Pub Date : 2024-02-18DOI: 10.13052/2023.aces.j.380913
Hao Nan Zhang, Zhi Fei Zhang, Yi Du, Wei Bin Kong, Xiao Fang Yang, Zhong-Qing Fang
In this paper, an improved heuristic algorithm based on the disturbance and somersault foraging grey wolf optimizer (IDSFGWO) is proposed to optimize the design of multilayer wideband microwave absorbers for normal incidence. The multilayer absorber is designed to reduce maximum reflection coefficient by choosing suitable layers of materials from a predefined database. Three improvement strategies are given to enhance the performance of GWO, including tent map, nonlinear perturbation, and somersault foraging. The optimization results show that the reflection coefficients optimized by IDSFGWO are better than those of other algorithms for multilayer absorber design.
{"title":"Design of Multilayer Wideband Microwave Absorbers using Improved Grey Wolf Optimizer","authors":"Hao Nan Zhang, Zhi Fei Zhang, Yi Du, Wei Bin Kong, Xiao Fang Yang, Zhong-Qing Fang","doi":"10.13052/2023.aces.j.380913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/2023.aces.j.380913","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an improved heuristic algorithm based on the disturbance and somersault foraging grey wolf optimizer (IDSFGWO) is proposed to optimize the design of multilayer wideband microwave absorbers for normal incidence. The multilayer absorber is designed to reduce maximum reflection coefficient by choosing suitable layers of materials from a predefined database. Three improvement strategies are given to enhance the performance of GWO, including tent map, nonlinear perturbation, and somersault foraging. The optimization results show that the reflection coefficients optimized by IDSFGWO are better than those of other algorithms for multilayer absorber design.","PeriodicalId":250668,"journal":{"name":"The Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal (ACES)","volume":"258 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-18DOI: 10.13052/2023.aces.j.380905
Ji-Yuan Wang, Xiao-Min Pan
The utilization of physics-informed deep learning (PI-DL) methodologies provides an approach to augment the predictive capabilities of deep learning (DL) models by constraining them with known physical principles. We utilize a PI-DL model called the deep operator network (DeepONet) to solve two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetic (EM) scattering problems. Numerical results demonstrate that the discrepancy between the DeepONet and conventional method of moments (MoM) is small, while maintaining computational efficiency.
{"title":"Physics-informed Deep Learning to Solve 2D Electromagnetic Scattering Problems","authors":"Ji-Yuan Wang, Xiao-Min Pan","doi":"10.13052/2023.aces.j.380905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/2023.aces.j.380905","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of physics-informed deep learning (PI-DL) methodologies provides an approach to augment the predictive capabilities of deep learning (DL) models by constraining them with known physical principles. We utilize a PI-DL model called the deep operator network (DeepONet) to solve two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetic (EM) scattering problems. Numerical results demonstrate that the discrepancy between the DeepONet and conventional method of moments (MoM) is small, while maintaining computational efficiency.","PeriodicalId":250668,"journal":{"name":"The Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal (ACES)","volume":"9 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139959777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-18DOI: 10.13052/2023.aces.j.380917
Jin Tong, Yong-Fang Liu
Traditional off-axis injection becomes inadequate in diffraction limited storage ring (DLSR) for its small dynamic aperture (DA). On-axis injection with thin septum could solve the problem. This paper focuses on the theoretical calculation, field simulation, and measurement of thin septum magnets. The scheme of eddy-current type thin septum magnets (the thinnest portion is with the thickness of 0.9 mm) was adopted with laminated silicon steel sheets as the magnet core. The simulation of main field, stray field along the beam trajectory, the leakage field decayed over 1 millisecond time was carried out within Opera 2D/3D. Field measurement and analysis of thin septum magnets also has been conducted comprehensively. The results meet requirements, and the work laid a foundation for injection technology of an advanced light source.
传统的离轴喷射在衍射受限存储环（DLSR）中因其动态孔径（DA）较小而显得不足。使用薄隔板进行轴向注入可以解决这个问题。本文重点讨论了薄隔膜磁体的理论计算、磁场模拟和测量。采用涡流型薄隔板磁体（最薄部分厚度为 0.9 毫米）方案，以层压硅钢片为磁芯。在 Opera 2D/3D 中模拟了主磁场、沿光束轨迹的杂散磁场、1 毫秒内衰减的漏磁场。此外，还对薄隔膜磁体进行了全面的场测量和分析。结果符合要求，为先进光源的注入技术奠定了基础。
{"title":"Magnetic Field Analysis and Measurement of Pulsed Septum Magnet","authors":"Jin Tong, Yong-Fang Liu","doi":"10.13052/2023.aces.j.380917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/2023.aces.j.380917","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional off-axis injection becomes inadequate in diffraction limited storage ring (DLSR) for its small dynamic aperture (DA). On-axis injection with thin septum could solve the problem. This paper focuses on the theoretical calculation, field simulation, and measurement of thin septum magnets. The scheme of eddy-current type thin septum magnets (the thinnest portion is with the thickness of 0.9 mm) was adopted with laminated silicon steel sheets as the magnet core. The simulation of main field, stray field along the beam trajectory, the leakage field decayed over 1 millisecond time was carried out within Opera 2D/3D. Field measurement and analysis of thin septum magnets also has been conducted comprehensively. The results meet requirements, and the work laid a foundation for injection technology of an advanced light source.","PeriodicalId":250668,"journal":{"name":"The Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal (ACES)","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139959006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-18DOI: 10.13052/2023.aces.j.380906
Haoyun Zhu, Jia-Wei Qian, Xiao-Hui Tang, Wei-Dong Li
Optimization of antenna performance is a non-linear, multi-dimensional and complex issue, which entails a significant investment of time and labor. In this paper, a hybrid algorithm of quasi-opposition grey wolf optimization (QOGWO) and Gaussian process regression (GPR) model is proposed for antenna optimization. The QOGWO is prone to global optimality, high precision for complex problems, and fast convergence rate at the later stage. The GPR model can reduce time cost of antenna samples generation. After being optimized by the proposed approach, a stepped ultrawideband monopole antenna and a dual-band MIMO antenna for WLAN can achieve wider bandwidth and higher gain or isolation at low time cost, compared to other intelligent algorithms and published literatures.
天线性能优化是一个非线性、多维度的复杂问题，需要投入大量的时间和人力。本文提出了一种准位置灰狼优化（QOGWO）和高斯过程回归（GPR）模型的混合算法，用于天线优化。QOGWO 具有全局最优性、复杂问题精度高、后期收敛速度快等特点。GPR 模型可以减少天线样本生成的时间成本。与其他智能算法和已发表的文献相比，经过本文提出的方法优化后，用于 WLAN 的阶跃超宽带单极天线和双频 MIMO 天线能以较低的时间成本获得更宽的带宽和更高的增益或隔离度。
{"title":"A Hybrid QOGWO-GPR Algorithm for Antenna Optimization","authors":"Haoyun Zhu, Jia-Wei Qian, Xiao-Hui Tang, Wei-Dong Li","doi":"10.13052/2023.aces.j.380906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/2023.aces.j.380906","url":null,"abstract":"Optimization of antenna performance is a non-linear, multi-dimensional and complex issue, which entails a significant investment of time and labor. In this paper, a hybrid algorithm of quasi-opposition grey wolf optimization (QOGWO) and Gaussian process regression (GPR) model is proposed for antenna optimization. The QOGWO is prone to global optimality, high precision for complex problems, and fast convergence rate at the later stage. The GPR model can reduce time cost of antenna samples generation. After being optimized by the proposed approach, a stepped ultrawideband monopole antenna and a dual-band MIMO antenna for WLAN can achieve wider bandwidth and higher gain or isolation at low time cost, compared to other intelligent algorithms and published literatures.","PeriodicalId":250668,"journal":{"name":"The Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal (ACES)","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139959531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, a sector ring shape UWB microstrip antenna based on the tight coupling is proposed. The continuous current and electric field distribution are formed by the coupling effect between microstrip patches. This design expanded the bandwidth of this antenna and realized a high-gain performance. To achieve the miniaturization design, the ring microstrip patches are staggered and the ground is removed to effectively reduce the size of the antenna. The ring shaped antenna has a 31 mm outside diameter and a 21 mm inside diameter, with a 2 mm thick substrate. Besides the excellent mechanical features, such as being compact and easy to fabricate, the proposed antenna also shows good characteristics in radiation patterns and time-domain behaviors. The results show that the antenna achieves the effect of S11 less than -10 dB in the working frequency band of 2 GHz to 8 GHz, and the simulated results are in good agreement with the measured ones. The antenna realizes low profile and broadband in a novel approach, and this antenna can be used in V2X vehicle systems and IoT networks.
{"title":"A Sector Ring Shape UWB Antenna by Tightly Coupling","authors":"Ziqin Wang, Zhihao Chen, Zhengming Tang, Lam Phav, Fangyuan Chen","doi":"10.13052/2023.aces.j.380912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/2023.aces.j.380912","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a sector ring shape UWB microstrip antenna based on the tight coupling is proposed. The continuous current and electric field distribution are formed by the coupling effect between microstrip patches. This design expanded the bandwidth of this antenna and realized a high-gain performance. To achieve the miniaturization design, the ring microstrip patches are staggered and the ground is removed to effectively reduce the size of the antenna. The ring shaped antenna has a 31 mm outside diameter and a 21 mm inside diameter, with a 2 mm thick substrate.\u0000Besides the excellent mechanical features, such as being compact and easy to fabricate, the proposed antenna also shows good characteristics in radiation patterns and time-domain behaviors. The results show that the antenna achieves the effect of S11 less than -10 dB in the working frequency band of 2 GHz to 8 GHz, and the simulated results are in good agreement with the measured ones. The antenna realizes low profile and broadband in a novel approach, and this antenna can be used in V2X vehicle systems and IoT networks.","PeriodicalId":250668,"journal":{"name":"The Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal (ACES)","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.13052/2023.aces.j.380707
W. Amara, Abdelaziz Alzahrani, A. Mersani, D. Oueslati, A. Elsharabasy, B. Hakim, H. Rmili, Atef Z. Elsherbeni
This article presents the design of an array of rectennas operating at 28.3 THz for infrared (IR) energy harvesting applications. The basic element of the array consists of a Vivaldi-dipole rectenna composed of two arms made with different conductors (gold and titanium). A metal-insulator-metal (MIM) tunnel diode is used to rectify the THz ac current. The proposed MIM diode consists of a very thin layer of Al2O3 sandwiched between the two metal electrodes. Arrays of two, three, and four rectennas are investigated. The improvement of the energy captured by coupling several elements in the same structure with a common gap is also investigated. This array architecture, without feeding network, may reduce the number of rectifying diodes and, therefore, decrease losses and increase the overall efficiency. Finally, it has been found that the four-elements rectenna array has a maximum electric field intensity of 62.4 × 104 V/m at 28.3 THz.
{"title":"Nanoarray of Vivaldi Rectenna for Infrared-energy Harvesting","authors":"W. Amara, Abdelaziz Alzahrani, A. Mersani, D. Oueslati, A. Elsharabasy, B. Hakim, H. Rmili, Atef Z. Elsherbeni","doi":"10.13052/2023.aces.j.380707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/2023.aces.j.380707","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the design of an array of rectennas operating at 28.3 THz for infrared (IR) energy harvesting applications. The basic element of the array consists of a Vivaldi-dipole rectenna composed of two arms made with different conductors (gold and titanium). A metal-insulator-metal (MIM) tunnel diode is used to rectify the THz ac current. The proposed MIM diode consists of a very thin layer of Al2O3 sandwiched between the two metal electrodes. Arrays of two, three, and four rectennas are investigated. The improvement of the energy captured by coupling several elements in the same structure with a common gap is also investigated. This array architecture, without feeding network, may reduce the number of rectifying diodes and, therefore, decrease losses and increase the overall efficiency. Finally, it has been found that the four-elements rectenna array has a maximum electric field intensity of 62.4 × 104 V/m at 28.3 THz.","PeriodicalId":250668,"journal":{"name":"The Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal (ACES)","volume":"48 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139173989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.13052/2023.aces.j.380706
T. Abouelnaga, Esmat A. Abdallah
For 5G sub-6 GHz outdoor applications, a highly isolated two-port rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (RDRA) with UWB MIMO is presented in this research. For isolation enhancement purposes at the lower frequency band (2.27 GHz-2.62 GHz), a longitudinal slot is inserted at the ground plane. For isolation enhancement at the higher frequency band (3.9 GHz-5.73 GHz), an edged hole is inserted in the RDRA. Investigations are conducted on the impacts of slotted ground as well as edged hole radius on isolation. The orthogonal feeding scheme of UWB MIMO RDRA considering both edged hole and slotted ground plane effects are investigated. For the edged hole MIMO RDRA with a slotted ground plane, isolation is better than -24.7 dB at a higher frequency band and is better than -15.5 dB at a lower frequency band. This isolation improvement is explained by the surface current density distribution. The use of an edged hole RDRA and an aperture-coupled orthogonal feeding allows UWB bandwidth and good efficiency performances on the 5G operating bands. To justify the MIMO performance, the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and diversity gain (DG) are applied.
针对 5G 6 GHz 以下的室外应用，本研究提出了一种具有 UWB MIMO 的高隔离双端口矩形介质谐振器天线（RDRA）。为了增强低频段（2.27 GHz-2.62 GHz）的隔离效果，在地平面插入了一个纵向槽。为了增强高频段（3.9 GHz-5.73 GHz）的隔离效果，在 RDRA 中插入了一个边缘孔。对开槽接地和边缘孔半径对隔离度的影响进行了研究。研究了 UWB MIMO RDRA 的正交馈电方案，同时考虑了边缘孔和开槽地平面的影响。对于带槽地平面的边缘孔 MIMO RDRA，高频段的隔离度优于-24.7 dB，低频段的隔离度优于-15.5 dB。这种隔离度的提高得益于表面电流密度分布。使用边缘孔 RDRA 和孔径耦合正交馈电可在 5G 工作频段上实现 UWB 带宽和良好的效率。为了证明多输入多输出性能，应用了包络相关系数（ECC）和分集增益（DG）。
{"title":"Edge Hole Effect on Isolation of UWB MIMO RDRA for 5G Outdoor Applications","authors":"T. Abouelnaga, Esmat A. Abdallah","doi":"10.13052/2023.aces.j.380706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/2023.aces.j.380706","url":null,"abstract":"For 5G sub-6 GHz outdoor applications, a highly isolated two-port rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (RDRA) with UWB MIMO is presented in this research. For isolation enhancement purposes at the lower frequency band (2.27 GHz-2.62 GHz), a longitudinal slot is inserted at the ground plane. For isolation enhancement at the higher frequency band (3.9 GHz-5.73 GHz), an edged hole is inserted in the RDRA. Investigations are conducted on the impacts of slotted ground as well as edged hole radius on isolation. The orthogonal feeding scheme of UWB MIMO RDRA considering both edged hole and slotted ground plane effects are investigated. For the edged hole MIMO RDRA with a slotted ground plane, isolation is better than -24.7 dB at a higher frequency band and is better than -15.5 dB at a lower frequency band. This isolation improvement is explained by the surface current density distribution. The use of an edged hole RDRA and an aperture-coupled orthogonal feeding allows UWB bandwidth and good efficiency performances on the 5G operating bands. To justify the MIMO performance, the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and diversity gain (DG) are applied.","PeriodicalId":250668,"journal":{"name":"The Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal (ACES)","volume":"110 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139174921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.13052/2023.aces.j.380704
Yunqi Zhang, Shiliu Zhao, Xuping Li, Leying Wang
This paper presents a Uniform Circular Array (UCA) antenna of crossed-dipole that can excite vortex waves in a wide frequency range from 3.5 GHz to 8.4 GHz. In the design process, the theoretical derivation of the influence on the Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) when the antenna elements are arrayed in Co-directional Antenna Array (CAA) and Rotational Antenna Array (RAA) is given respectively. The fixed mode of the dipoles CAA is achieved by feeding each element with equal amplitude and 90∘ phase difference produced by the broadband feeding network. Furthermore, the proposed broadband OAM array antenna has been fabricated and measured to verify the predicted properties. The vortex electromagnetic wave with +1 mode could be excited in the bandwidth of 82.35%. Simulated and measured results are in good agreement. The proposed OAM array antenna is simple in design principle, compact in structure and low in profile, making this array antenna an excellent candidate for broadband OAM communication systems.
{"title":"Analysis and Design of Broadband OAM Array Antenna","authors":"Yunqi Zhang, Shiliu Zhao, Xuping Li, Leying Wang","doi":"10.13052/2023.aces.j.380704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/2023.aces.j.380704","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a Uniform Circular Array (UCA) antenna of crossed-dipole that can excite vortex waves in a wide frequency range from 3.5 GHz to 8.4 GHz. In the design process, the theoretical derivation of the influence on the Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) when the antenna elements are arrayed in Co-directional Antenna Array (CAA) and Rotational Antenna Array (RAA) is given respectively. The fixed mode of the dipoles CAA is achieved by feeding each element with equal amplitude and 90∘ phase difference produced by the broadband feeding network. Furthermore, the proposed broadband OAM array antenna has been fabricated and measured to verify the predicted properties. The vortex electromagnetic wave with +1 mode could be excited in the bandwidth of 82.35%. Simulated and measured results are in good agreement. The proposed OAM array antenna is simple in design principle, compact in structure and low in profile, making this array antenna an excellent candidate for broadband OAM communication systems.","PeriodicalId":250668,"journal":{"name":"The Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal (ACES)","volume":"75 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139176158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.13052/2023.aces.j.380702
Jinjun Bai, Bing Hu, Yixuan Wan
By virtue of its high calculational accuracy and efficiency, the stochastic Galerkin method (SGM) has been successfully applied many times in electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) simulation in recent years. This paper proposes a calculating example taking geometric uncertainty factors into consideration. As is proved in the paper, there is a relatively large error when using the SGM to solve the example mentioned above. According to failure mechanism, the fundamental reason of the failure of the simulation lies in the additional error caused by using numerical integration to solve the inner product formula. Meanwhile, it is proved that no additional errors are introduced when using the stochastic collocation method (SCM), so the SCM is better than the SGM in stability. In the end, the paper revised the general selective strategy for uncertainty analysis methods, thus providing theoretical basis for their universal application in EMC field.
{"title":"Failure Mechanism Analysis of the Stochastic Galerkin Method in EMC Simulation Considering Geometric Randomness","authors":"Jinjun Bai, Bing Hu, Yixuan Wan","doi":"10.13052/2023.aces.j.380702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/2023.aces.j.380702","url":null,"abstract":"By virtue of its high calculational accuracy and efficiency, the stochastic Galerkin method (SGM) has been successfully applied many times in electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) simulation in recent years. This paper proposes a calculating example taking geometric uncertainty factors into consideration. As is proved in the paper, there is a relatively large error when using the SGM to solve the example mentioned above. According to failure mechanism, the fundamental reason of the failure of the simulation lies in the additional error caused by using numerical integration to solve the inner product formula. Meanwhile, it is proved that no additional errors are introduced when using the stochastic collocation method (SCM), so the SCM is better than the SGM in stability. In the end, the paper revised the general selective strategy for uncertainty analysis methods, thus providing theoretical basis for their universal application in EMC field.","PeriodicalId":250668,"journal":{"name":"The Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal (ACES)","volume":"26 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139176358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.13052/2023.aces.j.380701
Yang Yang, Feng Zhu, Yuxuan Wang, Chengpan Yang
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is an important factor in ensuring the safe operation of the sensitive electronic equipment on urban rail trains. The pulse width modulation (PWM) encoder of an urban rail train exported from China to Brazil is sometimes affected by electromagnetic interference (EMI), which causes the train to fail to run properly. To solve this problem, the EMC test is performed on the PWM encoder to identify the coupling path and the type of interference source. The EMI coupling model and the vehicle-catenary-rail model are established by using an electromagnetic transients program (EMTP) to analyze the mechanism of interference coupling. It is shown that the unbalanced voltage of the train body caused by the backflow of the grounding current is the root cause of the interference of the PWM encoder. The maximum voltage coupled to the internal port of the PWM encoder is about 1894 V, which is sufficient to burn out the encoder. A measure to suppress the interference by installing thyristor surge suppressors (TSS) P0300SC is proposed, which effectively solves the EMI problem of the PWM encoder.
{"title":"Investigation and Analysis of Electromagnetic Interference for PWM Encoder of Urban Rail Train","authors":"Yang Yang, Feng Zhu, Yuxuan Wang, Chengpan Yang","doi":"10.13052/2023.aces.j.380701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/2023.aces.j.380701","url":null,"abstract":"Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is an important factor in ensuring the safe operation of the sensitive electronic equipment on urban rail trains. The pulse width modulation (PWM) encoder of an urban rail train exported from China to Brazil is sometimes affected by electromagnetic interference (EMI), which causes the train to fail to run properly. To solve this problem, the EMC test is performed on the PWM encoder to identify the coupling path and the type of interference source. The EMI coupling model and the vehicle-catenary-rail model are established by using an electromagnetic transients program (EMTP) to analyze the mechanism of interference coupling. It is shown that the unbalanced voltage of the train body caused by the backflow of the grounding current is the root cause of the interference of the PWM encoder. The maximum voltage coupled to the internal port of the PWM encoder is about 1894 V, which is sufficient to burn out the encoder. A measure to suppress the interference by installing thyristor surge suppressors (TSS) P0300SC is proposed, which effectively solves the EMI problem of the PWM encoder.","PeriodicalId":250668,"journal":{"name":"The Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal (ACES)","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138965219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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