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Grey Wolf Optimization to Solve Load Frequency Control of an Interconnected Power System: GWO Used to Solve LFC Problem 灰狼优化解决互联电力系统负荷频率控制:用GWO求解LFC问题
Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2016100104
Dipayan Guha, P. Roy, Subrata Banerjee
In this article, a novel optimization algorithm called grey wolf optimization GWO with the theory of quasi-oppositional based learning Q-OBL is proposed for the first time to solve load frequency control LFC problem. An equal two-area thermal power system equipped with classical PID-controller is considered for this study. The power system network is modeled with governor dead band and time delay nonlinearities to get better insight of LFC system. 1% load perturbation in area-1 is considered to appraise the dynamic behavior of concerned power system. Integral time absolute error and least average error based fitness functions are defined for fine tuning of PID-controller gains employing the proposed method. An extensive comparative analysis is performed to establish the superiority of proposed algorithm over other recently published algorithms. Finally, sensitivity analysis is performed to show the robustness of the designed controller with system uncertainties.
本文首次提出了一种新的优化算法——灰狼优化GWO,该算法基于准对偶学习的Q-OBL理论来解决负荷频率控制的LFC问题。本文研究了一种具有经典pid控制器的等二面积火电系统。利用调速器死区非线性和时滞非线性对电力系统网络进行建模,以更好地了解LFC系统。考虑1区1%的负荷摄动来评价系统的动态特性。定义了基于积分时间绝对误差和最小平均误差的适应度函数,用于pid控制器增益的微调。进行了广泛的比较分析,以确定所提出的算法优于其他最近发表的算法。最后,通过灵敏度分析验证了所设计控制器在系统不确定性下的鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 7
Optimal Allocation of Static Synchronous Series Compensator Controllers using Chemical Reaction Optimization for Reactive Power Dispatch 利用化学反应优化法优化静态同步串联补偿器控制器的无功功率分配
Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2016070103
S. Dutta, P. Roy, Debashis Nandi
Static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) is one of the most effective flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices used for enhancing power system security. In this paper, optimal location and sizing of SSSC are investigated for solving the optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem in order to minimize the active power loss in the transmission networks. A new and efficient chemical reaction optimization (CRO) is proposed to find the feasible optimal solution of the SSSC based optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem. The proposed approach is carried out on the standard IEEE 30 bus and IEEE 57 bus test systems. The optimization results obtained by the proposed CRO are analyzed and compared with the same obtained from genetic algorithm (GA), teaching learning based optimization (TLBO), quasi-oppositional TLBO (QOTLBO) and strength pareto evolutionary algorithm (SPEA). The results demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed approach to generate true and well-distributed optimal solutions.
静止同步串联补偿器(SSSC)是最有效的柔性交流输电系统(FACTS)设备之一,用于提高电力系统的安全性。本文研究了 SSSC 的最佳位置和大小,以解决最佳无功功率调度 (ORPD) 问题,从而最大限度地减少输电网络中的有功功率损耗。为找到基于 SSSC 的最佳无功功率调度(ORPD)问题的可行最优解,提出了一种新的高效化学反应优化(CRO)方法。所提出的方法是在标准 IEEE 30 母线和 IEEE 57 母线测试系统上实施的。对所提出的 CRO 得出的优化结果进行了分析,并与遗传算法 (GA)、基于教学的优化 (TLBO)、准位置 TLBO (QOTLBO) 和强度帕累托进化算法 (SPEA) 得出的结果进行了比较。结果表明,所提出的方法能够生成真实且分布合理的最优解。
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引用次数: 9
Application of Modified Biogeography Based Optimization in AGC of an Interconnected Multi-Unit Multi-Source AC-DC Linked Power System 修正生物地理学优化在互联多单元多源交直流并联系统AGC中的应用
Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2016070101
Dipayan Guha, P. Roy, Subrata Banerjee
An attempt has been made for the effective application of biogeography based optimization and its modified version to solve load frequency control (LFC) problem. Two-area interconnected multi-unit multi-source power system having thermal, hydro and gas power plant without and with AC-DC link is considered for study. Proportional-integral-derivative controller is used as secondary controller in LFC system and its gains are tuned by proposed algorithms through minimization of integral time absolute error based objective function. The results confirm the effectiveness of proposed algorithms after comparing results with other evolutionary algorithms like differential evolution (DE), teaching learning based optimization (TLBO) for the similar test system. The robustness of proposed algorithm is checked with different objective functions like integral square error, integral absolute error, integral time square error criterions and under different loading conditions. Critical analysis of results reveals that proposed method gives better performance than that obtained with DE, TLBO.
尝试将基于生物地理学的优化方法及其改进版本有效地应用于解决负荷频率控制(LFC)问题。研究了具有热电、水电和燃气电厂的两区互联多机组多源电力系统。将比例-积分-导数控制器作为LFC系统的二级控制器,通过基于目标函数的积分时间绝对误差最小化算法对其增益进行调节。通过与差分进化(DE)、基于教学学习的优化(TLBO)等进化算法在相似测试系统上的比较,验证了所提算法的有效性。采用不同目标函数如积分平方误差、积分绝对误差、积分时平方误差判据和不同加载条件对算法的鲁棒性进行了检验。关键分析结果表明,该方法比DE、TLBO方法具有更好的性能。
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引用次数: 5
Implementation of Model to Analyse the Performance of Microturbine as in Microgrid Comparison with Fuel Cell 微电网与燃料电池对比中微涡轮性能分析模型的实现
Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2016070102
Subhajit Roy
As it is known Microgrid is a miniature grid consist of one or more numbers of same or by different conventional or non-conventional generation sources. Here one can consider Microturbine (MT) as the main source of generation and it may or may not be connected with the main grid. The author discussed modeling of different types of Micro turbine during implementation of mathematical modeling of split-shaft type with the help of MATLAB® Simulink®. From developed models can be describe behavior of a MicroGrid (MG) under islanded mode as MT and SOFC as the sources. SOFC can change its electrical output power (30%) high or low, but take more time to response than MT (2-3 times more). It is demonstrated that Microturbines and fuel-cells are capable of providing a load-following service in the distributed generation system. Results prove the effectiveness of the two developed models in the studying and analysis of the transient dynamic response of MG.
众所周知,微电网是由一个或多个相同或不同的常规或非常规发电源组成的微型电网。在这里,人们可以将微型涡轮机(MT)视为主要的发电来源,它可能与主电网相连,也可能不与主电网相连。利用MATLAB®Simulink®对分轴型微型水轮机进行数学建模时,讨论了不同类型微型水轮机的建模问题。从已建立的模型中,可以描述孤岛模式下微电网以MT和SOFC为源的行为。SOFC可以改变其电力输出功率(30%)的高低,但需要比MT更长的响应时间(2-3倍)。结果表明,微型涡轮机和燃料电池能够在分布式发电系统中提供负荷跟踪服务。结果证明了所建立的两种模型在研究和分析MG的瞬态动态响应方面的有效性。
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引用次数: 3
System Reliability-based Optimization Method to Solve Unavailability of Electrical Energy 基于系统可靠性的电力不可用优化方法
Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2016070104
Mohammed Tamali, Bouzidi Boumedienne, Allali Ahmed
Industrial systems require reliable components. The interactions among components affect the system reliability. In this study, the electrical power system Robustness is evaluated among its sensitivity to potential changes in the intrinsic parameters. Reliability represents a state indicator. In this work, highlights are made on the importance of Maintenance in Sustaining the QoS of a System. Service, Usage, and Consumers are the three components that can seriously harm the System Reliability and especially in a southern regions conditions where temperatures can simply, reach high values. First, a model is proposed after which a series of tests follow for validation. System's Maintenance is a major factor that affects its Longevity within an acceptable Robustness. Therefore maintenance can be fatal to system operation. Maintenance means expected services with respect to recommended Usage and responding to Consumption Demand. For a given period t in time, the EN represents the indicator of the Electrical System Reliability.
工业系统需要可靠的组件。组件之间的交互影响系统的可靠性。在本研究中,电力系统鲁棒性是通过其对内在参数潜在变化的敏感性来评估的。可靠性是一个状态指示器。在这项工作中,重点强调了维护在维持系统QoS中的重要性。服务、使用和消费者是可能严重损害系统可靠性的三个组件,特别是在温度可能达到高值的南部地区。首先,提出了一个模型,然后进行了一系列的测试来验证。系统的维护是在可接受的健壮性范围内影响系统寿命的主要因素。因此,维护对系统的运行是致命的。维护是指与推荐使用和响应消费需求相关的预期服务。在给定时间段t内,EN代表电气系统可靠性指标。
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引用次数: 2
Thermodynamic and Energy Study of a Regenerator in Gas Turbine Cycle and Optimization of Performances 燃气轮机循环蓄热器热力学和能量研究及性能优化
Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2016040102
Saria Abed, T. Khir, A. Brahim
In this paper, thermodynamic study of simple and regenerative gas turbine cycles is exhibited. Firstly, thermodynamic models for both cycles are defined; thermal efficiencies of both cycles are determined, the overall heat transfer coefficient through the heat exchanger is calculated in order to determinate its performances and parametric study is carried out to investigate the effects of compressor inlet temperature, turbine inlet temperature and compressor pressure ratio on the parameters that measure cycles' performance. Subsequently, numerical optimization is established through EES software to determinate operating conditions. The results of parametric study have shown a significant impact of operating parameters on the performance of the cycle. According to this study, the regeneration technique improves the thermal efficiency by 10%. The studied regenerator has an important effectiveness (Eœ 82%) which improves the heat transfer exchange; also a high compressor pressure ratio and an important combustion temperature can increase thermal efficiency.
本文介绍了简单和蓄热式燃气轮机循环的热力学研究。首先,定义了两个循环的热力学模型;确定了两个循环的热效率,计算了通过换热器的总换热系数以确定其性能,并进行了参数研究,研究了压气机进口温度、涡轮进口温度和压气机压力比对测量循环性能参数的影响。随后,通过EES软件建立数值优化,确定运行工况。参数化研究结果表明,运行参数对循环性能有显著影响。根据本研究,再生技术使热效率提高了10%。所研究的蓄热器在改善换热方面具有重要的效率(约82%);此外,较高的压缩机压比和重要的燃烧温度可以提高热效率。
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引用次数: 5
Design of an Expert System for Distribution Planning System using Soft Computing Techniques 基于软计算技术的配电规划系统专家系统设计
Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2016040103
Shabbir Uddin, A. Ray, K. Sherpa, S. Chakravorty
An expert system for distribution planning is proposed in this paper. Choosing a best location of a distribution substation and grouping the various load points to be fed from a particular distribution substation has always been a concern to the distribution planners. Here in this paper the authors present a hybridization of K-means clustering method with fuzzy context aware decision algorithm for choosing the optimum location of distribution substation and its feeder layout. K means clustering has been applied to various loads which are at different location to form a cluster with load points in closer proximity so that a substation could be placed for each cluster for the distribution of power. Fuzzy Context Aware Decision Algorithm based on the Analytical Hierarchy process (AHP) is then applied on each cluster to decide on the feeder layout connecting the load points in each cluster. The feeder layout is based on the various reliability factors and thus the result obtained will lead to optimum feeder path and will hence lower long range distribution expenses.
本文提出了一个配电规划专家系统。配电所的最佳位置选择和各负载点的分组从一个特定的配电所馈电一直是配电所规划者关心的问题。本文提出了一种混合k均值聚类方法和模糊上下文感知决策算法,用于配电所最佳位置和馈线布局的选择。K意味着对不同位置的各种负载进行聚类,使负载点更接近,形成一个集群,以便为每个集群放置一个变电站进行电力分配。然后将基于层次分析法(AHP)的模糊上下文感知决策算法应用于每个集群,确定连接每个集群负载点的馈线布局。馈线布局基于各种可靠性因素,因此得到的结果将导致最优馈线路径,从而降低远程分配费用。
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引用次数: 7
Quasi Oppositional Teaching-Learning based Optimization for Optimal Power Flow Incorporating FACTS 结合事实的最优潮流的准对立教-学优化
Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2016040104
S. Dutta, P. Roy, Debashis Nandi
In this paper, quasi-oppositional teaching-learning based optimization QOTLBO is introduced and successfully applied for solving an optimal power flow OPF problem in power system incorporating flexible AC transmission systems FACTS. The main drawback of the original teaching-learning based optimization TLBO is that it gives a local optimal solution rather than the near global optimal one in limited iteration cycles. In this paper, opposition based learning OBL concept is introduced to improve the convergence speed and simulation results of TLBO. The effectiveness of the proposed method implemented with MATLAB and tested on modified IEEE 30-bus system in four different cases. The simulation results show the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed QOTLBO algorithm over other methods like conventional BBO and hybrid biogeography-based optimization HDE-BBO. This method gives better solution quality in finding the optimal parameter settings for FACTS devices to solve OPF problems. The simulation study also shows that using FACTS devices, it is possible to improve the quality of the electric power supply thereby providing an economically attractive solution to power system problems.
本文介绍了基于准对抗教-学的优化QOTLBO算法,并成功地应用于求解包含柔性交流输电系统FACTS的电力系统中最优潮流OPF问题。原始的基于教-学的优化TLBO的主要缺点是在有限的迭代周期内给出局部最优解,而不是近全局最优解。为了提高TLBO的收敛速度和仿真效果,本文引入了基于对抗的学习OBL概念。利用MATLAB对该方法进行了仿真,并在改进的IEEE 30总线系统上进行了四种不同情况下的测试。仿真结果表明,本文提出的QOTLBO算法比传统BBO算法和基于生物地理学的混合优化HDE-BBO算法更有效、更准确。该方法在寻找FACTS器件解决OPF问题的最优参数设置方面具有较好的解质量。仿真研究还表明,使用FACTS器件可以提高供电质量,从而为电力系统问题提供了一种具有经济吸引力的解决方案。
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引用次数: 4
Fault Tolerant Control for a Fractional Order AUV System 分数阶AUV系统的容错控制
Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2016040101
S. Joshi, D. Talange
In the last decade Autonomous Underwater Vehicles are used in large number. The control issue of these vehicles is very challenging due to uncertain underwater environment. Conventional controllers may fail during operations especially when changes in the system occur, since it is impossible to re tune the controller in water. Hence the autonomous underwater system must have controller capability to detect, identify and tolerate fault, abort the ongoing mission and return to water surface. In this paper fault tolerant control algorithm is designed and applied to fractional order model of AUV. While designing fault tolerant controller state observer feedback technique is used. It is observed that the fractional order system is stable for fractional order greater than 1 and less than 2 under normal and under actuator failure conditions. For gain optimization of feedback controller LMI approach is used.
在过去的十年中,自主水下航行器得到了大量的应用。由于水下环境的不确定性,这些航行器的控制问题非常具有挑战性。传统的控制器可能会在操作过程中失效,特别是当系统发生变化时,因为不可能在水中重新调整控制器。因此,自主水下系统必须具有检测、识别和容忍故障、中止正在进行的任务并返回水面的控制器能力。本文设计了一种容错控制算法,并将其应用于分数阶AUV模型。在设计容错控制器时,采用了状态观测器反馈技术。观察到在执行器正常和失效情况下,分数阶系统在分数阶大于1和小于2的情况下是稳定的。对于反馈控制器的增益优化,采用LMI方法。
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引用次数: 5
Profiling of Prosumers for the Needs of Electric Energy Demand Estimation in Microgrids 微电网电力需求估算的产消需求分析
Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2015100103
Karol Fabisz, A. Filipowska, T. Hossa
Nowadays, a lot of attention regarding smart grids' development is devoted to delivery of methods for estimation of the energy demand taking into account the behavior of network participants (being single prosumers or groups of prosumers). These methods take an advantage from an analysis of the ex-post data on energy consumption, usually with no additional data about profiles of prosumers. The goal of this paper is to present and validate a method for an energy demand forecasting based on profiling of prosumers that enables estimation of the energy demand for every user stereotype, every hour, every day of the year and even for every device. The paper presents possible scenarios on how the proposed approach can be used for the benefit of the microgrid.
目前,关于智能电网的发展,很多人都在关注如何提供考虑网络参与者(单个产消者或产消者群体)行为的能源需求估计方法。这些方法利用了对能源消耗事后数据的分析,通常没有关于产消者概况的额外数据。本文的目标是提出并验证一种基于产消者分析的能源需求预测方法,该方法可以估计每个用户类型、每小时、每一天甚至每台设备的能源需求。这篇论文提出了可能的方案,说明如何将所提出的方法用于微电网的利益。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Int. J. Energy Optim. Eng.
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