Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.3176/biol.ecol.2001.1.01
L. Reintam
Areas of former open-cast oil-shale mines afforested about 30 years ago were studied at Sirgala, NE Estonia. Synchronously with the development of high productivity pine stands, a rapid progress of Calcaric Regosol has taken place on pure skeletal (450 -650 g kg -1 of skeleton) quarry detritus. Organic carbon of the R 2O3-humic-fulvic forest humus of litter and root origin amounts to 28 ± 6 g kg -1 in the epipedon formed and to 13 ± 3 g kg -1 in the transitional AC-horizon. The proportion of humus compounds bound with clay and immobile sesquioxides is also significant. Forest humus is active and the soluble fractions make up 60-80% of total organic carbon. Interactions between the formed humus and the mineral stratum of detritus have resulted in the weathering of stone, gravel, and sand fractions and in the accumulation of clay in the epipe don and of silt in the transitional horizon. Subsequent physical and further chemical weathering, progressing in depth, are characteristic of any fraction. The territorial (site) variability of changes in texture is lower than in the composition of organic pedogenetic agents. Ca 2+ forms more than 80% of base exchangeable capacity, the proportion of Mg 2+ being highly variable. Humus colloids are prevalent
研究人员在爱沙尼亚东北部的Sirgala研究了大约30年前造林的露天油页岩矿区。与高产松林的发展同步，在纯骨骼(骨骼450 -650克公斤-1)采石场碎屑上迅速发展了钙质雷戈索尔。凋落物和根源R - 2o3 -腐殖质森林腐殖物有机碳在表层形成中为28±6 g kg -1，在过渡交流层中为13±3 g kg -1。腐殖质化合物与粘土和固定半氧化物结合的比例也很大。森林腐殖质是活跃的，可溶性组分占总有机碳的60-80%。形成的腐殖质与碎屑矿物层之间的相互作用导致了岩石、砾石和砂粒的风化，以及管道层中的粘土和过渡层中的粉砂的堆积。随后的物理和进一步的化学风化，随着深度的发展，是任何馏分的特征。质地变化的地域(地点)变异性低于有机成土剂组成的变异性。ca2 +占碱交换容量的80%以上，Mg +的比例变化很大。腐殖质胶体普遍存在
{"title":"CHANGES IN THE TEXTURE AND EXCHANGE PROPERTIES OF SKELETAL QUARRY DETRITUS UNDER FOREST DURING THIRTY YEARS","authors":"L. Reintam","doi":"10.3176/biol.ecol.2001.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/biol.ecol.2001.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"Areas of former open-cast oil-shale mines afforested about 30 years ago were studied at Sirgala, NE Estonia. Synchronously with the development of high productivity pine stands, a rapid progress of Calcaric Regosol has taken place on pure skeletal (450 -650 g kg -1 of skeleton) quarry detritus. Organic carbon of the R 2O3-humic-fulvic forest humus of litter and root origin amounts to 28 ± 6 g kg -1 in the epipedon formed and to 13 ± 3 g kg -1 in the transitional AC-horizon. The proportion of humus compounds bound with clay and immobile sesquioxides is also significant. Forest humus is active and the soluble fractions make up 60-80% of total organic carbon. Interactions between the formed humus and the mineral stratum of detritus have resulted in the weathering of stone, gravel, and sand fractions and in the accumulation of clay in the epipe don and of silt in the transitional horizon. Subsequent physical and further chemical weathering, progressing in depth, are characteristic of any fraction. The territorial (site) variability of changes in texture is lower than in the composition of organic pedogenetic agents. Ca 2+ forms more than 80% of base exchangeable capacity, the proportion of Mg 2+ being highly variable. Humus colloids are prevalent","PeriodicalId":250336,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Biology. Ecology","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122869248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.3176/biol.ecol.2003.1.02
T. Saat, A. Veersalu
{"title":"Chronology of embryonic development in Baltic herring Clupea harengus membras","authors":"T. Saat, A. Veersalu","doi":"10.3176/biol.ecol.2003.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/biol.ecol.2003.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250336,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Biology. Ecology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125919700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.3176/biol.ecol.2000.2.01
K. Kruusement, J. Punning
{"title":"DISTRIBUTION OF PHOSPHORUS IN THE SEDIMENT CORE OF HYPERTROPHIC LAKE RUUSMAE AND SOME PALAEOECOLOGICAL CONCLUSIONS","authors":"K. Kruusement, J. Punning","doi":"10.3176/biol.ecol.2000.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/biol.ecol.2000.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250336,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Biology. Ecology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125975621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.3176/biol.ecol.2000.3.01
Ü. Suursaar, M. Otsmann, T. Kullas
{"title":"EXCHANGE PROCESSES IN THE VÄIKE STRAIT (BALTIC SEA): PRESENT, PAST, FUTURE","authors":"Ü. Suursaar, M. Otsmann, T. Kullas","doi":"10.3176/biol.ecol.2000.3.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/biol.ecol.2000.3.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250336,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Biology. Ecology","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122515932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.3176/biol.ecol.2006.2.06
Jaan Pikka
The aim of the experiments was to elucidate the influence of the treatment of alvar and peaty soils with different doses of wastewater sludge on the development of seedlings of silver birch (Betula pendula) under experimental conditions. Sludge from Tallinn Wastewater Treatment Plant used had passed methane fermentation and centrifugal drying. The content of dry matter in the sludge was 50.7%. The concentration of nutrients in the sludge was high: N 2.06%, P 2.76%, and K 0.28%. The experiments were conducted on the territory of Tallinn Botanical Garden. For experiments 10 L plastic pots containing soil and peat mixtures with different concentrations of wastewater sludge (8.9; 26.6, and 44.3 kg/m 2 d.m.) and control variants were used. As a rule, treatment with sludge causes stress in seedlings during the period after planting inhibiting their growth and development. As compared to peat substrates, mineral soils are notably more sensitive towards treatment with wastewater sludge, and stress in plants in the first year is caused by considerably smaller doses of sludge. In spring 2005 the variant with 5 kg wastewater sludge added to soil per pot died completely; also the variants with 3 kg sludge added to soil and 5 kg sludge added to peat should be regarded as dead. In the second year a positive effect of wastewater sludge was observed in the peat variants. By the end of the second year of growth the morphological parameters of different variants changed significantly. The dry mass was the greatest in the variants with 1 kg and 3 kg wastewater sludge added to peat, exceeding the control variant 4.1 and 3.7 times, respectively. In all the variants the proportion of roots in the total dry mass increased.
本试验的目的是阐明不同剂量的污水污泥处理桤木土和泥炭土对实验条件下白桦幼苗发育的影响。塔林污水处理厂的污泥经甲烷发酵和离心干燥处理。污泥中干物质含量为50.7%。污泥中养分浓度较高:N 2.06%， P 2.76%， K 0.28%。实验是在塔林植物园进行的。实验用10升塑料盆装不同浓度的废水污泥(8.9;26.6和44.3 kg/m (2dm)和对照变异。通常，用污泥处理会在种植后的一段时间内对幼苗造成胁迫，抑制它们的生长发育。与泥炭基质相比，矿质土壤对废水污泥的处理明显更敏感，并且在第一年对植物的胁迫是由相当小剂量的污泥引起的。2005年春季，每盆土壤中加入5公斤废水污泥的品种完全死亡;此外，向土壤中添加3公斤污泥和向泥炭中添加5公斤污泥的变体应被视为死亡。第二年，在泥炭变体中观察到废水污泥的积极影响。在生长第二年结束时，不同变异的形态参数发生了显著变化。在泥炭中添加1 kg和3 kg污泥的变异中，干质量最大，分别是对照变异的4.1和3.7倍。在所有变异体中，根占总干质量的比例都增加了。
{"title":"Effect of fertilization with wastewater sludge on the development of Betula pendula seedlings under experimental conditions","authors":"Jaan Pikka","doi":"10.3176/biol.ecol.2006.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/biol.ecol.2006.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the experiments was to elucidate the influence of the treatment of alvar and peaty soils with different doses of wastewater sludge on the development of seedlings of silver birch (Betula pendula) under experimental conditions. Sludge from Tallinn Wastewater Treatment Plant used had passed methane fermentation and centrifugal drying. The content of dry matter in the sludge was 50.7%. The concentration of nutrients in the sludge was high: N 2.06%, P 2.76%, and K 0.28%. The experiments were conducted on the territory of Tallinn Botanical Garden. For experiments 10 L plastic pots containing soil and peat mixtures with different concentrations of wastewater sludge (8.9; 26.6, and 44.3 kg/m 2 d.m.) and control variants were used. As a rule, treatment with sludge causes stress in seedlings during the period after planting inhibiting their growth and development. As compared to peat substrates, mineral soils are notably more sensitive towards treatment with wastewater sludge, and stress in plants in the first year is caused by considerably smaller doses of sludge. In spring 2005 the variant with 5 kg wastewater sludge added to soil per pot died completely; also the variants with 3 kg sludge added to soil and 5 kg sludge added to peat should be regarded as dead. In the second year a positive effect of wastewater sludge was observed in the peat variants. By the end of the second year of growth the morphological parameters of different variants changed significantly. The dry mass was the greatest in the variants with 1 kg and 3 kg wastewater sludge added to peat, exceeding the control variant 4.1 and 3.7 times, respectively. In all the variants the proportion of roots in the total dry mass increased.","PeriodicalId":250336,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Biology. Ecology","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122978676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.3176/biol.ecol.2002.3.03
S. Jevrejeva
{"title":"History of ice research in the Baltic Sea along the Estonian coast","authors":"S. Jevrejeva","doi":"10.3176/biol.ecol.2002.3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/biol.ecol.2002.3.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250336,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Biology. Ecology","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127821156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.3176/biol.ecol.2004.3.04
O. Roots, V. Žitko
{"title":"Health concerns in the Baltic States, Nordic countries, and Russia","authors":"O. Roots, V. Žitko","doi":"10.3176/biol.ecol.2004.3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/biol.ecol.2004.3.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250336,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Biology. Ecology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123899432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.3176/biol.ecol.2006.2.03
M. Mandre, R. Korsjukov
Sandy soil in a tree nursery was treated with wood ash (0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 kg m -2 , untreated for control). The influence of different treatments on the carbohydrate concentration and dynamics in needles was estimated. The increase in the pH of soil due to wood ash application correlated with the reduction in the needle hexoses (glucose and fructose). The ratio of fructose to glucose in treated trees often exceeded 2-3 times the respective hexose ratio in untreated trees. The sucrose concentration was not significantly influenced by the soil pH and wood ash. The starch concentration tended to be smaller in treated trees. The results suggest that carbohydrate reserves in needles could be reduced by wood ash during the growing period. The accumulation of soluble carbohydrates by winter did not depend on the treatment.
苗圃的沙质土壤用木灰处理(0.25、0.5或1.0 kg m -2，对照未处理)。评价了不同处理对针叶碳水化合物浓度和动态的影响。施用木灰引起的土壤pH值升高与针状己糖(葡萄糖和果糖)的减少有关。处理过的树木中果糖与葡萄糖的比例通常超过未处理树木中各自己糖比例的2-3倍。土壤pH和木灰对蔗糖浓度影响不显著。淀粉浓度在处理过的树木中有变小的趋势。结果表明，生长期木灰可降低针叶碳水化合物储量。冬季可溶性碳水化合物的积累不依赖于处理。
{"title":"Needle carbohydrate concentrations in Norway spruce as affected by wood ash application to soil","authors":"M. Mandre, R. Korsjukov","doi":"10.3176/biol.ecol.2006.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/biol.ecol.2006.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"Sandy soil in a tree nursery was treated with wood ash (0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 kg m -2 , untreated for control). The influence of different treatments on the carbohydrate concentration and dynamics in needles was estimated. The increase in the pH of soil due to wood ash application correlated with the reduction in the needle hexoses (glucose and fructose). The ratio of fructose to glucose in treated trees often exceeded 2-3 times the respective hexose ratio in untreated trees. The sucrose concentration was not significantly influenced by the soil pH and wood ash. The starch concentration tended to be smaller in treated trees. The results suggest that carbohydrate reserves in needles could be reduced by wood ash during the growing period. The accumulation of soluble carbohydrates by winter did not depend on the treatment.","PeriodicalId":250336,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Biology. Ecology","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127945472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.3176/biol.ecol.2001.3.02
A. Järvekülg, K. Piirsoo, V. Porgasaar, T. Trei, M. Viik, S. Vilbaste
{"title":"INVESTIGATIONS ON THE BALTIC SEA CONDUCTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF MARINE BIOLOGY, INSTITUTE OF ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY (TARTU, ESTONIA), 1975–90; pp. 158–168","authors":"A. Järvekülg, K. Piirsoo, V. Porgasaar, T. Trei, M. Viik, S. Vilbaste","doi":"10.3176/biol.ecol.2001.3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/biol.ecol.2001.3.02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250336,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Biology. Ecology","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121225473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.3176/biol.ecol.1998.1.05
L. Truus
. The practice of cutting and grazing seminatural meadows is diminishing in Estonia like in the rest of Europe. As a result, plant species diversity is decreasing and species composition is changing on these meadows. The extent and speed of changes depend greatly on the ecological conditions of the habitats. The influence of management cessation on reedbed, floodplain marsh, and floodplain meadow vegetation was analysed on a landscape transect in the Kloostri floodplain, West Estonia. The above-ground biomass and litter were measured in 20 sample plots along the landscape transect in 1996. The species composition and cover data were compared with those estimated nine years earlier, in 1987, when the area was still under management. Above-ground biomass of reedbed was 1900-2100 g/m?, which coincides well with the earlier data. The biomass of floodplain meadow communities was 300-800 g/m’. Litter was abundant and in most floodplain meadow communities its amount was higher than that of biomass. Using Ward’s method of the coefficient of squared Euclidean distance for ordination of the species cover data from 1987 and 1996, it was found that the vegetation of drier sites (on higher elevations) had changed most notably while there were no changes in the sample plots of reedbed. The species composition of floodplain communities had changed a little; a few species common for pastures had disappeared. Differences between plant communities had decreased, vegetation had become more uniform. The dominance of tall grasses and sedges had increased.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF MANAGEMENT CESSATION ON REEDBED AND FLOODPLAIN VEGETATION ON THE KLOOSTRI FLOODPLAIN MEADOW IN THE DELTA OF THE KASARI RIVER, ESTONIA","authors":"L. Truus","doi":"10.3176/biol.ecol.1998.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/biol.ecol.1998.1.05","url":null,"abstract":". The practice of cutting and grazing seminatural meadows is diminishing in Estonia like in the rest of Europe. As a result, plant species diversity is decreasing and species composition is changing on these meadows. The extent and speed of changes depend greatly on the ecological conditions of the habitats. The influence of management cessation on reedbed, floodplain marsh, and floodplain meadow vegetation was analysed on a landscape transect in the Kloostri floodplain, West Estonia. The above-ground biomass and litter were measured in 20 sample plots along the landscape transect in 1996. The species composition and cover data were compared with those estimated nine years earlier, in 1987, when the area was still under management. Above-ground biomass of reedbed was 1900-2100 g/m?, which coincides well with the earlier data. The biomass of floodplain meadow communities was 300-800 g/m’. Litter was abundant and in most floodplain meadow communities its amount was higher than that of biomass. Using Ward’s method of the coefficient of squared Euclidean distance for ordination of the species cover data from 1987 and 1996, it was found that the vegetation of drier sites (on higher elevations) had changed most notably while there were no changes in the sample plots of reedbed. The species composition of floodplain communities had changed a little; a few species common for pastures had disappeared. Differences between plant communities had decreased, vegetation had become more uniform. The dominance of tall grasses and sedges had increased.","PeriodicalId":250336,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Biology. Ecology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121314597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：