Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.53477/1841-5784-21-21
Mihai Tatomir
The Wider Black Sea Region is a complex geopolitical construct. On the one hand, the area has a huge potential in terms of raw material extraction, while facilitating the trade between states. On the other hand, within this geographical area there are several frozen conflicts caused by state and non-state actors. In this context, regional geopolitical developments are issues of interest for both Romania and the Republic of Turkey, countries that have numerous common energy, trade and security goals. For this reason, the study starts from the premise that the Romanian-Turkish relations in the Wider Black Sea Region can be viewed from the perspective of the neoliberal theory of international relations. In order to ensure a comprehensive analysis of the subject, a brief history of the political dynamics between the two states, as well as a presentation of the geopolitical aspects of the area were included in the article.
{"title":"THE DYNAMICS OF TURKISHROMANIAN RELATIONS IN THE WIDER BLACK SEA REGION. A NEOLIBERAL PERSPECTIVE","authors":"Mihai Tatomir","doi":"10.53477/1841-5784-21-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1841-5784-21-21","url":null,"abstract":"The Wider Black Sea Region is a complex geopolitical construct. On the one hand, the area has a huge potential in terms of raw material extraction, while facilitating the trade between states. On the other hand, within this geographical area there are several frozen conflicts caused by state and non-state actors. In this context, regional geopolitical developments are issues of interest for both Romania and the Republic of Turkey, countries that have numerous common energy, trade and security goals. For this reason, the study starts from the premise that the Romanian-Turkish relations in the Wider Black Sea Region can be viewed from the perspective of the neoliberal theory of international relations. In order to ensure a comprehensive analysis of the subject, a brief history of the political dynamics between the two states, as well as a presentation of the geopolitical aspects of the area were included in the article.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"67 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120918063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.53477/1841-5784-21-22
Daniel-Mihai Duțu
To combat extremist ideologies and the threat of mass radicalisation, experts have developed a series of research in order to identify and understand the factors that lead to the radicalisation of an individual, but also the factors that, having an opposite effect, can lead to its deradicalisation. Therefore, more and more authors recognize the importance of studying the process of deradicalisation and its potential for today’s society. Hence, the paper aims to further address this process by presenting specific terminology, theoretical and practical models of deradicalisation, and signalling difficulties and limitations during the development of national disengagement and deradicalisation programs caused by the lack of practical information on the results of these initiatives.
{"title":"DERADICALISATION: BETWEEN THEORY AND PRACTICE","authors":"Daniel-Mihai Duțu","doi":"10.53477/1841-5784-21-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1841-5784-21-22","url":null,"abstract":"To combat extremist ideologies and the threat of mass radicalisation, experts have developed a series of research in order to identify and understand the factors that lead to the radicalisation of an individual, but also the factors that, having an opposite effect, can lead to its deradicalisation. Therefore, more and more authors recognize the importance of studying the process of deradicalisation and its potential for today’s society. Hence, the paper aims to further address this process by presenting specific terminology, theoretical and practical models of deradicalisation, and signalling difficulties and limitations during the development of national disengagement and deradicalisation programs caused by the lack of practical information on the results of these initiatives.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115275865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-02DOI: 10.53477/1841-5784-21-15
M. Böröcz
It represents a possibility that some of the terrorist attacks will be directed against critical infrastructure in the future. An example in this regard is the attack on a water treatment plant in the U.S., where an intruder attempted to raise sodium hydroxide levels more than a hundredfold thus poisoning drinking water supplies. The importance of protection is also illustrated by the cyber-attack on Düsseldorf Hospital in December 2020, when an attack on critical infrastructure has led to a fatal incident in Europe for the first time. At the same time, critical infrastructure protection is further enhanced in the event of a possible hybrid warfare or war situation. Its importance in practice was also illustrated by the Russian-Ukrainian conflict in December 2015, when the BlackEnergy APT group caused a power outage in Ukraine affecting two hundred and twenty-five thousand people. This attack has shown what success an unconventional military element can achieve in the world of current levels of energy use. This study aims at presenting the risks that critical infrastructures involve, followed by the sectors with European critical infrastructures and their main characteristics, as well as some key European infrastructures.
{"title":"CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION POLICY IN THE EU","authors":"M. Böröcz","doi":"10.53477/1841-5784-21-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1841-5784-21-15","url":null,"abstract":"It represents a possibility that some of the terrorist attacks will be directed against critical infrastructure in the future. An example in this regard is the attack on a water treatment plant in the U.S., where an intruder attempted to raise sodium hydroxide levels more than a hundredfold thus poisoning drinking water supplies. The importance of protection is also illustrated by the cyber-attack on Düsseldorf Hospital in December 2020, when an attack on critical infrastructure has led to a fatal incident in Europe for the first time. At the same time, critical infrastructure protection is further enhanced in the event of a possible hybrid warfare or war situation. Its importance in practice was also illustrated by the Russian-Ukrainian conflict in December 2015, when the BlackEnergy APT group caused a power outage in Ukraine affecting two hundred and twenty-five thousand people. This attack has shown what success an unconventional military element can achieve in the world of current levels of energy use. This study aims at presenting the risks that critical infrastructures involve, followed by the sectors with European critical infrastructures and their main characteristics, as well as some key European infrastructures.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116381279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-02DOI: 10.53477/1841-5784-21-17
A. Popescu
September 11, 2001, when Islamists affiliated with the terrorist organization Al Qaeda attacked iconic buildings in the United States, marked a turning point in recent human history. The impact of these attacks goes far beyond other contemporary events, which triggered major geopolitical processes, such as the 1956 Suez Crisis or the 1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran. If initially humanity was in a state of shock, seeing how the superpower of the moment seems paralyzed by the aggression of a little-known enemy, later, security measures and geopolitical dynamics overturned not only the life of the Earth’s population until then, but also paradigms, strategic concepts, political behaviors. This article aims to analyze how the attack orchestrated by Salafist fanatics in Al Qaeda has transformed and continues to transform society and global geopolitical dynamics.
{"title":"THE SHORT AND MEDIUMTERM IMPACT OF AL QA’IDA ISLAMIST’S ATTACKS ON THE U.S.A., SINCE SEPTEMBER 11, 2001","authors":"A. Popescu","doi":"10.53477/1841-5784-21-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1841-5784-21-17","url":null,"abstract":"September 11, 2001, when Islamists affiliated with the terrorist organization Al Qaeda attacked iconic buildings in the United States, marked a turning point in recent human history. The impact of these attacks goes far beyond other contemporary events, which triggered major geopolitical processes, such as the 1956 Suez Crisis or the 1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran. If initially humanity was in a state of shock, seeing how the superpower of the moment seems paralyzed by the aggression of a little-known enemy, later, security measures and geopolitical dynamics overturned not only the life of the Earth’s population until then, but also paradigms, strategic concepts, political behaviors. This article aims to analyze how the attack orchestrated by Salafist fanatics in Al Qaeda has transformed and continues to transform society and global geopolitical dynamics.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121439521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-02DOI: 10.53477/1841-5784-21-19
A. Popescu
The decolonization of sub-Saharan Africa was an opportunity intelligently speculated by the communist regime in Bucharest. Unlike the other communist states, regimented to the ideological current imposed by Moscow, Romania promoted an independent foreign policy and sought to establish economic relations with all developing states, regardless of their political orientation. But the events of December 1989 radically changed Romania’s policy towards sub-Saharan states. This article proposes an analysis of the way in which the economic relations between Romania and the sub-Saharan states evolved before the events of December 1989 and in the first two decades of the transition to a market economy.
{"title":"THE EVOLUTION OF ECONOMIC RELATIONS BETWEEN ROMANIA AND THE SUB-SAHARAN STATES BEFORE DECEMBER 1989 AND IN THE FIRST TWO DECADES OF TRANSITION","authors":"A. Popescu","doi":"10.53477/1841-5784-21-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1841-5784-21-19","url":null,"abstract":"The decolonization of sub-Saharan Africa was an opportunity intelligently speculated by the communist regime in Bucharest. Unlike the other communist states, regimented to the ideological current imposed by Moscow, Romania promoted an independent foreign policy and sought to establish economic relations with all developing states, regardless of their political orientation. But the events of December 1989 radically changed Romania’s policy towards sub-Saharan states. This article proposes an analysis of the way in which the economic relations between Romania and the sub-Saharan states evolved before the events of December 1989 and in the first two decades of the transition to a market economy.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116250737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-02DOI: 10.53477/1841-5784-21-16
Lajos Szabó, Zsuzsanna Balogh
The infrastructure elements are often recognized when their continuity stops, although their security is a topic that is often concerning only their cyber protection, not the physical one. There are many examples in the world where the prevention of infrastructure is taken seriously and handled properly. These recommendations and guidance could be easily adapted anywhere. The aim of this paper is to show some of the existing ways, tools, and techniques of protecting (critical) infrastructure elements that can be easily adapted in Hungary. Based on these foreign regulations the Hungarian legislative system could create a national one with the support of the decision makers.
{"title":"PREVENTIVE MEASURES OF INFRASTRUCTURES","authors":"Lajos Szabó, Zsuzsanna Balogh","doi":"10.53477/1841-5784-21-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1841-5784-21-16","url":null,"abstract":"The infrastructure elements are often recognized when their continuity stops, although their security is a topic that is often concerning only their cyber protection, not the physical one. There are many examples in the world where the prevention of infrastructure is taken seriously and handled properly. These recommendations and guidance could be easily adapted anywhere. The aim of this paper is to show some of the existing ways, tools, and techniques of protecting (critical) infrastructure elements that can be easily adapted in Hungary. Based on these foreign regulations the Hungarian legislative system could create a national one with the support of the decision makers.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134110240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-02DOI: 10.53477/1841-5784-21-18
D. Dumitru, Cristina Bodoni
Hybrid threats cover the whole spectrum of fake news, cyber/information warfare. They periodically impose the multimedia agenda in all known spaces to man. If for the Earth’s natural spaces, we have norms and customs respected international, the navigation in the digital space does not confer to the user the same protection given by a code of laws accepted worldwide, although we have a new set of instruments with shield role against dangers called cyber security. In order for this cyber security to be accepted by as many (non) state actors as possible, we need international norms, built by professionals with expertise and proactive thinking. The people with specific responsibilities for negotiating such rules are diplomats, in this case we have the digital diplomats. What is their purpose? What is the connection between hybrid warfare, digital diplomacy and humanitarian law? These are questions that we answer through this research. In the structure of the paper we used concepts from International Humanitarian Law (IHL) norms that can be adapted to cyber operations and hybrid threats. In the case of the use of aggressive cyber actions and cyber capabilities, the competence of current international law is the objective of the article for the emergence of the right to self-defence. Then, we look at aspects of military actions involving cyberattacks, designed on the spectrum of the cyber operation, and these cyber actions will be examined applying principles established by existing laws.
{"title":"EXTENSION OF INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW ORDER IN THE INFORMATION AREA THROUGH DIGITAL DIPLOMACY","authors":"D. Dumitru, Cristina Bodoni","doi":"10.53477/1841-5784-21-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1841-5784-21-18","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid threats cover the whole spectrum of fake news, cyber/information warfare. They periodically impose the multimedia agenda in all known spaces to man. If for the Earth’s natural spaces, we have norms and customs respected international, the navigation in the digital space does not confer to the user the same protection given by a code of laws accepted worldwide, although we have a new set of instruments with shield role against dangers called cyber security. In order for this cyber security to be accepted by as many (non) state actors as possible, we need international norms, built by professionals with expertise and proactive thinking. The people with specific responsibilities for negotiating such rules are diplomats, in this case we have the digital diplomats. What is their purpose? What is the connection between hybrid warfare, digital diplomacy and humanitarian law? These are questions that we answer through this research. In the structure of the paper we used concepts from International Humanitarian Law (IHL) norms that can be adapted to cyber operations and hybrid threats. In the case of the use of aggressive cyber actions and cyber capabilities, the competence of current international law is the objective of the article for the emergence of the right to self-defence. Then, we look at aspects of military actions involving cyberattacks, designed on the spectrum of the cyber operation, and these cyber actions will be examined applying principles established by existing laws.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122820696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.53477/1841-5784-21-13
Florin Nistor, Lucian valeriu Scipanov
In this endeavour, it is proposed to identify some military characteristics of the Black Sea, in terms of narrow sea, that can influence the development of military action in a joint context. This will highlight the role and place of naval force in capitalizing on the optimal potential to support coastal actions carried out by the land force. The novelty of this approach is underlined by the fact that the research result is based on the cooperation of specialists from the Romanian Naval Forces with specialists from the Land Forces, following war games and the use of other research tools specific to the military science field. The originality lies precisely in the fact that the particular missions of the naval forces during the support of the land forces were identified by the authors through the experience gained in exercises carried out at the “Carol I” National Defence University. The final product will make that correspondence between the characteristics of the Black Sea and the necessary capabilities, intended to manifest maritime power, through an appropriate response in the case of joint military actions, which will contribute to supporting national interests at the maritime and riverine areas.
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF BLACK SEA CHARACTERISTICS OVER JOINT OPERATIONS","authors":"Florin Nistor, Lucian valeriu Scipanov","doi":"10.53477/1841-5784-21-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1841-5784-21-13","url":null,"abstract":"In this endeavour, it is proposed to identify some military characteristics of the Black Sea, in terms of narrow sea, that can influence the development of military action in a joint context. This will highlight the role and place of naval force in capitalizing on the optimal potential to support coastal actions carried out by the land force. The novelty of this approach is underlined by the fact that the research result is based on the cooperation of specialists from the Romanian Naval Forces with specialists from the Land Forces, following war games and the use of other research tools specific to the military science field. The originality lies precisely in the fact that the particular missions of the naval forces during the support of the land forces were identified by the authors through the experience gained in exercises carried out at the “Carol I” National Defence University. The final product will make that correspondence between the characteristics of the Black Sea and the necessary capabilities, intended to manifest maritime power, through an appropriate response in the case of joint military actions, which will contribute to supporting national interests at the maritime and riverine areas.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129161324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.53477/1841-5784-21-14
Róbert Zsákai
There are daily news regarding social and political events, natural and civilizational disasters. Disasters have an impact both on those living in the disaster-stricken area and on the various intervening personnel. Research results have broadened human knowledge of natural and civilizational disasters. Disaster protection has increasingly evolved into a system of regulated defence involving protection of society values. The tasks of military and disaster protection are similar; however causal differences can emerge. Disaster management is now a very complex process, which is not only the task of a national organization, but also the struggle of governments and societal organizations for a common goal. For intervening personnel, processing the psychological loads with specialists becomes increasingly necessary. The role of the authorities during emergencies is of key importance in the management and coordination of actions. The need for the supporting role of international and national humanitarian organizations is also strengthening. This paper aims at presenting the elements of risk evaluation and human resilience in disaster situations, in order to understand vulnerabilities, and evaluation results should be included in contingency planning.
{"title":"MONITORING AND PROCESSING THE CHALLENGES OF MENTAL STABILITY IN DISASTER SITUATIONS","authors":"Róbert Zsákai","doi":"10.53477/1841-5784-21-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1841-5784-21-14","url":null,"abstract":"There are daily news regarding social and political events, natural and civilizational disasters. Disasters have an impact both on those living in the disaster-stricken area and on the various intervening personnel. Research results have broadened human knowledge of natural and civilizational disasters. Disaster protection has increasingly evolved into a system of regulated defence involving protection of society values. The tasks of military and disaster protection are similar; however causal differences can emerge. Disaster management is now a very complex process, which is not only the task of a national organization, but also the struggle of governments and societal organizations for a common goal. For intervening personnel, processing the psychological loads with specialists becomes increasingly necessary. The role of the authorities during emergencies is of key importance in the management and coordination of actions. The need for the supporting role of international and national humanitarian organizations is also strengthening. This paper aims at presenting the elements of risk evaluation and human resilience in disaster situations, in order to understand vulnerabilities, and evaluation results should be included in contingency planning.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129848188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.53477/1841-5784-21-12
Nicușor Cojan
Throughout its history, the United Nations (UN) has developed and tried to adapt in order to be able to respond to the challenges of the international security environment. Contemporary society is composed of a complex of economic, political, cultural, religious entities, etc., in a continuous evolution or transformation, which also generate ever new challenges to the very existence of human existence. Against this background, we have considered it useful to review some UN initiatives, key documents and policies, from the beginning until nowadays, in order to address as many of the challenges as possible in the international security environment, in an attempt to create a better world, demonstrating the important role of SecretariesGeneral in the evolution and development of the organization.
{"title":"UN’ SECRETARIES-GENERAL INITIATIVES IN RESPONSE TO THE CHALLENGES OF THE INTERNATIONAL SECURITY ENVIRONMENT","authors":"Nicușor Cojan","doi":"10.53477/1841-5784-21-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1841-5784-21-12","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout its history, the United Nations (UN) has developed and tried to adapt in order to be able to respond to the challenges of the international security environment. Contemporary society is composed of a complex of economic, political, cultural, religious entities, etc., in a continuous evolution or transformation, which also generate ever new challenges to the very existence of human existence. Against this background, we have considered it useful to review some UN initiatives, key documents and policies, from the beginning until nowadays, in order to address as many of the challenges as possible in the international security environment, in an attempt to create a better world, demonstrating the important role of SecretariesGeneral in the evolution and development of the organization.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128556962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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