R. D. Devadason, C. S. De Silva, Shanthi De Silva, T. E. Weerawardena
Black Pepper, Piper nigrum L.) is a perennial, evergreen, climbing vine and it is widely used as a spice and flavoring agent in the food industry and ayurvada medicine throughout the world. Therefore, continuous supply of pepper is important for the sustainability of these sectors. Pepper is usually propagated vegetatively using stem cuttings. Cuttings are planted in polythene bags filled with a mixture of equal parts of topsoil, cow dung, sand, and coir dust. Scarcity of cow dung and expensiveness resulted with huge demand are the limiting factors in commercial production of pepper. Incorporation of nitrogen and phosphorus containing fertilizers to potting mixture in the absence of cow dung may at least supply plant nutrients which highly essential for early growth of plants. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the effect of different compound fertilizer for nursery plants of P. nigrum L, hybrid “Dingirala” in the absence of cow dung in the potting mixture. Four different levels (1, 2, 3, 4 g per pot) of four different compound fertilizers were taken as treatments such as T1- Yara Complex (N:P:K 12:11:18), T2- Yara Grower ( N:P:K 21:7:14), T3- NPK Balance (N:P:K 15:15:15) K as SOP, T4- NPK Balance (N:P:K 15:15:15) K as MOP and T5 a phosphate fertilizer Di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) (N:P:K 18:46 :0). All were mixed into a modified potting mixture of topsoil: sand: coir dust 2:1:1 without cow dung. Control was the potting mixture already recommended by Department of Export Agriculture (top soil: sand: coir dust: cow dung, 2:1:1:1) without inorganic fertilizer. Each treatment contained three replicates per treatment. Complete Randomized Block Design (RCBD) was the experimental design and each block consisted with 50 plants. Two nodal cuttings of Black pepper hybrid Dingirala were planted and maintained in a propagator under a net house at central research station Matale (IM3a). After 105 days from establishment, survival percentage, growth parameters such as shoot length (cm), number of leaves and shoot dry weight (g) were measured. Soil parameters such as soil pH and EC and total N%, P% and K% of tissues were analyzed. Significantly highest (P<0.05) survival rate (91%) was recorded from recommended potting mixture used as control in this experiment and cuttings treated with 1g of Di-ammonium phosphate. Significantly highest (P<0.05) shoot length (39.1cm) was recorded from cuttings treated with 1g of Yara complex fertilizer (N:P:K 12:11:18) and Significantly highest (P<0.05) number of leaves (9.0) was recorded from cuttings treated with 1g of DAP fertilizer.Therefore, cuttings planted with top soil: sand: coir dust: cow dung, 2:1:1:1 is the best potting mixture and in absence of cow dung with normal potting mixture with 1g of Di-ammonium phosphate excelled all compound fertilizers in terms of overall growth, soil and leaf nutrient parameters of Hybrid "Dingirala" pepper nursery plants over the first 105 days after establishment.
{"title":"Selection of best compound fertilizer amended potting mixture for successful growth of black pepper (Piper nigrum l.) hybrid (“Dingirala”) nursery plants","authors":"R. D. Devadason, C. S. De Silva, Shanthi De Silva, T. E. Weerawardena","doi":"10.4038/java.v6i1.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/java.v6i1.67","url":null,"abstract":"Black Pepper, Piper nigrum L.) is a perennial, evergreen, climbing vine and it is widely used as a spice and flavoring agent in the food industry and ayurvada medicine throughout the world. Therefore, continuous supply of pepper is important for the sustainability of these sectors. Pepper is usually propagated vegetatively using stem cuttings. Cuttings are planted in polythene bags filled with a mixture of equal parts of topsoil, cow dung, sand, and coir dust. Scarcity of cow dung and expensiveness resulted with huge demand are the limiting factors in commercial production of pepper. Incorporation of nitrogen and phosphorus containing fertilizers to potting mixture in the absence of cow dung may at least supply plant nutrients which highly essential for early growth of plants. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the effect of different compound fertilizer for nursery plants of P. nigrum L, hybrid “Dingirala” in the absence of cow dung in the potting mixture. Four different levels (1, 2, 3, 4 g per pot) of four different compound fertilizers were taken as treatments such as T1- Yara Complex (N:P:K 12:11:18), T2- Yara Grower ( N:P:K 21:7:14), T3- NPK Balance (N:P:K 15:15:15) K as SOP, T4- NPK Balance (N:P:K 15:15:15) K as MOP and T5 a phosphate fertilizer Di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) (N:P:K 18:46 :0). All were mixed into a modified potting mixture of topsoil: sand: coir dust 2:1:1 without cow dung. Control was the potting mixture already recommended by Department of Export Agriculture (top soil: sand: coir dust: cow dung, 2:1:1:1) without inorganic fertilizer. Each treatment contained three replicates per treatment. Complete Randomized Block Design (RCBD) was the experimental design and each block consisted with 50 plants. Two nodal cuttings of Black pepper hybrid Dingirala were planted and maintained in a propagator under a net house at central research station Matale (IM3a). After 105 days from establishment, survival percentage, growth parameters such as shoot length (cm), number of leaves and shoot dry weight (g) were measured. Soil parameters such as soil pH and EC and total N%, P% and K% of tissues were analyzed. Significantly highest (P<0.05) survival rate (91%) was recorded from recommended potting mixture used as control in this experiment and cuttings treated with 1g of Di-ammonium phosphate. Significantly highest (P<0.05) shoot length (39.1cm) was recorded from cuttings treated with 1g of Yara complex fertilizer (N:P:K 12:11:18) and Significantly highest (P<0.05) number of leaves (9.0) was recorded from cuttings treated with 1g of DAP fertilizer.Therefore, cuttings planted with top soil: sand: coir dust: cow dung, 2:1:1:1 is the best potting mixture and in absence of cow dung with normal potting mixture with 1g of Di-ammonium phosphate excelled all compound fertilizers in terms of overall growth, soil and leaf nutrient parameters of Hybrid \"Dingirala\" pepper nursery plants over the first 105 days after establishment.","PeriodicalId":250751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Value Addition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129261534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although Moringa oleifera is identified as a nutrient-dense, superfood with increasing demand in the international market, it is recognized as an underutilized plant in Sri Lanka with vast potential to improve rural income. Thus, the objective of this study is to identify the existing potential of the plant, to act as an income generator. Value chain analysis was done qualitatively, in order to map the existing value and to identify main actors, channels and constraints along value chains. Dry and intermediate ecological zones were selected and a total of 47 participants were drawn purposively, and interviewed through face-to-face interviews and telephone conversations in order to gather primary data needed. Two value chain maps were identified related to leaf and pod – based products and exporters add a considerably higher amount of value to products. Leaf collector was identified as an actor who arbitrary gains higher profits with a little value addition. It is concluded that even though there is a high potential and return for M. oleifera based products, the communication gap among actors in the value chain and lack of awareness among local consumers hinder the possible income generation.
{"title":"Value Chain analysis of underutilized economically potential plants in Sri Lanka: A special reference to Moringa oleifera","authors":"S. Samarawickrama, J. Edirisinghe, K. Kanuwana","doi":"10.4038/java.v6i1.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/java.v6i1.69","url":null,"abstract":"Although Moringa oleifera is identified as a nutrient-dense, superfood with increasing demand in the international market, it is recognized as an underutilized plant in Sri Lanka with vast potential to improve rural income. Thus, the objective of this study is to identify the existing potential of the plant, to act as an income generator. Value chain analysis was done qualitatively, in order to map the existing value and to identify main actors, channels and constraints along value chains. Dry and intermediate ecological zones were selected and a total of 47 participants were drawn purposively, and interviewed through face-to-face interviews and telephone conversations in order to gather primary data needed. Two value chain maps were identified related to leaf and pod – based products and exporters add a considerably higher amount of value to products. Leaf collector was identified as an actor who arbitrary gains higher profits with a little value addition. It is concluded that even though there is a high potential and return for M. oleifera based products, the communication gap among actors in the value chain and lack of awareness among local consumers hinder the possible income generation.","PeriodicalId":250751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Value Addition","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122515583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. G. U. L. B. Senevirathna, R. Bandara, T. Samarakone, W. Weerasinghe
Contract grower/buy-back farming system is well established in the present poultry industry in Sri Lanka. This study assessed farmer profile, key management practices and attitudes of the buy-back farmers towards broiler chicken welfare. A total of 40 buy-back farmers in Gampaha District, Sri Lanka were interviewed via telephone conversations using an open structured type questionnaire. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Relationships among variables were computed by Ordinal Logistic Regression. Majority (56%) of the farmers were in between the age group of 35-50 y, and 17.6% were females. The most popular flock sizes were in between 1000-5000 birds (64.1%). All the farmers stated that they purposely check for sick or injured birds and 97.4% of them practiced isolation of sick birds. However, no one euthanized severely injured or sick birds. All farmers informed that they practice up-right position when catching and handling birds. Half of the farmers (56.4%) were not well aware of concepts of farm animal welfare. Farmers’ attitudes on farm animal welfare, transportation, and slaughtering were compared with farmers’ profile and resulted in no significant relationship. There was a positive relationship that tend to be significant (P = 0.051) with welfare awareness (YES) vs the welfare positive attitudes on handling of birds. When flock size increased, farmers’ awareness of pain of birds was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In conclusion, a considerable number of buy-back farmers had poor or uncertain attitudes regarding broiler chicken welfare, and their management practices were mostly production-focused. It is suggested that poultry welfare awareness programs would be beneficial to improve farmers' positive attitudes to ensure the welfare of broiler chickens.
{"title":"A survey on management practices and attitudes of broiler buy-back farmers towards farm animal welfare in Gampaha district, Sri Lanka: a case study of a commercial broiler chicken processing company","authors":"G. G. U. L. B. Senevirathna, R. Bandara, T. Samarakone, W. Weerasinghe","doi":"10.4038/java.v6i1.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/java.v6i1.70","url":null,"abstract":"Contract grower/buy-back farming system is well established in the present poultry industry in Sri Lanka. This study assessed farmer profile, key management practices and attitudes of the buy-back farmers towards broiler chicken welfare. A total of 40 buy-back farmers in Gampaha District, Sri Lanka were interviewed via telephone conversations using an open structured type questionnaire. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Relationships among variables were computed by Ordinal Logistic Regression. Majority (56%) of the farmers were in between the age group of 35-50 y, and 17.6% were females. The most popular flock sizes were in between 1000-5000 birds (64.1%). All the farmers stated that they purposely check for sick or injured birds and 97.4% of them practiced isolation of sick birds. However, no one euthanized severely injured or sick birds. All farmers informed that they practice up-right position when catching and handling birds. Half of the farmers (56.4%) were not well aware of concepts of farm animal welfare. Farmers’ attitudes on farm animal welfare, transportation, and slaughtering were compared with farmers’ profile and resulted in no significant relationship. There was a positive relationship that tend to be significant (P = 0.051) with welfare awareness (YES) vs the welfare positive attitudes on handling of birds. When flock size increased, farmers’ awareness of pain of birds was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In conclusion, a considerable number of buy-back farmers had poor or uncertain attitudes regarding broiler chicken welfare, and their management practices were mostly production-focused. It is suggested that poultry welfare awareness programs would be beneficial to improve farmers' positive attitudes to ensure the welfare of broiler chickens.","PeriodicalId":250751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Value Addition","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121124701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H.M.A. Herath, H. Jayawardhana, H. B. M. W. C. K. Mahagedara, B. D. M. Mihiran
Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) are highly demanded export fish species in Sri Lanka. The objective of the present study was to prepare leather from the skin of T. albacares and L. calcarifer using tanning media prepared with black tea (Camellia sinensis) powder and table salt (NaCl). Black tea powder and table salt concentrations were increased by 10 grams (initial weight; 10 gL-1) and 1 gram (initial weight; 1 gL-1), respectively each day for 12 d. Skins were dipped in each concentration for 24 hrs. After additional water was removed, vegetableoil-applied skins were stretched and air-dried at room temperature. The percentage of ash, fat,protein, and tensile strength of the leather prepared from L. calcarifer skin was significantly higher(P<0.05) compared to leather prepared from T. albacares skin. The percentage of moisture, averagethickness, and tear strength of the leather prepared from the T. albacares skin were significantlyhigher (P<0.05) than the leather prepared from L. calcarifer skin. According to the ΔL*, Δa*, andΔb* values, leather prepared from T. albacares skin has lighter, greener, bluer and L. calcarifer skinhas darker, greener, yellower colours respectively. There are no significant colour differences betweenprepared leathers (P>0.05). Sensory evaluation results indicated that, finishing, appearance,handling, and overall acceptability, of leather wallet prepared from T. albacares has higherconsumer acceptance. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of this novel method for preparationof leather from T. albacares and L. calcarifer skin. In conclusion, T. albacares skin is more suitablefor fish leather preparation using the above described tanning method.
{"title":"Development of leather from the skin of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) using an environmentally friendly tanning technique","authors":"H.M.A. Herath, H. Jayawardhana, H. B. M. W. C. K. Mahagedara, B. D. M. Mihiran","doi":"10.4038/java.v6i1.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/java.v6i1.68","url":null,"abstract":"Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) are highly demanded export fish species in Sri Lanka. The objective of the present study was to prepare leather from the skin of T. albacares and L. calcarifer using tanning media prepared with black tea (Camellia sinensis) powder and table salt (NaCl). Black tea powder and table salt concentrations were increased by 10 grams (initial weight; 10 gL-1) and 1 gram (initial weight; 1 gL-1), respectively each day for 12 d. Skins were dipped in each concentration for 24 hrs. After additional water was removed, vegetableoil-applied skins were stretched and air-dried at room temperature. The percentage of ash, fat,protein, and tensile strength of the leather prepared from L. calcarifer skin was significantly higher(P<0.05) compared to leather prepared from T. albacares skin. The percentage of moisture, averagethickness, and tear strength of the leather prepared from the T. albacares skin were significantlyhigher (P<0.05) than the leather prepared from L. calcarifer skin. According to the ΔL*, Δa*, andΔb* values, leather prepared from T. albacares skin has lighter, greener, bluer and L. calcarifer skinhas darker, greener, yellower colours respectively. There are no significant colour differences betweenprepared leathers (P>0.05). Sensory evaluation results indicated that, finishing, appearance,handling, and overall acceptability, of leather wallet prepared from T. albacares has higherconsumer acceptance. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of this novel method for preparationof leather from T. albacares and L. calcarifer skin. In conclusion, T. albacares skin is more suitablefor fish leather preparation using the above described tanning method.","PeriodicalId":250751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Value Addition","volume":"422 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121707565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. W. Jeewanthi, W. Wijesuriya, L. A. T. S. Liyanarachchi, L. H. P. Gunatathne
{"title":"Appropriate conventional methods for estimating missing precipitation values in Sri Lanka","authors":"P. W. Jeewanthi, W. Wijesuriya, L. A. T. S. Liyanarachchi, L. H. P. Gunatathne","doi":"10.4038/java.v5i2.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/java.v5i2.47","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Value Addition","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114268184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of natural rubber tire waste charcoal (NRTWC) on soil chemical properties in tea growing soils","authors":"A. Mendis, B. Walpola, H. Kumarasinghe","doi":"10.4038/java.v5i2.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/java.v5i2.46","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Value Addition","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134050790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Jayawardana, R. Nadeeshani, K. M. N. T. K. B. Bandara, D. Jayasena, C. Dematawewa
{"title":"Factors affecting the changes in meat and meat product consumption of high school students: A logistic regression analysis","authors":"J. Jayawardana, R. Nadeeshani, K. M. N. T. K. B. Bandara, D. Jayasena, C. Dematawewa","doi":"10.4038/java.v5i2.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/java.v5i2.45","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Value Addition","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131024231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physicochemical characteristics of Palmyrah bottled toddy and their effect on storage","authors":"S. Mahilrajana, S. Thurisingam","doi":"10.4038/java.v5i2.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/java.v5i2.49","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Value Addition","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127909980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. P. S. Kumaratenna, S. Weligamage, P. G. A. S. Warnasooriya, K. Hemachandra
{"title":"Effect of mulching on diversity and abundance of natural enemies associated with brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) crop in Mawathagama, Kurunegala (IL1)","authors":"K. P. S. Kumaratenna, S. Weligamage, P. G. A. S. Warnasooriya, K. Hemachandra","doi":"10.4038/java.v5i2.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/java.v5i2.44","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Value Addition","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127473424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of ethics in research publication","authors":"H. Herath","doi":"10.4038/java.v5i2.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/java.v5i2.43","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Value Addition","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130081947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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