Maham Noor, S. Jafri, H. Rehman, Shazad Nadeem Azhar
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a fatal disease. At present, the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in human beings is approximately 1%. Glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose) is a naturally occurring aminomonosaccharide in the human body. It is present abundantly in the cartilage and the connective tissue of human beings. It also originates from glucose in almost every human tissue. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of glucosamine sulphate supplements in patients with rheumatoid arthritis to assess it as a treatment for RA. This study was completed in the duration of 2 months using a randomized control trial study method. Ninety individuals (men and women) participated in this research. The data was collected from Azhar Orthopedics Clinic and Mayo Hospital in Lahore. The sample population was divided into group I, II & III, with 30 patients in each group. Group I was given 500 mg glucosamine sulphate/day, group II was given 1000 mg/day for two months, and group III was a controlled group (it was not supplemented with glucosamine sulphate). To conduct an ESR test, a blood sample was taken from the study population on day 0, 30, and 60. The ESR test readings of the individuals were statistically evaluated to assess the anti-arthritic effect of the glucosamine sulphate supplement. The readings were also used to evaluate a more effective dose of the supplement ranging between 500mg and 1000mg. The results indicated that glucosamine sulphate supplements significantly reduced the ESR levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, group I and group II exhibited significant results (p<0.001), indicating a reduction in the ESR levels. Therefore, it was determined that glucosamine sulphate supplementation does exhibit an anti-arthritic effect on rheumatoid arthritis patients.
{"title":"Therapeutic Role of Glucosamine Sulphate Among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis","authors":"Maham Noor, S. Jafri, H. Rehman, Shazad Nadeem Azhar","doi":"10.32350/ihr.0101.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/ihr.0101.04","url":null,"abstract":"Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a fatal disease. At present, the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in human beings is approximately 1%. Glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose) is a naturally occurring aminomonosaccharide in the human body. It is present abundantly in the cartilage and the connective tissue of human beings. It also originates from glucose in almost every human tissue. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of glucosamine sulphate supplements in patients with rheumatoid arthritis to assess it as a treatment for RA. This study was completed in the duration of 2 months using a randomized control trial study method. Ninety individuals (men and women) participated in this research. The data was collected from Azhar Orthopedics Clinic and Mayo Hospital in Lahore. The sample population was divided into group I, II & III, with 30 patients in each group. Group I was given 500 mg glucosamine sulphate/day, group II was given 1000 mg/day for two months, and group III was a controlled group (it was not supplemented with glucosamine sulphate). To conduct an ESR test, a blood sample was taken from the study population on day 0, 30, and 60. The ESR test readings of the individuals were statistically evaluated to assess the anti-arthritic effect of the glucosamine sulphate supplement. The readings were also used to evaluate a more effective dose of the supplement ranging between 500mg and 1000mg. The results indicated that glucosamine sulphate supplements significantly reduced the ESR levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, group I and group II exhibited significant results (p<0.001), indicating a reduction in the ESR levels. Therefore, it was determined that glucosamine sulphate supplementation does exhibit an anti-arthritic effect on rheumatoid arthritis patients.","PeriodicalId":262525,"journal":{"name":"International Health Review","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125487792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aliya Raza, Abdullah Zulfiqar, Arshia Ijaz, Hammad Rasheed, Muhammad Bilal Naseer, S. A. Zahra
Doctors are health practitioners responsible for the patients’ overall health and well-being. They are at a remarkably high risk of developing a variety of occupational health conditions as a result of their workplace setting and workload. Among the many conditions of musculoskeletal issues, lower back pain (LBP) is the most prevalent. To determine the prevalence of LBP among doctors. A questionnaire was given to doctors that sought information regarding their social and demographic characteristics, job history, pattern of symptoms, frequency and severity of LBP and factors predisposing to LBP. A total of 97 doctors participated in the study. The prevalence of LBP among doctors was 51.55%. Its prevalence was higher in female doctors as compared to male doctors. Health education regarding appropriate sitting posture and correct lifting techniques can be introduced to reduce the burden of LBP among the affected population.
{"title":"Prevalence of Lower Back Pain Among Doctors Working in Jinnah Hospital, Lahore","authors":"Aliya Raza, Abdullah Zulfiqar, Arshia Ijaz, Hammad Rasheed, Muhammad Bilal Naseer, S. A. Zahra","doi":"10.32350/ihr.0101.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/ihr.0101.03","url":null,"abstract":"Doctors are health practitioners responsible for the patients’ overall health and well-being. They are at a remarkably high risk of developing a variety of occupational health conditions as a result of their workplace setting and workload. Among the many conditions of musculoskeletal issues, lower back pain (LBP) is the most prevalent. To determine the prevalence of LBP among doctors. A questionnaire was given to doctors that sought information regarding their social and demographic characteristics, job history, pattern of symptoms, frequency and severity of LBP and factors predisposing to LBP. A total of 97 doctors participated in the study. The prevalence of LBP among doctors was 51.55%. Its prevalence was higher in female doctors as compared to male doctors. Health education regarding appropriate sitting posture and correct lifting techniques can be introduced to reduce the burden of LBP among the affected population.","PeriodicalId":262525,"journal":{"name":"International Health Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120981842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ramsha Rafiq, Abeera Tanveer Ijaz, A. Ashraf, H. Sadia, Hajra Nadeem Maan, Maryam Afzaal, R. Khan, Afifa Tanweer
Phytoestrogens are naturally occurring plant-derived active substances found in a wide variety of foods. Numerous health benefits of phytoestrogens include the reduced occurrence of breast tumors. Overexpression of the protein serine-hydroxyl-methyl-transferase-2 (SHMT2) has been reported in breast cancer. In one-carbon metabolism SHMT2 enzyme is present, which is necessary for cancer cell proliferation in a low glucose environment. Hence, this study focused on natural isoflavones that have a toxic effect on the development of breast cancer cells without harming normal cells. The structure of the protein SHMT2 was retrieved from the protein data bank and the structure of isoflavones was determined using the PubChem database. The docking of isoflavones with SHMT2 was done to determine their inhibitory effect on the latter since it causes the rapid development of breast cancer cells. It was identified that two isoflavones (6O-acetyldaidzin and malonyldaidzin) have a high affinity to bind with the protein because of hydrogen bonding. This study highly recommends conducting clinical trials on human beings based on the interaction between phytochemicals and SHMT2 gene to determine the safe dosage level of the former.
{"title":"In Silico Study of the Inhibitory Effect of Isoflavones on the Genes Frequently Reported in the Pathophysiology of Breast Cancer","authors":"Ramsha Rafiq, Abeera Tanveer Ijaz, A. Ashraf, H. Sadia, Hajra Nadeem Maan, Maryam Afzaal, R. Khan, Afifa Tanweer","doi":"10.32350/ihr.0101.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/ihr.0101.02","url":null,"abstract":"Phytoestrogens are naturally occurring plant-derived active substances found in a wide variety of foods. Numerous health benefits of phytoestrogens include the reduced occurrence of breast tumors. Overexpression of the protein serine-hydroxyl-methyl-transferase-2 (SHMT2) has been reported in breast cancer. In one-carbon metabolism SHMT2 enzyme is present, which is necessary for cancer cell proliferation in a low glucose environment. Hence, this study focused on natural isoflavones that have a toxic effect on the development of breast cancer cells without harming normal cells. The structure of the protein SHMT2 was retrieved from the protein data bank and the structure of isoflavones was determined using the PubChem database. The docking of isoflavones with SHMT2 was done to determine their inhibitory effect on the latter since it causes the rapid development of breast cancer cells. It was identified that two isoflavones (6O-acetyldaidzin and malonyldaidzin) have a high affinity to bind with the protein because of hydrogen bonding. This study highly recommends conducting clinical trials on human beings based on the interaction between phytochemicals and SHMT2 gene to determine the safe dosage level of the former.","PeriodicalId":262525,"journal":{"name":"International Health Review","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115229230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benign breast tumors, a group of heterogeneous disorders, have a high incidence in females which is the effect of multiple environmental and genetic factors. Some notable genetic factors include the involvement of the highly penetrant BRCA1 gene and its major interactions with other genetic activators. BRCA1’s interaction with certain proteins, such as 53BP-1 and ATM kinases, is initiated through the phosphorylation of their respective domains to create varied complexes with different functions. Consequently, BRCA1/BACH complex formation, in particular, helps in DNA repair processes. When this formation mutates, it can produce severe benign breast tumors. On the other hand, TP53 gene mutation also causes high damage to breast epithelia, irrespective of its interaction with BRCA1 function. BARD1 protein is also known to assist BRCA1 in maintaining its phenotype during the entire process of repair. These complex formations reveal the dual functioning of BRCA1 in relation to different proteinaceous entities as a tumor suppressor gene and a breast disease causing gene. Thus, this study focuses on BRCA1 mutation, its interaction with other genes, and its role in the DNA repair processes.
{"title":"Progression of Benign Breast Tumors: A Review of Differential Expression of BRCA1","authors":"Warda Fatima, Unzila Yasin","doi":"10.32350/ihr.0101.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/ihr.0101.01","url":null,"abstract":"Benign breast tumors, a group of heterogeneous disorders, have a high incidence in females which is the effect of multiple environmental and genetic factors. Some notable genetic factors include the involvement of the highly penetrant BRCA1 gene and its major interactions with other genetic activators. BRCA1’s interaction with certain proteins, such as 53BP-1 and ATM kinases, is initiated through the phosphorylation of their respective domains to create varied complexes with different functions. Consequently, BRCA1/BACH complex formation, in particular, helps in DNA repair processes. When this formation mutates, it can produce severe benign breast tumors. On the other hand, TP53 gene mutation also causes high damage to breast epithelia, irrespective of its interaction with BRCA1 function. BARD1 protein is also known to assist BRCA1 in maintaining its phenotype during the entire process of repair. These complex formations reveal the dual functioning of BRCA1 in relation to different proteinaceous entities as a tumor suppressor gene and a breast disease causing gene. Thus, this study focuses on BRCA1 mutation, its interaction with other genes, and its role in the DNA repair processes.","PeriodicalId":262525,"journal":{"name":"International Health Review","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127922542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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