System dynamics (SD) models have become an important tool to develop new theories in social sciences. This approach allows analysing science, technology and innovation (STI) policy within the structure of the system where this process is carried out. In this regard, the main objective of this research is two-fold. First, it aims to develop an SD model of a RIS in the case of emerging economies. Second, it aims to demonstrate how a set of STI indicators can be simulated with this model. In this paper, it is argued that STI indicators are needed to design a timely and accurate STI policy that support innovation activity at a regional level. However, the SD approach provides an adequate framework to integrate into the same analysis key institutions that support the generation and diffusion of technology and new knowledge. The case of the RIS of the province of Michoacan in Mexico is analysed in this paper.
Pub Date : 2015-02-24DOI: 10.1504/IJIRD.2015.067650
Agung Darono, D. Irawati
Providing straightforward and inexpensive public services is a necessity in public administration including in the field of tax administration. To simplify the tax administration process, the Indonesian Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) has initiated an electronic tax service project, e-tax service. This e-tax service consists of e-registration, e-payment and e-filing. Using institutional theory, this paper aims to study the process and the challenges in implementing the e-tax service in Indonesia. The findings show that institutional power and pressures, institutional settings, and institutional politics have affected the Indonesian tax authority's ability to deploy the e-tax system. Consequently, the e-tax initiative could not be fully implemented because of institutional setting and institutional politics.
{"title":"Service innovation in the complex environment of tax administration: the Indonesian public sector perspective","authors":"Agung Darono, D. Irawati","doi":"10.1504/IJIRD.2015.067650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIRD.2015.067650","url":null,"abstract":"Providing straightforward and inexpensive public services is a necessity in public administration including in the field of tax administration. To simplify the tax administration process, the Indonesian Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) has initiated an electronic tax service project, e-tax service. This e-tax service consists of e-registration, e-payment and e-filing. Using institutional theory, this paper aims to study the process and the challenges in implementing the e-tax service in Indonesia. The findings show that institutional power and pressures, institutional settings, and institutional politics have affected the Indonesian tax authority's ability to deploy the e-tax system. Consequently, the e-tax initiative could not be fully implemented because of institutional setting and institutional politics.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124958869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-24DOI: 10.1504/IJIRD.2015.067646
Natalia Irena Gust-Bardon
One of the major factors of Polish competitiveness - low-cost labour - has been eroded by the accession of newer European Union members wherein labour can be even twice as cheap. In the context of these circumstances and the changing nature of globalisation, in order for the Polish economy to enhance its competitiveness, it should be based on development of science, technology, and knowledge - the driving forces behind the innovative potential of modern economies. This paper deals with a structural and functional analysis of innovation systems, which allows identification of problems occurring within a system. Empirical research on the Polish innovation system leads to identification and evaluation of main actors, institutions, cooperation networks, and infrastructure supporting innovative activities. Several phenomena that inhibit the progress of Polish economic transformation towards an economy based on science, technology, and knowledge are then identified.
{"title":"The structural and functional analysis of innovation systems: outline of the Polish case","authors":"Natalia Irena Gust-Bardon","doi":"10.1504/IJIRD.2015.067646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIRD.2015.067646","url":null,"abstract":"One of the major factors of Polish competitiveness - low-cost labour - has been eroded by the accession of newer European Union members wherein labour can be even twice as cheap. In the context of these circumstances and the changing nature of globalisation, in order for the Polish economy to enhance its competitiveness, it should be based on development of science, technology, and knowledge - the driving forces behind the innovative potential of modern economies. This paper deals with a structural and functional analysis of innovation systems, which allows identification of problems occurring within a system. Empirical research on the Polish innovation system leads to identification and evaluation of main actors, institutions, cooperation networks, and infrastructure supporting innovative activities. Several phenomena that inhibit the progress of Polish economic transformation towards an economy based on science, technology, and knowledge are then identified.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127091918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-29DOI: 10.1504/IJIRD.2014.066584
M. Närvä, P. Belt, S. Kankaanpää
Small and medium–sized enterprises (SMEs) are fundamental to the welfare of regions. Innovativeness and efficient new product development (NPD) play an important role in firm development. The aim of this regional study is to clarify how NPD processes are organised in micro, small and medium–sized firms that manufacture machines for farming in a region, where farming forms the basis of a functioning food processing cluster. The study used semi–structured interviews to reveal the real status of NPD processes. It identified three main product development process types: non–formal, partly formal and formal. End users are seldom involved in assessing the ease of use of new products. Surprisingly, there was no clear relationship between the share of exports on one side and the formality of NPD processes or company size on the other.
{"title":"Product development in manufacturing SMEs in a rural area","authors":"M. Närvä, P. Belt, S. Kankaanpää","doi":"10.1504/IJIRD.2014.066584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIRD.2014.066584","url":null,"abstract":"Small and medium–sized enterprises (SMEs) are fundamental to the welfare of regions. Innovativeness and efficient new product development (NPD) play an important role in firm development. The aim of this regional study is to clarify how NPD processes are organised in micro, small and medium–sized firms that manufacture machines for farming in a region, where farming forms the basis of a functioning food processing cluster. The study used semi–structured interviews to reveal the real status of NPD processes. It identified three main product development process types: non–formal, partly formal and formal. End users are seldom involved in assessing the ease of use of new products. Surprisingly, there was no clear relationship between the share of exports on one side and the formality of NPD processes or company size on the other.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"31 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116650008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-29DOI: 10.1504/IJIRD.2014.066585
I. Lopes
Intellectual capital drivers emerge in the national and regional economies as a key source of integrated sustainability. The company analysed in the case study is the largest Portuguese agriculture, cattle, and forest farmstead, covering several marshlands. As the largest agricultural company, its primary mission is the cost effectiveness and efficient management of their agricultural and environmental heritage, in respect for biodiversity and for environmental values. Located in the region of Lisbon and Tagus valley, the diversity of their activities (forest exploration; hunting; agriculture; wines and olive oil production; and tourism) requires an integrated research towards the identification and disclosure of drivers that best contribute for company reputation and turnover. Through a descriptive and interpretive case study approach, a set of intellectual sustainability drivers (e.g., forest's certification, brands' certifications, commercial brands, commercial agreements, R&D projects, protected areas classification, etc.) were identified and categorised. All of them were aggregated in five categories, such as certification, brands and trademarks, awards, alliances and networks, and biodiversity reputation. As a regional and national source of economic development, that categorisation can also provide the basis for a theoretical framework towards the design of an intellectual sustainability scoreboard, applicable to similar organisations worldwide.
{"title":"The drivers of intellectual sustainability in a regional agriculture, cattle, and forest farmstead","authors":"I. Lopes","doi":"10.1504/IJIRD.2014.066585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIRD.2014.066585","url":null,"abstract":"Intellectual capital drivers emerge in the national and regional economies as a key source of integrated sustainability. The company analysed in the case study is the largest Portuguese agriculture, cattle, and forest farmstead, covering several marshlands. As the largest agricultural company, its primary mission is the cost effectiveness and efficient management of their agricultural and environmental heritage, in respect for biodiversity and for environmental values. Located in the region of Lisbon and Tagus valley, the diversity of their activities (forest exploration; hunting; agriculture; wines and olive oil production; and tourism) requires an integrated research towards the identification and disclosure of drivers that best contribute for company reputation and turnover. Through a descriptive and interpretive case study approach, a set of intellectual sustainability drivers (e.g., forest's certification, brands' certifications, commercial brands, commercial agreements, R&D projects, protected areas classification, etc.) were identified and categorised. All of them were aggregated in five categories, such as certification, brands and trademarks, awards, alliances and networks, and biodiversity reputation. As a regional and national source of economic development, that categorisation can also provide the basis for a theoretical framework towards the design of an intellectual sustainability scoreboard, applicable to similar organisations worldwide.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131866290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-29DOI: 10.1504/IJIRD.2014.066581
Anastasios G. Karamanos
This study examines how the pattern of a firm's alliance ego–network, as well as that of its partners, may have a contingent effect on the firm's patenting behaviour for exploratory and exploitative innovation. The research data came from 1894 strategic alliances by 455 biotechnology firms and their patents in the period 1986–1999. The study concluded that centrality in the whole alliance network is beneficial to patenting within many secondary classes (i.e., exploitative innovation) because it enables experiential search for knowledge, whereas a focal firm's partners' centrality is beneficial to patenting across many primary classes (exploratory innovation) because it enables cognitive search for knowledge. Experience in making alliances was also found to be significant for all types of innovation output, indicating that network pattern contingency and alliance experience as a capability have to be present simultaneously to deliver enhanced innovation performance.
{"title":"Exploratory and exploitative innovation performance contingent on alliance ego–network patterns","authors":"Anastasios G. Karamanos","doi":"10.1504/IJIRD.2014.066581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIRD.2014.066581","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines how the pattern of a firm's alliance ego–network, as well as that of its partners, may have a contingent effect on the firm's patenting behaviour for exploratory and exploitative innovation. The research data came from 1894 strategic alliances by 455 biotechnology firms and their patents in the period 1986–1999. The study concluded that centrality in the whole alliance network is beneficial to patenting within many secondary classes (i.e., exploitative innovation) because it enables experiential search for knowledge, whereas a focal firm's partners' centrality is beneficial to patenting across many primary classes (exploratory innovation) because it enables cognitive search for knowledge. Experience in making alliances was also found to be significant for all types of innovation output, indicating that network pattern contingency and alliance experience as a capability have to be present simultaneously to deliver enhanced innovation performance.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131116468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-29DOI: 10.1504/IJIRD.2014.066587
M. Proto, V. Lapenna
This work presents an analysis of the participation of the Basilicata region (Southern Italy) in the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7). Our study can be considered as a preliminary contribution to identifying the innovation pathway of the Basilicata region within the framework of the regional smart specialisation strategy and the European cohesion policy. The results show active participation yielding significant success for the Basilicata region in the FP7, notwithstanding the fact that it is classified as a 'moderate' innovator. Up to now, 45 projects have been funded; most of them focused on the space, environment and security sectors. The Basilicata R&D system's good performance using European resources could effectively direct regional policies to adopt key actions to stimulate the region's growth and innovative asset. It is indeed necessary to reinforce the synergies between academia, research centres and enterprises and to concentrate resources on a few key research and innovation priorities.
{"title":"The participation of the Basilicata region in the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Union: a contribution for the smart specialisation strategy","authors":"M. Proto, V. Lapenna","doi":"10.1504/IJIRD.2014.066587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIRD.2014.066587","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents an analysis of the participation of the Basilicata region (Southern Italy) in the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7). Our study can be considered as a preliminary contribution to identifying the innovation pathway of the Basilicata region within the framework of the regional smart specialisation strategy and the European cohesion policy. The results show active participation yielding significant success for the Basilicata region in the FP7, notwithstanding the fact that it is classified as a 'moderate' innovator. Up to now, 45 projects have been funded; most of them focused on the space, environment and security sectors. The Basilicata R&D system's good performance using European resources could effectively direct regional policies to adopt key actions to stimulate the region's growth and innovative asset. It is indeed necessary to reinforce the synergies between academia, research centres and enterprises and to concentrate resources on a few key research and innovation priorities.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130820867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-29DOI: 10.1504/IJIRD.2014.066583
Håkan Ylinenpää, Henry Tham, E. Johansson, M. Klofsten
In this article, we propose a framework for better understanding how structural change may be conceptualised and measured. In 2012, Oxford Research AB was assigned by the Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth to study the impact of EU structural funds on structural change. For this purpose, we have developed a framework for measuring structural change. The framework is deducted from previous research and highlights six factors depicted as critical for understanding structural change and policy interventions aiming to stimulate such a change: 1) changing the structure of regional business and industry; 2) strengthening the regional culture for entrepreneurship and innovation; 3) developing collaboration for development; 4) building a more effective support structure; 5) strengthening a region's infrastructure; 6) developing an attractive and pluralistic region. This article elaborates this research endeavour and discusses the empirical experiences gained from a first application and comprehensive test of the model.
{"title":"Measuring impact from policy interventions - a theoretical and practical framework depicting structural change","authors":"Håkan Ylinenpää, Henry Tham, E. Johansson, M. Klofsten","doi":"10.1504/IJIRD.2014.066583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIRD.2014.066583","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we propose a framework for better understanding how structural change may be conceptualised and measured. In 2012, Oxford Research AB was assigned by the Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth to study the impact of EU structural funds on structural change. For this purpose, we have developed a framework for measuring structural change. The framework is deducted from previous research and highlights six factors depicted as critical for understanding structural change and policy interventions aiming to stimulate such a change: 1) changing the structure of regional business and industry; 2) strengthening the regional culture for entrepreneurship and innovation; 3) developing collaboration for development; 4) building a more effective support structure; 5) strengthening a region's infrastructure; 6) developing an attractive and pluralistic region. This article elaborates this research endeavour and discusses the empirical experiences gained from a first application and comprehensive test of the model.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129327264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-06DOI: 10.1504/IJIRD.2014.064146
S. Battisti
Social innovation can be studied within living labs, where learning between organisations and users is supported through the use of technology. Living labs are considered innovation intermediaries in enabling the co-creation of solutions to cope with the user's needs. The fields of organisational innovation and user innovation can build an understanding about living labs and the process of introducing social innovation. The empirical field of this research is based on five living labs that are managed by public-private partnerships in the Trentino territory in Italy. This research proposes a micro-level process model for the development of social innovation within living labs. The model suggests that the interaction between organisations and users can be guaranteed through ambidexterity, learning, collaboration and empowerment. This research defines that social innovation in living labs (SILL) is an organisational form which is managed by public-private partnerships in order to conceive solutions that would address specific needs of citizens.
{"title":"Social innovation in living labs: the micro-level process model of public-private partnerships","authors":"S. Battisti","doi":"10.1504/IJIRD.2014.064146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIRD.2014.064146","url":null,"abstract":"Social innovation can be studied within living labs, where learning between organisations and users is supported through the use of technology. Living labs are considered innovation intermediaries in enabling the co-creation of solutions to cope with the user's needs. The fields of organisational innovation and user innovation can build an understanding about living labs and the process of introducing social innovation. The empirical field of this research is based on five living labs that are managed by public-private partnerships in the Trentino territory in Italy. This research proposes a micro-level process model for the development of social innovation within living labs. The model suggests that the interaction between organisations and users can be guaranteed through ambidexterity, learning, collaboration and empowerment. This research defines that social innovation in living labs (SILL) is an organisational form which is managed by public-private partnerships in order to conceive solutions that would address specific needs of citizens.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124220249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-06DOI: 10.1504/IJIRD.2014.064149
Martti Saarela, Eija-Riitta Niinikoski, M. Muhos
The aim of this study is to describe public business services (PBSs) for early-stage small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in northern sparsely populated areas (NSPAs) of Northern Finland. These areas face challenges of globalisation, structural changes and demographic change. PBSs of these areas face special challenges including limited resources, remoteness, heterogeneous customer base, and long distances. This study describes how PBSs are organised and what kind of services is available for early-stage technology intensive companies in the three case NSPAs. The focus is on analysis and comparison of the supply of public business services in the three subregions of Oulu South region. As a result of this multiple case study, the services for SMEs and especially for early-stage technology intensive SMEs within the NSPA context are clarified.
{"title":"Public business services fostering growth – case studies in northern sparsely populated areas","authors":"Martti Saarela, Eija-Riitta Niinikoski, M. Muhos","doi":"10.1504/IJIRD.2014.064149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIRD.2014.064149","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to describe public business services (PBSs) for early-stage small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in northern sparsely populated areas (NSPAs) of Northern Finland. These areas face challenges of globalisation, structural changes and demographic change. PBSs of these areas face special challenges including limited resources, remoteness, heterogeneous customer base, and long distances. This study describes how PBSs are organised and what kind of services is available for early-stage technology intensive companies in the three case NSPAs. The focus is on analysis and comparison of the supply of public business services in the three subregions of Oulu South region. As a result of this multiple case study, the services for SMEs and especially for early-stage technology intensive SMEs within the NSPA context are clarified.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130353793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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