An analytical model for parallel production systems is developed, where rule firing is modeled as a transaction. Both resource contention and data contention are modeled in detail, and the performance of locking-based and optimistic approaches is analyzed. It is shown that significant speedup can be gained in parallel rule execution. The main contribution is the insight into parallel rule firing provided by the parametric model.<>
{"title":"An analytical performance model for parallel production systems","authors":"Jau-Hwang Wang, J. Srivastava","doi":"10.1109/TAI.1992.246430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAI.1992.246430","url":null,"abstract":"An analytical model for parallel production systems is developed, where rule firing is modeled as a transaction. Both resource contention and data contention are modeled in detail, and the performance of locking-based and optimistic approaches is analyzed. It is shown that significant speedup can be gained in parallel rule execution. The main contribution is the insight into parallel rule firing provided by the parametric model.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":265283,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Fourth International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence TAI '92","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131892224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The literature on systems that address the selection of inductive bias explicitly is reviewed and a model of inductive bias selection as state space search, which is instantiated in a testbed system with biases as states and bias transformation operators used to move from state to state, is introduced. The testbed allows a system developer to address different dimensions in the bias space and different policies for bias selection by adding the appropriate operators. The ClimBS system has been developed in this testbed as one policy for bias selection modeled after manual bias selection strategies; the system's performance is measured on several domains from the UCI repository and on a synthetic domain. A summary of experiments designed to analyze empirically the system's performance is provided.<>
{"title":"ClimBS: searching the bias space","authors":"F. Provost","doi":"10.1109/TAI.1992.246361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAI.1992.246361","url":null,"abstract":"The literature on systems that address the selection of inductive bias explicitly is reviewed and a model of inductive bias selection as state space search, which is instantiated in a testbed system with biases as states and bias transformation operators used to move from state to state, is introduced. The testbed allows a system developer to address different dimensions in the bias space and different policies for bias selection by adding the appropriate operators. The ClimBS system has been developed in this testbed as one policy for bias selection modeled after manual bias selection strategies; the system's performance is measured on several domains from the UCI repository and on a synthetic domain. A summary of experiments designed to analyze empirically the system's performance is provided.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":265283,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Fourth International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence TAI '92","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134459338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Takayasu Kasahra, Naoyuki Yamada, Yasuhiro Kobayashi, K. Yoshino, K. Yoshimura
An expert system tool, ASPROGEN (automatic search program generator), is described. It has a domain model editor, by which tool users can define their problems in an object-oriented way, and a built-in function for automatic generation of a domain-specific inference program. This function uses search-based program specifications and an abstract data type of search. The descriptiveness of this domain model is shown by applying ASPROGEN to a scheduling problem.<>
{"title":"Domain model for constructing a knowledge based system","authors":"Takayasu Kasahra, Naoyuki Yamada, Yasuhiro Kobayashi, K. Yoshino, K. Yoshimura","doi":"10.1109/TAI.1992.246454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAI.1992.246454","url":null,"abstract":"An expert system tool, ASPROGEN (automatic search program generator), is described. It has a domain model editor, by which tool users can define their problems in an object-oriented way, and a built-in function for automatic generation of a domain-specific inference program. This function uses search-based program specifications and an abstract data type of search. The descriptiveness of this domain model is shown by applying ASPROGEN to a scheduling problem.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":265283,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Fourth International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence TAI '92","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122412454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effective testing (validation, verification and evaluation) for expert systems is becoming important. A comparative evaluation of black-box, white-box, consistency, and completeness testing methods is performed based on the criteria of effectiveness, robustness, and cost. Testing methods are evaluated using life-cycle mutation testing on a VLSI manufacturing diagnostic expert system. The results indicate that dynamic-flow testing can be used to catch faults in all phases of software development.<>
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of expert system testing methods","authors":"Shekhar H. Kirani, I. Zualkernan, W. Tsai","doi":"10.1109/TAI.1992.246425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAI.1992.246425","url":null,"abstract":"Effective testing (validation, verification and evaluation) for expert systems is becoming important. A comparative evaluation of black-box, white-box, consistency, and completeness testing methods is performed based on the criteria of effectiveness, robustness, and cost. Testing methods are evaluated using life-cycle mutation testing on a VLSI manufacturing diagnostic expert system. The results indicate that dynamic-flow testing can be used to catch faults in all phases of software development.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":265283,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Fourth International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence TAI '92","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116653152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to specify intelligent control for robotic systems, a generic blackboard based methodology is proposed. It is based on a functional analysis of the problem of control. The control is viewed as a distributed multishape blackboard decomposition. Specific functionalities of blackboard architectures are specialized for each of the aspects of control: a graphical blackboard for interaction, a classical one for reasoning, and a parallel real-time one for control. An original parallel blackboard architecture which integrates the whole system is presented. A model is supplied to express activity and genericity of this tool.<>
{"title":"A parallel blackboard generic tool for intelligent robotics","authors":"M. Occello, Marie-Claude Thomas","doi":"10.1109/TAI.1992.246448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAI.1992.246448","url":null,"abstract":"In order to specify intelligent control for robotic systems, a generic blackboard based methodology is proposed. It is based on a functional analysis of the problem of control. The control is viewed as a distributed multishape blackboard decomposition. Specific functionalities of blackboard architectures are specialized for each of the aspects of control: a graphical blackboard for interaction, a classical one for reasoning, and a parallel real-time one for control. An original parallel blackboard architecture which integrates the whole system is presented. A model is supplied to express activity and genericity of this tool.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":265283,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Fourth International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence TAI '92","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117132267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The issue of temporal reasoning in an online real-time expert system in the field of process control is addressed. An alarm filtering problem is described, and the integration of a point-based time map manager (TMM) with an inference engine, to manage the temporal constraints, is proposed. The TMM manages only imprecise future time points and must comply with the constant modification of the current time and thus with the removal of time points that are moved to the past. Temporal restrictions in the left-hand sides of rules are also described, together with the need for management of pending queries that may receive an answer when the uncertainty pervading the future is reduced.<>
{"title":"Applying a time map manager in a real-time expert system for alarm filtering","authors":"Thomas Chehire, E. Onaindía","doi":"10.1109/TAI.1992.246378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAI.1992.246378","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of temporal reasoning in an online real-time expert system in the field of process control is addressed. An alarm filtering problem is described, and the integration of a point-based time map manager (TMM) with an inference engine, to manage the temporal constraints, is proposed. The TMM manages only imprecise future time points and must comply with the constant modification of the current time and thus with the removal of time points that are moved to the past. Temporal restrictions in the left-hand sides of rules are also described, together with the need for management of pending queries that may receive an answer when the uncertainty pervading the future is reduced.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":265283,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Fourth International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence TAI '92","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114083759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To deal with complex problems, many kinds of reasoning and representation techniques are needed. The cooperation between different reasoning models constitutes one of the objectives of second-generation systems. The need to mix temporal and hypothetical reasoning for qualitative simulation is highlighted. A system built around an ATMS, a TCP, and a model that reasons on orders of magnitude is proposed. This system relies on an extension of HEART (see C. Joubel and O. Raiman, 1990). A new method for making histories concise has been developed.<>
{"title":"Temporal and hypothetical reasoning as a support for qualitative reasoning","authors":"C. Loesel, F. Charpillet, J. Haton","doi":"10.1109/TAI.1992.246441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAI.1992.246441","url":null,"abstract":"To deal with complex problems, many kinds of reasoning and representation techniques are needed. The cooperation between different reasoning models constitutes one of the objectives of second-generation systems. The need to mix temporal and hypothetical reasoning for qualitative simulation is highlighted. A system built around an ATMS, a TCP, and a model that reasons on orders of magnitude is proposed. This system relies on an extension of HEART (see C. Joubel and O. Raiman, 1990). A new method for making histories concise has been developed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":265283,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Fourth International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence TAI '92","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125457559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An expert system approach to digital hardware design verification is described. Artificial-intelligence-based approaches typically use general-purpose theorem-proving to show that the design meets the formal specification. In contrast, the expert system DEVE interprets the specification to invoke proper domain-specific verification methods in a knowledge-based environment.<>
{"title":"DEVE: an expert system for hardware design verification","authors":"A. M. Kabakçioglu, O.L. Mazuera","doi":"10.1109/TAI.1992.246456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAI.1992.246456","url":null,"abstract":"An expert system approach to digital hardware design verification is described. Artificial-intelligence-based approaches typically use general-purpose theorem-proving to show that the design meets the formal specification. In contrast, the expert system DEVE interprets the specification to invoke proper domain-specific verification methods in a knowledge-based environment.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":265283,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Fourth International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence TAI '92","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131145076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The blackboard model is a versatile framework for implementing expert systems. In recent years the speed of blackboard access has been improved but the execution cycle, which manages knowledge source activation and execution, still needs substantial improvement. A method of condensing knowledge sources is presented, and it is shown how to efficiently activate and execute a class of blackboard application systems using the condensed representation. It is shown that the time complexity of the execution cycle of a condensed system is faster than that of the conventional approach by the ratio of the time required for blackboard retrievals to the time required for vector element retrievals. In practice, this ratio is approximately four order of magnitude.<>
{"title":"Efficiency in pure blackboard systems","authors":"R. Hewett, M. Hewett","doi":"10.1109/TAI.1992.246372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAI.1992.246372","url":null,"abstract":"The blackboard model is a versatile framework for implementing expert systems. In recent years the speed of blackboard access has been improved but the execution cycle, which manages knowledge source activation and execution, still needs substantial improvement. A method of condensing knowledge sources is presented, and it is shown how to efficiently activate and execute a class of blackboard application systems using the condensed representation. It is shown that the time complexity of the execution cycle of a condensed system is faster than that of the conventional approach by the ratio of the time required for blackboard retrievals to the time required for vector element retrievals. In practice, this ratio is approximately four order of magnitude.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":265283,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Fourth International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence TAI '92","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130990656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A series of extensions of tense theory of atomic events to accommodate durative events is presented. The interaction of tenses with time adverbials is discussed and a constraint for tense-adverb agreement is proposed. Sentences containing clauses connected by a temporal connective, such as 'when', 'before', 'after', etc. may have different aspect interpretations, depending on the situation types and verb forms involved. In particular, 'before' and 'after' are not always inverses of each other. One can adopt a similar mechanism to take account of this kind of sentence. Their temporal constraints are described, and their temporal interpretations can be obtained accurately.<>
{"title":"Temporal constraints and their interpretations in natural language","authors":"Hsiu-Hui Lee, I. Lin, Chien-Ping Wu","doi":"10.1109/TAI.1992.246419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAI.1992.246419","url":null,"abstract":"A series of extensions of tense theory of atomic events to accommodate durative events is presented. The interaction of tenses with time adverbials is discussed and a constraint for tense-adverb agreement is proposed. Sentences containing clauses connected by a temporal connective, such as 'when', 'before', 'after', etc. may have different aspect interpretations, depending on the situation types and verb forms involved. In particular, 'before' and 'after' are not always inverses of each other. One can adopt a similar mechanism to take account of this kind of sentence. Their temporal constraints are described, and their temporal interpretations can be obtained accurately.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":265283,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Fourth International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence TAI '92","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131030694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：