, and greenhouse-gas emissions from corporate activities are included. Synthesizing data from SIRCA, Thomson Reuters Asset4 and Morningstar, we have a sample of 2,250 firm-year observations. \u0000 \u0000Findings: This study identifies factors that positively relate to CSR performance, including a board that consists of more directors, more independent directors, more women, a risk management committee and a special committee devoted to CSR. Moreover, board structure and gender diversity also negatively relate to controversies over CSR, yet no relation between corporate governance and greenhouse-gas emissions is identified. These findings are robust to different analysis methods. \u0000 \u0000Originality/value: Findings indicate that even if directors’ duties have been not explicitly extended to the interests of other stakeholders, the extant requirement of duties also to some extent encourages CSR performance. But corporate governance in Australia does not appear to adequately consider issues of greenhouse-gas emissions and climate change. Regarding board subordinates, findings in this study reveal that two voluntarily formed board committees, namely the risk management committee and CSR committee, positively relate to CSR performance. Extending prior studies in Australia, this study provides a more comprehensive picture of how board structure and gender diversity relate to CSR performance.","PeriodicalId":245576,"journal":{"name":"CSR & Management Practice eJournal","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123130076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We use compensation consultant turnover to investigate optimal or excessive CEO compensation recommendations by consultants. Prior literature contends that consultants issue outsized pay recommendations in order to achieve repeat business; we present evidence suggesting their interests are, instead, aligned with shareholders’ desire to appropriately pay the CEO. We find that boards are more likely to dismiss their consultant when CEO pay is abnormally large. These pay-related switches are associated with a decrease in CEO compensation the following year and are concentrated at firms with stronger corporate governance. Lastly, directors representing shareholders’ interests are rewarded with higher votes in annual elections.
{"title":"Compensation Consultants: Whom Do They Serve? Evidence From Consultant Changes","authors":"Ryan G. Chacon, Rachel E. Gordon, Adam S. Yore","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3281133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3281133","url":null,"abstract":"We use compensation consultant turnover to investigate optimal or excessive CEO compensation recommendations by consultants. Prior literature contends that consultants issue outsized pay recommendations in order to achieve repeat business; we present evidence suggesting their interests are, instead, aligned with shareholders’ desire to appropriately pay the CEO. We find that boards are more likely to dismiss their consultant when CEO pay is abnormally large. These pay-related switches are associated with a decrease in CEO compensation the following year and are concentrated at firms with stronger corporate governance. Lastly, directors representing shareholders’ interests are rewarded with higher votes in annual elections.","PeriodicalId":245576,"journal":{"name":"CSR & Management Practice eJournal","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123134254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human Resource Management (HRM) is important to increase the performance of the organization in terms of financial as well as organizational outcomes. This paper argues that corporations should adapt their global HRM practices according to local culture, national politics, and build a system where local culture is given promises. To understand the importance of local practices, it is also important to understand the dynamic between global and national subsidiaries.
{"title":"Importance of Adapting HRM Practices to Local Conditions","authors":"Chenoy Ceil","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3520594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3520594","url":null,"abstract":"Human Resource Management (HRM) is important to increase the performance of the organization in terms of financial as well as organizational outcomes. This paper argues that corporations should adapt their global HRM practices according to local culture, national politics, and build a system where local culture is given promises. To understand the importance of local practices, it is also important to understand the dynamic between global and national subsidiaries. <br>","PeriodicalId":245576,"journal":{"name":"CSR & Management Practice eJournal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114147825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cluster is a concentration of homogeneous interlinked and interdependent manufacturing or service provider organizations in a particular location. In Bangladesh, more than 50 homogeneous enterprises collocated in a particular cluster and shares common strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats is known as a cluster. Availability of raw materials, skilled labors, market demands, favorable infrastructure so on and so forth factors have direct or indirect impact to develop a cluster at a specific location. Alfred Marshall, the English economist, is supposed to have propounded the cluster concept in 1910. He examined the industrial districts found in Europe and explained that main reasons of localization of industry are physical conditions such as climate and availability of raw materials. These factors resulted in benefits of externalities for firms within them such as technology availability, access to a skilled labor, access to inputs and marketing advantages. Later on, Michael E. Porter (2003) who is recognized as the founder of industrial cluster concept defined cluster as a “Geographically proximate group of interconnected companies, suppliers, service providers and associated institutions in a particular field, linked by externalities of various types�? (Porter, 2003). SME Foundation defined SME cluster for the first time in Bangladesh in 2013 as “A Cluster is a concentration of enterprises producing similar products or services and is situated within an adjoining geographical location around 5 km radius and having a common strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats�? (SMEF, 2013).
集群是同质的、相互联系和相互依赖的制造或服务提供商组织在特定地点的集中。在孟加拉国，50多家同质企业集中在一个特定的集群中，拥有共同的优势、弱点、机会和威胁，这被称为集群。原材料的可获得性、熟练劳动力、市场需求、良好的基础设施等因素对特定地点的集群发展有直接或间接的影响。人们认为，英国经济学家阿尔弗雷德•马歇尔(Alfred Marshall)在1910年提出了集群概念。他分析了在欧洲发现的工业园区，并解释说，气候和原材料供应等自然条件是导致工业本土化的主要原因。这些因素导致公司内部的外部性利益，如技术可用性，获得熟练劳动力，获得投入和营销优势。后来，Michael E. Porter(2003)被公认为产业集群概念的创始人，他将集群定义为“地理上邻近的特定领域内相互关联的公司、供应商、服务提供商和相关机构的群体，由各种类型的外部性联系在一起”。(波特,2003)。2013年，中小企业基金会首次在孟加拉国将中小企业集群定义为:“集群是指生产类似产品或服务的企业集中在一个毗邻的地理位置上，半径约5公里，具有共同的优势、劣势、机会和威胁。”(SMEF, 2013)。
{"title":"Concept and Importance of Industrial Cluster Development","authors":"M. Abdin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3232576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3232576","url":null,"abstract":"Cluster is a concentration of homogeneous interlinked and interdependent manufacturing or service provider organizations in a particular location. In Bangladesh, more than 50 homogeneous enterprises collocated in a particular cluster and shares common strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats is known as a cluster. Availability of raw materials, skilled labors, market demands, favorable infrastructure so on and so forth factors have direct or indirect impact to develop a cluster at a specific location. Alfred Marshall, the English economist, is supposed to have propounded the cluster concept in 1910. He examined the industrial districts found in Europe and explained that main reasons of localization of industry are physical conditions such as climate and availability of raw materials. These factors resulted in benefits of externalities for firms within them such as technology availability, access to a skilled labor, access to inputs and marketing advantages. Later on, Michael E. Porter (2003) who is recognized as the founder of industrial cluster concept defined cluster as a “Geographically proximate group of interconnected companies, suppliers, service providers and associated institutions in a particular field, linked by externalities of various types�? (Porter, 2003). SME Foundation defined SME cluster for the first time in Bangladesh in 2013 as “A Cluster is a concentration of enterprises producing similar products or services and is situated within an adjoining geographical location around 5 km radius and having a common strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats�? (SMEF, 2013).","PeriodicalId":245576,"journal":{"name":"CSR & Management Practice eJournal","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130681238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-28DOI: 10.31124/ADVANCE.7370426.V1
Robert M. Yawson, I. Johnson-Kanda
Complex Adaptive Leadership offers ways to shift the focus of practice to one that reflects, embraces multiple points of view, and changes in response to new knowledge and data. From a societal perspective, complex adaptive leadership provides organizations with the opportunity to grapple with the most significant and persistent problems of our time and potentially achieve real change. The paper explores complexity theory in more detail and its influence on social systems using gender bias and terrorism as examples. Using the Human Security Framework as a complex adaptive leadership approach in addressing Wicked Problems, this paper describes the Human Security dimensions to understand the wicked problems in which 21st-century organizations grapple with and the type of organizational leadership needed to confront these challenges.
{"title":"Complex Adaptive Leadership for Organization and Human Development","authors":"Robert M. Yawson, I. Johnson-Kanda","doi":"10.31124/ADVANCE.7370426.V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31124/ADVANCE.7370426.V1","url":null,"abstract":"Complex Adaptive Leadership offers ways to shift the focus of practice to one that reflects, embraces multiple points of view, and changes in response to new knowledge and data. From a societal perspective, complex adaptive leadership provides organizations with the opportunity to grapple with the most significant and persistent problems of our time and potentially achieve real change. The paper explores complexity theory in more detail and its influence on social systems using gender bias and terrorism as examples. Using the Human Security Framework as a complex adaptive leadership approach in addressing Wicked Problems, this paper describes the Human Security dimensions to understand the wicked problems in which 21st-century organizations grapple with and the type of organizational leadership needed to confront these challenges.","PeriodicalId":245576,"journal":{"name":"CSR & Management Practice eJournal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134503724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John Kwoka’s Mergers, Merger Control, and Remedies is a meta-analysis of “retrospective” academic studies of consummated mergers and other horizontal arrangements. Based on this meta-analysis, Kwoka strongly criticizes federal enforcement policies, claiming that the agencies permit far too many anticompetitive mergers to go unchallenged, and are far too willing to accept remedies that fail to prevent a significant loss of competition. Kwoka claims further that this excessive leniency is culmination of a trend reflecting deliberate policy choices made over the last several decades. In a forthcoming critique, Vita & Osinski challenge Kwoka’s analysis and his conclusions, identifying serious flaws in the size, construction, and composition of his sample, and in the statistical analysis of the data drawn from that sample. In a published response to Vita & Osinski, Professor Kwoka offers a number of objections and counter-arguments. In this rejoinder, I respond to Professor Kwoka.
John Kwoka的《合并、合并控制和补救》是对已完成合并和其他横向安排的“回顾性”学术研究的荟萃分析。基于这一元分析，Kwoka强烈批评了联邦执法政策，声称这些机构允许太多的反竞争合并不受挑战，并且太愿意接受无法防止重大竞争损失的补救措施。Kwoka进一步声称，这种过度宽容是过去几十年来深思熟虑的政策选择的趋势的高潮。在即将发表的评论中，Vita和Osinski对Kwoka的分析和结论提出了挑战，指出了他的样本的大小、结构和组成以及样本数据的统计分析中的严重缺陷。在一篇针对Vita & Osinski的公开回应中，Kwoka教授提出了一些反对意见和反驳意见。我在此反驳郭冈教授。
{"title":"Kwoka’s Mergers, Merger Control, and Remedies: Rejoinder to Kwoka","authors":"M. Vita","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3098855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3098855","url":null,"abstract":"John Kwoka’s Mergers, Merger Control, and Remedies is a meta-analysis of “retrospective” academic studies of consummated mergers and other horizontal arrangements. Based on this meta-analysis, Kwoka strongly criticizes federal enforcement policies, claiming that the agencies permit far too many anticompetitive mergers to go unchallenged, and are far too willing to accept remedies that fail to prevent a significant loss of competition. Kwoka claims further that this excessive leniency is culmination of a trend reflecting deliberate policy choices made over the last several decades. In a forthcoming critique, Vita & Osinski challenge Kwoka’s analysis and his conclusions, identifying serious flaws in the size, construction, and composition of his sample, and in the statistical analysis of the data drawn from that sample. In a published response to Vita & Osinski, Professor Kwoka offers a number of objections and counter-arguments. In this rejoinder, I respond to Professor Kwoka.","PeriodicalId":245576,"journal":{"name":"CSR & Management Practice eJournal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131762093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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