Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2023.19.1.11
I. Schlam, P. Tarantino, A. Waks, S. Tolaney
Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer accounts for 15% of all breast cancers and this cancer subtype was historically associated with poor outcomes. The development of HER2-directed therapies has dramatically improved outcomes for patients with early and advanced HER2+ disease. Trastuzumab is a HER2-targeted monoclonal antibody first approved for the treatment of advanced breast cancer in the late 1990s. Since then, it has been shown to improve long-term outcomes for patients with early-stage disease, particularly when given in combination with chemotherapy in the (neo)adjuvant setting. Pertuzumab is another monoclonal antibody that targets a different domain of the HER2 receptor from trastuzumab and prevents HER2–HER3 dimerization. The addition of pertuzumab to trastuzumab and chemotherapy improved long-term outcomes for patients with advanced disease; this drug has also been studied in the (neo)adjuvant setting and proved to improve long-term outcomes for patients with lymph node involvement. Neratinib and trastuzumab emtansine in the adjuvant setting have been shown to improve outcomes for selected high-risk patients. As more effective treatment options have been developed for the treatment of HER2+ breast cancer, we have progressively moved from a one-size-fits-all approach towards a tailored paradigm. In this narrative review, we summarize the diagnosis and prognosis of early-stage HER2+ breast cancer, as well as current treatment approaches.
{"title":"Tailoring the Treatment of Early-stage HER2-positive Breast Cancer: One Size Does Not Fit All","authors":"I. Schlam, P. Tarantino, A. Waks, S. Tolaney","doi":"10.17925/ohr.2023.19.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/ohr.2023.19.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer accounts for 15% of all breast cancers and this cancer subtype was historically associated with poor outcomes. The development of HER2-directed therapies has dramatically improved outcomes for patients with early and advanced HER2+ disease. Trastuzumab is a HER2-targeted monoclonal antibody first approved for the treatment of advanced breast cancer in the late 1990s. Since then, it has been shown to improve long-term outcomes for patients with early-stage disease, particularly when given in combination with chemotherapy in the (neo)adjuvant setting. Pertuzumab is another monoclonal antibody that targets a different domain of the HER2 receptor from trastuzumab and prevents HER2–HER3 dimerization. The addition of pertuzumab to trastuzumab and chemotherapy improved long-term outcomes for patients with advanced disease; this drug has also been studied in the (neo)adjuvant setting and proved to improve long-term outcomes for patients with lymph node involvement. Neratinib and trastuzumab emtansine in the adjuvant setting have been shown to improve outcomes for selected high-risk patients. As more effective treatment options have been developed for the treatment of HER2+ breast cancer, we have progressively moved from a one-size-fits-all approach towards a tailored paradigm. In this narrative review, we summarize the diagnosis and prognosis of early-stage HER2+ breast cancer, as well as current treatment approaches.","PeriodicalId":249239,"journal":{"name":"Oncology & Haematology","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116245121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2022.18.1.9
A. Kalyan, R. Shroff
Cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs) are a heterogenous group of cancers arising from the biliary epithelium. CCAs tend to metastasize with early lymph node involvement lending to poor surgical outcomes and need for systemic therapy. Given the paucity of successful therapies in these cancers, it is important to understand the molecular drivers and to develop therapeutic strategies using targeted therapies either alone or in combination. The molecular landscape offers several new potentially targetable drivers.
{"title":"Cholangiocarcinoma: The Present and Future of Targeted Therapies","authors":"A. Kalyan, R. Shroff","doi":"10.17925/ohr.2022.18.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/ohr.2022.18.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs) are a heterogenous group of cancers arising from the biliary epithelium. CCAs tend to metastasize with early lymph node involvement lending to poor surgical outcomes and need for systemic therapy. Given the paucity of successful therapies in these cancers, it is important to understand the molecular drivers and to develop therapeutic strategies using targeted therapies either alone or in combination. The molecular landscape offers several new potentially targetable drivers.","PeriodicalId":249239,"journal":{"name":"Oncology & Haematology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122706860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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