Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.11648/j.ijg.20240801.15
Hadil Darwish, Nermin Adawy, Magdy Saber, Noha Radwan
Background/Objective: D-dimer, a soluble fibrin degradation product, is used to be a marker of vascular thrombosis. However, it has been reported to be elevated in different pathological conditions other than thrombosis. Moreover, its pattern post-liver transplantation (LT) in children is not known. So, we aimed to report its pattern within the first-month post-LT in children and its level in different early post-LT complications. Methods: It is a retrospective observational cohort study in which 52 children who underwent living-related liver transplantation (LRLT) were included. All the available clinical, imaging, and laboratory data including D-dimer level were collected from the patients' files. Those who developed complications within the first post-LT month were assigned to the complication group (n=41), and others were assigned to the non-complication group (n=11). Results: D-dimer level pre-LT ranged from 0.12-16.41 mg/l, with no significant difference between the complication and non-complication groups. Postoperatively, the D-dimer levels were elevated and did not normalize till the postoperative day (POD) 30. The minimum reported level was 1.2 mg/l on POD0 while the maximum one was 33.12 mg/l on POD12. There were no significant differences between the complication and non-complication groups about the D-dimer level from the pre-LT day till the POD30 (p>0.05). The D-dimer level at the onset of the different complications showed no significant difference among the thrombotic, ACR, and the other complication subgroups (p=0.748). Moreover, the vascular thrombosis subgroup didn’t show a significant difference between the D-dimer level before- and at the onset of thrombosis (p=0.480). Conclusion: D-dimer is non-specifically elevated within the 1st-month post-LRLT in children with no clear trend. Moreover, it doesn’t normalize till the end of the 1st post-LT month. Being high early postoperatively doesn't necessarily indicate vascular thrombosis or other complications but rather the nature of the transplantation circumstances.
{"title":"D-dimer Level Is Non-Specifically Elevated Post-Living-Related Liver Transplantation in Children","authors":"Hadil Darwish, Nermin Adawy, Magdy Saber, Noha Radwan","doi":"10.11648/j.ijg.20240801.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijg.20240801.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Objective: D-dimer, a soluble fibrin degradation product, is used to be a marker of vascular thrombosis. However, it has been reported to be elevated in different pathological conditions other than thrombosis. Moreover, its pattern post-liver transplantation (LT) in children is not known. So, we aimed to report its pattern within the first-month post-LT in children and its level in different early post-LT complications. Methods: It is a retrospective observational cohort study in which 52 children who underwent living-related liver transplantation (LRLT) were included. All the available clinical, imaging, and laboratory data including D-dimer level were collected from the patients' files. Those who developed complications within the first post-LT month were assigned to the complication group (n=41), and others were assigned to the non-complication group (n=11). Results: D-dimer level pre-LT ranged from 0.12-16.41 mg/l, with no significant difference between the complication and non-complication groups. Postoperatively, the D-dimer levels were elevated and did not normalize till the postoperative day (POD) 30. The minimum reported level was 1.2 mg/l on POD0 while the maximum one was 33.12 mg/l on POD12. There were no significant differences between the complication and non-complication groups about the D-dimer level from the pre-LT day till the POD30 (p>0.05). The D-dimer level at the onset of the different complications showed no significant difference among the thrombotic, ACR, and the other complication subgroups (p=0.748). Moreover, the vascular thrombosis subgroup didn’t show a significant difference between the D-dimer level before- and at the onset of thrombosis (p=0.480). Conclusion: D-dimer is non-specifically elevated within the 1<sup>st</sup>-month post-LRLT in children with no clear trend. Moreover, it doesn’t normalize till the end of the 1<sup>st</sup> post-LT month. Being high early postoperatively doesn't necessarily indicate vascular thrombosis or other complications but rather the nature of the transplantation circumstances.\u0000","PeriodicalId":246347,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-11DOI: 10.11648/j.ijg.20240801.13
Emin Bodakçi
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become a frequently used treatment in oncology practice. Although it has approved indications in many types of cancer, phase studies are ongoing in many types of cancer. Side effects due to the increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors have begun to be seen frequently. Cases of colitis, pancreatitis and hepatitis due to immune check point inhibitors have been reported very frequently; However, the number of gastritis cases is limited. Here, we presented a case of severe gastritis due to pembrolizumab in a patient with cholangiocellular carcinoma. When side effects develop due to immune check point inhibitors, infliximab and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) treatments are used in steroid-refractory patients. In our patient, MMF treatment was started due to possible infectious processes due to a recent attack of cholangitis and the inability to remove the stones in the common bile duct. Response to MMF treatment was obtained after 3 months. We would like to state that MMF treatment is an option in cases that develop due to immune check point inhibitors. MMF treatment was used in a case of severe gastritis due to pembrolizumab, as it did not respond to steroid treatments. The patient responded after MMF treatment. We planned to present this rare side effect of pembrolizumab and the treatment strategies we applied in the development of side effects.
{"title":"A Case of Pemrolizumab-Associated Severe Gastritis Treated with Mycophenolate Mofetil","authors":"Emin Bodakçi","doi":"10.11648/j.ijg.20240801.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijg.20240801.13","url":null,"abstract":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become a frequently used treatment in oncology practice. Although it has approved indications in many types of cancer, phase studies are ongoing in many types of cancer. Side effects due to the increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors have begun to be seen frequently. Cases of colitis, pancreatitis and hepatitis due to immune check point inhibitors have been reported very frequently; However, the number of gastritis cases is limited. Here, we presented a case of severe gastritis due to pembrolizumab in a patient with cholangiocellular carcinoma. When side effects develop due to immune check point inhibitors, infliximab and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) treatments are used in steroid-refractory patients. In our patient, MMF treatment was started due to possible infectious processes due to a recent attack of cholangitis and the inability to remove the stones in the common bile duct. Response to MMF treatment was obtained after 3 months. We would like to state that MMF treatment is an option in cases that develop due to immune check point inhibitors. MMF treatment was used in a case of severe gastritis due to pembrolizumab, as it did not respond to steroid treatments. The patient responded after MMF treatment. We planned to present this rare side effect of pembrolizumab and the treatment strategies we applied in the development of side effects.","PeriodicalId":246347,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140712918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-11DOI: 10.11648/j.ijg.20240801.14
Mohammad Uddin, Shahab Uddin, Bishwajit Deb, Tania Hussain, Sohel Rafi, Azizul Islam
Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri has been shown to be useful for a number of gastrointestinal disorders. Its ability to secrete antimicrobial compounds, prevent pathogenic microorganisms from colonizing the host, and alter the composition of the commensal microbiota in the host are all major contributors to its therapeutic advantages. Not only that, but L. reuteri treatment strengthens the host's defenses against infection and pro-inflammatory cytokine production while enhancing the growth and functionality of regulatory T cells. Numerous pediatric illnesses, particularly those pertaining to the intestinal health of infants, have been found to be well managed by L. reuteri, according to systematic reviews and meta-analyses. According to current research on L. reuteri, it may be useful in the management and avoidance of a number of common clinical disorders, including functional constipation, infantile colic, regurgitation, and diarrhea. Probiotic treatment for pediatric illnesses has had favorable benefits on bowel regularity in individuals with chronic constipation and has been found to successfully reduce screaming and/or fussing time in newborns with colic. Additionally, it quickens the emptying of the stomach and lessens distension. Several research have even come to the conclusion that this probiotic strain reduces the frequency of regurgitation. The potential of this probiotic strain for application in the treatment of several gastrointestinal disorders is evident from all of these findings. Therefore, this study aims to encapsulate and condense the advantages of this probiotic strain in clinical settings, with a particular emphasis on how it supports babies' and toddlers' immune systems and gut health.
事实证明，益生菌吕特氏乳杆菌可用于治疗多种胃肠道疾病。它能够分泌抗菌化合物，阻止病原微生物在宿主体内定植，并改变宿主体内共生微生物群的组成，这些都是其治疗优势的主要原因。不仅如此，L. reuteri 还能增强宿主对感染和促炎细胞因子产生的防御能力，同时提高调节性 T 细胞的生长和功能。根据系统综述和荟萃分析，许多儿科疾病，尤其是与婴儿肠道健康有关的疾病，都可以通过使用 L. reuteri 得到很好的控制。根据目前对 L. reuteri 的研究，它可能有助于治疗和避免一些常见的临床疾病，包括功能性便秘、婴儿肠绞痛、反胃和腹泻。益生菌治疗儿科疾病对慢性便秘患者的排便规律有好处，并能成功减少肠绞痛新生儿的尖叫和/或躁动时间。此外，它还能加快胃排空，减轻腹胀。一些研究甚至得出结论，这种益生菌株能减少反胃的频率。从所有这些研究结果来看，这种益生菌株在治疗多种胃肠道疾病方面的应用潜力是显而易见的。因此，本研究旨在总结和浓缩这种益生菌株在临床环境中的优势，特别强调它如何支持婴幼儿的免疫系统和肠道健康。
{"title":"The Role of Lactobacillus Reuteri Probiotic for Preventing Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Toddlerhood","authors":"Mohammad Uddin, Shahab Uddin, Bishwajit Deb, Tania Hussain, Sohel Rafi, Azizul Islam","doi":"10.11648/j.ijg.20240801.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijg.20240801.14","url":null,"abstract":"Probiotic<i> Lactobacillus </i>reuteri has been shown to be useful for a number of gastrointestinal disorders. Its ability to secrete antimicrobial compounds, prevent pathogenic microorganisms from colonizing the host, and alter the composition of the commensal microbiota in the host are all major contributors to its therapeutic advantages. Not only that, but L. reuteri treatment strengthens the host's defenses against infection and pro-inflammatory cytokine production while enhancing the growth and functionality of regulatory T cells. Numerous pediatric illnesses, particularly those pertaining to the intestinal health of infants, have been found to be well managed by L. reuteri, according to systematic reviews and meta-analyses. According to current research on L. reuteri, it may be useful in the management and avoidance of a number of common clinical disorders, including functional constipation, infantile colic, regurgitation, and diarrhea. Probiotic treatment for pediatric illnesses has had favorable benefits on bowel regularity in individuals with chronic constipation and has been found to successfully reduce screaming and/or fussing time in newborns with colic. Additionally, it quickens the emptying of the stomach and lessens distension. Several research have even come to the conclusion that this probiotic strain reduces the frequency of regurgitation. The potential of this probiotic strain for application in the treatment of several gastrointestinal disorders is evident from all of these findings. Therefore, this study aims to encapsulate and condense the advantages of this probiotic strain in clinical settings, with a particular emphasis on how it supports babies' and toddlers' immune systems and gut health.","PeriodicalId":246347,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140713091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-24DOI: 10.11648/j.ijg.20230702.15
Mohammed Istiaque Hossain, Mohammad Delwar Hossain, Susanta Kumar Ghosh, Khadija Rahman, Mohammad Monir Hossain, Afsana Khanom, Riffat Mohiuddin, Tasnim Ahmed
{"title":"Recurrent Diarrhoeal Disease is a Major Cause of Childhood Malnutrition and Necessity of Contravention of the Vicious Cycle of Diarrhoea Related Malnutrition in Bangladesh","authors":"Mohammed Istiaque Hossain, Mohammad Delwar Hossain, Susanta Kumar Ghosh, Khadija Rahman, Mohammad Monir Hossain, Afsana Khanom, Riffat Mohiuddin, Tasnim Ahmed","doi":"10.11648/j.ijg.20230702.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijg.20230702.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":246347,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139241689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-06DOI: 10.11648/j.ijg.20230702.14
Daniel Frederick Cruz Ulep, Adolf Lim-Teodoro, Emmanuel Monsayac
{"title":"Clinical Outcome of Patients with COVID Transaminitis Given Essential Phospholipids in a Tertiary Medical Center: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Daniel Frederick Cruz Ulep, Adolf Lim-Teodoro, Emmanuel Monsayac","doi":"10.11648/j.ijg.20230702.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijg.20230702.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":246347,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133985487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.11648/j.ijg.20230702.13
Emin Bodakçı
{"title":"Endoscopic Management of Colonic Perforation Due to Biliary Stent Migration","authors":"Emin Bodakçı","doi":"10.11648/j.ijg.20230702.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijg.20230702.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":246347,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121953049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Empirical Research on the Anti-Inflammatory, Antibacterial, and Mucosal Protective Effects of Agarwood Based on the Oral and Intestinal Microenvironment","authors":"Yi-Nan Zhang, Zi-Lin Wang, Xiang Guo, Xue-Jing Lin, Hao-Yi Duan, Nan Wang, Shui-Chang Zhang, Wei-Ru Cheng, Fan-Di Xu, Minhaj Ahmad, Zhu-Ling Guo","doi":"10.11648/j.ijg.20230702.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijg.20230702.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":246347,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139351109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-27DOI: 10.11648/j.ijg.20230702.11
Khalid Khalfan Alnair, Shady A. Kamel, Abdulaziz S. Almeshal
{"title":"Outbreak of Gastroenteritis Among Riyadh Female Long-Term Elderly Care Facility Residents-Saudi Arabia, January 2023","authors":"Khalid Khalfan Alnair, Shady A. Kamel, Abdulaziz S. Almeshal","doi":"10.11648/j.ijg.20230702.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijg.20230702.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":246347,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"2011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130856694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.11648/j.ijg.20230701.15
Parhusip Santi, Rengganis Iris, Simadibrata Marcellus, Abdullah Murdani, Shatri Hamzah, E. Yunihastuti, Wibowo Heri
: Background and aim: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disease that is influenced by food, an important factor in accelerating its clinical disease activity because of intestinal inflammation trough formation of antigen-antibody complex. Food-specific IgG examination can identify the types of person foods consumes that are maybe responsible for disease activity. It is useful in treating IBD without risking malnourishment as it is tailored to the individual immune profile
{"title":"Association Between Food Specific IgG Antibodies with Clinical Activity in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Parhusip Santi, Rengganis Iris, Simadibrata Marcellus, Abdullah Murdani, Shatri Hamzah, E. Yunihastuti, Wibowo Heri","doi":"10.11648/j.ijg.20230701.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijg.20230701.15","url":null,"abstract":": Background and aim: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disease that is influenced by food, an important factor in accelerating its clinical disease activity because of intestinal inflammation trough formation of antigen-antibody complex. Food-specific IgG examination can identify the types of person foods consumes that are maybe responsible for disease activity. It is useful in treating IBD without risking malnourishment as it is tailored to the individual immune profile","PeriodicalId":246347,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128455271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-17DOI: 10.11648/j.ijg.20230701.14
Zaibo Zhang
: Background Gastric cancer is a common gastrointestinal tumor with a high incidence and mortality rate, which is a serious threat to life and health; therefore, early diagnosis and interventions are particularly important. Currently, emerging gastric cancer-related targets Exosomes (EXOs) are being explored, (EXOs) are various bioactive substances, such as proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, actively secreted by various cells. It has been shown that exosomes are extensively involved in substance exchange and signal transduction between gastric cancer cells, affecting tumor proliferation and metastasis. Exosomes are biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer, and are one of the hot spots in cancer research. Objective This paper mainly summarizes the research progress of related exosome detection methods and condenses a large amount of research evidence to systematically describe the characteristics of exosomes, related mechanisms and their diagnostic and therapeutic values in gastric cancer, hoping to provide new ideas and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer and new opportunities for better treatment of gastric cancer patients. Method Through extensive reading of relevant literature, we highly summarize relevant research mechanisms and diagnostic and therapeutic values, and explore and summarize the latest hot spots.
{"title":"Mechanism and Therapeutic Value of Exosomes in Gastric Cancer","authors":"Zaibo Zhang","doi":"10.11648/j.ijg.20230701.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijg.20230701.14","url":null,"abstract":": Background Gastric cancer is a common gastrointestinal tumor with a high incidence and mortality rate, which is a serious threat to life and health; therefore, early diagnosis and interventions are particularly important. Currently, emerging gastric cancer-related targets Exosomes (EXOs) are being explored, (EXOs) are various bioactive substances, such as proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, actively secreted by various cells. It has been shown that exosomes are extensively involved in substance exchange and signal transduction between gastric cancer cells, affecting tumor proliferation and metastasis. Exosomes are biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer, and are one of the hot spots in cancer research. Objective This paper mainly summarizes the research progress of related exosome detection methods and condenses a large amount of research evidence to systematically describe the characteristics of exosomes, related mechanisms and their diagnostic and therapeutic values in gastric cancer, hoping to provide new ideas and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer and new opportunities for better treatment of gastric cancer patients. Method Through extensive reading of relevant literature, we highly summarize relevant research mechanisms and diagnostic and therapeutic values, and explore and summarize the latest hot spots.","PeriodicalId":246347,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"2 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123662414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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