Pub Date : 2009-03-18DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915260
M. A. Elgendy, B. Zahawi, D. Atkinson, D. Giaouris
The behaviour of searching maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms utilizing direct duty ratio perturbation control is shown to exhibit nonlinear phenomena, including slow scale bifurcations and chaos like behaviour, when applied to a dc photovoltaic (PV) system. The performance characteristics of a dc photovoltaic water pumping system, in which the searching MPPT algorithm is applied at the frequency of the PWM signal of the converter, are examined. The nonlinear behaviour of the system is analyzed and the effects of different parameters on system performance are discussed.
{"title":"Dynamic behaviour of DC motor-based photovoltaic pumping systems under searching MPPT algorithms","authors":"M. A. Elgendy, B. Zahawi, D. Atkinson, D. Giaouris","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915260","url":null,"abstract":"The behaviour of searching maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms utilizing direct duty ratio perturbation control is shown to exhibit nonlinear phenomena, including slow scale bifurcations and chaos like behaviour, when applied to a dc photovoltaic (PV) system. The performance characteristics of a dc photovoltaic water pumping system, in which the searching MPPT algorithm is applied at the frequency of the PWM signal of the converter, are examined. The nonlinear behaviour of the system is analyzed and the effects of different parameters on system performance are discussed.","PeriodicalId":246039,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132672321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-18DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915182
C. Ramos, A. Martins, A. Carvalho
The modeling of grid connected voltage source converters results in a MIMO system with cross coupling between the two inputs and the two outputs. The usual approach is to design the two compensation controllers for the direct path and use a feed forward component to compensate the coupling. However, this term can lead to significant errors since the associated parameters can change in time. A controller that can directly handle this coupling term is the best approach to maintain high performance levels. The main purpose of the paper is to present a methodology to design a current controller based on the concept of a controller in the complex domain. The complex controller is obtained using the pole placement method and its extension to high order systems is discussed. Finally, simulation and experimental results are presented, clearly demonstrating the validity of the design approach.
{"title":"An integrated approach to design high performance controllers for PWM VSC converters","authors":"C. Ramos, A. Martins, A. Carvalho","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915182","url":null,"abstract":"The modeling of grid connected voltage source converters results in a MIMO system with cross coupling between the two inputs and the two outputs. The usual approach is to design the two compensation controllers for the direct path and use a feed forward component to compensate the coupling. However, this term can lead to significant errors since the associated parameters can change in time. A controller that can directly handle this coupling term is the best approach to maintain high performance levels. The main purpose of the paper is to present a methodology to design a current controller based on the concept of a controller in the complex domain. The complex controller is obtained using the pole placement method and its extension to high order systems is discussed. Finally, simulation and experimental results are presented, clearly demonstrating the validity of the design approach.","PeriodicalId":246039,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130528437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-18DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915141
B. Wilamowski
An overview of various neural network architectures is presented. Depending on applications some of these architectures are capable to perform very complex operations with limited number of neurons, while other architectures, which use more neurons, are easy to train. There are neural network architectures which have very limited requirements for training or no training is required. The importance of the proper learning algorithm was emphasized because with advanced learning algorithm we can train these networks, which cannot be trained with simple algorithms. When simple training algorithms, such as EBP are used, neural networks with larger number of neurons must be used to fulfill the task.
{"title":"Special neural network architectures for easy electronic implementations","authors":"B. Wilamowski","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915141","url":null,"abstract":"An overview of various neural network architectures is presented. Depending on applications some of these architectures are capable to perform very complex operations with limited number of neurons, while other architectures, which use more neurons, are easy to train. There are neural network architectures which have very limited requirements for training or no training is required. The importance of the proper learning algorithm was emphasized because with advanced learning algorithm we can train these networks, which cannot be trained with simple algorithms. When simple training algorithms, such as EBP are used, neural networks with larger number of neurons must be used to fulfill the task.","PeriodicalId":246039,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123890499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-18DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915201
M. Ohenoja, K. Leiviska
The target in this paper is to show how Genetic Algorithms apply for parameter identification of different fuel cells. Therefore, two electrochemical models have been fitted for three different fuel cells. The data originates in the current vs. voltage curves (polarization curves) from the published literature. The results seem promising — a real-coded Genetic Algorithm seems to provide with the model parameters that take the properties of the fuel cells into account. The test material is, however, too small to draw more solid conclusions.
{"title":"Identification of electrochemical model parameters in PEM fuel cells","authors":"M. Ohenoja, K. Leiviska","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915201","url":null,"abstract":"The target in this paper is to show how Genetic Algorithms apply for parameter identification of different fuel cells. Therefore, two electrochemical models have been fitted for three different fuel cells. The data originates in the current vs. voltage curves (polarization curves) from the published literature. The results seem promising — a real-coded Genetic Algorithm seems to provide with the model parameters that take the properties of the fuel cells into account. The test material is, however, too small to draw more solid conclusions.","PeriodicalId":246039,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"347 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124288971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-18DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915220
P. Sousa, S. Valtchev, M. Neves, A. Rodrigues
Stepping motors are electromagnetic incremental-motion actuators, which, when energized by a voltage and current input, index in given angular increments. Their inherent positional accuracy makes them suitable for a wide range of motion control and industrial positioning applications, especially when slow and precise movement is required. However, their speed is limited by their torque which diminishes when the applied pulse train becomes too fast. To be more adequate to the necessities of higher speed applications their behavior can be improved through better electrical controller and motor designs.
{"title":"A new open-loop control method for stepping motor driving","authors":"P. Sousa, S. Valtchev, M. Neves, A. Rodrigues","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915220","url":null,"abstract":"Stepping motors are electromagnetic incremental-motion actuators, which, when energized by a voltage and current input, index in given angular increments. Their inherent positional accuracy makes them suitable for a wide range of motion control and industrial positioning applications, especially when slow and precise movement is required. However, their speed is limited by their torque which diminishes when the applied pulse train becomes too fast. To be more adequate to the necessities of higher speed applications their behavior can be improved through better electrical controller and motor designs.","PeriodicalId":246039,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116028519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-18DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915160
H. Razik, M. Correa, E. D. da Silva
This paper focuses on particles swarm optimization as a resource related to the tracking of faulty current lines of induction motor operating under fault. This can approach should be an opportunity to rise up the principal lines dealing with a rotor broken bar even if the motor operates at variable frequency. The approach considered in this paper a linear time varying inertia weight. We will show the ability of this approach to estimate the line frequency and the fault line frequencies. The induction motor operates under one full broken bar. Experiments prove that particle swarm optimization method is an efficient method to solve the optimization problem as to extract information quickly from a spectrum.
{"title":"The use of particle swarm optimisation for the tracking of Induction motor faulty lines","authors":"H. Razik, M. Correa, E. D. da Silva","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915160","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on particles swarm optimization as a resource related to the tracking of faulty current lines of induction motor operating under fault. This can approach should be an opportunity to rise up the principal lines dealing with a rotor broken bar even if the motor operates at variable frequency. The approach considered in this paper a linear time varying inertia weight. We will show the ability of this approach to estimate the line frequency and the fault line frequencies. The induction motor operates under one full broken bar. Experiments prove that particle swarm optimization method is an efficient method to solve the optimization problem as to extract information quickly from a spectrum.","PeriodicalId":246039,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"688 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116169695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-18DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915253
M. Calado, A. Espirito Santo, S. Mariano, C. Cabrita
This paper presents the electromagnetic analysis of a new designed and constructed prototype of a single-sided linear switched reluctance actuator. First, a brief consideration on the adopted analytical design methodology, establishing some desired electrical and mechanical parameters, is stated. After, a characterization of the actuator is made, analyzing the distribution of magnetic fields and connected translation forces, through the determination of energy and co-energy variation, performing a numerical analysis based on Finite Element Method. A saturation factor is then introduced, corresponding to the magnetic circuit saturation level, allowing the knowledge of the actuator thrust development performance, as well as the definition of proper relative positions for coils excitation, and respective current intensities, in specific practical motion applications. The influence of saturation factor in the actuator mechanical force development, for different positions and excitations, is established and connected with thermal, electrical and mechanical constraints. The paper is illustrated with experimental tests carried out by the authors.
{"title":"Characterization of a new linear switched reluctance actuator","authors":"M. Calado, A. Espirito Santo, S. Mariano, C. Cabrita","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915253","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the electromagnetic analysis of a new designed and constructed prototype of a single-sided linear switched reluctance actuator. First, a brief consideration on the adopted analytical design methodology, establishing some desired electrical and mechanical parameters, is stated. After, a characterization of the actuator is made, analyzing the distribution of magnetic fields and connected translation forces, through the determination of energy and co-energy variation, performing a numerical analysis based on Finite Element Method. A saturation factor is then introduced, corresponding to the magnetic circuit saturation level, allowing the knowledge of the actuator thrust development performance, as well as the definition of proper relative positions for coils excitation, and respective current intensities, in specific practical motion applications. The influence of saturation factor in the actuator mechanical force development, for different positions and excitations, is established and connected with thermal, electrical and mechanical constraints. The paper is illustrated with experimental tests carried out by the authors.","PeriodicalId":246039,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116411214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-18DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915231
E. Vázquez-Sánchez, J. Gomez-Gil, M. Rodriguez-Alvarez
There are several techniques to measure the speed of DC motors without sensors, some techniques are based on the ripple component of the current. These techniques estimate the frequency of that component, which is related with the speed of the motor. This document describe three methods for speed measurement based on the previous techniques: spectral analysis through FFT, adaptive filtering with double derivative block and commutation detection with comparator. The accuracy of each method is also evaluated, and a comparative analysis between them is done as well. The results clearly show that the method with better performance is the spectral analysis through FFT, while the two other methods have different limitations for the speed detection.
{"title":"Analysis of three methods for sensorless speed detection in DC motors","authors":"E. Vázquez-Sánchez, J. Gomez-Gil, M. Rodriguez-Alvarez","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915231","url":null,"abstract":"There are several techniques to measure the speed of DC motors without sensors, some techniques are based on the ripple component of the current. These techniques estimate the frequency of that component, which is related with the speed of the motor. This document describe three methods for speed measurement based on the previous techniques: spectral analysis through FFT, adaptive filtering with double derivative block and commutation detection with comparator. The accuracy of each method is also evaluated, and a comparative analysis between them is done as well. The results clearly show that the method with better performance is the spectral analysis through FFT, while the two other methods have different limitations for the speed detection.","PeriodicalId":246039,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116533146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-18DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915143
S. Sharif, K. Sharif
The principle operation of eddy current brakes is based on relative motion of a rigid conductive core in a magnetic field. In spite of simple structure, eddy current brakes employ complicated mathematical relations in operation. In the past, many researchers have investigated the problems of eddy current brakes. But most of them only considered distribution of induced currents and the resultant magnetic field intensity and ignore the skin effect whereas skin effect plays a significant role in torque - speed characteristic of eddy current brakes. In this paper we have studied the operation of cylindrical eddy current brake emphasizing skin effect theoretically and empirically.
{"title":"Influence of skin effect on torque of cylindrical eddy current brake","authors":"S. Sharif, K. Sharif","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915143","url":null,"abstract":"The principle operation of eddy current brakes is based on relative motion of a rigid conductive core in a magnetic field. In spite of simple structure, eddy current brakes employ complicated mathematical relations in operation. In the past, many researchers have investigated the problems of eddy current brakes. But most of them only considered distribution of induced currents and the resultant magnetic field intensity and ignore the skin effect whereas skin effect plays a significant role in torque - speed characteristic of eddy current brakes. In this paper we have studied the operation of cylindrical eddy current brake emphasizing skin effect theoretically and empirically.","PeriodicalId":246039,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116587902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-18DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915153
P. H. Vardhana, B. Kalyan Kumar, Mahesh Kumar
This paper discusses design and performance issues of three design techniques for DSTATCOM controller with an aim to improve the robustness. The state feedback controller of DSTATCOM has been designed using Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), Linear Quadratic Regulator with prescribed degree of stability and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Weak ac source and unbalanced nonlinear load are considered. The performance of the controller designed through the three methodologies has been compared under different operating conditions. Particle Swarm Optimization based controller is more robust and is suitable for a DSTATCOM working under uncertain parametric conditions like feeder impedance and load that are most common in a distribution system. This controller ensures stability under all possible operating conditions and has superior performance over the other two controller design techniques. The performance of the DSTATCOM controller designed through the three different methodologies is verified by detailed simulation studies.
{"title":"A robust controller for DSTATCOM","authors":"P. H. Vardhana, B. Kalyan Kumar, Mahesh Kumar","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2009.4915153","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses design and performance issues of three design techniques for DSTATCOM controller with an aim to improve the robustness. The state feedback controller of DSTATCOM has been designed using Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), Linear Quadratic Regulator with prescribed degree of stability and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Weak ac source and unbalanced nonlinear load are considered. The performance of the controller designed through the three methodologies has been compared under different operating conditions. Particle Swarm Optimization based controller is more robust and is suitable for a DSTATCOM working under uncertain parametric conditions like feeder impedance and load that are most common in a distribution system. This controller ensures stability under all possible operating conditions and has superior performance over the other two controller design techniques. The performance of the DSTATCOM controller designed through the three different methodologies is verified by detailed simulation studies.","PeriodicalId":246039,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122504538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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