Pub Date : 2016-01-06DOI: 10.1504/ijird.2015.074059
D. G. Omerzel
Organisational culture is an important dimension in the field of strategic management. This study begins by presenting different constructs and measures of organisational culture. The primary goal of this paper is to investigate the relations between organisational culture, innovation and performance in tourism firms. Recent studies reveal the importance of organisational culture and its influence on innovation and thus on business performance. In this context, the aim of this study is to identify the effects of organisational culture on business performance. To reach this aim, a questionnaire survey is administered in the tourism firms in Slovenia, a small Mediterranean country. The data were collected from 64 tourism firms and analysed using SPSS 19 and EQS 6, afterwards the hypotheses were tested employing multivariate data analyses techniques. The results suggest that power distance is negatively related, while individualism, uncertainty avoidance and empowerment are positively related to innovativeness. Findings also suggest that innovativeness has a significantly positive affect on firm performance. In terms of managerial implications, this study clarifies the role of organisational culture dimensions for the innovativeness and for firm performance. There is no doubt that managers should focus on the development of organisational culture to promote firm innovativeness and consecutively improve firm performance.
{"title":"Organisational culture dimensions as antecedents of innovation and performance in the tourism industry","authors":"D. G. Omerzel","doi":"10.1504/ijird.2015.074059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijird.2015.074059","url":null,"abstract":"Organisational culture is an important dimension in the field of strategic management. This study begins by presenting different constructs and measures of organisational culture. The primary goal of this paper is to investigate the relations between organisational culture, innovation and performance in tourism firms. Recent studies reveal the importance of organisational culture and its influence on innovation and thus on business performance. In this context, the aim of this study is to identify the effects of organisational culture on business performance. To reach this aim, a questionnaire survey is administered in the tourism firms in Slovenia, a small Mediterranean country. The data were collected from 64 tourism firms and analysed using SPSS 19 and EQS 6, afterwards the hypotheses were tested employing multivariate data analyses techniques. The results suggest that power distance is negatively related, while individualism, uncertainty avoidance and empowerment are positively related to innovativeness. Findings also suggest that innovativeness has a significantly positive affect on firm performance. In terms of managerial implications, this study clarifies the role of organisational culture dimensions for the innovativeness and for firm performance. There is no doubt that managers should focus on the development of organisational culture to promote firm innovativeness and consecutively improve firm performance.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125845074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-13DOI: 10.1504/IJIRD.2015.071089
N. Kavvadias, K. Masselos
HercuLeS is an extensible high-level synthesis environment for automatically mapping algorithms to hardware. It overcomes limitations of known work: insufficient representations, maintenance difficulties, necessity of code templates, lack of usage paradigms and vendor-dependence. Aspects that are highlighted include automatic IP integration and especially source- and intermediate-level optimising transformations. In this context, we present transformational patterns for loop and if-conversion optimisations. Further, we focus on constant multiplication and division by proposing a suitable scheme for their straightforward and decoupled utilisation in user applications. It is shown that loop optimisations provide benefits of up to 32% in cycle performance, while if-conversion delivers an average improvement of 6.5%. By applying arithmetic optimisations, a 3.3-5.9× speedup over sequential implementations is achieved. It is also shown that HercuLeS is highly competitive to state-of-the-art commercial tools.
{"title":"Source and IR-level optimisations in the HercuLeS high-level synthesis tool","authors":"N. Kavvadias, K. Masselos","doi":"10.1504/IJIRD.2015.071089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIRD.2015.071089","url":null,"abstract":"HercuLeS is an extensible high-level synthesis environment for automatically mapping algorithms to hardware. It overcomes limitations of known work: insufficient representations, maintenance difficulties, necessity of code templates, lack of usage paradigms and vendor-dependence. Aspects that are highlighted include automatic IP integration and especially source- and intermediate-level optimising transformations. In this context, we present transformational patterns for loop and if-conversion optimisations. Further, we focus on constant multiplication and division by proposing a suitable scheme for their straightforward and decoupled utilisation in user applications. It is shown that loop optimisations provide benefits of up to 32% in cycle performance, while if-conversion delivers an average improvement of 6.5%. By applying arithmetic optimisations, a 3.3-5.9× speedup over sequential implementations is achieved. It is also shown that HercuLeS is highly competitive to state-of-the-art commercial tools.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126259226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-13DOI: 10.1504/ijird.2015.071090
Kiriakos Patriarcheas, M. Xenos
This paper presents a system development approach for automated interpretation of discussion threads' messages in asynchronous distance education fora by using the content category as unit of analysis. This system introduce as inputs discussion threads from distance education fora and outputs strings representing the messages of these threads according to concrete modelling based in a formal language.
{"title":"The complexity of text-based computer mediated communication: a system for automated representation of discussion threads' messages in asynchronous distance education fora","authors":"Kiriakos Patriarcheas, M. Xenos","doi":"10.1504/ijird.2015.071090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijird.2015.071090","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a system development approach for automated interpretation of discussion threads' messages in asynchronous distance education fora by using the content category as unit of analysis. This system introduce as inputs discussion threads from distance education fora and outputs strings representing the messages of these threads according to concrete modelling based in a formal language.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126054879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-13DOI: 10.1504/ijird.2015.071091
Georgios Dimitriou, A. Tziouvaras
Computer architects have focused on advanced processor designs that achieve high performance through multiple cores and multiple threads, and at the same time keep power dissipation low. In this work, we propose a processor back end, specifically designed for rapid loop execution and low power dissipation. This back end consists of a network of functional unit nodes, in which instructions of the loop body are issued only once until loop completion. In this way, we exploit both instruction-level and data-flow parallelism. We attempt to decrease power consumption by turning off the front end and all unused functional units. Simulation results show that the proposed back end can accelerate Livermore loops by up to N/k, for a network of N units and loop body size of N instructions, and an issue rate of k instructions per cycle, when compared to scalar or superscalar RISC execution.
{"title":"A functional unit network for rapid, low-power loop execution","authors":"Georgios Dimitriou, A. Tziouvaras","doi":"10.1504/ijird.2015.071091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijird.2015.071091","url":null,"abstract":"Computer architects have focused on advanced processor designs that achieve high performance through multiple cores and multiple threads, and at the same time keep power dissipation low. In this work, we propose a processor back end, specifically designed for rapid loop execution and low power dissipation. This back end consists of a network of functional unit nodes, in which instructions of the loop body are issued only once until loop completion. In this way, we exploit both instruction-level and data-flow parallelism. We attempt to decrease power consumption by turning off the front end and all unused functional units. Simulation results show that the proposed back end can accelerate Livermore loops by up to N/k, for a network of N units and loop body size of N instructions, and an issue rate of k instructions per cycle, when compared to scalar or superscalar RISC execution.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132585874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-02DOI: 10.1504/ijird.2015.069707
Chiung-Wen Hsu, C. Tung
This study aims to design a regional innovation system model with three parts: innovation activities, innovation subjects during the innovation process, and innovation policies that promote interaction and exchange between innovation subjects and innovation activities. The results show that Tomsk's regional innovation system should include technology commercialisation through innovative invention based on collaboration with other regions to create market demand for high-tech innovation. This collaboration will trigger increased technology innovation.
{"title":"An open system view of the regional innovation system in Russia","authors":"Chiung-Wen Hsu, C. Tung","doi":"10.1504/ijird.2015.069707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijird.2015.069707","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to design a regional innovation system model with three parts: innovation activities, innovation subjects during the innovation process, and innovation policies that promote interaction and exchange between innovation subjects and innovation activities. The results show that Tomsk's regional innovation system should include technology commercialisation through innovative invention based on collaboration with other regions to create market demand for high-tech innovation. This collaboration will trigger increased technology innovation.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125267192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-02DOI: 10.1504/IJIRD.2015.069662
G. Ulusoy, Kemal Kılıç, Gürhan Günday, L. Alpkan
This paper offers a comprehensive model of determinants of innovativeness based on empirical data gathered from 184 manufacturing firms located in the Northern Marmara region in Turkey. As opposed to studies that establish a relationship between a limited set of antecedents and innovativeness, this study allows us to investigate the significance of an antecedent when compared to others. Such invaluable knowledge not only enables decision-makers to manage their innovation strategies but also provides a guideline for effective allocation of their limited resources to increase innovation. The analysis reveals that among all possible determinants considered, the highest impact on innovativeness is intellectual capital. This determinant is followed by organisational milieu that consists of the organisational structure and culture components. Path analyses for both of these major innovation determinants are investigated in detail. Some managerial implications are suggested.
{"title":"A determinants of innovativeness model for manufacturing firms","authors":"G. Ulusoy, Kemal Kılıç, Gürhan Günday, L. Alpkan","doi":"10.1504/IJIRD.2015.069662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIRD.2015.069662","url":null,"abstract":"This paper offers a comprehensive model of determinants of innovativeness based on empirical data gathered from 184 manufacturing firms located in the Northern Marmara region in Turkey. As opposed to studies that establish a relationship between a limited set of antecedents and innovativeness, this study allows us to investigate the significance of an antecedent when compared to others. Such invaluable knowledge not only enables decision-makers to manage their innovation strategies but also provides a guideline for effective allocation of their limited resources to increase innovation. The analysis reveals that among all possible determinants considered, the highest impact on innovativeness is intellectual capital. This determinant is followed by organisational milieu that consists of the organisational structure and culture components. Path analyses for both of these major innovation determinants are investigated in detail. Some managerial implications are suggested.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121602325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-02DOI: 10.1504/ijird.2015.069719
Satu Rinkinen
The concept of smart specialisation (SmSp) has attracted widespread attention in recent years in the European policy arena. This paper examines the SmSp concept and its characteristics in the context of Finnish regional innovation policy, comparing it with the centre of expertise program (CEP), a Finnish regional innovation initiative, to assess its novelty value. The findings indicate several similarities between the premises of the two approaches; the main differences lie in the respective regional strategy formation processes, and in the comprehensiveness of SmSp and CEP from a regional perspective. These results can be of use in planning future innovation policies and applying the SmSp approach in regions across Europe.
{"title":"Smart regional innovation policies - from cluster approaches to place-based policies","authors":"Satu Rinkinen","doi":"10.1504/ijird.2015.069719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijird.2015.069719","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of smart specialisation (SmSp) has attracted widespread attention in recent years in the European policy arena. This paper examines the SmSp concept and its characteristics in the context of Finnish regional innovation policy, comparing it with the centre of expertise program (CEP), a Finnish regional innovation initiative, to assess its novelty value. The findings indicate several similarities between the premises of the two approaches; the main differences lie in the respective regional strategy formation processes, and in the comprehensiveness of SmSp and CEP from a regional perspective. These results can be of use in planning future innovation policies and applying the SmSp approach in regions across Europe.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132947133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-02DOI: 10.1504/IJIRD.2015.069703
Nuno Carvalho, L. Carvalho, Sandra Nunes
Measuring the innovative performance of European Union (EU) is vital to assist in defining public policies that can contribute to stimulate innovation. This study aims to examine the socio-economic factors that contribute to the EU innovative performance. In order to validate the research, the empirical study uses two linear regressions, considering as dependent variables, respectively, the patents required and the percentage of innovative sales, with the objective of identifying the factors that most influence innovation outputs. This study concludes that the most important variables for innovative performance (measured as number of patents) are private R%D, percentage of innovative firms and public R%D. Additionally, the results can provide important clues to support the definition of public policies that can stimulate innovation.
{"title":"A methodology to measure innovation in European Union through the national innovation system","authors":"Nuno Carvalho, L. Carvalho, Sandra Nunes","doi":"10.1504/IJIRD.2015.069703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIRD.2015.069703","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring the innovative performance of European Union (EU) is vital to assist in defining public policies that can contribute to stimulate innovation. This study aims to examine the socio-economic factors that contribute to the EU innovative performance. In order to validate the research, the empirical study uses two linear regressions, considering as dependent variables, respectively, the patents required and the percentage of innovative sales, with the objective of identifying the factors that most influence innovation outputs. This study concludes that the most important variables for innovative performance (measured as number of patents) are private R%D, percentage of innovative firms and public R%D. Additionally, the results can provide important clues to support the definition of public policies that can stimulate innovation.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133661159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-24DOI: 10.1504/IJIRD.2015.067647
A. Spithoven
In a knowledge-based economy R%D activities are central. Since knowledge is more distributed, the need for networking between agents becomes essential. In innovation systems, all actors interact to source external knowledge, posing new challenges to science parks' missions. Networking leads to a new interpretation of the supporting role of science parks. Networking activities are largely localised and create hotspots for innovative activities. Science parks are among the most tangible strategic projects in science policy. This paper sheds light on the extent to which science parks help to favour technology transfer. Using firm level data, the role of science parks is screened. Especially high tech service companies are located on science parks, as are firms that deploy activities that are information intensive and science based. On-park firms refer to a larger extent to technology transfer linked drivers for their location, compared to off-park firms.
{"title":"Technology transfer as a driver for location of R&D active firms on science parks","authors":"A. Spithoven","doi":"10.1504/IJIRD.2015.067647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIRD.2015.067647","url":null,"abstract":"In a knowledge-based economy R%D activities are central. Since knowledge is more distributed, the need for networking between agents becomes essential. In innovation systems, all actors interact to source external knowledge, posing new challenges to science parks' missions. Networking leads to a new interpretation of the supporting role of science parks. Networking activities are largely localised and create hotspots for innovative activities. Science parks are among the most tangible strategic projects in science policy. This paper sheds light on the extent to which science parks help to favour technology transfer. Using firm level data, the role of science parks is screened. Especially high tech service companies are located on science parks, as are firms that deploy activities that are information intensive and science based. On-park firms refer to a larger extent to technology transfer linked drivers for their location, compared to off-park firms.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121185852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-24DOI: 10.1504/IJIRD.2015.067648
T. Sadek, R. Kleiman, R. Loutfy
The role of universities has evolved from its traditional focus on education and research to active participation in regional economic development. Technology transfer offices (TTOs) were created at Canadian universities to help regulate and monetise the transfer of knowledge created by the university researchers to the marketplace. In this paper, we examined the role TTOs can play in developing a new entrepreneurial ecosystem around mid-sized research universities, based on the perceptions and expectations of the key stakeholders, involved in the technology transfer process, about the role of TTOs, and if their role can help in developing entrepreneurial culture in their universities. We found that the ability of TTOs to effectively support the commercialisation of university research results is related to the existence of an entrepreneurial culture in the university. If the culture and an entrepreneurial ecosystem do not exist, the role TTOs can play is more limited to its well-established facilitation role. Our findings confirm that TTOs can play a critical role in coordinating different bottom-up initiatives to promote entrepreneurship, and in attracting and integrating new external resources to the university.
{"title":"The role of technology transfer offices in growing new entrepreneurial ecosystems around mid-sized universities","authors":"T. Sadek, R. Kleiman, R. Loutfy","doi":"10.1504/IJIRD.2015.067648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIRD.2015.067648","url":null,"abstract":"The role of universities has evolved from its traditional focus on education and research to active participation in regional economic development. Technology transfer offices (TTOs) were created at Canadian universities to help regulate and monetise the transfer of knowledge created by the university researchers to the marketplace. In this paper, we examined the role TTOs can play in developing a new entrepreneurial ecosystem around mid-sized research universities, based on the perceptions and expectations of the key stakeholders, involved in the technology transfer process, about the role of TTOs, and if their role can help in developing entrepreneurial culture in their universities. We found that the ability of TTOs to effectively support the commercialisation of university research results is related to the existence of an entrepreneurial culture in the university. If the culture and an entrepreneurial ecosystem do not exist, the role TTOs can play is more limited to its well-established facilitation role. Our findings confirm that TTOs can play a critical role in coordinating different bottom-up initiatives to promote entrepreneurship, and in attracting and integrating new external resources to the university.","PeriodicalId":260303,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128806277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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