Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2023.19.1.4
D. Ziegler
Low-grade gliomas are the most common brain tumour to occur in childhood. The identification of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway as the near-uniform driver of these tumours has led to the testing of therapies targeted at this pathway, with promising early results. The pan-RAF inhibitor tovorafenib is one of the most recent targeted agents to be tested for paediatric low-grade gliomas, with early data raising the prospect that we may be at the dawn of a new era in the management of this childhood brain tumour.
{"title":"Pan-RAF Inhibitors for Paediatric Low-grade Gliomas Offer New Opportunities in Targeted Therapy","authors":"D. Ziegler","doi":"10.17925/ohr.2023.19.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/ohr.2023.19.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Low-grade gliomas are the most common brain tumour to occur in childhood. The identification of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway as the near-uniform driver of these tumours has led to the testing of therapies targeted at this pathway, with promising early results. The pan-RAF inhibitor tovorafenib is one of the most recent targeted agents to be tested for paediatric low-grade gliomas, with early data raising the prospect that we may be at the dawn of a new era in the management of this childhood brain tumour.","PeriodicalId":249239,"journal":{"name":"Oncology & Haematology","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125867723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2023.19.1.46
B. Razzo, A. Garfall
Several new drugs and regimens have greatly improved outcomes in multiple myeloma, but the rapid emergence of new targets and immune-based modalities has added significant complexity to the management of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Teclistamab is a T cell-redirecting anti-CD3 × anti-B cell maturation antigen bispecific antibody recently approved as monotherapy against RRMM. The drug is now the fourth B cell maturation antigen-targeting agent commercially used in RRMM and the third different drug class and mechanism of action doing so. Although approved as a single agent in relapsed and refractory disease, preclinical and clinical evidence has supported teclistamab-based regimens for use in earlier lines or in combination strategies. The identification of novel suitable cell-surface targets in multiple myeloma and the promising efficacy seen in early-phase studies represent additional innovations to the treatment paradigms for RRMM.
{"title":"Teclistamab Monotherapy for the Treatment of Adult Patients with Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma","authors":"B. Razzo, A. Garfall","doi":"10.17925/ohr.2023.19.1.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/ohr.2023.19.1.46","url":null,"abstract":"Several new drugs and regimens have greatly improved outcomes in multiple myeloma, but the rapid emergence of new targets and immune-based modalities has added significant complexity to the management of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Teclistamab is a T cell-redirecting anti-CD3 × anti-B cell maturation antigen bispecific antibody recently approved as monotherapy against RRMM. The drug is now the fourth B cell maturation antigen-targeting agent commercially used in RRMM and the third different drug class and mechanism of action doing so. Although approved as a single agent in relapsed and refractory disease, preclinical and clinical evidence has supported teclistamab-based regimens for use in earlier lines or in combination strategies. The identification of novel suitable cell-surface targets in multiple myeloma and the promising efficacy seen in early-phase studies represent additional innovations to the treatment paradigms for RRMM.","PeriodicalId":249239,"journal":{"name":"Oncology & Haematology","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122012213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2022.18.1.88
L. Venderbos, A. Deschamps, J. Dowling, Ernst-Günther Carl, H. Poppel, S. Remmers, M. Roobol
Background: Europa Uomo initiated the Europa Uomo Patient Reported Outcome Study (EUPROMS) to inform future patients with prostate cancer about the impact of prostate cancer treatment on sexual function. Methods: A one-time online survey was conducted among patients with prostate cancer who underwent treatment for the disease. The survey included the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite short form 26 (EPIC-26) and questions on the use of medications or devices to aid/improve erections in men. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the EPIC-26 sexual domain and the use of medications or devices. Results: Men on active surveillance reported the highest median sexual function scores (57.0, interquartile range [IQR]: 26.3–83.3) compared with men who underwent radical prostatectomy (20.8, IQR: 8.3–44.5) or radiotherapy (17.3, IQR: 9.7–40.3). Of the men on active surveillance, 44.7% reported “very poor to none/poor ability” to have an erection compared with 71.7–88.2% of the men undergoing active treatment for prostate cancer. Of the men treated actively, 66.6–88.3% rated their ability to function sexually as “very poor/poor” compared with 43.1% for men on active surveillance; more than half of the men who underwent radical prostatectomy viewed their lack of sexual function as a moderate or big problem for which they had tried medications or devices. Conclusions: The EUPROMS study showed that the impact of prostate cancer treatment on sexual function can be significant and non-negligible. These data can be used in daily clinical practice to guide the preference-sensitive decisionmaking process faced by patients newly diagnosed with prostate cancer.
{"title":"Sexual Function of Men Undergoing Active Prostate Cancer Treatment Versus Active Surveillance: Results of the Europa Uomo Patient Reported Outcome Study","authors":"L. Venderbos, A. Deschamps, J. Dowling, Ernst-Günther Carl, H. Poppel, S. Remmers, M. Roobol","doi":"10.17925/ohr.2022.18.1.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/ohr.2022.18.1.88","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Europa Uomo initiated the Europa Uomo Patient Reported Outcome Study (EUPROMS) to inform future patients with prostate cancer about the impact of prostate cancer treatment on sexual function. Methods: A one-time online survey was conducted among patients with prostate cancer who underwent treatment for the disease. The survey included the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite short form 26 (EPIC-26) and questions on the use of medications or devices to aid/improve erections in men. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the EPIC-26 sexual domain and the use of medications or devices. Results: Men on active surveillance reported the highest median sexual function scores (57.0, interquartile range [IQR]: 26.3–83.3) compared with men who underwent radical prostatectomy (20.8, IQR: 8.3–44.5) or radiotherapy (17.3, IQR: 9.7–40.3). Of the men on active surveillance, 44.7% reported “very poor to none/poor ability” to have an erection compared with 71.7–88.2% of the men undergoing active treatment for prostate cancer. Of the men treated actively, 66.6–88.3% rated their ability to function sexually as “very poor/poor” compared with 43.1% for men on active surveillance; more than half of the men who underwent radical prostatectomy viewed their lack of sexual function as a moderate or big problem for which they had tried medications or devices. Conclusions: The EUPROMS study showed that the impact of prostate cancer treatment on sexual function can be significant and non-negligible. These data can be used in daily clinical practice to guide the preference-sensitive decisionmaking process faced by patients newly diagnosed with prostate cancer.","PeriodicalId":249239,"journal":{"name":"Oncology & Haematology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127908222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2022.18.2.113
K. Lucero, James Yoo, C. Ramamurthy
The treatment landscape of bladder cancer is rapidly changing, with the introduction of novel therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), targeted therapies and antibody–drug conjugates. While most of the initial developments were in the treatment of metastatic disease, several recent advances have been made in the treatment of non-metastatic muscle-invasive disease. ICIs have demonstrated a role in the adjuvant treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer and on-going studies are poised to better elucidate that role. Multiple studies are also investigating a role for ICIs as monotherapy or in combination with other treatments in the neoadjuvant treatment of urothelial cancer. There are also on-going studies exploring novel approaches to bladder preservation in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
{"title":"Frontiers in Non-metastatic, Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer","authors":"K. Lucero, James Yoo, C. Ramamurthy","doi":"10.17925/ohr.2022.18.2.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/ohr.2022.18.2.113","url":null,"abstract":"The treatment landscape of bladder cancer is rapidly changing, with the introduction of novel therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), targeted therapies and antibody–drug conjugates. While most of the initial developments were in the treatment of metastatic disease, several recent advances have been made in the treatment of non-metastatic muscle-invasive disease. ICIs have demonstrated a role in the adjuvant treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer and on-going studies are poised to better elucidate that role. Multiple studies are also investigating a role for ICIs as monotherapy or in combination with other treatments in the neoadjuvant treatment of urothelial cancer. There are also on-going studies exploring novel approaches to bladder preservation in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.","PeriodicalId":249239,"journal":{"name":"Oncology & Haematology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123543483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2022.18.2.107
M. LaPelusa, M. Hayat, M. Gibson
Oesophageal and oesophagogastric junction cancers represent a significant burden to public health. Clinical practice guidelines recommend treatment based on cellular and molecular targets from tissue obtained before initiating therapy, including human epidermal growth factor receptor, microsatellite instability, mismatch repair, programmed death-ligand 1 and neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase gene fusions. The expression of these markers and the detection of circulating tumour cells and DNA in oesophageal and oesophagogastric junction cancers are temporally variable following treatment. Together, these findings may help individualize treatment and stratify patients at high risk of disease progression and recurrence.
{"title":"Targets, Therapies and the Role of Serial Biopsies for Prognostication and Assessing Changes to Tumour Biology in Oesophageal and Oesophagogastric Junction Cancers","authors":"M. LaPelusa, M. Hayat, M. Gibson","doi":"10.17925/ohr.2022.18.2.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/ohr.2022.18.2.107","url":null,"abstract":"Oesophageal and oesophagogastric junction cancers represent a significant burden to public health. Clinical practice guidelines recommend treatment based on cellular and molecular targets from tissue obtained before initiating therapy, including human epidermal growth factor receptor, microsatellite instability, mismatch repair, programmed death-ligand 1 and neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase gene fusions. The expression of these markers and the detection of circulating tumour cells and DNA in oesophageal and oesophagogastric junction cancers are temporally variable following treatment. Together, these findings may help individualize treatment and stratify patients at high risk of disease progression and recurrence.","PeriodicalId":249239,"journal":{"name":"Oncology & Haematology","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132209371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2022.18.2.103
M. Cefalì, Maria Celeste Palmarocchi, S. Dosso
Treatment of BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer (CRC) traditionally represents an unmet need, mainly due to its unfavourable prognostic outlook, limited options for targeted treatment and scarce benefit from epithelial growth-factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors. Recently, the development of BRAF V600E inhibitors has expanded the therapeutic armamentarium, although exclusive targeting of BRAF has proved to be an unsuccessful strategy due to reactivation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway through multiple escape mechanisms. Combination strategies that exploit simultaneous inhibition of BRAF, EGFR and/or mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase have achieved greater success, with the BEACON CRC trial providing the first evidence for an improvement in survival with a chemotherapy-free approach in pre-treated patients with CRC, leading to regulatory approval for the combination of encorafenib and cetuximab. Subsequent research efforts attempt to build on these foundations, exploring targeted maintenance strategies and conceivably moving the combination towards the first line of therapy soon, as well as laying the foundation for the use of liquid biopsy as a guidance tool in a precision oncology approach.
{"title":"Treatment Options in BRAF-mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer","authors":"M. Cefalì, Maria Celeste Palmarocchi, S. Dosso","doi":"10.17925/ohr.2022.18.2.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/ohr.2022.18.2.103","url":null,"abstract":"Treatment of BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer (CRC) traditionally represents an unmet need, mainly due to its unfavourable prognostic outlook, limited options for targeted treatment and scarce benefit from epithelial growth-factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors. Recently, the development of BRAF V600E inhibitors has expanded the therapeutic armamentarium, although exclusive targeting of BRAF has proved to be an unsuccessful strategy due to reactivation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway through multiple escape mechanisms. Combination strategies that exploit simultaneous inhibition of BRAF, EGFR and/or mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase have achieved greater success, with the BEACON CRC trial providing the first evidence for an improvement in survival with a chemotherapy-free approach in pre-treated patients with CRC, leading to regulatory approval for the combination of encorafenib and cetuximab. Subsequent research efforts attempt to build on these foundations, exploring targeted maintenance strategies and conceivably moving the combination towards the first line of therapy soon, as well as laying the foundation for the use of liquid biopsy as a guidance tool in a precision oncology approach.","PeriodicalId":249239,"journal":{"name":"Oncology & Haematology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121883950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2023.19.1.1
Tylan Lucas, J. Chan, N. Chopra
Metastatic hormone receptor-positive (HR+) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer survival outcomes have improved significantly; however, once endocrine resistance develops, response rates to systemic treatments are limited. Within the developing field of antibody–drug conjugates, the TROPiCS-02 study showed a significant improvement in progression-free survival with sacituzumab govitecan compared with physician’s choice of chemotherapy in patients with endocrine-resistant, metastatic, HR+/HER2- breast cancer. Additionally, overall survival similarly improved (14.4 months versus 11.2 months, respectively). We discuss the role of sacituzumab govitecan and its role in practice, looking at the direct impact it has in metastatic HR+/HER2- breast cancer.
{"title":"Sacituzumab Govitecan for the Treatment of HR+/HER2- Breast Cancer in Heavily Pre-treated Patients","authors":"Tylan Lucas, J. Chan, N. Chopra","doi":"10.17925/ohr.2023.19.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/ohr.2023.19.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Metastatic hormone receptor-positive (HR+) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer survival outcomes have improved significantly; however, once endocrine resistance develops, response rates to systemic treatments are limited. Within the developing field of antibody–drug conjugates, the TROPiCS-02 study showed a significant improvement in progression-free survival with sacituzumab govitecan compared with physician’s choice of chemotherapy in patients with endocrine-resistant, metastatic, HR+/HER2- breast cancer. Additionally, overall survival similarly improved (14.4 months versus 11.2 months, respectively). We discuss the role of sacituzumab govitecan and its role in practice, looking at the direct impact it has in metastatic HR+/HER2- breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":249239,"journal":{"name":"Oncology & Haematology","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131211813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2022.18.2.152
J. Young, A. Tan
Oral cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors are routinely used to treat metastatic hormone receptor-positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer in combination with endocrine therapy; however, they have not been widely used for other tumour types. Trilaciclib is an intravenous CDK 4/6 inhibitor that causes reversible cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and transient haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell arrest. Ultimately, this protects the bone marrow and immune system from the cytotoxic impact of chemotherapy. Trilaciclib has been evaluated in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer in combination with chemotherapy as a myeloprotective agent and was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for this use in February 2021. In metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, trilaciclib plus chemotherapy had a survival benefit over chemotherapy alone. This is being further investigated in a phase III trial. This review outlines the mechanism of this novel agent and describes preclinical and clinical data, characterizing its use in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer and advanced triple-negative breast cancer.
{"title":"Trilaciclib: A First-in-class Therapy to Reduce Chemotherapy-induced Myelosuppression","authors":"J. Young, A. Tan","doi":"10.17925/ohr.2022.18.2.152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/ohr.2022.18.2.152","url":null,"abstract":"Oral cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors are routinely used to treat metastatic hormone receptor-positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer in combination with endocrine therapy; however, they have not been widely used for other tumour types. Trilaciclib is an intravenous CDK 4/6 inhibitor that causes reversible cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and transient haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell arrest. Ultimately, this protects the bone marrow and immune system from the cytotoxic impact of chemotherapy. Trilaciclib has been evaluated in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer in combination with chemotherapy as a myeloprotective agent and was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for this use in February 2021. In metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, trilaciclib plus chemotherapy had a survival benefit over chemotherapy alone. This is being further investigated in a phase III trial. This review outlines the mechanism of this novel agent and describes preclinical and clinical data, characterizing its use in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer and advanced triple-negative breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":249239,"journal":{"name":"Oncology & Haematology","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114290701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2022.18.2.139
S. Singhal, Shaji K. Kumar
Multiple myeloma is a haematological cancer that needs continuous long-term management for improved outcomes and survival. Over the last few decades, medical therapies for myeloma have improved considerably, with several new drug classes becoming available. Oral therapies, especially when used in combinations, are more convenient than intravenous therapies, and limit the number of clinic visits. Oral therapies include thalidomide, lenalidomide, pomalidomide, ixazomib, panobinostat, selinexor, venetoclax, melphalan and cyclophosphamide. Cytopenias were the most common adverse events with the immunomodulatory drugs panobinostat, selinexor and venetoclax, while skin rash was seen commonly with ixazomib and lenalidomide. Oral regimens are imperative during a global pandemic and can be managed over telemedicine visits rather than outpatient infusions and injections, reducing the risk of exposure and infection. It is important that patients monitor their side effects and report them to their healthcare providers at the earliest opportunity. We review available oral regimens and their combinations for effective management of myeloma.
{"title":"Oral Therapies for Multiple Myeloma","authors":"S. Singhal, Shaji K. Kumar","doi":"10.17925/ohr.2022.18.2.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/ohr.2022.18.2.139","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple myeloma is a haematological cancer that needs continuous long-term management for improved outcomes and survival. Over the last few decades, medical therapies for myeloma have improved considerably, with several new drug classes becoming available. Oral therapies, especially when used in combinations, are more convenient than intravenous therapies, and limit the number of clinic visits. Oral therapies include thalidomide, lenalidomide, pomalidomide, ixazomib, panobinostat, selinexor, venetoclax, melphalan and cyclophosphamide. Cytopenias were the most common adverse events with the immunomodulatory drugs panobinostat, selinexor and venetoclax, while skin rash was seen commonly with ixazomib and lenalidomide. Oral regimens are imperative during a global pandemic and can be managed over telemedicine visits rather than outpatient infusions and injections, reducing the risk of exposure and infection. It is important that patients monitor their side effects and report them to their healthcare providers at the earliest opportunity. We review available oral regimens and their combinations for effective management of myeloma.","PeriodicalId":249239,"journal":{"name":"Oncology & Haematology","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134553848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2022.18.1.73
J. Stein, S. D’Angelo
Sarcomas are rare tumours with variable treatment responsiveness. Immunotherapy represents a promising approach but has yet to be fully realized. Clinical trials have shown modest response rates to checkpoint blockade (overall response rate: 5–18%) but with wide variability across histologic subtypes (up to 70% in small series). Biomarkers may help further predict response, but traditional markers are rarely expressed and less useful within sarcoma. An overarching immune classification combining several biomarkers offers better predictive validity. Exciting novel approaches include leveraging cancer testis antigens for adoptive T-cell therapies, identifying synergistic combination regimens and targeting epigenetic mechanisms to improve immune responsiveness.
{"title":"Maximizing Immunotherapy in Sarcoma Using Histology, Biomarkers and Novel Approaches","authors":"J. Stein, S. D’Angelo","doi":"10.17925/ohr.2022.18.1.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/ohr.2022.18.1.73","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcomas are rare tumours with variable treatment responsiveness. Immunotherapy represents a promising approach but has yet to be fully realized. Clinical trials have shown modest response rates to checkpoint blockade (overall response rate: 5–18%) but with wide variability across histologic subtypes (up to 70% in small series). Biomarkers may help further predict response, but traditional markers are rarely expressed and less useful within sarcoma. An overarching immune classification combining several biomarkers offers better predictive validity. Exciting novel approaches include leveraging cancer testis antigens for adoptive T-cell therapies, identifying synergistic combination regimens and targeting epigenetic mechanisms to improve immune responsiveness.","PeriodicalId":249239,"journal":{"name":"Oncology & Haematology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115682746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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