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EXPLORATION ON LEGAL BASIS OF REASONABLE OPENING OF LIMITED SURROGACY IN CHINA 中国有限代孕合理开放的法律依据探讨
Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.26480/svs.01.2022.12.14
S. Li
Limited open surrogacy can help many couples of childbearing age solve their fertility problems, which aligns with the basic concept of fairness and justice. Facing the great demand for surrogacy and the chaotic underground surrogacy, China’s attitude toward banning surrogacy is worth pondering. China has permanently attached great importance to ethics, and the complete prohibition of surrogacy is not a good policy. The realization of limited legalized surrogacy needs regulation and the harm brought by limited legalized surrogacy can be avoided as much as possible by restricting the qualifications of the entrusting party, modifying the conditions of surrogate mothers, and strictly reviewing the surrogacy agreement.
有限的开放式代孕可以帮助许多育龄夫妇解决生育问题,这符合公平正义的基本理念。面对巨大的代孕需求和混乱的地下代孕,中国禁止代孕的态度值得深思。中国一直非常重视道德,完全禁止代孕并不是一个好政策。有限合法代孕的实现需要规范,通过限制委托方的资质、修改代孕妈妈的条件、严格审查代孕协议等措施,可以尽可能避免有限合法代孕带来的危害。
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引用次数: 0
UPSURGE IN ATTACK ON SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN NIGERIA, CAUSES, EFFECTS AND SOLUTIONS: IMPLICATIONS ON EDUCATIONAL ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION 尼日利亚中学袭击事件激增,原因、影响和解决办法:对教育评估和评价的影响
Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.26480/svs.01.2022.08.11
Eyong Emmanuel Ikpi
The role of secondary education in Nigeria cannot be undermined. This is due to the central position it occupies in the three tiers of education in Nigeria. It has been established that most students who cannot cope effectively in primary school education have the potential to strive efficiently in the secondary level of education. A child without a basis in secondary education cannot survive academically in tertiary education. This underscore why every effort must be put in place to harmonize a well-equipped secondary education in Nigeria. The persistent attack on secondary schools in Nigeria has attracted the attention of stakeholders in the academic environment which has attracted the need for this paper on the upsurge in attacks on secondary schools in Cross River State, Nigeria; causes effect and solution: Implication on assessment and evaluation. Owing the role of secondary education in Cross River State, Particularly in Nigeria. The continuous attack in the form of poor funding, lack of government attention, banditry attack, and issue in students’ seriousness has been a major cause for concern in recent times. The paper x-rayed the causes and possible solutions pointing to the implication of educational assessment and evaluation.
中等教育在尼日利亚的作用不容削弱。这是由于它在尼日利亚三级教育中占据中心位置。事实证明,大多数在小学教育中不能有效应对的学生有潜力在中学教育中有效地奋斗。没有中等教育基础的孩子无法在高等教育中取得学业上的成功。这强调了为什么必须尽一切努力来协调尼日利亚装备精良的中等教育。对尼日利亚中学的持续攻击引起了学术环境中利益相关者的注意,这引起了本文对尼日利亚克罗斯河州中学袭击事件激增的需要;原因、影响及对策:对考核评价的启示。鉴于中等教育在克罗斯河州,特别是在尼日利亚的作用。资金不足,政府不重视,盗匪袭击,学生的严肃性问题等形式的持续攻击,是近年来引起关注的主要原因。本文从教育评估与评价的内涵出发,探讨了教育评估与评价的成因及解决方法。
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引用次数: 0
LONELINESS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: ITS EFFECT ON THE TREND TOWARDS SMARTPHONE ADDICTION IN EARLY ADULTHOOD WHO WORKS FROM HOME COVID-19大流行期间的孤独感:对在家工作的成年早期智能手机成瘾趋势的影响
Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.26480/svs.01.2022.01.02
A. Rahayu, Tiara Rahmania
During the Covid-19 Pandemic, social restriction is one of the policies that the government enforces in suppressing the spread of Covid-19 cases. Thus, social life is drastically reduced. People who usually spend half of their time working at the office feel a significant difference. As a result of preliminary study, since the implementation of WFH, 60% of employees in X Inc. complained of getting lonely because they no longer have a fun social life. This study is a quantitative research that aims to determine the effect of loneliness on smartphone addiction in early adulthood who do the WFH during Covid-19 pandemic at X Inc. Data were collected via online questionnaires in two steps. The first one is pilot study (preliminary study), held in May 2021 (N=30; 56% women; age 20–27 years) and the field study held in June 2021 (N=56; 58% women; age 20–40 years). The data is being analyzed by simple linear regression. The data shows that the effect of loneliness on the tendency of smartphone addiction is 46.1%.
在新冠肺炎疫情期间,社会限制是政府遏制疫情传播的政策之一。因此,社会生活急剧减少。通常花一半时间在办公室工作的人感觉有很大的不同。据初步研究,自实施WFH以来,X公司60%的员工抱怨自己感到孤独,因为他们不再有有趣的社交生活。本研究是一项定量研究,旨在确定孤独感对X公司在Covid-19大流行期间进行WFH的成年早期智能手机成瘾的影响。通过在线问卷收集数据分为两步。第一个是试点研究(初步研究),于2021年5月进行(N=30;56%的女性;年龄20-27岁)和2021年6月进行的实地研究(N=56;58%的女性;年龄20-40岁)。这些数据正在用简单的线性回归分析。数据显示,孤独感对智能手机成瘾倾向的影响为46.1%。
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引用次数: 0
SETTLEMENT OF HUSBAND-WIFE AFFAIRS CASE ACCORDING TO CUSTOMARY LAW IN MEMPURA DISTRICT, SIAK SRI INDRAPURA REGENCY 根据习惯法解决曼普拉县夫妻事务案件
Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.26480/svs.01.2022.03.07
E. Deliana, Muhammad A. Rauf
Customary law is a rule of law that has been passed down from generation to generation in an indigenous community. Like the rule of law in general, customary law also has a dispute resolution mechanism, one of which is the settlement of disputes that occur in the household due to infidelity committed by either husband or wife. The community in Mempura District still respects and implements existing customary law, especially those that regulate problems in the family. Penghulu and traditional leaders also play a role in resolving infidelity cases that occur in the community. However, not all infidelity cases are resolved through customary law. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which customary law plays a role in resolving infidelity cases in Mempura District, Siak Sri Indrapura Regency and why not all people are willing to resolve infidelity cases through customary law. The research method used is sociological legal research, which is looking at the implementation of the rule of law in society. Data collection techniques were conducted by interviewing traditional leaders. From the results of the study, it was found that the cheating party was given a traditional fine in the form of one goat and a ceremony was carried out as an effort to reject the reinforcements that would occur in the future. This settlement through customary law has a weakness, namely the decision of traditional leaders does not have binding power, so its implementation is highly dependent on community compliance. The limitation of this research is in the Mempura District, Siak Regency. Research on this matter has never been done before.
习惯法是一种在土著社区代代相传的法律规则。与一般的法治一样,习惯法也有争议解决机制,其中之一是解决因丈夫或妻子不忠而发生在家庭中的争议。曼普拉区的社区仍然尊重和执行现有的习惯法,特别是那些管理家庭问题的习惯法。Penghulu和传统领袖也在解决社区中发生的不忠案件中发挥作用。然而,并不是所有的不忠案件都是通过习惯法解决的。本研究的目的是确定习惯法在解决Siak Sri Indrapura Regency的Mempura区不忠案件中发挥作用的程度,以及为什么不是所有人都愿意通过习惯法解决不忠案件。所使用的研究方法是社会学法律研究,即着眼于法治在社会中的实施。数据收集技术是通过采访传统领导人来进行的。从研究结果来看,作弊的一方会受到传统的罚款,即一只山羊,并举行仪式,以防止将来发生的增援。这种通过习惯法解决的方式存在一个弱点,即传统领导人的决定不具有约束力,因此其实施高度依赖于社区的遵守。本研究的局限是在西亚克县的曼普拉区。对这个问题的研究以前从未有人做过。
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引用次数: 0
RELIGIOUS SOCIAL PHENOMENON CILACAP COASTAL FISHING COMMUNITY 宗教社会现象影响了沿海渔业社区
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26480/svs.02.2022.21.25
H. ., Itsna Nurrahma Mildaeni, Eko Muharudin
Indonesian people who live in coastal areas mostly live as fishermen. Fishermen are coastal community entities that have a distinctive social structure and order. This study aims to determine the social and religious phenomenon of the Cilacap fishing community. This research is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The study results show that the social and religious life of the Cilacap community has characteristics and is different from other community groups. In social life, fishing communities live in groups, have high solidarity, and have social strata. The socio-economic conditions of the community are very easy to change depending on the season. These seasonal changes form a distinctive and identical lifestyle in the life of fishermen. The religious life of the fishing community has a syncretic pattern, namely, religious teachings mixed with local community traditions.
居住在沿海地区的印尼人大多以渔民为生。渔民是具有独特社会结构和社会秩序的沿海社区实体。本研究旨在确定奇拉卡普渔业社区的社会和宗教现象。本研究采用现象学方法进行定性研究。研究结果表明,奇拉卡普社区的社会和宗教生活具有不同于其他社区群体的特点。在社会生活中,渔业社区群居,团结程度高,有社会阶层。社区的社会经济条件很容易随着季节的变化而变化。这些季节变化在渔民的生活中形成了一种独特而相同的生活方式。渔业社区的宗教生活是一种融合模式,即宗教教义与当地社区传统相融合。
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引用次数: 0
THE ECOLOGICAL STATUS OF CHONGQING DIALECT – A STUDY OF LANGUAGE ATTITUDE BASED ON LINGJIANG PRIMARY SCHOOL IN BEIBEI DISTRICT, CHONGQING 重庆方言的生态地位——以重庆市北碚区陵江小学为例的语言态度研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26480/svs.01.2022.15.19
Lu Yu, Luo Chen
Language attitude has been a focus of sociolinguistics in recent years. The investigation of language attitude is beneficial to the identity of group members and the maintenance of group relations. Besides, it provides guidelines for further protecting language diversity. Conducting a survey of the current situation of Chongqing elementary school students’ language attitudes toward Chongqing dialect from the theoretical perspective of Eco linguistics, this paper analyzes the influencing factors in depth from the three dimensions, namely, family background, school environment and language use, in order to reveal the ecology of Chongqing dialect and enhance Chongqing people’s awareness of dialect heritage.
语言态度是近年来社会语言学研究的热点。语言态度的调查有利于群体成员的身份认同和群体关系的维护。为进一步保护语言多样性提供了指导。本文从生态语言学的理论视角对重庆市小学生对重庆方言的语言态度现状进行调查,从家庭背景、学校环境和语言使用三个维度深入分析影响重庆方言的因素,以期揭示重庆方言的生态,增强重庆人的方言传承意识。
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引用次数: 0
EMPLOYEES’ PERCEPTION OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT AND ITS IMPACTS ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN GHANA 加纳员工对性骚扰的感知及其对员工绩效的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26480/svs.02.2022.37.41
V. Brobbey, R. Asiedu, Philip Opoku Mensah, Frank Asamoah Antwi, Eric Forenten Sie, Aaron Kumah
Sexual harassment is any form of unwanted and dissenting sexual advances aimed toward another person. The drive of this paper is to understand how Ghanaian employees perceive sexual harassment in the Ghanaian work environment and how sexual harassment affects harassed employee work performance. This study adopted a qualitative research method using the semi-structured interview to collect data from 30 participants from six public and private companies. The findings of the study indicate that workers in Ghana perceived sexual harassment as demanding sexual favors from the opposite sex, touching of buttocks and or breast and kissing, superior enticing or forcing subordinate to have an intimate affair or relationship with, untoward behavior of staff towards the opposite sex or other skirmishes towards the opposite sex with a sexual connotation, any situation where a male or a female uses his or her position to make sexual advances to another person at the workplace, looking or commenting on any part of the body of which the victim may interpret as being offensive, forcing a female or male worker to go to bed with. The study further revealed that sexual harassment had negative impacts on the harassed employees’ performance. The study offers some important recommendations and implications for consideration.
性骚扰是针对另一个人的任何形式的不受欢迎的和不同意的性侵犯。本文的驱动力是了解加纳员工如何看待加纳工作环境中的性骚扰,以及性骚扰如何影响被骚扰员工的工作绩效。本研究采用半结构化访谈的定性研究方法,收集了来自6家上市公司和私营公司的30名参与者的数据。研究结果表明,加纳的工人认为性骚扰是要求异性给予性恩惠、触摸臀部和/或乳房和亲吻、上级引诱或强迫下属与之发生亲密关系、工作人员对异性的不友好行为或其他带有性意味的对异性的小冲突。任何男性或女性在工作场所利用自己的位置对另一个人进行性挑逗,看或评论受害者可能认为是冒犯的身体的任何部位,迫使女性或男性工人上床的情况。研究进一步发现,性骚扰对被性骚扰员工的绩效有负面影响。该研究提供了一些重要的建议和启示。
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引用次数: 0
THE IMPORTANCE OF ATTACHMENT TO GOD IN IMPROVING POSITIVE MENTAL HEALTH IN THE ELDERLY 对上帝的依恋在改善老年人积极心理健康中的重要性
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26480/svs.02.2022.20.24
H. ., Itsna Nurrahma Mildaeni, Eko Muharudin
The mental health of the elderly is important to research, especially regarding the psychological vulnerability of their population. This study aims to determine the effect of attachment to God on positive mental health in the elderly. The participants in this study were 260 elderly people aged over 60 years in the village of Kenites, Kedung Banteng sub-district, Banyumas, Indonesia. The data collection tool used Attachment to God (α=0.837) and positive mental health (α=0.852). Data analysis using simple linear regression with the help of SPSS version 23. The results showed that the significance value was <0.05 with an R Square value of 0.651, meaning that Attachment to God had a significant effect on positive mental health in the elderly in the village of Kenites, Kedung banteng sub-district, Banyumas, Indonesia. Attachment to God contributes 65.1% to positive mental health. This shows that the importance of Attachment to God in the elderly is one of the important factors in keeping the elderly mentally healthy.
老年人的心理健康是研究的重要内容,特别是老年人群体的心理脆弱性。本研究旨在探讨对上帝的依恋对老年人积极心理健康的影响。本研究的参与者是印度尼西亚Banyumas市Kedung Banteng街道Kenites村60岁以上的260名老年人。数据收集工具分别为对上帝的依恋(α=0.837)和积极心理健康(α=0.852)。数据分析使用简单的线性回归与SPSS版本23的帮助。结果显示,显著性值<0.05,R平方值为0.651,说明依恋上帝对印度尼西亚Banyumas市Kedung banteng街道Kenites村老年人的积极心理健康有显著影响。对上帝的依恋对积极的心理健康有65.1%的贡献。由此可见,老年人对上帝的依恋是保持老年人心理健康的重要因素之一。
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引用次数: 0
THE USAGE OF WEB TOOLS IN EXTENSION SERVICE DELIVERY AMONG AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION WORKERS IN SOUTH-WEST NIGERIA 网络工具在尼日利亚西南部农业推广工作者中推广服务的使用情况
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26480/svs.02.2022.32.35
S. Ogunjimi, C. Adara, O. Bamigboye, B. Jayeola
The advent of Covid-19 pandemic has contributed meaningfully to ICT in terms of its relevance, those that deal with communication like agricultural extension had no choice than to flow with the current trend of communicating with their clientele with the use of certain ICT tools such as the web-based tools. This enables a free flow and continuous contact with the farmers on updated information that is useful for agricultural productivity. The study therefore was conducted to assess the usage of web tools among the agricultural extension workers in south-west Nigeria, the study was carried out to: examine the socioeconomic characteristics of extension workers, determine the extension workers on the usage of web tools in disseminating agricultural information and constraints facing the usage of web tools in disseminating of agricultural information. The study was carried out in three out of the three states in Southwest Nigeria. Oyo, Ekiti and Osun were used and multi-stage sampling techniques was adopted. Primary data were collected and analyze using descriptive. The findings also show that respondents are high using of most the web tools such as facebook, whatapps, tiwtter etc for disseminate agricultural information to the farmers. Furthermore, the findings show that web tools usage has crucial role to play in promoting quality extension delivery, best agronomy practices and promoting new generation agriculture and make agriculture more lucrative and sustainable as well as improving livelihood in Nigeria. However, some constraints were identified with the use of web tools during the period of carrying out this study, such constraints are: poor internet coverage, lack of awareness of information sources available and untimely provision of information, high cost, complex to use, it requires special types of devices to use some of the webtools etc. The study therefore concludes that if the constraints faced was solves then the level of usage webtools will increase and enhance agricultural productivity. However, the study recommended that both agricultural extension workers needs to be trained on almost all the identified web tools.
Covid-19大流行的到来就其相关性而言对信息通信技术作出了有意义的贡献,那些处理农业推广等通信的人别无选择,只能顺应当前的趋势,使用某些信息通信技术工具(如基于网络的工具)与客户进行通信。这样就可以与农民自由交流和持续联系,获取对农业生产力有用的最新信息。因此,本研究旨在评估尼日利亚西南部农业推广工作者对网络工具的使用情况,研究的目的是:考察推广工作者的社会经济特征,确定推广工作者在使用网络工具传播农业信息方面的情况,以及在使用网络工具传播农业信息方面面临的制约因素。这项研究是在尼日利亚西南部三个州中的三个州进行的。使用Oyo、Ekiti和Osun,采用多阶段抽样技术。收集原始资料,采用描述性分析方法。调查结果还显示,受访者高度使用大多数网络工具,如facebook、whatapps、twitter等,向农民传播农业信息。此外,研究结果表明,网络工具的使用在促进优质推广交付、最佳农艺实践和促进新一代农业、使农业更有利可图和更可持续以及改善尼日利亚的生计方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,在进行这项研究期间,发现了使用网络工具的一些限制,这些限制是:互联网覆盖率差,缺乏对可用信息来源的认识和不及时提供信息,成本高,使用复杂,需要特殊类型的设备来使用一些网络工具等。因此,该研究得出结论,如果面临的限制得到解决,那么网络工具的使用水平将会提高,并提高农业生产力。然而,该研究建议,农业推广人员需要接受几乎所有已确定的网络工具的培训。
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引用次数: 0
TURNOVER INTENTIONS ON TEACHERS IN INDONESIA: THE ROLE OF AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT, CONTINUANCE COMMITMENT, AND NORMATIVE COMMITMENT 印尼教师离职意向:情感性承诺、持续承诺和规范性承诺的作用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26480/svs.02.2022.25.31
Retno Dwiyanti, Maryam Rozana, Tri Na'imah, Gisella Arnis rafiyana
Turnover is a phenomenon that often occurs in organizations. Organizations that are less able to manage human resources well will have an impact on the desire of workers to leave work. The commitment of a teacher in a school organization is able to have a big impact because it can improve the quality of the organization, improve teamwork, create a willingness from oneself to make changes, and strengthen the bond of a worker to his or her organization. This study aims to determine the effect of affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment, on turnover intention. The sample of this study was private elementary school teachers in Purwokerto, Indonesia. The research instrument used was the organizational commitment questionnaire (OCQ) and the turnover intention scale. The results of the analysis show that there is a significant relationship between affective commitment and turnover intention, and normative commitment and turnover intention so that supported hypothesis. Meanwhile, the relationship between continuance commitment and turnover intention was not significant. Affective commitment has a small effect on turnover intention, while normative commitment has a medium effect on turnover intention. The results of this study are expected to add to the understanding of the literature on how much influence each dimension of organizational commitment has on turnover intentions. Management can carry out various activities that involve teachers in mental and emotional aspects so as to encourage teachers to remain in the organization and contribute to achieving organizational goals.
人员流动是组织中经常发生的现象。管理人力资源能力较差的组织会影响员工的离职意愿。教师在学校组织中的承诺能够产生很大的影响,因为它可以提高组织的质量,改善团队合作,创造自己做出改变的意愿,并加强员工与组织的联系。本研究旨在探讨情感性承诺、继续性承诺和规范性承诺对离职倾向的影响。本研究的样本为印度尼西亚普沃克托的私立小学教师。研究工具为组织承诺问卷(OCQ)和离职意向量表。分析结果表明,情感承诺与离职倾向、规范性承诺与离职倾向之间存在显著的关系,支持了假设。同时,留任承诺与离职倾向之间的关系不显著。情感性承诺对离职倾向的影响较小,规范性承诺对离职倾向的影响中等。本研究的结果有望增进对组织承诺各维度对离职意向影响程度的文献理解。管理层可以开展各种涉及教师心理和情感方面的活动,以鼓励教师留在组织中,为实现组织目标做出贡献。
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引用次数: 2
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Social Values &amp; Society
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