Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161138
A. Iftar
Decentralized optimal output feedback controller design is considered within the framework of extension and overlapping decompositions. It is shown that an overlapping decentralized output feedback control law which stabilizes the system and satisfies the necessary conditions of optimality for the original system can be obtained by simply contracting a decentralized nonoverlapping output feedback control law which achieves stability and satisfies the necessary conditions of optimality for the expanded system. The details of overlapping controller design for a particular pattern of overlapping are presented.<>
{"title":"Decentralized optimal control with overlapping decompositions","authors":"A. Iftar","doi":"10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161138","url":null,"abstract":"Decentralized optimal output feedback controller design is considered within the framework of extension and overlapping decompositions. It is shown that an overlapping decentralized output feedback control law which stabilizes the system and satisfies the necessary conditions of optimality for the original system can be obtained by simply contracting a decentralized nonoverlapping output feedback control law which achieves stability and satisfies the necessary conditions of optimality for the expanded system. The details of overlapping controller design for a particular pattern of overlapping are presented.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":250037,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1991 International Conference on Systems Engineering","volume":"101-102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121578829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161081
R. Chen, K. Loparo
Closed-loop control of linear stochastic control systems with unknown parameters is studied using a dual-control approach. At each state, the cost functional associated with the system objective is decomposed into a certainty equivalence cost and a dual cost. The dual cost is appropriately expressed in terms of filter variables in algebraic form, and it appears to be a sum of dual costs of each future state. It is shown that the dual cost at the next immediate stage dominates the future uncertainties, and the resulting optimal control problem is solved in closed form using this property.<>
{"title":"Dual control of linear stochastic systems with unknown parameters","authors":"R. Chen, K. Loparo","doi":"10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161081","url":null,"abstract":"Closed-loop control of linear stochastic control systems with unknown parameters is studied using a dual-control approach. At each state, the cost functional associated with the system objective is decomposed into a certainty equivalence cost and a dual cost. The dual cost is appropriately expressed in terms of filter variables in algebraic form, and it appears to be a sum of dual costs of each future state. It is shown that the dual cost at the next immediate stage dominates the future uncertainties, and the resulting optimal control problem is solved in closed form using this property.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":250037,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1991 International Conference on Systems Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123085011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161100
J. Farison, Young-In Shin, J.W.V. Miller
Linearly additive spatially invariant image sequences are defined, and an explicit mathematical model for describing them is presented. In such a sequence, all objects are positionally invariant in each image of the sequence but have varying gray-scale contributions to the successive images of the sequence. Three important types of spatially invariant image sequences are functional, parametric, and multispectral. The various components (features or processes) of the scene or object contribute additively to each image of the sequence, but each component has a characteristic variation (signature) from image to image due to the variation of the function, parameter, or spectral band over the sequence. Also presented are the general formulation, derivation, and explicit expression for the linear filter, called the simultaneous-diagonalization filter, that calculates a single new image from the sequence such that a desired process is emphasized and any number of undesired processes is suppressed in the filtered image.<>
{"title":"Explicit mathematical results for the representation and filtering of spatially-invariant image sequences","authors":"J. Farison, Young-In Shin, J.W.V. Miller","doi":"10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161100","url":null,"abstract":"Linearly additive spatially invariant image sequences are defined, and an explicit mathematical model for describing them is presented. In such a sequence, all objects are positionally invariant in each image of the sequence but have varying gray-scale contributions to the successive images of the sequence. Three important types of spatially invariant image sequences are functional, parametric, and multispectral. The various components (features or processes) of the scene or object contribute additively to each image of the sequence, but each component has a characteristic variation (signature) from image to image due to the variation of the function, parameter, or spectral band over the sequence. Also presented are the general formulation, derivation, and explicit expression for the linear filter, called the simultaneous-diagonalization filter, that calculates a single new image from the sequence such that a desired process is emphasized and any number of undesired processes is suppressed in the filtered image.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":250037,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1991 International Conference on Systems Engineering","volume":"314 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132162412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161111
Feng Shan
An artificial-intelligence (AI)-aided simulation system (AASS) embedded in a model-based decision support system IEDSS is reported. In technical content, the IEDSS stems from AASS, and is extended with AI components to create an expert-system-supported simulation environment and thus to raise the system capability to its full potential. A mathematical description of the decision making is presented. The integration of simulation model systems, decision analysis and expert systems for decision support in the system implementation is reviewed. The intent of the author is to provide insight as to how system capability and acceptability can be enhanced by this integration.<>
{"title":"An AI-aided simulation system AASS","authors":"Feng Shan","doi":"10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161111","url":null,"abstract":"An artificial-intelligence (AI)-aided simulation system (AASS) embedded in a model-based decision support system IEDSS is reported. In technical content, the IEDSS stems from AASS, and is extended with AI components to create an expert-system-supported simulation environment and thus to raise the system capability to its full potential. A mathematical description of the decision making is presented. The integration of simulation model systems, decision analysis and expert systems for decision support in the system implementation is reviewed. The intent of the author is to provide insight as to how system capability and acceptability can be enhanced by this integration.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":250037,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1991 International Conference on Systems Engineering","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124825957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161113
R. Nordgren, P. Meckl
A two-mode coupled compound pendulum is used to compare a computed-torque-type model reference adaptive controller and a feedforward neural network controller. A derived globally asymptotically stable adaptation law for the neural net controller shows that the back error propagation scheme used is, in some cases, also asymptotically stable. Computer simulations of the two controllers demonstrate their relative performance. This comparison shows that the derived adaptation law compares favorably with the performance of the model reference adaptive controller. It also lends insight into the required input signal frequency content in order to guarantee proper convergence of the neural network. The convergence and stability properties of the neural network when it is used as a feedforward computed-torque controller are analyzed.<>
{"title":"A comparison of a neural network and a model reference adaptive controller","authors":"R. Nordgren, P. Meckl","doi":"10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161113","url":null,"abstract":"A two-mode coupled compound pendulum is used to compare a computed-torque-type model reference adaptive controller and a feedforward neural network controller. A derived globally asymptotically stable adaptation law for the neural net controller shows that the back error propagation scheme used is, in some cases, also asymptotically stable. Computer simulations of the two controllers demonstrate their relative performance. This comparison shows that the derived adaptation law compares favorably with the performance of the model reference adaptive controller. It also lends insight into the required input signal frequency content in order to guarantee proper convergence of the neural network. The convergence and stability properties of the neural network when it is used as a feedforward computed-torque controller are analyzed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":250037,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1991 International Conference on Systems Engineering","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121815895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161159
Mike V. Chan, James A. Heinen, R. Niederjohn
A formula for the impulse response of a general piecewise-linear-digital filter is developed. A special case of this filter (the trapezoidal filter) produces linear phase FIR filters with good frequency response characteristics when windowed with Hanning (or even rectangular) windows. Bandpass filters designed using this technique result in filter banks with very flat composite frequency responses. In addition, it is found the FIR filters with arbitrary shapes may readily be designed by combining subfilters with trapezoidal shapes. The filter banks and arbitrary shape filters designed by this method have application in techniques used to enhance the intelligibility of noise-corrupted speech signals. The methods presented have considerable potential for the design of both individual filters and filter banks.<>
{"title":"A comparison of FIR filter bank design methods with applications to intelligibility enhancement of noise-corrupted speech signals","authors":"Mike V. Chan, James A. Heinen, R. Niederjohn","doi":"10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161159","url":null,"abstract":"A formula for the impulse response of a general piecewise-linear-digital filter is developed. A special case of this filter (the trapezoidal filter) produces linear phase FIR filters with good frequency response characteristics when windowed with Hanning (or even rectangular) windows. Bandpass filters designed using this technique result in filter banks with very flat composite frequency responses. In addition, it is found the FIR filters with arbitrary shapes may readily be designed by combining subfilters with trapezoidal shapes. The filter banks and arbitrary shape filters designed by this method have application in techniques used to enhance the intelligibility of noise-corrupted speech signals. The methods presented have considerable potential for the design of both individual filters and filter banks.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":250037,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1991 International Conference on Systems Engineering","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126826604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161175
D. Zhu, R. Conners, P. Araman
The problem of three-dimensional image filtering in a computer vision system that would locate and identify internal structural failure is discussed. In particular, a two-dimensional adaptive filter has been extended to three-dimensions. In conjunction with segmentation and labeling, the filter has been used in the computer vision system to successfully detect potential internal defects in hardwood logs. The issue of efficient computerized tomography (CT) image filtering for suppressing unwanted detail, such as the annual rings, in the CT images of hardwood logs is addressed. By incorporating the three-dimensional correlation information among image pixels, an improved three-dimensional adaptive algorithm for image filtering is presented. Analysis and experiments demonstrate its filtering performance.<>
{"title":"3-D signal processing in a computer vision system (hardwood logs inspection)","authors":"D. Zhu, R. Conners, P. Araman","doi":"10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161175","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of three-dimensional image filtering in a computer vision system that would locate and identify internal structural failure is discussed. In particular, a two-dimensional adaptive filter has been extended to three-dimensions. In conjunction with segmentation and labeling, the filter has been used in the computer vision system to successfully detect potential internal defects in hardwood logs. The issue of efficient computerized tomography (CT) image filtering for suppressing unwanted detail, such as the annual rings, in the CT images of hardwood logs is addressed. By incorporating the three-dimensional correlation information among image pixels, an improved three-dimensional adaptive algorithm for image filtering is presented. Analysis and experiments demonstrate its filtering performance.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":250037,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1991 International Conference on Systems Engineering","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116207850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161121
S. Seyed
A model of fuzzy-firing neuron, called fuzzioid is proposed. It is a generalization (the fuzzification) of the binary (on or off) model of a neuron. The model is based on a concept that the firing action in a neuron is fuzzy-there is an intensity (or a degree) of firing. A fuzzy connectionist system as a network of fuzzily interconnected neurons, where each connecting link (axon/dendrite synapse) is modeled by an elastic device called a fuzzistor, is also developed. The system's knowledge of its external world is stored as fuzzistances (connection strengths) among the neurons.<>
{"title":"The brain as a fuzzy engineering problem","authors":"S. Seyed","doi":"10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161121","url":null,"abstract":"A model of fuzzy-firing neuron, called fuzzioid is proposed. It is a generalization (the fuzzification) of the binary (on or off) model of a neuron. The model is based on a concept that the firing action in a neuron is fuzzy-there is an intensity (or a degree) of firing. A fuzzy connectionist system as a network of fuzzily interconnected neurons, where each connecting link (axon/dendrite synapse) is modeled by an elastic device called a fuzzistor, is also developed. The system's knowledge of its external world is stored as fuzzistances (connection strengths) among the neurons.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":250037,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1991 International Conference on Systems Engineering","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116782780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161102
E. Mahmoud, Y. Elcherif, S. Mashali, E. Talkhan
A distributed arithmetic implementation for two-dimensional FIR digital filters for real-time image processing is presented. Parallelism and pipelining are two features of the proposed filter structure that contribute to its high-speed performance. Speed performance and hardware complexity are evaluated, and the effects of finite-precision arithmetic are considered.<>
{"title":"A new distributed arithmetic implementation of 2D digital filters","authors":"E. Mahmoud, Y. Elcherif, S. Mashali, E. Talkhan","doi":"10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161102","url":null,"abstract":"A distributed arithmetic implementation for two-dimensional FIR digital filters for real-time image processing is presented. Parallelism and pipelining are two features of the proposed filter structure that contribute to its high-speed performance. Speed performance and hardware complexity are evaluated, and the effects of finite-precision arithmetic are considered.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":250037,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1991 International Conference on Systems Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128889648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161116
R. Kaul, K. Adkins, S. Bibyk
The hardware and algorithms used to vector quantize predicted pixel intensity differences for real-time video compression are described. The hardware is designed for rapid vector quantization (VQ) performance, which entails the development of application-specific associative memory circuits. A modified DPCM algorithm is originally examined to determine how neural circuitry could enhance its operation. It was determined that quantization and encoding could be improved by consolidating these two functions into one, and by increasing the amount of information (i.e. number of pixels) quantized at a time. The result is a predictive scheme that vector quantizes differential values. Some of the disadvantages of VQ algorithms are solved using associative memories. The video compression algorithm and the associative memory design are described.<>
{"title":"An all digital implementation of a modified Hamming net for video compression with prediction and quantization circuits","authors":"R. Kaul, K. Adkins, S. Bibyk","doi":"10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSYSE.1991.161116","url":null,"abstract":"The hardware and algorithms used to vector quantize predicted pixel intensity differences for real-time video compression are described. The hardware is designed for rapid vector quantization (VQ) performance, which entails the development of application-specific associative memory circuits. A modified DPCM algorithm is originally examined to determine how neural circuitry could enhance its operation. It was determined that quantization and encoding could be improved by consolidating these two functions into one, and by increasing the amount of information (i.e. number of pixels) quantized at a time. The result is a predictive scheme that vector quantizes differential values. Some of the disadvantages of VQ algorithms are solved using associative memories. The video compression algorithm and the associative memory design are described.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":250037,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1991 International Conference on Systems Engineering","volume":"372 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122437908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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