Pub Date : 2022-06-27DOI: 10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4782
Pham Minh Hen, Nguyen Manh Hoang, Dao Huu Thinh, Le Hai Long, Nguyen Duc Canh, Vo Huu Cong
This study aims to evaluate the microplastic production and its occurence in water and sediment from Minh Khai commune, Hung Yen province. Research on the scales and methods of plastic recycling was conducted in 10 different manufacturing facilities. We quantified and classified microplastics present in water, sediment, and aquatic animal samples in the canals that receive wastewater from the production facilities. The results show that the plastic recycling village currently has 48 plastic recycling facilities in operation, the average amount of recycled plastic is 2.21 ± 0.095 tons/household/day. There are 8 main disposal points that discharge wastewater . The measured discharging rate is 15.1-16.8 m3/h. The microplastic content in the environment was found to be 0.33 ± 0.05 g/L, in which microplastics had 0.03 g/L. In river water, of all the microplastic we found, 67% were plastic flakes and 33% were other plastics. In the sediment, 0.45% were microplastics and 4.63% were plastic fragments. This is the first study to detect and quantify microplastics in the environment from the plastic recycling village. It is necessary to expand research in wastewater discharging points to complete the process of quantifying and classifying microplastics.
{"title":"Microplastic Production from Plastic Recycling Village in Van Lam, Hung Yen Province","authors":"Pham Minh Hen, Nguyen Manh Hoang, Dao Huu Thinh, Le Hai Long, Nguyen Duc Canh, Vo Huu Cong","doi":"10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4782","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to evaluate the microplastic production and its occurence in water and sediment from Minh Khai commune, Hung Yen province. Research on the scales and methods of plastic recycling was conducted in 10 different manufacturing facilities. We quantified and classified microplastics present in water, sediment, and aquatic animal samples in the canals that receive wastewater from the production facilities. The results show that the plastic recycling village currently has 48 plastic recycling facilities in operation, the average amount of recycled plastic is 2.21 ± 0.095 tons/household/day. There are 8 main disposal points that discharge wastewater . The measured discharging rate is 15.1-16.8 m3/h. The microplastic content in the environment was found to be 0.33 ± 0.05 g/L, in which microplastics had 0.03 g/L. In river water, of all the microplastic we found, 67% were plastic flakes and 33% were other plastics. In the sediment, 0.45% were microplastics and 4.63% were plastic fragments. This is the first study to detect and quantify microplastics in the environment from the plastic recycling village. It is necessary to expand research in wastewater discharging points to complete the process of quantifying and classifying microplastics. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":247618,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130704913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-27DOI: 10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4714
Tran Quang Loc, Tran Thi Tu, Nguyen Dang Hai, Nguyen Tri Quang Hung, Trang Dang Bao Thuyen, Dinh Thanh Kien
This research demonstrates the assessment of the removal efficiency of organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus in wastewater of Phu Bai industrial zone using aerobic granular sludge process in sequential batch reactor (SBR). The experiment was carried out in two SBR namely R1 and R2 with 240 minutes of cycle time and a two-stepwise aeration was applied including 90 minutes at airflow rate Q1=6 L/min and 136 minutes at Q2=2 L/min. However, one-step feeding was used for R1, meanwhile, 2-step feeding (75% of volumetric at the beginning of batch and 25% remaining after aeration time Q1) was applied for R2. The result showed that the size of sludge particle has increased from 1 to 2 mm and high biomass (in Total Suspended Solid (TSS) of g/L was retained in both reactors and sludge shows a good settling ability with a low SVI value of 40-42 mL/g TSS after 50 days of operational experiment. It was indicated that aerobic granular sludge in R1 and R2 still maintained the development and stability during the operation. The removal efficiency of COD and N-NH4+ removal in two reactors were similar and kept high at 92-93 and 96-97%, respectively, while P-PO43- removal efficiency was just in the range of 68-80%. The simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process (SND) was achieved with two-stepwise aeration in both reactors. Additionally, the experimental data showed the efficiency of SND in R2 (85-87%) was higher than that of R1 (64-68%), which demonstrated that the operating mode in R2 was more effective to treat organic matter and nitrogen in SBR operation. Furthermore, the higher efficiency of SND in R2 in comparison with R1 also leads to 10-13% higher in removal efficiency of total nitrogen between R2 (75-78%) and R1 (68-69%). However, both operating modes still did not reach the complete removal of total nitrogen in the reactor.
{"title":"Assessment of the Removal Efficiency of Organic Matter, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Using Aerobic Granular Sludge in Sequential Batch Reactor","authors":"Tran Quang Loc, Tran Thi Tu, Nguyen Dang Hai, Nguyen Tri Quang Hung, Trang Dang Bao Thuyen, Dinh Thanh Kien","doi":"10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4714","url":null,"abstract":"This research demonstrates the assessment of the removal efficiency of organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus in wastewater of Phu Bai industrial zone using aerobic granular sludge process in sequential batch reactor (SBR). The experiment was carried out in two SBR namely R1 and R2 with 240 minutes of cycle time and a two-stepwise aeration was applied including 90 minutes at airflow rate Q1=6 L/min and 136 minutes at Q2=2 L/min. However, one-step feeding was used for R1, meanwhile, 2-step feeding (75% of volumetric at the beginning of batch and 25% remaining after aeration time Q1) was applied for R2. The result showed that the size of sludge particle has increased from 1 to 2 mm and high biomass (in Total Suspended Solid (TSS) of g/L was retained in both reactors and sludge shows a good settling ability with a low SVI value of 40-42 mL/g TSS after 50 days of operational experiment. It was indicated that aerobic granular sludge in R1 and R2 still maintained the development and stability during the operation. The removal efficiency of COD and N-NH4+ removal in two reactors were similar and kept high at 92-93 and 96-97%, respectively, while P-PO43- removal efficiency was just in the range of 68-80%. The simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process (SND) was achieved with two-stepwise aeration in both reactors. Additionally, the experimental data showed the efficiency of SND in R2 (85-87%) was higher than that of R1 (64-68%), which demonstrated that the operating mode in R2 was more effective to treat organic matter and nitrogen in SBR operation. Furthermore, the higher efficiency of SND in R2 in comparison with R1 also leads to 10-13% higher in removal efficiency of total nitrogen between R2 (75-78%) and R1 (68-69%). However, both operating modes still did not reach the complete removal of total nitrogen in the reactor. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":247618,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116811142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-27DOI: 10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4721
Luong Van Viet
This study investigated the correlation coefficient between sea surface temperature (SST) and the standard precipitation Index (SPI) at stations in south of Vietnam. The data included in this survey are the precipitation of 47 stations in South Vietnam and the field of SST from the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis for the period between 1979 and 2019. The results show that with a single region, SST in the Niño 3.4 region has the best relationship with SPI in the study area. Using multiple correlation analysis, this study found a region between 115 oE and 130oE and latitude from 15 oS to 25 oN, combined with the Niño 3.4 region SST they create a pair that has the best relationship with SPI in the study area. Based on an assessment of the critical value of the Pearson correlation coefficient corresponding to the significance level of 99%, this pair had a good relationship with SPI between October and May of the following year. By conducting a partial correlation analysis when removing the role of Niño 3.4 also showed that SST in the Bien Dong also plays an important role in the fluctuation of SPI in South Vietnam.
{"title":"Analysis of the Relationship between the Standard Precipitation Index in South Vietnam and Sea Surface Temperature","authors":"Luong Van Viet","doi":"10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4721","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the correlation coefficient between sea surface temperature (SST) and the standard precipitation Index (SPI) at stations in south of Vietnam. The data included in this survey are the precipitation of 47 stations in South Vietnam and the field of SST from the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis for the period between 1979 and 2019. The results show that with a single region, SST in the Niño 3.4 region has the best relationship with SPI in the study area. Using multiple correlation analysis, this study found a region between 115 oE and 130oE and latitude from 15 oS to 25 oN, combined with the Niño 3.4 region SST they create a pair that has the best relationship with SPI in the study area. Based on an assessment of the critical value of the Pearson correlation coefficient corresponding to the significance level of 99%, this pair had a good relationship with SPI between October and May of the following year. By conducting a partial correlation analysis when removing the role of Niño 3.4 also showed that SST in the Bien Dong also plays an important role in the fluctuation of SPI in South Vietnam. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":247618,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114143596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-27DOI: 10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4677
Truong Ngoc Kiem, Le Hoang Diep
The protection and development of coastal mangrove forests in Kien Thuy, Hai Phong has become an urgent solution to mitigate the negative impacts of natural disasters, respond to climate change, and improve the quality of life of the local residents. This research provides the initial results to assess the efficiency of the planning and conservation effort since 1986 on the coastal mangrove forest in Kien Thuy, Hai Phong. Our results show that the mangroves started growing in the period from 1986 to 1991 and the coverage is now 603 hectares with good forest quality and high density of vegetation. The change process about the area of this mangrove vegetation consists of 5 stages, closely dependent on the rate of exploitation, socio-economic development, and forest restoration of the authorities and local people.
{"title":"Preliminary Assessment of Vegetation Coverage of Coastal Mangrove Forests in Kien Thuy, Hai Phong","authors":"Truong Ngoc Kiem, Le Hoang Diep","doi":"10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4677","url":null,"abstract":"The protection and development of coastal mangrove forests in Kien Thuy, Hai Phong has become an urgent solution to mitigate the negative impacts of natural disasters, respond to climate change, and improve the quality of life of the local residents. This research provides the initial results to assess the efficiency of the planning and conservation effort since 1986 on the coastal mangrove forest in Kien Thuy, Hai Phong. Our results show that the mangroves started growing in the period from 1986 to 1991 and the coverage is now 603 hectares with good forest quality and high density of vegetation. The change process about the area of this mangrove vegetation consists of 5 stages, closely dependent on the rate of exploitation, socio-economic development, and forest restoration of the authorities and local people.","PeriodicalId":247618,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116509205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-27DOI: 10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4768
T. T. Huong, Nguyen Xuan Tong, Le Ta Dang Khoi
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of pesticides including DDT, endosulfan, lindane and atrazine to Medaka Oryzias latipes fish embryos by identify the LC50 value and ratio of mortality after 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours of exposure. The fish O. latipes was obtained from the Biotechnology Center of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, raised, and allowed sexual fertilization to conduct embryo collection. The one-day old fish embryos is harvested and exposed to different concentrations of DDT, endosulfan, lindane and atrazine respectively: 1,300; 1,500; 1,700; 1,900; 2,100 and 2,300 µg.L-1 DDT; 0.01; 0.1; 1 and 10 µg.L-1 endosulfan; 0; 80; 110; 130; 150; 170; 210; 250, and 300 µg.L-1 lindane and 150; 250; 350, and 450 µg.L-1 atrazine. The results showed that endosulfan had the highest toxicity in the four surveying groups, starting at concentration of <1 μg.L-1 (0.6 μg.L-1). The study also noted that four kinds of pesticides caused serious effects on fish embryo growth and survival. Their toxicity gradually decreased from endosulfan to lindane, atrazine and eventually DDT with LC50 values after 96 hours of exposure were 1123.8; 0.6; 116.2 and 165.2 μg.L-1, respectively. The differences between the LC50 values depended on several factors, such as the toxicant concentration, the exposure time... The mortality rates of Medaka embryo O. latipes linearly increased with the toxicant concentrations and the exposure duration. These pesticides inhibited growth leading to the fish embryo death.
{"title":"The Toxicity of Pesticides on the Growth of Fish Medaka Oryzias latipes","authors":"T. T. Huong, Nguyen Xuan Tong, Le Ta Dang Khoi","doi":"10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4768","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of pesticides including DDT, endosulfan, lindane and atrazine to Medaka Oryzias latipes fish embryos by identify the LC50 value and ratio of mortality after 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours of exposure. The fish O. latipes was obtained from the Biotechnology Center of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, raised, and allowed sexual fertilization to conduct embryo collection. The one-day old fish embryos is harvested and exposed to different concentrations of DDT, endosulfan, lindane and atrazine respectively: 1,300; 1,500; 1,700; 1,900; 2,100 and 2,300 µg.L-1 DDT; 0.01; 0.1; 1 and 10 µg.L-1 endosulfan; 0; 80; 110; 130; 150; 170; 210; 250, and 300 µg.L-1 lindane and 150; 250; 350, and 450 µg.L-1 atrazine. The results showed that endosulfan had the highest toxicity in the four surveying groups, starting at concentration of <1 μg.L-1 (0.6 μg.L-1). The study also noted that four kinds of pesticides caused serious effects on fish embryo growth and survival. Their toxicity gradually decreased from endosulfan to lindane, atrazine and eventually DDT with LC50 values after 96 hours of exposure were 1123.8; 0.6; 116.2 and 165.2 μg.L-1, respectively. The differences between the LC50 values depended on several factors, such as the toxicant concentration, the exposure time... The mortality rates of Medaka embryo O. latipes linearly increased with the toxicant concentrations and the exposure duration. These pesticides inhibited growth leading to the fish embryo death. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":247618,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133763641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-24DOI: 10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4659
Le Thi Hoang Oanh, Pham Vu Hoang, Doan Thi Van, N. H. Huan
The study determined flocculation activity of mucilage extracted from dragon fruit peel (Hylocereus undatus) and its ability in reducing synthetic coagulant polyaluminium chloride (PAC) used in coagulation – flocculation process to remove turbidity of different types of water. Investigated waters were turbid waters made from kaolin suspension (KS), suspension of river water with hill soil (FW), and To Lich river water (TL). Turbidity removal was assessed in a sequent coagulation and flocculation model using PAC and mucilage extracted from dragon fruit peel in Jar-tests. Optimal coagulation conditions of PAC with PAC dosage of 20-50 mg/L and pH range of 6-8 regardless of water types and resulted in maximum turbidity removal of about 98%. In order to obtain a comparable turbidity removal, 50%-68% of the required PAC was reduced if mucilage was used. The presence of mucilage enhanced turbidity removal of PAC by 13-22% total efficiency. Mucilage extracted from dragon fruit peel has shown its flocculation ability and its potential as a green material in water treatment.
{"title":"Application of Dragon Fruit Peel’s Mucilage in Coagulation – Flocculation Process to Remove Turbidity from Water","authors":"Le Thi Hoang Oanh, Pham Vu Hoang, Doan Thi Van, N. H. Huan","doi":"10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4659","url":null,"abstract":"The study determined flocculation activity of mucilage extracted from dragon fruit peel (Hylocereus undatus) and its ability in reducing synthetic coagulant polyaluminium chloride (PAC) used in coagulation – flocculation process to remove turbidity of different types of water. Investigated waters were turbid waters made from kaolin suspension (KS), suspension of river water with hill soil (FW), and To Lich river water (TL). Turbidity removal was assessed in a sequent coagulation and flocculation model using PAC and mucilage extracted from dragon fruit peel in Jar-tests. Optimal coagulation conditions of PAC with PAC dosage of 20-50 mg/L and pH range of 6-8 regardless of water types and resulted in maximum turbidity removal of about 98%. In order to obtain a comparable turbidity removal, 50%-68% of the required PAC was reduced if mucilage was used. The presence of mucilage enhanced turbidity removal of PAC by 13-22% total efficiency. Mucilage extracted from dragon fruit peel has shown its flocculation ability and its potential as a green material in water treatment. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":247618,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120996253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-24DOI: 10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4644
Nguyen Tri Quang Hung, Vo Truong Nhu Thuy, Nguyen Minh Ky
The quarrying and mining activities can significantly affect the social and natural environment. The study aims to assess the current situation and propose environmental restoration solutions for quarry clusters – a case study in Binh Hoa quarry, Bien Hoa, Dong Nai. In particular, the research studied the persisting environmental and post-mining land use issues and suggested environmental restoration plans that align with sustainable development of local government. The study used Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the environmental improvement and restoration plans for the post-mining quarry. The results showed the advantages of utilizing the post-mining land resources, which directly contributed to the local economic development. In addition, the findings can be widely applied to the various mines and quarries in Dong Nai province for sustainable development.
{"title":"Study and Proposal of Environmental Improvement and Restoration Plan for Quarry Cluster – A Case Study in Dong Nai Province","authors":"Nguyen Tri Quang Hung, Vo Truong Nhu Thuy, Nguyen Minh Ky","doi":"10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4644","url":null,"abstract":"The quarrying and mining activities can significantly affect the social and natural environment. The study aims to assess the current situation and propose environmental restoration solutions for quarry clusters – a case study in Binh Hoa quarry, Bien Hoa, Dong Nai. In particular, the research studied the persisting environmental and post-mining land use issues and suggested environmental restoration plans that align with sustainable development of local government. The study used Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the environmental improvement and restoration plans for the post-mining quarry. The results showed the advantages of utilizing the post-mining land resources, which directly contributed to the local economic development. In addition, the findings can be widely applied to the various mines and quarries in Dong Nai province for sustainable development. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":247618,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115320264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-14DOI: 10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4864
Tran Thi Phuong, Hoang Anh Le, Nguyen Van Thanh
: Ba Vi is one of the districts with huge agricultural production activities of Hanoi. Besides the main agricultural products supplied to the market. Ba Vi also generates a large number of agricultural by-products and it is being wasted. In recent times, the model of using two main sources of cow manure and rice straw after harvest to produce organic fertilizer has opened a new direction for local economic development, taking advantage of agricultural by-products. and solve many related environmental problems. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency as well as the accessibility to the circular economy of the organic fertilizer production model in Van Hoa commune, Ba Vi, Hanoi. The results show that organic fertilizer meets the standards with the incubation time of biological products in the range of 60 - 75; pH around 7.1; humidity less than 35%; The organic content is about 37.24 g/kg of manure. At peak times, each month this model is capable of handling more than 150 tons of agricultural by-products, creating jobs for 7 - 10 workers. The development of this organic production method has reduced the amount of straw burned in the field by 8.4%, treated 20.5% of livestock waste in the district, and solved the difficult problem of inorganic fertilizers, approach and application of circular economy, increase the level of waste use.
{"title":"Circular Economy Approach in Organic Fertilizer Production from Agricultural by-Products in Ba Vi District, Hanoi","authors":"Tran Thi Phuong, Hoang Anh Le, Nguyen Van Thanh","doi":"10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4864","url":null,"abstract":": Ba Vi is one of the districts with huge agricultural production activities of Hanoi. Besides the main agricultural products supplied to the market. Ba Vi also generates a large number of agricultural by-products and it is being wasted. In recent times, the model of using two main sources of cow manure and rice straw after harvest to produce organic fertilizer has opened a new direction for local economic development, taking advantage of agricultural by-products. and solve many related environmental problems. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency as well as the accessibility to the circular economy of the organic fertilizer production model in Van Hoa commune, Ba Vi, Hanoi. The results show that organic fertilizer meets the standards with the incubation time of biological products in the range of 60 - 75; pH around 7.1; humidity less than 35%; The organic content is about 37.24 g/kg of manure. At peak times, each month this model is capable of handling more than 150 tons of agricultural by-products, creating jobs for 7 - 10 workers. The development of this organic production method has reduced the amount of straw burned in the field by 8.4%, treated 20.5% of livestock waste in the district, and solved the difficult problem of inorganic fertilizers, approach and application of circular economy, increase the level of waste use. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":247618,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129322036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-13DOI: 10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4862
Bui Duy Linh, Hoang Anh Le, Nghiem Xuan Truong, Nguyen Thi Viet Thanh, Nguyen Thi Nang, Nguyen Ngoc Hung
Air pollution is one of the most concerning environmental issues, in which fine inhalable particles (PM2.5, with diameters that are generally 2.5 micrometers and smaller) concentration plays a key part. Bien Hoa city contains and locates close to several large industrial zones that might create sources of PM2.5 polluting the local air quality. This study monitors and evaluates PM2.5 concentration trends in Bien Hoa airport of Dong Nai province. PM samples are analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to recognize the surface pattern and size distributions are analyzed by ImageJ software. Ten samples of PM2.5 were obtained from sampling collected in October 2021. The results show that 24-h PM2.5 mass concentrations were from 15.2 µg/m3 - 50.4 µg/m3 with an average of 28.2 µg/m3; median of 24.1 µg/m3; and standard deviation of 12.2 µg/m3. The values are lower than the Vietnam National Technical Regulation on Ambient Air Quality (QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT) but far higher than the recommended values of the World Health Organization (WHO). SEM and image results indicate the distributions of the particles of 2.0 - 2.5 µm are minor, where the majority are particles with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 1.0 µm. Keywords: Air pollution; Fine particulate matters; PM2.5; Size distribution, Bien Hoa, Dong Nai.
空气污染是最受关注的环境问题之一，其中可吸入细颗粒物(PM2.5，直径一般为2.5微米或更小)浓度起着关键作用。边化市毗邻几个大型工业区，这些工业区可能会产生污染当地空气质量的PM2.5污染源。本研究对同奈省边化机场的PM2.5浓度趋势进行监测和评估。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对粉末冶金样品进行表面形貌分析，并用ImageJ软件对粉末冶金样品的尺寸分布进行分析。从2021年10月采集的样本中获得10个PM2.5样本。结果表明:24 h PM2.5质量浓度范围为15.2 ~ 50.4µg/m3，平均值为28.2µg/m3;中位数为24.1µg/m3;标准偏差为12.2µg/m3。该数值低于《越南国家环境空气质量技术法规》(QCVN 05:13 13/BTNMT)，但远高于世界卫生组织(WHO)的推荐值。SEM和图像结果表明，2.0 ~ 2.5µm颗粒分布较少，空气动力直径≤1.0µm的颗粒居多。关键词:大气污染;细颗粒物;PM2.5;大小分布，边化，东奈。
{"title":"Evaluation of Mass Concentration and Size Distribution of Fine Particles (PM2.5) in Bien Hoa City, Dong Nai Province","authors":"Bui Duy Linh, Hoang Anh Le, Nghiem Xuan Truong, Nguyen Thi Viet Thanh, Nguyen Thi Nang, Nguyen Ngoc Hung","doi":"10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4862","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution is one of the most concerning environmental issues, in which fine inhalable particles (PM2.5, with diameters that are generally 2.5 micrometers and smaller) concentration plays a key part. Bien Hoa city contains and locates close to several large industrial zones that might create sources of PM2.5 polluting the local air quality. This study monitors and evaluates PM2.5 concentration trends in Bien Hoa airport of Dong Nai province. PM samples are analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to recognize the surface pattern and size distributions are analyzed by ImageJ software. Ten samples of PM2.5 were obtained from sampling collected in October 2021. The results show that 24-h PM2.5 mass concentrations were from 15.2 µg/m3 - 50.4 µg/m3 with an average of 28.2 µg/m3; median of 24.1 µg/m3; and standard deviation of 12.2 µg/m3. The values are lower than the Vietnam National Technical Regulation on Ambient Air Quality (QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT) but far higher than the recommended values of the World Health Organization (WHO). SEM and image results indicate the distributions of the particles of 2.0 - 2.5 µm are minor, where the majority are particles with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 1.0 µm. \u0000Keywords: Air pollution; Fine particulate matters; PM2.5; Size distribution, Bien Hoa, Dong Nai.","PeriodicalId":247618,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130708919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To support law enforcement related to illegal wildlife trafficking in Vietnam, DNA analyses have been widely used to identify species based on products seized from the trade. Pangolins are one of the most threatened mammal groups in Vietnam and across the world because they have been trafficked in huge numbers and considered the most traded mammals globally. Although the government and management agencies have implemented several deterrent measures to reduce the illicit trade of pangolins, a high number of violations with large seizures have still been detected in recent years in the country. Species identification of pangolin products is often challenging, as many products don’t have sufficient morphological diagnoses, especially their meat, hair, and scale. In this study, we present a protocol, which can be applied in laboratories in Vietnam, for extracting and amplifying a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 (COI) from pangolin’s scales and hairs. This protocol was successfully employed to generate a fragment the COI gene from 10 confiscated pangolin samples. The results show for the first time that three samples originated from an African pangolin species and highlight the importance of applying molecular approaches to combating wildlife trafficking in Vietnam.
{"title":"Optimizing DNA Analyses of Pangolin Products from the Trade for Species Identification in Vietnam","authors":"Bui Thi Phuong Thanh, Ngo Thi Hanh, Nguyen Quang Truong, Le Duc Minh","doi":"10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4699","url":null,"abstract":"To support law enforcement related to illegal wildlife trafficking in Vietnam, DNA analyses have been widely used to identify species based on products seized from the trade. Pangolins are one of the most threatened mammal groups in Vietnam and across the world because they have been trafficked in huge numbers and considered the most traded mammals globally. Although the government and management agencies have implemented several deterrent measures to reduce the illicit trade of pangolins, a high number of violations with large seizures have still been detected in recent years in the country. Species identification of pangolin products is often challenging, as many products don’t have sufficient morphological diagnoses, especially their meat, hair, and scale. In this study, we present a protocol, which can be applied in laboratories in Vietnam, for extracting and amplifying a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 (COI) from pangolin’s scales and hairs. This protocol was successfully employed to generate a fragment the COI gene from 10 confiscated pangolin samples. The results show for the first time that three samples originated from an African pangolin species and highlight the importance of applying molecular approaches to combating wildlife trafficking in Vietnam. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":247618,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":"48 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125136364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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