Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9780691201900-016
{"title":"Acknowledgemens","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9780691201900-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691201900-016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":258572,"journal":{"name":"Arts and Minds","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132156457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9780691201900-007
{"title":"5. The Greatest Beauty for the Greatest Number","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9780691201900-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691201900-007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":258572,"journal":{"name":"Arts and Minds","volume":"339 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122972946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9780691201900-020
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9780691201900-020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691201900-020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":258572,"journal":{"name":"Arts and Minds","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126889575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9780691201900-fm
{"title":"Frontmatter","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9780691201900-fm","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691201900-fm","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":258572,"journal":{"name":"Arts and Minds","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132258547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9780691201900-013
{"title":"11. Rise of the Managers","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9780691201900-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691201900-013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":258572,"journal":{"name":"Arts and Minds","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133351767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9780691201900-017
{"title":"Abbreviations","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9780691201900-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691201900-017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":258572,"journal":{"name":"Arts and Minds","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126494505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter illustrates the eighteenth century as an age of improvement in which letters of scholars criss-crossed Europe and North America, even India or China, in an active pursuit and sharing of knowledge. It talks about the scholar's letters that transcended all political and social barriers and confirmed to a specific agenda set by Francis Bacon, an English politician and philosopher of the early seventeenth century. It also discusses the “Baconian programme,” which was aimed to accumulate and rigorously test knowledge. The chapter highlights the Baconian obsession with collection and cataloguing that was applied beyond natural philosophy, to history, archaeology, and ancient languages. It also mentions the founding of the “Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge” in 1660, as well as the establishment of the “Académie des Sciences” in France.
这一章说明了18世纪是一个进步的时代，在这个时代，学者们的信件纵横于欧洲和北美，甚至印度或中国，积极追求和分享知识。它讲述了这位学者的信件，这些信件超越了所有政治和社会障碍，并证实了17世纪早期英国政治家和哲学家弗朗西斯·培根(Francis Bacon)设定的特定议程。它还讨论了旨在积累和严格测试知识的“培根计划”。这一章强调了培根对收集和编目的痴迷，这种痴迷不仅适用于自然哲学，还适用于历史、考古学和古代语言。它还提到了1660年“伦敦皇家自然知识促进学会”的成立，以及法国“academie des Sciences”的成立。
{"title":"Patrons of the Nation","authors":"A. Howes","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvs32sb8.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvs32sb8.5","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter illustrates the eighteenth century as an age of improvement in which letters of scholars criss-crossed Europe and North America, even India or China, in an active pursuit and sharing of knowledge. It talks about the scholar's letters that transcended all political and social barriers and confirmed to a specific agenda set by Francis Bacon, an English politician and philosopher of the early seventeenth century. It also discusses the “Baconian programme,” which was aimed to accumulate and rigorously test knowledge. The chapter highlights the Baconian obsession with collection and cataloguing that was applied beyond natural philosophy, to history, archaeology, and ancient languages. It also mentions the founding of the “Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge” in 1660, as well as the establishment of the “Académie des Sciences” in France.","PeriodicalId":258572,"journal":{"name":"Arts and Minds","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116975314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The chapter draws attention to the Anti-French sentiment in Britain that reached a fever pitch in 1756 when the two nations embarked on the Seven Years' War. It narrates how the Association of Anti-Gallicans, the Royal Society of Arts' predecessors, reacted to the declaration of war by seizing a couple of French ships and rescuing a handful of its English prisoners. It also describes how the Society used its premiums in order to secure essential materials for the waging of war, which often complemented the efforts of the government. The chapter identifies the members of the Society that were in close proximity to the centers of power and connected with the growing British state as officials and politicians or as merchants and manufacturers. It also mentions Stephen Hales, who suggested that naval improvements should be one of the Society's priorities.
1756年英法爆发“七年战争”时，英国国内的反法情绪达到了高潮。它讲述了英国皇家艺术协会的前身——反高卢人协会(Association of anti - gaulans)是如何对宣战做出反应的，他们扣押了几艘法国船只，解救了一些英国囚犯。它还描述了该协会如何利用其奖金来获得发动战争所需的基本物资，这通常是对政府努力的补充。这一章列出了与权力中心关系密切的协会成员，他们作为官员、政治家或商人和制造商，与不断壮大的英国国家有联系。它还提到了斯蒂芬·黑尔斯，他建议海军的改进应该是学会的优先事项之一。
{"title":"Peculiar Genius","authors":"A. Howes","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvs32sb8.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvs32sb8.7","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter draws attention to the Anti-French sentiment in Britain that reached a fever pitch in 1756 when the two nations embarked on the Seven Years' War. It narrates how the Association of Anti-Gallicans, the Royal Society of Arts' predecessors, reacted to the declaration of war by seizing a couple of French ships and rescuing a handful of its English prisoners. It also describes how the Society used its premiums in order to secure essential materials for the waging of war, which often complemented the efforts of the government. The chapter identifies the members of the Society that were in close proximity to the centers of power and connected with the growing British state as officials and politicians or as merchants and manufacturers. It also mentions Stephen Hales, who suggested that naval improvements should be one of the Society's priorities.","PeriodicalId":258572,"journal":{"name":"Arts and Minds","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132974808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-12DOI: 10.23943/PRINCETON/9780691182643.003.0006
A. Howes
This chapter describes the economic policy that the Royal Society of Arts has operated in since its founding in 1754. It describes the mercantilist operations of the Society in which they assumed that the most important matter in an economy was the amount of gold and silver it was able to obtain from its rivals. It also recounts how the Society encouraged industries to replace foreign imports and rewarded improvements that boosted exports, emphasizing that the more exports a country sold, the more gold and silver it acquired. The chapter looks into criticisms of the system of monopolies in the eighteenth century, arguing that monopolies allowed a handful of merchants to raise prices for consumers. It explains how the Society had tried to undercut the monopolists of domestic industries when it came to London's fishmongers or country millers.
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