Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch3
A. Životić
{"title":"Yugoslavia, the Middle East and Creation of the Non-Aligned Movement","authors":"A. Životić","doi":"10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":255304,"journal":{"name":"The 60th Anniversary of the Non-Aligned Movement","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127832158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch10
Sanja Jelisavac Trošić
{"title":"The Non-Aligned Movement Fight for the New International Economic Order","authors":"Sanja Jelisavac Trošić","doi":"10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":255304,"journal":{"name":"The 60th Anniversary of the Non-Aligned Movement","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122456895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch21
Beatriz Bissio
: In the first post-war decades, in the second half of the 20 th century, when anti-colonialist consciousness and the construction of new states was advancing in Africa and Asia, seeking their own autonomous space in the bipolar world of the time, Latin America turned to the study of the problems of underdevelopment and sought ways to overcome them. This gap in interests and the hemispheric security doctrine imposed by the United States partly explains the initial lack of support from Latin American countries for the Non-Alignment proposal. Brazil was no exception, but it always maintained an active and proactive stance on economic issues, which led to a de facto rapprochement with the NAM postulates. Brazil’s boldest foreign policy stance was adopted in the 21 st century when progressive governments led by the Workers’ Party committed themselves to the BRICS strategy. That audacity explains much of what the country is experiencing at the moment due to the strong reaction that this initiative provoked in Washington and the domestic ruling classes.
{"title":"Brazil and the Non-Aligned Movement: Parallel Paths, Common Goals","authors":"Beatriz Bissio","doi":"10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch21","url":null,"abstract":": In the first post-war decades, in the second half of the 20 th century, when anti-colonialist consciousness and the construction of new states was advancing in Africa and Asia, seeking their own autonomous space in the bipolar world of the time, Latin America turned to the study of the problems of underdevelopment and sought ways to overcome them. This gap in interests and the hemispheric security doctrine imposed by the United States partly explains the initial lack of support from Latin American countries for the Non-Alignment proposal. Brazil was no exception, but it always maintained an active and proactive stance on economic issues, which led to a de facto rapprochement with the NAM postulates. Brazil’s boldest foreign policy stance was adopted in the 21 st century when progressive governments led by the Workers’ Party committed themselves to the BRICS strategy. That audacity explains much of what the country is experiencing at the moment due to the strong reaction that this initiative provoked in Washington and the domestic ruling classes.","PeriodicalId":255304,"journal":{"name":"The 60th Anniversary of the Non-Aligned Movement","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114069478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch1
Jovan Čavoški
{"title":"The Evolution of the NAM’s Role in World Affairs During the Cold War Decades","authors":"Jovan Čavoški","doi":"10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":255304,"journal":{"name":"The 60th Anniversary of the Non-Aligned Movement","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127771729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch24
Amr Aljowaily
{"title":"Adjusting the NAM to New Global Realities: Employing Institutional Memory and Exploring Best Practices","authors":"Amr Aljowaily","doi":"10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":255304,"journal":{"name":"The 60th Anniversary of the Non-Aligned Movement","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126402744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch27
J. Kunić
{"title":"The Non-Aligned Policy in Contemporary International Relations — A View from Slovenia","authors":"J. Kunić","doi":"10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch27","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":255304,"journal":{"name":"The 60th Anniversary of the Non-Aligned Movement","volume":"357 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114838476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch2
L. Dimić
: In the present paper, the author examines the evolution of the foreign policy orientation of socialist Yugoslavia at the very beginning of the creation of the Non-Aligned Movement. The analysis uses primary and secondary sources, based on which it can be concluded that the foreign policy stance of Yugoslavia in the time of Josip Broz Tito had a clear ideological basis to answer the key problems of the then world. At the same time, Yugoslavia had the political power to actively and peacefully take over the role of a leader in a movement whose outlines were only in sight at the time of the Belgrade Summit of non-aligned countries. At that moment, non-alignment seemed to the author to be “politics with the future”.
{"title":"Josip Broz Tito and the Beginnings of the Non-Aligned Movement","authors":"L. Dimić","doi":"10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch2","url":null,"abstract":": In the present paper, the author examines the evolution of the foreign policy orientation of socialist Yugoslavia at the very beginning of the creation of the Non-Aligned Movement. The analysis uses primary and secondary sources, based on which it can be concluded that the foreign policy stance of Yugoslavia in the time of Josip Broz Tito had a clear ideological basis to answer the key problems of the then world. At the same time, Yugoslavia had the political power to actively and peacefully take over the role of a leader in a movement whose outlines were only in sight at the time of the Belgrade Summit of non-aligned countries. At that moment, non-alignment seemed to the author to be “politics with the future”.","PeriodicalId":255304,"journal":{"name":"The 60th Anniversary of the Non-Aligned Movement","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114735675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch23
Dragan Bisenić
: Six decades after the First Conference of Non-Aligned Countries in Belgrade and three decades after the end of the Cold War, we have the opportunity to summarise the development of the Movement in its two basic phases: during the bipolar Cold War confrontation and the turbulent period after the collapse of the Eastern Bloc and the Soviet Union. The very fact that the Non-Aligned Movement managed to survive in two rather contradictory environments – the one for which it was formed and the other which is its formal negation – is impressive enough. Like other multilateral treaties and organisations, the Non-Aligned Movement faces uncertainties and seeks a new identity. The same is now happening with NATO, the European Union (EU), the Council of Europe and the CSCE (OSCE). With the exception of the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement is the broadest and most effective international political movement with as many as 120 member states.
{"title":"An Exit from Contradictions in the Post-Cold War Development of the Non-Aligned Movement","authors":"Dragan Bisenić","doi":"10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch23","url":null,"abstract":": Six decades after the First Conference of Non-Aligned Countries in Belgrade and three decades after the end of the Cold War, we have the opportunity to summarise the development of the Movement in its two basic phases: during the bipolar Cold War confrontation and the turbulent period after the collapse of the Eastern Bloc and the Soviet Union. The very fact that the Non-Aligned Movement managed to survive in two rather contradictory environments – the one for which it was formed and the other which is its formal negation – is impressive enough. Like other multilateral treaties and organisations, the Non-Aligned Movement faces uncertainties and seeks a new identity. The same is now happening with NATO, the European Union (EU), the Council of Europe and the CSCE (OSCE). With the exception of the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement is the broadest and most effective international political movement with as many as 120 member states.","PeriodicalId":255304,"journal":{"name":"The 60th Anniversary of the Non-Aligned Movement","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127153358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch7
Xinyao Liu, Hongwei Fan
: China has always been supportive and sympathetic to the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) and its main initiatives over six decades. Very little scholarly attention was accepted by the history of China-NAM relations and the understanding of Chinese foreign policy towards the NAM since its inception in 1961 remains incomplete. Based on People’s Daily ( Renmin ribao ), China’s most influential official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), this article tends to fill the gap between scholarly works on the PRC’s diplomatic history. By tracing the dynamics of China and NAM interactions under each demarcated period, this article aims to generate a brief review of the evolution of Chinese policies towards the NAM from 1961 to 2021.
{"title":"Chinese Policies Towards the Non-Aligned Movement","authors":"Xinyao Liu, Hongwei Fan","doi":"10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch7","url":null,"abstract":": China has always been supportive and sympathetic to the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) and its main initiatives over six decades. Very little scholarly attention was accepted by the history of China-NAM relations and the understanding of Chinese foreign policy towards the NAM since its inception in 1961 remains incomplete. Based on People’s Daily ( Renmin ribao ), China’s most influential official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), this article tends to fill the gap between scholarly works on the PRC’s diplomatic history. By tracing the dynamics of China and NAM interactions under each demarcated period, this article aims to generate a brief review of the evolution of Chinese policies towards the NAM from 1961 to 2021.","PeriodicalId":255304,"journal":{"name":"The 60th Anniversary of the Non-Aligned Movement","volume":"56 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133086914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch11
Duško Lopandić, Ratomir Milikić
: The authors are discussing a Cold-War evolution of relations between post-war Yugoslavia and two Western European regional organisations, the Council of Europe and the European Economic Community. The two relationships appear to have been meaningful, yet of fluctuating intensity. What substantially shaped them was a strategic focus on non-alignment by the Yugoslav government and the country’s president for life, Josip Broz. While relations with the Council of Europe unfolded largely in the political sphere, ties and contractual relationships between the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and European communities were linked closely to the country’s economic interests (trade, finances, etc.). Together with the internal system, it constituted a considerable limiting factor when, after the death of Tito, global changes across Europe prompted a debate on the prospects of Yugoslavia’s potential membership of those organisations.
{"title":"The Impact of Policy of Non-Alignment on Yugoslavia’s Status in Western European Integrations","authors":"Duško Lopandić, Ratomir Milikić","doi":"10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18485/iipe_60nam.2021.ch11","url":null,"abstract":": The authors are discussing a Cold-War evolution of relations between post-war Yugoslavia and two Western European regional organisations, the Council of Europe and the European Economic Community. The two relationships appear to have been meaningful, yet of fluctuating intensity. What substantially shaped them was a strategic focus on non-alignment by the Yugoslav government and the country’s president for life, Josip Broz. While relations with the Council of Europe unfolded largely in the political sphere, ties and contractual relationships between the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and European communities were linked closely to the country’s economic interests (trade, finances, etc.). Together with the internal system, it constituted a considerable limiting factor when, after the death of Tito, global changes across Europe prompted a debate on the prospects of Yugoslavia’s potential membership of those organisations.","PeriodicalId":255304,"journal":{"name":"The 60th Anniversary of the Non-Aligned Movement","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125581137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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