Water mites composed of more than 6000 species, and are the most abundant, diverse inland water invertebrates which play a vital role in fresh water ecosystem [1]. The life cycle of water mites is very complex and their eggs can be found attached with many aquatic plants. Besides, throughout their larval phase, they co-habit with different insects, and live as the ectoparasites on the bodies and wings of these insects. Nymphs and adults have four pairs of legs while larvae have three. Adults also comprise oval or oblong or elliptical bodies with abdomen and a flattened dorsum [2]. However, depending on the type of habitats and mobility, water mites posses a wide range of morphological variations, such as variable shapes (from rounded to elongate), diverse external morphology with different colours etc. Different species of Hydrachnidia can be used as bioindicators to determine the ecological quality of freshwater habitation [3]. Therefore, genetical, biochemical and ecological analysis on water mites is very essential, since they signify the most essential level of life in fresh water ecosystem. On the other hand, most classical Research Article
{"title":"A Comparative Study and Quantitative Characterization of Hydrachna globosa, Hydryphantes dispar and Limnesia fulgida (Acari, Hydrachnidia) Species through Spectrophotometric Techniques","authors":"F. Aşçı, Nazif Hacımurat","doi":"10.31038/afs.2022423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/afs.2022423","url":null,"abstract":"Water mites composed of more than 6000 species, and are the most abundant, diverse inland water invertebrates which play a vital role in fresh water ecosystem [1]. The life cycle of water mites is very complex and their eggs can be found attached with many aquatic plants. Besides, throughout their larval phase, they co-habit with different insects, and live as the ectoparasites on the bodies and wings of these insects. Nymphs and adults have four pairs of legs while larvae have three. Adults also comprise oval or oblong or elliptical bodies with abdomen and a flattened dorsum [2]. However, depending on the type of habitats and mobility, water mites posses a wide range of morphological variations, such as variable shapes (from rounded to elongate), diverse external morphology with different colours etc. Different species of Hydrachnidia can be used as bioindicators to determine the ecological quality of freshwater habitation [3]. Therefore, genetical, biochemical and ecological analysis on water mites is very essential, since they signify the most essential level of life in fresh water ecosystem. On the other hand, most classical Research Article","PeriodicalId":262559,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries Studies","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116298645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) belongs to Zingiberaceae family. The used part of the plant is rhizome. This plant produces an orchid like flower with greenish yellow petals streaked with purple color. Ginger is cultivated in areas characterized by abundant rainfall. Even though it is native to southern Asia, ginger is also cultivated in tropical areas such as Jamaica, China, Nigeria and Haiti and it is an important spice crop in India [1]. Ginger, Zingiber officinalis, is a perennial herbaceous plant that is a part of the Zingiberaceae family. Ginger is an important plant with several medicinal, ethno medicinal and nutritional values (Kumar et al., 2011). Ginger is the underground rhizome of the ginger plant with a firm, striated texture. Zingiber officinale R., commonly known as ginger belongs to family Zingiberaceae [1].
姜(Zingiber officinale)属于姜科。这种植物被利用的部分是根茎。这种植物开的花像兰花，花瓣呈黄绿色，带紫色条纹。生姜种植在雨量充沛的地区。尽管生姜原产于南亚，但它也被种植在牙买加、中国、尼日利亚和海地等热带地区，它是印度重要的香料作物。生姜(Zingiber officinalis)是一种多年生草本植物，属于姜科植物。生姜是一种重要的植物，具有多种药用、民族药用和营养价值(Kumar et al.， 2011)。姜是姜植物的地下根茎，质地坚硬，有条纹。生姜(Zingiber officinale R.)，俗称姜，属姜科。
{"title":"Evaluation of Phytochemical Composition of Ginger Extracts","authors":"Esther Kela, A. Sogbesan, U. B. Wakil","doi":"10.31038/afs.2022424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/afs.2022424","url":null,"abstract":"Ginger (Zingiber officinale) belongs to Zingiberaceae family. The used part of the plant is rhizome. This plant produces an orchid like flower with greenish yellow petals streaked with purple color. Ginger is cultivated in areas characterized by abundant rainfall. Even though it is native to southern Asia, ginger is also cultivated in tropical areas such as Jamaica, China, Nigeria and Haiti and it is an important spice crop in India [1]. Ginger, Zingiber officinalis, is a perennial herbaceous plant that is a part of the Zingiberaceae family. Ginger is an important plant with several medicinal, ethno medicinal and nutritional values (Kumar et al., 2011). Ginger is the underground rhizome of the ginger plant with a firm, striated texture. Zingiber officinale R., commonly known as ginger belongs to family Zingiberaceae [1].","PeriodicalId":262559,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries Studies","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129572209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Arabi, Seyede Roghaye Seyedpour, Narges Bavari Pebdani
Age is one of the most important biological aspects of fish, and the lack of accurate information on the age of many fish species leads to inappropriate management policies [1]. Growth phenomenon is also one of the most key biological aspects of fish in the population, which exhibits the type of adaptation to environmental conditions [2]. The kutum in the Caspian Sea (Rutilus frisii kutum) belong to the Cyprinidae family [3]. This species can be found all along the southern coast of the Caspian Sea from the river Atrak to the Kora. Vali Abad River, one of the tributaries of Cheshmeh Kileh River, flows in the southeast of Tonekabon city center. It is rain-fed and flows from west to east. The river has a length of 14 km, an average bed slope of 0.7% and flows in bicarbonate and bicarbonate sulfate areas [4]. Many kutums migrate to the Shiroud, Vali Abad, Hawiq, Lemir, Anzali, Sefidrood, Tajan, Babolrood and Gorganrood Rivers to reproduce in the coasts of Iran [5]. Terms of catch and extraction, kutums is one of the most valuable fisheries in the Caspian Sea and contributes more than half of the total catch of bony fish [6]. Overall, 90% of its resources comes from Iran [7]. This fish with its high economic value in the southern shores of the Caspian Sea which depends on conservation [8].
年龄是鱼类最重要的生物学方面之一，由于缺乏对许多鱼类年龄的准确信息，导致管理政策不恰当[1]。生长现象也是种群中鱼类最关键的生物学方面之一，表现为对环境条件的适应类型[2]。里海的蛤(Rutilus frisii kutum)属于蛤科[3]。这个物种可以在里海南部沿海从阿特拉克河到科拉河的所有地方找到。瓦里阿巴德河(Vali Abad River)是切什梅基列河(Cheshmeh Kileh River)的支流之一，流经托内卡邦市中心东南部。它是雨养的，由西向东流动。该河全长14公里，平均河床坡度为0.7%，流向碳酸氢盐和硫酸碳酸氢盐地区[4]。许多库图姆迁移到Shiroud、Vali Abad、Hawiq、Lemir、Anzali、Sefidrood、Tajan、Babolrood和Gorganrood河，在伊朗海岸繁殖[5]。就捕捞和开采而言，库图姆是里海最有价值的渔业之一，占硬骨鱼总捕捞量的一半以上[6]。总体而言，其90%的资源来自伊朗[7]。这种鱼在里海南岸具有很高的经济价值，这取决于保护[8]。
{"title":"Age Structure and Growth Rate of Rutilus frisii kutum (Kamensky, 1901) Population in Vali Abad River (Southern Caspian Sea), Iran","authors":"M. Arabi, Seyede Roghaye Seyedpour, Narges Bavari Pebdani","doi":"10.31038/afs.2022422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/afs.2022422","url":null,"abstract":"Age is one of the most important biological aspects of fish, and the lack of accurate information on the age of many fish species leads to inappropriate management policies [1]. Growth phenomenon is also one of the most key biological aspects of fish in the population, which exhibits the type of adaptation to environmental conditions [2]. The kutum in the Caspian Sea (Rutilus frisii kutum) belong to the Cyprinidae family [3]. This species can be found all along the southern coast of the Caspian Sea from the river Atrak to the Kora. Vali Abad River, one of the tributaries of Cheshmeh Kileh River, flows in the southeast of Tonekabon city center. It is rain-fed and flows from west to east. The river has a length of 14 km, an average bed slope of 0.7% and flows in bicarbonate and bicarbonate sulfate areas [4]. Many kutums migrate to the Shiroud, Vali Abad, Hawiq, Lemir, Anzali, Sefidrood, Tajan, Babolrood and Gorganrood Rivers to reproduce in the coasts of Iran [5]. Terms of catch and extraction, kutums is one of the most valuable fisheries in the Caspian Sea and contributes more than half of the total catch of bony fish [6]. Overall, 90% of its resources comes from Iran [7]. This fish with its high economic value in the southern shores of the Caspian Sea which depends on conservation [8].","PeriodicalId":262559,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries Studies","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126280151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Abundance and Biodiversity of Zooplankton in Salimpur Coast, Bangladesh","authors":"","doi":"10.31038/afs.2022415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/afs.2022415","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262559,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128716203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Short-term Elevation Temperature and Salinity Stress on Caspian Roach, Rutilus caspicus","authors":"","doi":"10.31038/afs.2022414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/afs.2022414","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262559,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128792296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Six deformed specimens of Puntius sarana sarana (Ham.-Buch.) were observed, over a period of ten years, among fish collections by fishermen Pargwal wetland, Akhnoor, and Ranbir Singh Pura area (R.S. Pura) of Jammu district and have been elaborated. Deformities observed include dorsal fin injury and naked eye count of six dorsal fin rays (4/2) in one specimen, slightly truncated one specimen and highly truncated and much shortened body along antero-posterior axis (stumpbody) and fins displacement in four specimens. X ray analysis has revealed six well developed and five rudimentary skin embedded fin rays and dorsal fin injury in one specimen and antero posterior irregular compressed vertebrae in five specimens. Dorsal fin deformity in one specimen is caused by a biological predator and Myxobolus infection. A possible cause of deformities in other five fish specimens is pesticides and herbicides spray in agricultural fields causing water contamination.
{"title":"Some Aberrant Specimens of Puntius sarana sarana (Ham.-Buch.) from Fresh-Water Bodies of Jammu District of Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir (India)","authors":"Dutta Sps","doi":"10.31038/afs.2022411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/afs.2022411","url":null,"abstract":"Six deformed specimens of Puntius sarana sarana (Ham.-Buch.) were observed, over a period of ten years, among fish collections by fishermen Pargwal wetland, Akhnoor, and Ranbir Singh Pura area (R.S. Pura) of Jammu district and have been elaborated. Deformities observed include dorsal fin injury and naked eye count of six dorsal fin rays (4/2) in one specimen, slightly truncated one specimen and highly truncated and much shortened body along antero-posterior axis (stumpbody) and fins displacement in four specimens. X ray analysis has revealed six well developed and five rudimentary skin embedded fin rays and dorsal fin injury in one specimen and antero posterior irregular compressed vertebrae in five specimens. Dorsal fin deformity in one specimen is caused by a biological predator and Myxobolus infection. A possible cause of deformities in other five fish specimens is pesticides and herbicides spray in agricultural fields causing water contamination.","PeriodicalId":262559,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries Studies","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133365983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
species the freshwater have Abstract Physico-chemical parameters, mollusc distribution and diversity in Shiroro Lake, Minna, Niger State was investigated between the months of March and August, 2017 spanning through the wet and dry seasons. Water samples for physico-chemical parameters and snails samples were collected and identified on monthly basis following standard methods. From the results; the temperature ranged from 26.5-32°C. The pH was all basic throughout the period of the study which ranged from 8.5-9.2 across all the stations. Dissolved Oxygen concentration ranged from 2.6-5.2 mg/L, while the BOD ranged from 2.2-4.9 mg/L. Nitrate level (0.43-0.83 mg/L) was high, while phosphate concentration (0.24-0.42 mg/L) was relatively low in all the sampling stations. A total number of 7 snail species were encountered. Station 3 had the highest number (403), station 2 with 363 species and station 1 had the lowest with 345 species. The family Viviparidae and Bithyniidae has 2 species each. The Bellamya phthinotropis has the highest number of species followed by Bellamya capillata; and the lowest was recorded among the species of Gebtella barthi. In general, the abundance of snails was higher during the rainy season than during the dry season. Taxa richness determined as Margalef index showed significant difference among the sampling stations. Similarly, diversity indices (Shannon Wiener, Simpson, dominance) also showed significant difference among the sampling stations. Lower values of diversity and Eveness indices were recorded at station 1. Station 2 had the highest record of diversity and eveness indices. Shiroro Lake is moderately organically polluted and adequate measures should be taken to check-mate this.
{"title":"Spatial and Temporal Variations in Physico-Chemical Parameters and Abundance of Mollusc Species in Shiroro Lake, Minna, Niger State","authors":"P. Samuel, Mutiyat F. Alabi","doi":"10.31038/afs.2021353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/afs.2021353","url":null,"abstract":"species the freshwater have Abstract Physico-chemical parameters, mollusc distribution and diversity in Shiroro Lake, Minna, Niger State was investigated between the months of March and August, 2017 spanning through the wet and dry seasons. Water samples for physico-chemical parameters and snails samples were collected and identified on monthly basis following standard methods. From the results; the temperature ranged from 26.5-32°C. The pH was all basic throughout the period of the study which ranged from 8.5-9.2 across all the stations. Dissolved Oxygen concentration ranged from 2.6-5.2 mg/L, while the BOD ranged from 2.2-4.9 mg/L. Nitrate level (0.43-0.83 mg/L) was high, while phosphate concentration (0.24-0.42 mg/L) was relatively low in all the sampling stations. A total number of 7 snail species were encountered. Station 3 had the highest number (403), station 2 with 363 species and station 1 had the lowest with 345 species. The family Viviparidae and Bithyniidae has 2 species each. The Bellamya phthinotropis has the highest number of species followed by Bellamya capillata; and the lowest was recorded among the species of Gebtella barthi. In general, the abundance of snails was higher during the rainy season than during the dry season. Taxa richness determined as Margalef index showed significant difference among the sampling stations. Similarly, diversity indices (Shannon Wiener, Simpson, dominance) also showed significant difference among the sampling stations. Lower values of diversity and Eveness indices were recorded at station 1. Station 2 had the highest record of diversity and eveness indices. Shiroro Lake is moderately organically polluted and adequate measures should be taken to check-mate this.","PeriodicalId":262559,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125014312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Organic agriculture has developed rapidly and become a trend worldwide recently in the context of increasing demands for cleaner products [1,2]. In aquaculture sector, organic shrimp models are introduced in which shrimps and mangroves are raised in the same farms in a near-natural environment [3-5]. These models have been developed in the coastal areas of many countries in the tropics, such as Thailand, Bangladesh, Indonesia, India, Madagascar, and Vietnam [3,6-8]. In general, shrimps are raised in polyculture systems without using antibiotics and chemicals, and with special emphasis on the protection of mangrove forests and mangrove ecosystems [9]. Shrimps harvested from the models are examined and certified as ‘organic shrimp’ by several organizations such as the Ecocert (France), IMO Institute of Market Ecology (Switzerland), National Programme for Organic Production (India), and Japanese Agricultural Organic Standard (Japan). With the rising health and environmental awareness of global consumers, these models are expected to grow faster in the near future [10,11].
{"title":"An Overview of the First Organic Shrimp Model in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam","authors":"Tho Nguyen, Tuyen Tran Thi Kim","doi":"10.31038/afs.2021344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/afs.2021344","url":null,"abstract":"Organic agriculture has developed rapidly and become a trend worldwide recently in the context of increasing demands for cleaner products [1,2]. In aquaculture sector, organic shrimp models are introduced in which shrimps and mangroves are raised in the same farms in a near-natural environment [3-5]. These models have been developed in the coastal areas of many countries in the tropics, such as Thailand, Bangladesh, Indonesia, India, Madagascar, and Vietnam [3,6-8]. In general, shrimps are raised in polyculture systems without using antibiotics and chemicals, and with special emphasis on the protection of mangrove forests and mangrove ecosystems [9]. Shrimps harvested from the models are examined and certified as ‘organic shrimp’ by several organizations such as the Ecocert (France), IMO Institute of Market Ecology (Switzerland), National Programme for Organic Production (India), and Japanese Agricultural Organic Standard (Japan). With the rising health and environmental awareness of global consumers, these models are expected to grow faster in the near future [10,11].","PeriodicalId":262559,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129976547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper is intented to analyze the interrelation,mutual influence and integration of phoenix tree,phoenix and empress in ecological and cultural terms.The study indicates the historical-cultural symbolical meaning of Empress Wu of phoenix tree,and the ecological value.Empress Wu is the incarnation of dragon,rebirth of Maitreya Buddha with godship.From aspect of theology,phoenix stays at phoenix tree that is a myth by means of phoenix tree;phoenix and dragon keep abreast,phoenix represents outstanding woman,and Empress Wu is the incarnation of phoenix(super holy bird),phoenix liked to stay on phoenix tree(super sacred tree).Therefore phoenix tree represents the body of empress.In Buddhism,phoenix(tree's) imagery being the sacred tree of Chinese Buddhism is its feature,which is formed when the tree is cultivated in religious temple.Empress Wu is a human with humanity.In forest culture,imagery of phoenix tree is of aesthetic culture which represents pure love subjective intension by means of phoenix tree in gardens planting of past dynasties and composition of poetry.Love imagery of phoenix tree and phoenix symbolizes human emotion of Empress Wu.Lofty imagery of phoenix tree symbolizes the only one empress in China.That falling leaves of phoenix tree shows autumn comes which symbolized Empress Wu lost her Kingship and became queen for the rest of her life.Aesthetic cultural connotation,consisting of nobleness and hope of phoenix and misery and sad of phoenix tree,symbolized people's comment to Empress Wu in the passed one thousand and three hundreds years.Ecological value of phoenix imagery: nine holy birds which perch at bronze divine trees of Sanxingdui,and Sunbird of the Jinsha Site gives an impression that golden bird carries the sun to soar in the universe,in human's mental concept,phoenix tree symbolizes habitat for humanity of ecological civilization,phoenix symbolizes human's dream of flying.Phoenix likes to stay on phoenix tree which symbolizes harmonious civilization of human and human's earnest hope for good life.
{"title":"Phoenix Tree, Phoenix and Empress: Empress Historical-Cultural Symbol of Phoenix Tree and its Good Environmental Civilized Value","authors":"Wu Zhi-wen","doi":"10.31038/afs.2021342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/afs.2021342","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is intented to analyze the interrelation,mutual influence and integration of phoenix tree,phoenix and empress in ecological and cultural terms.The study indicates the historical-cultural symbolical meaning of Empress Wu of phoenix tree,and the ecological value.Empress Wu is the incarnation of dragon,rebirth of Maitreya Buddha with godship.From aspect of theology,phoenix stays at phoenix tree that is a myth by means of phoenix tree;phoenix and dragon keep abreast,phoenix represents outstanding woman,and Empress Wu is the incarnation of phoenix(super holy bird),phoenix liked to stay on phoenix tree(super sacred tree).Therefore phoenix tree represents the body of empress.In Buddhism,phoenix(tree's) imagery being the sacred tree of Chinese Buddhism is its feature,which is formed when the tree is cultivated in religious temple.Empress Wu is a human with humanity.In forest culture,imagery of phoenix tree is of aesthetic culture which represents pure love subjective intension by means of phoenix tree in gardens planting of past dynasties and composition of poetry.Love imagery of phoenix tree and phoenix symbolizes human emotion of Empress Wu.Lofty imagery of phoenix tree symbolizes the only one empress in China.That falling leaves of phoenix tree shows autumn comes which symbolized Empress Wu lost her Kingship and became queen for the rest of her life.Aesthetic cultural connotation,consisting of nobleness and hope of phoenix and misery and sad of phoenix tree,symbolized people's comment to Empress Wu in the passed one thousand and three hundreds years.Ecological value of phoenix imagery: nine holy birds which perch at bronze divine trees of Sanxingdui,and Sunbird of the Jinsha Site gives an impression that golden bird carries the sun to soar in the universe,in human's mental concept,phoenix tree symbolizes habitat for humanity of ecological civilization,phoenix symbolizes human's dream of flying.Phoenix likes to stay on phoenix tree which symbolizes harmonious civilization of human and human's earnest hope for good life.","PeriodicalId":262559,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113965394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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