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2020 6th IEEE Congress on Information Science and Technology (CiSt)最新文献

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Topology optimization problem using domain decomposition method based Lagrange multipliers 基于拉格朗日乘子的区域分解拓扑优化问题
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357322
Ouafaa Raibi, A. Makrizi
Topology optimization has received recently a widespread fame in industry as well as in academia for its importance in determining the best distribution of materiel within a structure during its conceptual design stage. Several approaches have been proposed in this field but the resulted in programming models are computationally expensive and restrictive for large structures, domain decomposition methods are shown to be efficient to handle such issue. In this work a new formulation of topology optimization is presented. We reformulate the minimum compliance problem using domain decomposition method based Lagrange multipliers where both the objective function and the constraint are divided into several sub-problems then we prove the equivalence between the global problem and the decomposed one.
拓扑优化由于其在结构概念设计阶段确定材料在结构内的最佳分布的重要性,最近在工业界和学术界都得到了广泛的关注。在这一领域已经提出了几种方法,但所得到的规划模型计算量大且对大型结构有限制,区域分解方法被证明是处理这类问题的有效方法。本文提出了一种新的拓扑优化公式。利用基于拉格朗日乘子的区域分解方法将最小柔度问题重新表述,将目标函数和约束分解为若干子问题,并证明了全局问题与分解后的子问题的等价性。
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引用次数: 0
Highly Fast Text Segmentation With Pairwise Markov Chains 基于成对马尔可夫链的快速文本分割
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357304
E. Azeraf, E. Monfrini, Emmanuel Vignon, W. Pieczynski
Natural Language Processing (NLP) models' current trend consists of using increasingly more extra-data to build the best models as possible. It implies more expensive computational costs and training time, difficulties for deployment, and worries about these models' carbon footprint reveal a critical problem in the future. Against this trend, our goal is to develop NLP models requiring no extra-data and minimizing training time. To do so, in this paper, we explore Markov chain models, Hidden Markov Chain (HMC) and Pairwise Markov Chain (PMC), for NLP segmentation tasks. We apply these models for three classic applications: POS Tagging, Named-Entity-Recognition, and Chunking. We develop an original method to adapt these models for text segmentation's specific challenges to obtain relevant performances with very short training and execution times. PMC achieves equivalent results to those obtained by Conditional Random Fields (CRF), one of the most applied models for these tasks when no extra-data are used. Moreover, PMC has training times 30 times shorter than the CRF ones, which validates this model given our objectives.
自然语言处理(NLP)模型目前的趋势是使用越来越多的额外数据来构建尽可能好的模型。这意味着更昂贵的计算成本和训练时间,部署的困难,以及对这些模型碳足迹的担忧,揭示了未来的一个关键问题。针对这种趋势,我们的目标是开发不需要额外数据和最小化训练时间的NLP模型。为此,在本文中,我们探索了用于NLP分割任务的马尔可夫链模型,隐马尔可夫链(HMC)和成对马尔可夫链(PMC)。我们将这些模型应用于三个经典应用:POS标记、命名实体识别和分块。我们开发了一种新颖的方法,使这些模型适应文本分割的特定挑战,以非常短的训练和执行时间获得相关的性能。PMC可以获得与条件随机场(CRF)相同的结果,条件随机场是在不使用额外数据的情况下这些任务中最常用的模型之一。此外,PMC的训练时间比CRF的训练时间短30倍,根据我们的目标,这验证了该模型。
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引用次数: 3
BCI: Classifiers Optimization for EEG Signals Acquiring in Real-Time 脑电信号实时采集的分类器优化
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357209
Said Abenna, M. Nahid, A. Bajit
The topic of this article is for the development of the new high-performance BCI systems, and in this regard we have integrated optimization algorithms in basic BCI system at the level of the classification algorithms to improve the performance of the system recognition as illustrates the section of results. The optimizes were also programmed to work collectively in order to reach the maximum value of accuracy in a short period of time. This position can also be extended to include improving the system rest, algorithms of the selection features, algorithms of frequency and spatial filters, algorithms of the best electrodes selection.
本文的主题是针对新型高性能BCI系统的开发,在这方面,我们在基本BCI系统的分类算法层面集成了优化算法,以提高系统识别的性能,如结果部分所示。优化还被编程为集体工作,以便在短时间内达到最大的精度值。这个位置也可以扩展到包括改进系统休息,选择特征的算法,频率和空间滤波器的算法,最佳电极选择的算法。
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引用次数: 2
Design and Implementation of a Social Distancing and Contact Tracing Wearable 社交距离和接触追踪可穿戴设备的设计与实现
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357203
Y. Verbelen, S. Kaluvan, Ulrike Haller, Morgan J. Boardman, Tom B. Scott
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic early 2020 has presented humanity with the unprecedented challenge to tackle a global health emergency that spreads through close social contact on an overpopulated planet. After easing nationwide lockdown measures, and with socio-economic activities starting to normalise, there is an increased awareness for the importance of social distancing to prevent further spreading of the virus. The implementation of a contact tracing system to identify infected individuals and isolate them from society through rapid quarantining requires technological assistance on a scale that does not yet exist. In an effort to solve the problem, a novel design of a social distancing and contact tracing wearable is presented. The wearable uses RF communication both to exchange information with other devices, and to estimate proximity to each other. The demonstrated prototype shows the successful implementation of a highly autonomous, user friendly, robust, and technically capable wearable that can be deployed in critical environments where social distancing is difficult or impossible to enforce.
2020年初新冠肺炎大流行的爆发,给人类带来了前所未有的挑战,即在一个人口过剩的星球上,应对通过密切社会接触传播的全球卫生紧急情况。在全国范围内放松封锁措施后,随着社会经济活动开始正常化,人们越来越意识到保持社交距离对防止病毒进一步传播的重要性。实施接触者追踪系统以识别受感染个体并通过快速隔离将其与社会隔离,需要目前尚不存在的大规模技术援助。为了解决这一问题,提出了一种新型的社交距离和接触追踪可穿戴设备。可穿戴设备使用射频通信与其他设备交换信息,并估计彼此的接近程度。演示的原型显示了一种高度自主、用户友好、强大且技术能力强的可穿戴设备的成功实现,可以部署在难以或不可能实施社交距离的关键环境中。
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引用次数: 7
Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Online Learning Platform - A Study Of A Google Cloud Learning System 在线学习平台的有效性评估——b谷歌云学习系统的研究
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357311
Abderrahman Jaize, A. Hajami, Abdelhak Annajar, Aissam Jadli
The improvement in assessment is an obligation when relating to any technological lesson. This study has only one goal: to get more information from applying a formative assessment system using an e-learning tool called Qwiklabs in our University Hassan I. Having in plain sight the necessity of being very active in the classroom and based on a combination of a self-learning process and a social cognitive approach, these students get the time to give thought to the feedback and their execution (metacognition). The Google Developers Ecosystem wants to train students on some of its products. As part of that ecosystem, we proposed to implement a series of monthly hands-on labs while using texts, description, pictures, videos, hints, rewards, and quizzes through the Qwiklabs platform, which is the main Google Developers contribution, this platform will provide sufficient feedback as a follow-up to the student's attempts. While giving the students access to the platform, they receive at each lesson a new identification that offers the system the possibility to monitor the students' performance and achievements through every experience, while having a scoring system that allows measuring the users understanding and verifying the proper execution of the lesson's steps.
当涉及到任何技术课程时,评估的改进是一种义务。这项研究只有一个目标:在我们的哈桑i大学使用名为Qwiklabs的电子学习工具应用形成性评估系统获得更多信息。在课堂上非常活跃的必要性显而易见,并且基于自我学习过程和社会认知方法的结合,这些学生有时间思考反馈和他们的执行(元认知)。谷歌开发者生态系统希望培训学生使用它的一些产品。作为这个生态系统的一部分,我们建议通过Qwiklabs平台,在使用文本、描述、图片、视频、提示、奖励和测验的同时,实施一系列每月的动手实验,这是谷歌开发者的主要贡献,这个平台将提供足够的反馈,作为学生尝试的后续行动。在给学生访问平台的同时,他们在每节课上都会收到一个新的识别,这使得系统可以通过每次体验来监控学生的表现和成就,同时有一个评分系统,可以衡量用户对课程步骤的理解和验证是否正确执行。
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引用次数: 0
Joint Intent Detection and Slot Filling via CNN-LSTM-CRF 基于CNN-LSTM-CRF的联合意图检测与缝隙填充
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357183
Bamba Kane, Fabio Rossi, Ophélie Guinaudeau, V. Chiesa, Ilhem Quénel, S. Chau
Intent detection and slot filling are two main tasks in the domain of Spoken Language Understanding (SLU). The methods employed may treat the intent detection and slot filling as two independent tasks or use a joint model. Using a joint model takes into account the cross impact between the two tasks. In this article, we introduce CoBiC a new model combining CNN (Convolutional Neural Network), Bidirectional LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) and CRF (Conditional Random Field) to extract the intents and the related slots. The same architecture of CoBiC can either be used as an independent model or joint model for intent detection and slot filling. Our method improves the state-of-the-art results on ATIS (Airline Travel Information Systems) benchmark. We also apply our model on a private dataset consisting of clients requests to a vocal assistant. The results demonstrate that CoBiC has strong generalization capability.
意图检测和槽位填充是口语理解领域的两个主要任务。所采用的方法可以将意图检测和槽位填充作为两个独立的任务或使用联合模型。使用联合模型考虑到两个任务之间的交叉影响。在本文中,我们引入了一种结合CNN(卷积神经网络)、Bidirectional LSTM(长短期记忆)和CRF(条件随机场)的CoBiC模型来提取意图和相关槽。同样的CoBiC架构既可以作为独立模型,也可以作为联合模型用于意图检测和槽填充。我们的方法改进了ATIS(航空旅行信息系统)基准的最新结果。我们还将我们的模型应用于一个私人数据集,该数据集由客户对语音助理的请求组成。结果表明,CoBiC具有较强的泛化能力。
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引用次数: 4
Deep learning for recommendation systems 推荐系统的深度学习
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357241
Badiâa Dellal-Hedjazi, Z. Alimazighi
Faced with the ever-increasing complexity, volume and dynamism of online information, recommendation systems are among the solutions that anticipate the needs of users and offer them items (articles, products, web pages, etc.) that they are likely to appreciate. Unlike traditional recommendation models, deep learning offers a better understanding of user requests, characteristics of objects, historical interactions between them and it can process massive amounts of data. In this work we realize a recommendation system based on MLP deep learning adapted to data already defined by their characteristics. In addition to the use of deep learning, we offer a new hybrid recommendation system solution between the demographic approach and the content-based approach in order to eliminate the limits of each and to combine their strengths, through a deep neural network that harnesses the mass of data.” Experimentation with our approach has produced good results in terms of accuracy and speed, whether through the use of deep learning or the hybridization of content-based and demographic filtering, which is a particular case of collaborative filtering.
面对不断增加的复杂性、数量和动态的在线信息,推荐系统是预测用户需求并为他们提供他们可能会欣赏的项目(文章、产品、网页等)的解决方案之一。与传统的推荐模型不同,深度学习可以更好地理解用户请求、对象特征、它们之间的历史交互,并且可以处理大量数据。在这项工作中,我们实现了一个基于MLP深度学习的推荐系统,该系统适用于已经根据其特征定义的数据。除了使用深度学习之外,我们还提供了一种新的混合推荐系统解决方案,结合了人口统计方法和基于内容的方法,通过利用大量数据的深度神经网络,消除了每种方法的局限性,并结合了它们的优势。”我们的方法的实验在准确性和速度方面都取得了良好的结果,无论是通过使用深度学习还是基于内容和人口统计过滤的混合,这是协同过滤的一个特殊情况。
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引用次数: 2
Building Information Modeling (BIM) barriers in Africa versus global challenges 非洲的建筑信息模型(BIM)障碍与全球挑战
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357248
Hanane Bouhmoud, D. Loudyi
Considering the significant operational and economic potential of Building Information Modeling (BIM), many countries have already set fundamental strategies toward its implementation including developing common BIM standards and guidelines leading to enhancing the productivity of Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry and driving noticeable optimizations. However, despite the AEC industry development worldwide, several recent studies revealed that the level of BIM adoption in Africa is the lowest comparing to other continents. This paper aims to identify, classify and prioritize the barriers hindering BIM adoption and implementation in African countries through a literature review of existing challenges in African countries compared to countries in other continents. As result, this study reveals that Africa is facing further challenges that confine BIM technology to early stages of adoption.
考虑到建筑信息模型(BIM)的巨大运营和经济潜力,许多国家已经为其实施制定了基本战略,包括制定通用的BIM标准和指导方针,从而提高建筑、工程和建筑(AEC)行业的生产力,并推动显著的优化。然而,尽管AEC行业在全球范围内发展,但最近的几项研究显示,与其他大洲相比,非洲的BIM采用水平是最低的。本文旨在通过对非洲国家与其他大陆国家相比现有挑战的文献综述,识别、分类和优先考虑阻碍BIM在非洲国家采用和实施的障碍。因此,这项研究表明,非洲正面临着进一步的挑战,这些挑战将BIM技术限制在早期采用阶段。
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引用次数: 6
Using decision trees to learn ontology taxonomies from relational databases 使用决策树从关系数据库中学习本体分类
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357191
Sara Sbai, Oussama Chabih, Mohammed Reda Chbihi Louhdi, Hicham Behja, E. Zemmouri, B. Trousse
Relational databases are widely used; they are at the backend of the majority of information systems. However, these databases are semantically poor. To solve this issue, it is necessary to build ontologies. In this paper, we propose an automatic approach to learn ontologies from relational databases by using classification techniques, more specifically decision trees. Finally, we evaluate our approach by conducting tests and comparing our results with results from previous works. The results were satisfactory in terms of extracting taxonomies from relational databases.
关系数据库被广泛使用;它们位于大多数信息系统的后端。然而,这些数据库在语义上很差。为了解决这个问题,有必要构建本体。在本文中,我们提出了一种通过使用分类技术,更具体地说是决策树,从关系数据库中自动学习本体的方法。最后,我们通过进行测试并将我们的结果与先前工作的结果进行比较来评估我们的方法。在从关系数据库中提取分类法方面,结果令人满意。
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引用次数: 1
Joint use of 5G waveform UFMC and Non Uniform Constellations in DVB-T2 5G波形UFMC和非均匀星座在DVB-T2中的联合使用
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357176
Anne-Carole Honfoga, M. Dossou, Péniel Dassi, V. Moeyaert
The Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial, second generation (DVB-T2) system has been the object of many research during the last decade and is now mature. This paper focuses on the identification of the maximum obtainable performance improvement of DVB-T2 CP-OFDM with NUCs in typical TU6 fading environment. It first concentrates on the ultimate improvement achievable using joint UFMC and NUCs in standardized DVB-T2 system. In these conditions, a 0.5 dB SNR improvement (for $text{BER}=3.10^{-3}$) is reported in TU6 using CP-OFDM NUC 32K 256-QAM and $text{CR}=1/2$ and 3/5 in place of sole CP-OFDM. Also, using in conjunction both studied technologies, namely UFMC NUC $32K$ 256-QAM $text{CR}=1/2$ and 3/5, an SNR improvement of 1.2 dB (for $text{BER}=3.10^{-3}$) is achievable which provides a good SNR margin e.g. to increase the emitter's coverage.
数字视频广播-地面,第二代(DVB-T2)系统在过去十年中一直是许多研究的对象,现在已经成熟。本文主要研究了在典型的TU6衰落环境下,带NUCs的DVB-T2 CP-OFDM可获得的最大性能改进。它首先集中讨论了在标准化DVB-T2系统中使用UFMC和NUCs联合实现的最终改进。在这些条件下,在TU6中使用CP-OFDM NUC 32K 256-QAM和$text{CR}=1/2$和3/5代替单独的CP-OFDM,信噪比提高了0.5 dB(对于$text{BER}=3.10^{-3}$)。此外,结合使用两种研究的技术,即UFMC NUC $32K$ 256-QAM $text{CR}=1/2$和3/5,可以实现1.2 dB的信噪比改进(对于$text{BER}=3.10^{-3}$),从而提供良好的信噪比边际,例如增加发射器的覆盖范围。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2020 6th IEEE Congress on Information Science and Technology (CiSt)
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