Background: Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalized patients have been evaluated through clinical examinations and paraclinical tests to inform initial management. The primary aim of this study was to use the NEWS2 score to assess the prognosis of vaccinated and unvaccinated COVID-19 inpatients in the medical department of HIA OBO. Patients and Methods: This retrospective, descriptive, monocentric assessment was carried out for a period of 15 months (September 1, 2021 to January 30, 2022) with a total of 219 patients included. Results: The most represented age group in the study was 40-64 years (43%), with a median age of 60 years. Non-vaccinated patients accounted for 90% of the study population. Comorbidities were present in 71% of patients and mainly consisted of arterial hypertension (40%), diabetes (17.8%), heart disease (8.25%), and COPD (2.7%). The most commonly observed clinical symptoms were asthenia and fever in 72.47% of patients, followed by cough in 65.13%. The NEWS2 score, which was used to assess the prognosis of COVID-19 inpatients, was high in 16% of cases, moderate in 76% of cases, and low in 1% of cases. Conclusion: The results of our study indicate similarities in clinical forms of COVID-19 between unvaccinated and vaccinated patients. Additionally, the NEWS2 score was a valuable tool for assessing patient prognosis upon admission and optimizing therapeutic management.
{"title":"Assessing the Predictive Power of NEWS2 Score in Vaccinated and Non-Vaccinated COVID-19 Inpatients at Omar BONGO ONDIMBA Armed Forces Training Hospital","authors":"Berthe A. Iroungou, Fresnel Elenga Ngadoua","doi":"10.47363/jpr/2023(5)154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jpr/2023(5)154","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalized patients have been evaluated through clinical examinations and paraclinical tests to inform initial management. The primary aim of this study was to use the NEWS2 score to assess the prognosis of vaccinated and unvaccinated COVID-19 inpatients in the medical department of HIA OBO. Patients and Methods: This retrospective, descriptive, monocentric assessment was carried out for a period of 15 months (September 1, 2021 to January 30, 2022) with a total of 219 patients included. Results: The most represented age group in the study was 40-64 years (43%), with a median age of 60 years. Non-vaccinated patients accounted for 90% of the study population. Comorbidities were present in 71% of patients and mainly consisted of arterial hypertension (40%), diabetes (17.8%), heart disease (8.25%), and COPD (2.7%). The most commonly observed clinical symptoms were asthenia and fever in 72.47% of patients, followed by cough in 65.13%. The NEWS2 score, which was used to assess the prognosis of COVID-19 inpatients, was high in 16% of cases, moderate in 76% of cases, and low in 1% of cases. Conclusion: The results of our study indicate similarities in clinical forms of COVID-19 between unvaccinated and vaccinated patients. Additionally, the NEWS2 score was a valuable tool for assessing patient prognosis upon admission and optimizing therapeutic management.","PeriodicalId":253047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133661884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood is one of the most important biological tools in forensic medicine used to resolve and investigate crime-related cases because it contains useful details. It entails an analysis of various aspects of bloodstains that contribute to the clarification of some violent criminal cases. The knowledge of forensic medicine is essential to provide answers about a series of events and mechanisms of the creation of specific groups of bloodstains on the crime scene. This includes investigation towards the analysis of bloodstains. This knowledge enables the interpretation of results and makes it possible to get closer to the truth, solve particular crimes and ensure accuracy in the legal determination of criminal offences which helps in a proper penalty when making a judgment for the offender
{"title":"Blood as an Important Tool in Forensic Medicine in Sub-Saharan Africa: Nigeria as a Perception","authors":"Patrick Olarewaju Osho, Precious Gbajuola Joy","doi":"10.47363/jpr/2023(5)155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jpr/2023(5)155","url":null,"abstract":"Blood is one of the most important biological tools in forensic medicine used to resolve and investigate crime-related cases because it contains useful details. It entails an analysis of various aspects of bloodstains that contribute to the clarification of some violent criminal cases. The knowledge of forensic medicine is essential to provide answers about a series of events and mechanisms of the creation of specific groups of bloodstains on the crime scene. This includes investigation towards the analysis of bloodstains. This knowledge enables the interpretation of results and makes it possible to get closer to the truth, solve particular crimes and ensure accuracy in the legal determination of criminal offences which helps in a proper penalty when making a judgment for the offender","PeriodicalId":253047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125012024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a nosocomial pathogen that often develops multidrug resistance. Treating P. aeruginosa infection can be difficult, high cost with high mortality rate. Novel treatment is needed to handle this common clinically encountered issue. Recent research has suggested that Essential Oils (EOs) have the potential to act as antibiotics on P. aeruginosa by inhibiting the formation of biofilms and the functions of efflux pumps. Because of lower cost, EOs have huge potential for developing countries and underdeveloped area. Innovative therapeutic technologies, such as nano-encapsulation of EOs, have been utilized to enhance EOs’ effectiveness. This review summarizes the mechanisms of EOs in P. aeruginosa treatments, the current application of EOs, and future developments of EOs in and beyond clinical practice.
{"title":"Antimicrobial Effects of Essential Oils on Pseudomonas Aeruginosa","authors":"Qinya Yi, Jilun Zhang, Dityuk Ai","doi":"10.47363/jpr/2022(4)152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jpr/2022(4)152","url":null,"abstract":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a nosocomial pathogen that often develops multidrug resistance. Treating P. aeruginosa infection can be difficult, high cost with high mortality rate. Novel treatment is needed to handle this common clinically encountered issue. Recent research has suggested that Essential Oils (EOs) have the potential to act as antibiotics on P. aeruginosa by inhibiting the formation of biofilms and the functions of efflux pumps. Because of lower cost, EOs have huge potential for developing countries and underdeveloped area. Innovative therapeutic technologies, such as nano-encapsulation of EOs, have been utilized to enhance EOs’ effectiveness. This review summarizes the mechanisms of EOs in P. aeruginosa treatments, the current application of EOs, and future developments of EOs in and beyond clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":253047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120881397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Underlying Humanities in a Molecular Cell","authors":"Mukhopadhyay Ak","doi":"10.47363/jpr/2022(4)153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jpr/2022(4)153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":253047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114401050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Adrenal myelolipoma is a rare urological lesion, benign in nature, and composed of a variable mixture of mature adipose and hematopoietic elements. The true incidence of these tumours is not well known. Despite their benign biology, these lesions can be a cause of dilemma for a urologist; we describe a case of incidental diagnosis of adrenal myelolipoma in a patient who presented with upper abdominal pain and reviews the literature on its aetiology, diagnosis, and management. Finally, the optimal treatment for myelolipoma depends on the size and symptoms of the mass and the needs of the patient. Case Report: Here we present a case of a 60-year-old female who presented with chronic left-sided flank pain and right upper abdomen that had been worsening over the past three weeks. Conclusion: Myelolipoma is a rare, non-functional, benign tumour. Patients having high blood pressure don't respond well to antihypertensive. They respond effectively to the medication after the removal of the tumour. So we recommend that all patients with myelolipoma not responding well to non-surgical management should plan for surgery for a better outcome.
{"title":"Adrenal Myelolipoma. An Interesting Case Report","authors":"M. Aslam, Maikal Kujur, M. Ahamad","doi":"10.47363/jpr/2022(4)151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jpr/2022(4)151","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Adrenal myelolipoma is a rare urological lesion, benign in nature, and composed of a variable mixture of mature adipose and hematopoietic elements. The true incidence of these tumours is not well known. Despite their benign biology, these lesions can be a cause of dilemma for a urologist; we describe a case of incidental diagnosis of adrenal myelolipoma in a patient who presented with upper abdominal pain and reviews the literature on its aetiology, diagnosis, and management. Finally, the optimal treatment for myelolipoma depends on the size and symptoms of the mass and the needs of the patient. Case Report: Here we present a case of a 60-year-old female who presented with chronic left-sided flank pain and right upper abdomen that had been worsening over the past three weeks. Conclusion: Myelolipoma is a rare, non-functional, benign tumour. Patients having high blood pressure don't respond well to antihypertensive. They respond effectively to the medication after the removal of the tumour. So we recommend that all patients with myelolipoma not responding well to non-surgical management should plan for surgery for a better outcome.","PeriodicalId":253047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130031999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the improvement in survival of pediatric patients with rhabdomyosarcoma, the outcome of patients with sinonasal rhabdomyosarcoma is poor and has not significantly changed. We report the case of a 22-year-old patient diagnosed with sinonasal rhabdomyosarcoma, with determining the prognostic factors and the therapeutic measures.
{"title":"Sinonasal Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Rare Tumor with a Poor Prognosis","authors":"N. Benkhraba, Oussama Elamraoui","doi":"10.47363/jpr/2022(4)150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jpr/2022(4)150","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the improvement in survival of pediatric patients with rhabdomyosarcoma, the outcome of patients with sinonasal rhabdomyosarcoma is poor and has not significantly changed. We report the case of a 22-year-old patient diagnosed with sinonasal rhabdomyosarcoma, with determining the prognostic factors and the therapeutic measures.","PeriodicalId":253047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124518712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oral sub mucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic, insidious, disabling disease of oral mucosa, oropharynx, and rarely, the larynx affecting millions of people worldwide with a prevalence rate of 0.4% in Indian rural population. It results in difficulty in the mouth opening and can be disabling to the patient. It needs a timely diagnosis and thus appropriate treatment can be administered depending on the degree of involvement. A case of oral sub mucous fibrosis occurring in a 55 year old male patient is presented in this article.
{"title":"A Case on Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF)","authors":"Nikhil Kumar Gautam","doi":"10.47363/jpr/2022(4)148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jpr/2022(4)148","url":null,"abstract":"Oral sub mucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic, insidious, disabling disease of oral mucosa, oropharynx, and rarely, the larynx affecting millions of people worldwide with a prevalence rate of 0.4% in Indian rural population. It results in difficulty in the mouth opening and can be disabling to the patient. It needs a timely diagnosis and thus appropriate treatment can be administered depending on the degree of involvement. A case of oral sub mucous fibrosis occurring in a 55 year old male patient is presented in this article.","PeriodicalId":253047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123164368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Penile cancer is not common in developed countries, although it is common in some Latin American countries. It is related to cervical cancer, it has two independent cancer pathways, according to its link or not, with HPV. Therefore, it is relevant to promote vaccination in young men. Given the clinical / oncological management has new treatment proposals based on immunotherapy (IT), which favors preservation of the organ, the pathology reports must be increasingly strict in terms of classification, Immunohistochemical (IHC) markers, and therapeutic strategies. Objectives: To assess the perspective on the use of established HPV and IT IHC markers to establish the relevance of their use; determine the specificity and sensitivity of the markers through IHC. Materials and methods: 27 samples of penile cancer were evaluated, from patients from Paraguay, who underwent HPV IHC and IT to establish their relevance with 16 markers. Results: The IHQ markers: MCM2, MDM2 and HSP-27 were very significant in the cancer / HPV ratio; PDL-1, CD4, CD8 and B7H3 were relevant for IT. According to our results, we recommend the HSP-27 and the B7H3 as markers. Conclusion: The management of samples and histopathological typing should be performed by experienced pathologists in the pathogenesis, classification and therapeutic of penile cancer. It remains to unveil its real practical use, the degree of participation of agents and or cofactors, the local and systemic immune response, new drugs and vaccine efficacy. We suggest expanding the number of cases to confirm these results.
{"title":"Relevance and Limitations in the Expression of Immunotherapy IHC Markers in Penile Cancer (HPV Male Vaccine). An Outcome in Evolution","authors":"Ghirardi Graciela Rosa, Carmelo Caballero","doi":"10.47363/jpr/2022(4)149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jpr/2022(4)149","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Penile cancer is not common in developed countries, although it is common in some Latin American countries. It is related to cervical cancer, it has two independent cancer pathways, according to its link or not, with HPV. Therefore, it is relevant to promote vaccination in young men. Given the clinical / oncological management has new treatment proposals based on immunotherapy (IT), which favors preservation of the organ, the pathology reports must be increasingly strict in terms of classification, Immunohistochemical (IHC) markers, and therapeutic strategies. Objectives: To assess the perspective on the use of established HPV and IT IHC markers to establish the relevance of their use; determine the specificity and sensitivity of the markers through IHC. Materials and methods: 27 samples of penile cancer were evaluated, from patients from Paraguay, who underwent HPV IHC and IT to establish their relevance with 16 markers. Results: The IHQ markers: MCM2, MDM2 and HSP-27 were very significant in the cancer / HPV ratio; PDL-1, CD4, CD8 and B7H3 were relevant for IT. According to our results, we recommend the HSP-27 and the B7H3 as markers. Conclusion: The management of samples and histopathological typing should be performed by experienced pathologists in the pathogenesis, classification and therapeutic of penile cancer. It remains to unveil its real practical use, the degree of participation of agents and or cofactors, the local and systemic immune response, new drugs and vaccine efficacy. We suggest expanding the number of cases to confirm these results.","PeriodicalId":253047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128420392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Cutaneous malignancies are in the rise worldwide. They include basal cell carcinomas (BCC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and Malignant Melanoma (MM). Advance age and exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays are among the most important risk factors associated with skin malignancies, although various other factors are also implicated.
{"title":"Cutaneous Malignant Tumors: Clinico-Pathological Study in Bahrain","authors":"Maryam Fadhel Hammad, Mohammed Alfardan","doi":"10.47363/jpr/2022(4)146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jpr/2022(4)146","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cutaneous malignancies are in the rise worldwide. They include basal cell carcinomas (BCC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and Malignant Melanoma (MM). Advance age and exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays are among the most important risk factors associated with skin malignancies, although various other factors are also implicated.","PeriodicalId":253047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131632071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The authors describe a potentially rare case of acute mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus in a pediatric patient. Gastric volvulus is a rare cause of non-bilious vomiting involving rotation of the stomach around its axis and has its peak incidence in the fifth decade of life. Acute gastric volvulus is a life-threatening, requires a high index of suspicion with prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent significant morbidity and mortality.
{"title":"Acute Paediatric Gastric Volvulus Case Report","authors":"Blades Ca, F. W.","doi":"10.47363/jpr/2022(4)147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jpr/2022(4)147","url":null,"abstract":"The authors describe a potentially rare case of acute mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus in a pediatric patient. Gastric volvulus is a rare cause of non-bilious vomiting involving rotation of the stomach around its axis and has its peak incidence in the fifth decade of life. Acute gastric volvulus is a life-threatening, requires a high index of suspicion with prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent significant morbidity and mortality.","PeriodicalId":253047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129276098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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