Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICATM.1998.688164
P. Cuenca, R. Casado, A. Garrido, F. Quiles, L. Orozco-Barbosa
Different performance studies have been made in the literature with cell discarding mechanism using analytical traffic models. The performance of these discarding schemes is strongly affected by the traffic model used. Hence, it is very important to study the performance of cell discarding mechanisms using real traffic statistics. In this paper simulation experiments are conducted to study the performance of the different cell discarding mechanisms, in terms of QoS, when used in an ATM switch supporting hierarchical encoded VBR MPEG-2 video traffic, from a number of independent video sources. Moreover, we explore how the temporal properties of this video traffic, and in particular the alignments between different sources affect network performance when many video traffic streams are multiplexed onto a single channel.
{"title":"Performance evaluation of cell discarding mechanisms for hierarchical VBR MPEG-2 video traffic over ATM networks","authors":"P. Cuenca, R. Casado, A. Garrido, F. Quiles, L. Orozco-Barbosa","doi":"10.1109/ICATM.1998.688164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICATM.1998.688164","url":null,"abstract":"Different performance studies have been made in the literature with cell discarding mechanism using analytical traffic models. The performance of these discarding schemes is strongly affected by the traffic model used. Hence, it is very important to study the performance of cell discarding mechanisms using real traffic statistics. In this paper simulation experiments are conducted to study the performance of the different cell discarding mechanisms, in terms of QoS, when used in an ATM switch supporting hierarchical encoded VBR MPEG-2 video traffic, from a number of independent video sources. Moreover, we explore how the temporal properties of this video traffic, and in particular the alignments between different sources affect network performance when many video traffic streams are multiplexed onto a single channel.","PeriodicalId":257298,"journal":{"name":"1998 1st IEEE International Conference on ATM. ICATM'98","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126399319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICATM.1998.688207
M. Shore, J. Veronneau, T. Parker, D. Cogger
Cells in frames is a technology developed at Cornell University in conjunction with members of the CIF Alliance which provides a mechanism for running complete ATM protocol stacks, along with service quality guarantees, on legacy, frame-based networking hardware such as Ethernet or token ring. The CIF protocol also provides for the use of variable-length ATM packets, potentially reducing the cell tax overhead frequently identified as an inefficiency in the ATM cell format. Because CIF provides access to the full ATM stack, it can be thought of as a frame-based PHY layer. In this paper we will discuss the rationale for developing cells in frames, the protocol and frame format, and our experience with the technology. We will pay particular attention to performance, particularly in the contexts of desktop operating systems such as MacOS and Windows 95/NT and of multimedia data transport. While CIF has received some attention in the literature, this paper presents the first published results of a CIF implementation.
{"title":"Cells in frames: ATM over legacy networks","authors":"M. Shore, J. Veronneau, T. Parker, D. Cogger","doi":"10.1109/ICATM.1998.688207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICATM.1998.688207","url":null,"abstract":"Cells in frames is a technology developed at Cornell University in conjunction with members of the CIF Alliance which provides a mechanism for running complete ATM protocol stacks, along with service quality guarantees, on legacy, frame-based networking hardware such as Ethernet or token ring. The CIF protocol also provides for the use of variable-length ATM packets, potentially reducing the cell tax overhead frequently identified as an inefficiency in the ATM cell format. Because CIF provides access to the full ATM stack, it can be thought of as a frame-based PHY layer. In this paper we will discuss the rationale for developing cells in frames, the protocol and frame format, and our experience with the technology. We will pay particular attention to performance, particularly in the contexts of desktop operating systems such as MacOS and Windows 95/NT and of multimedia data transport. While CIF has received some attention in the literature, this paper presents the first published results of a CIF implementation.","PeriodicalId":257298,"journal":{"name":"1998 1st IEEE International Conference on ATM. ICATM'98","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130644246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICATM.1998.688183
Timothy K. Lu
Existing information-modeling techniques are based on a bottom-up approach and often deal with a single technology, however, they have failed to yield an adequate operation model to support multi-technology-based communications networks in the real world. As ATM technology is introduced into interoffice backbone networks and xDSL-based access networks, it becomes increasingly difficult to manage these coexisting, multi-technology-based networks without a better NM (network management) information modeling technique. The standard telecommunications management network model divides network management functions into five management layers and five function areas. It separates service-oriented management functions from technological dependency and implementation specifics. This separation provides the necessary freedom for new technologies and innovative ideas to be introduced rapidly for new services. This paper suggests using a top-down approach. By using both an abstractive service profile and a detailed, corresponding line profile we could link upper-layer service functions and low-layer detailed attributes to each access line together harmoniously. With this approach operations interfaces may be simplified and an open interface between OSS (operations support system) and the EMS (element management system) may also become feasible.
{"title":"A top-down operations model for ADSL and ATM based access networks","authors":"Timothy K. Lu","doi":"10.1109/ICATM.1998.688183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICATM.1998.688183","url":null,"abstract":"Existing information-modeling techniques are based on a bottom-up approach and often deal with a single technology, however, they have failed to yield an adequate operation model to support multi-technology-based communications networks in the real world. As ATM technology is introduced into interoffice backbone networks and xDSL-based access networks, it becomes increasingly difficult to manage these coexisting, multi-technology-based networks without a better NM (network management) information modeling technique. The standard telecommunications management network model divides network management functions into five management layers and five function areas. It separates service-oriented management functions from technological dependency and implementation specifics. This separation provides the necessary freedom for new technologies and innovative ideas to be introduced rapidly for new services. This paper suggests using a top-down approach. By using both an abstractive service profile and a detailed, corresponding line profile we could link upper-layer service functions and low-layer detailed attributes to each access line together harmoniously. With this approach operations interfaces may be simplified and an open interface between OSS (operations support system) and the EMS (element management system) may also become feasible.","PeriodicalId":257298,"journal":{"name":"1998 1st IEEE International Conference on ATM. ICATM'98","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132494838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICATM.1998.688189
J. Bom, P. Marques, M. Correia, P. Pinto
Network technology is becoming simpler in order to support the widest possible range of user applications. Therefore, the specific requirements of each application must be performed outside of the network and the adaptation mechanisms should be done by the applications. For the case of multimedia applications the programming a task can even be more simplified if several "low-level" aspects can be made transparent by the use of a suitable framework. This paper presents such a framework with some algorithms to control some of the previous aspects, namely data handling and dynamic QoS control. It provides the application with a mechanism to constantly adapt the quality of the continuous media being transmitted. The algorithm takes into account not only the network conditions but the end host conditions as well. Some experiments are presented.
{"title":"QoS control: an application integrated framework","authors":"J. Bom, P. Marques, M. Correia, P. Pinto","doi":"10.1109/ICATM.1998.688189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICATM.1998.688189","url":null,"abstract":"Network technology is becoming simpler in order to support the widest possible range of user applications. Therefore, the specific requirements of each application must be performed outside of the network and the adaptation mechanisms should be done by the applications. For the case of multimedia applications the programming a task can even be more simplified if several \"low-level\" aspects can be made transparent by the use of a suitable framework. This paper presents such a framework with some algorithms to control some of the previous aspects, namely data handling and dynamic QoS control. It provides the application with a mechanism to constantly adapt the quality of the continuous media being transmitted. The algorithm takes into account not only the network conditions but the end host conditions as well. Some experiments are presented.","PeriodicalId":257298,"journal":{"name":"1998 1st IEEE International Conference on ATM. ICATM'98","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134500796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICATM.1998.688170
M. Zukerman, T.K. Lee
A new adaptive measurement-based connection admission control (CAC) for ATM networks is proposed. Several CAC methods are considered, and the efficiency/complexity trade-off is studied. In all methods, when a new call arrives, the CAC makes a decision to accept or reject the call according to a novel procedure for free bandwidth evaluation. This procedure is based on online measurements and on an adaptive feedback mechanism. The most complex CAC scheme involves keeping records of the total amount of work that has arrived for every single connection during its entire duration and the use of a "warming up period" for conservative CAC operation. Also multiple time-scale histograms keep track of the aggregate traffic per link. In the simpler CAC scheme, different aspects of this complex approach are simplified. Simulation results based on real VBR traces demonstrate that a utilization level of over 70% can be achieved without the need for call-by-call measurements and use of the "warming up period".
{"title":"A measurement based connection admission control for ATM networks","authors":"M. Zukerman, T.K. Lee","doi":"10.1109/ICATM.1998.688170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICATM.1998.688170","url":null,"abstract":"A new adaptive measurement-based connection admission control (CAC) for ATM networks is proposed. Several CAC methods are considered, and the efficiency/complexity trade-off is studied. In all methods, when a new call arrives, the CAC makes a decision to accept or reject the call according to a novel procedure for free bandwidth evaluation. This procedure is based on online measurements and on an adaptive feedback mechanism. The most complex CAC scheme involves keeping records of the total amount of work that has arrived for every single connection during its entire duration and the use of a \"warming up period\" for conservative CAC operation. Also multiple time-scale histograms keep track of the aggregate traffic per link. In the simpler CAC scheme, different aspects of this complex approach are simplified. Simulation results based on real VBR traces demonstrate that a utilization level of over 70% can be achieved without the need for call-by-call measurements and use of the \"warming up period\".","PeriodicalId":257298,"journal":{"name":"1998 1st IEEE International Conference on ATM. ICATM'98","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133897512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICATM.1998.688165
Y. Ouyang, J.L. Sun
This paper presents a new flow control scheme based on multiple leaky buckets (MLB) for MPEG video in ATM networks. A basic assumption was made that not all MPEG traffic sources simultaneously generate data at their maximum rate. Unlike the conventional leaky bucket (LB), the leaky rate and buffer capacity of all LBs are shared in the same virtual path. In our mechanism, the leaky rate and buffer capacity of each LB is dynamically adjusted based on the buffer occupancy. To validate the performance of our mechanisms, sixteen real world MPEG-I traffic traces were used in our experiment. The simulation results show that the cell loss rate tended to decrease while the number of traffic sources increased. Moreover, the cell loss rate had three to more than one thousand times improvement compared to the conventional leaky bucket method.
{"title":"Multiple leaky buckets with buffer sharing for MPEG video in ATM networks","authors":"Y. Ouyang, J.L. Sun","doi":"10.1109/ICATM.1998.688165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICATM.1998.688165","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new flow control scheme based on multiple leaky buckets (MLB) for MPEG video in ATM networks. A basic assumption was made that not all MPEG traffic sources simultaneously generate data at their maximum rate. Unlike the conventional leaky bucket (LB), the leaky rate and buffer capacity of all LBs are shared in the same virtual path. In our mechanism, the leaky rate and buffer capacity of each LB is dynamically adjusted based on the buffer occupancy. To validate the performance of our mechanisms, sixteen real world MPEG-I traffic traces were used in our experiment. The simulation results show that the cell loss rate tended to decrease while the number of traffic sources increased. Moreover, the cell loss rate had three to more than one thousand times improvement compared to the conventional leaky bucket method.","PeriodicalId":257298,"journal":{"name":"1998 1st IEEE International Conference on ATM. ICATM'98","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127618178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICATM.1998.688204
J. Lee
We propose a home PC architecture that takes advantage of MPEG-2 over ATM hardware. The home PC has an ATM bearer capability, MPEG-2 decoding function for high quality audio-visual services embedded in an add-on board, classical IP functions for data service and a native ATM function for a real time video-telephony service. The proposed home PC architecture can be used as an entertainment device, individual information gatekeeper, and an interactive communications tool.
{"title":"A design and implementation of home PC for interactive multimedia services","authors":"J. Lee","doi":"10.1109/ICATM.1998.688204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICATM.1998.688204","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a home PC architecture that takes advantage of MPEG-2 over ATM hardware. The home PC has an ATM bearer capability, MPEG-2 decoding function for high quality audio-visual services embedded in an add-on board, classical IP functions for data service and a native ATM function for a real time video-telephony service. The proposed home PC architecture can be used as an entertainment device, individual information gatekeeper, and an interactive communications tool.","PeriodicalId":257298,"journal":{"name":"1998 1st IEEE International Conference on ATM. ICATM'98","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126647626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICATM.1998.688159
J. Fornés, J. A. Ternero, F. R. Rubio
Available bit rate (ABR) service may be used by applications which expect cell loss guarantees, but can control their data dynamically as demanded by the network. The introduction of variable bit rate (VBR) background traffic makes ABR capacity variable. A video aggregation system can adapt the traffic from several Moving Picture Expert Group (MPEG) sources as a bundle to the ABR on the network, obtaining an homogeneous image quality among all the video sequences, discarding the less-relevant information of each source according to image quality.
{"title":"MPEG video aggregation over ABR-ATM","authors":"J. Fornés, J. A. Ternero, F. R. Rubio","doi":"10.1109/ICATM.1998.688159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICATM.1998.688159","url":null,"abstract":"Available bit rate (ABR) service may be used by applications which expect cell loss guarantees, but can control their data dynamically as demanded by the network. The introduction of variable bit rate (VBR) background traffic makes ABR capacity variable. A video aggregation system can adapt the traffic from several Moving Picture Expert Group (MPEG) sources as a bundle to the ABR on the network, obtaining an homogeneous image quality among all the video sequences, discarding the less-relevant information of each source according to image quality.","PeriodicalId":257298,"journal":{"name":"1998 1st IEEE International Conference on ATM. ICATM'98","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127009143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICATM.1998.688190
A. Diniz, C. C. Goulart, J. Nogueira
This paper describes a prototype implementation of a dynamic bandwidth allocation service for ATM-based networks. The major purpose of this service is to increase resource utilization in a network supporting multimedia applications. The implementation was made using an API (application user interface) compatible with UNI version 3.0. The implementation consists of a set of primitives and their related PDU (protocol data units). Some measurements were done using the prototype implementation in order to observe the behavior of renegotiation rejections with respect to some parameters, such as node capacity, level of reservations, number of nodes and so on. The results here shown that the dynamic bandwidth allocation service can be used to increase resource utilization and, at the same time, to provide a high level of guarantee to the accepted connections.
{"title":"A dynamic bandwidth allocation service for ATM-based networks supporting multimedia applications","authors":"A. Diniz, C. C. Goulart, J. Nogueira","doi":"10.1109/ICATM.1998.688190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICATM.1998.688190","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a prototype implementation of a dynamic bandwidth allocation service for ATM-based networks. The major purpose of this service is to increase resource utilization in a network supporting multimedia applications. The implementation was made using an API (application user interface) compatible with UNI version 3.0. The implementation consists of a set of primitives and their related PDU (protocol data units). Some measurements were done using the prototype implementation in order to observe the behavior of renegotiation rejections with respect to some parameters, such as node capacity, level of reservations, number of nodes and so on. The results here shown that the dynamic bandwidth allocation service can be used to increase resource utilization and, at the same time, to provide a high level of guarantee to the accepted connections.","PeriodicalId":257298,"journal":{"name":"1998 1st IEEE International Conference on ATM. ICATM'98","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125080189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICATM.1998.688157
B. Cornaglia, R. Santaniello, R. Leonardi, R. Lo Cigno, M. Meo, F. Neri, D. Saracino
The paper presents a study of LMDS systems in a multi-service traffic scenario. LMDS systems provide broadband wireless access from several multimedia user interfaces to a central node. A number of slotted radio channels are available to accommodate requests of transmission to and from user interfaces. The paper proposes resource allocation strategies for multi-service traffic scenarios, and signalling procedures for the interactions between central node and user interfaces. A possible traffic scenario is described for which a simulation-based performance study is performed. Our results show that a reasonably large number of users can be served by the considered system with acceptable service quality.
{"title":"LMDS systems: a possible solution for wireless ATM access networks","authors":"B. Cornaglia, R. Santaniello, R. Leonardi, R. Lo Cigno, M. Meo, F. Neri, D. Saracino","doi":"10.1109/ICATM.1998.688157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICATM.1998.688157","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a study of LMDS systems in a multi-service traffic scenario. LMDS systems provide broadband wireless access from several multimedia user interfaces to a central node. A number of slotted radio channels are available to accommodate requests of transmission to and from user interfaces. The paper proposes resource allocation strategies for multi-service traffic scenarios, and signalling procedures for the interactions between central node and user interfaces. A possible traffic scenario is described for which a simulation-based performance study is performed. Our results show that a reasonably large number of users can be served by the considered system with acceptable service quality.","PeriodicalId":257298,"journal":{"name":"1998 1st IEEE International Conference on ATM. ICATM'98","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124761288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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