Pub Date : 2008-05-01DOI: 10.1177/1469044607089620
M. Madeo, E. Owen, J. Baruah
An audit was undertaken in a large teaching hospital to assess the knowledge of healthcare workers about the management of patients with Clostridium difficile. One hundred and four questionnaires were completed by nurses (n = 46) and medical staff (n = 58). Knowledge on the microbiology of C. difficile appeared to be superior in medical staff, although nurses had more awareness of decontamination issues. The sampling strategy and definition of diarrhoea were found to be areas of poor knowledge as was the ability to identify the main route of spread of the bacterium. This work resulted in a planned programme of interventions such as educational road shows, updating the C. difficile policy, increasing the stock of chlorine-based agents for cleaning, and the introduction of the Bristol stool chart. It is hoped that these interventions will have an impact on reducing the number of C. difficile cases.
{"title":"The management of Clostridium difficile infection: using small-scale audit to indicate the knowledge of nursing and medical staff in an acute hospital setting","authors":"M. Madeo, E. Owen, J. Baruah","doi":"10.1177/1469044607089620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1469044607089620","url":null,"abstract":"An audit was undertaken in a large teaching hospital to assess the knowledge of healthcare workers about the management of patients with Clostridium difficile. One hundred and four questionnaires were completed by nurses (n = 46) and medical staff (n = 58). Knowledge on the microbiology of C. difficile appeared to be superior in medical staff, although nurses had more awareness of decontamination issues. The sampling strategy and definition of diarrhoea were found to be areas of poor knowledge as was the ability to identify the main route of spread of the bacterium. This work resulted in a planned programme of interventions such as educational road shows, updating the C. difficile policy, increasing the stock of chlorine-based agents for cleaning, and the introduction of the Bristol stool chart. It is hoped that these interventions will have an impact on reducing the number of C. difficile cases.","PeriodicalId":265443,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Infection Control","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132892666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-05-01DOI: 10.1177/1469044608089700
C. Kilpatrick
{"title":"Editorial What is Health Protection Scotland up to","authors":"C. Kilpatrick","doi":"10.1177/1469044608089700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1469044608089700","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":265443,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Infection Control","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122397482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-05-01DOI: 10.1177/1469044607089641
S. Newsom
{"title":"Legionnaires disease — 1. The Philadelphia outbreak","authors":"S. Newsom","doi":"10.1177/1469044607089641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1469044607089641","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":265443,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Infection Control","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122555059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1469044607086668
C. Kilpatrick
Hand hygiene compliance is considered to be an essential element in the prevention and control of healthcare associated infections (HCAI). The options for promoting and evaluating compliance have been debated and a range of approaches are both recommended and used in practice. Audit is commonly used for monitoring compliance and a number of hand hygiene audit tools are available. From these, varying compliance rates have been widely published. A tool for mandatory auditing in Scotland, as part of their national Hand Hygiene Campaign, was deemed appropriate. The involvement of the Nurse Consultant Infection Control from the Health Protection Scotland's (HPS) infection control team (ICT) as clinical lead in the Scottish Hand Hygiene Campaign meant that the team had responsibility for developing a tool that would meet the needs of both national and local data collection and reporting. After a review of available tools and a consultation period with identified stakeholders, both an electronic and paper audit tool have been developed and made available to Scottish NHS boards. Evaluation of this tool will be carried out after completion of the planned Hand Hygiene Campaign in March 2008.
{"title":"The development of a minimum dataset audit tool for Scotland's NHS Hand Hygiene Campaign","authors":"C. Kilpatrick","doi":"10.1177/1469044607086668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1469044607086668","url":null,"abstract":"Hand hygiene compliance is considered to be an essential element in the prevention and control of healthcare associated infections (HCAI). The options for promoting and evaluating compliance have been debated and a range of approaches are both recommended and used in practice. Audit is commonly used for monitoring compliance and a number of hand hygiene audit tools are available. From these, varying compliance rates have been widely published. A tool for mandatory auditing in Scotland, as part of their national Hand Hygiene Campaign, was deemed appropriate. The involvement of the Nurse Consultant Infection Control from the Health Protection Scotland's (HPS) infection control team (ICT) as clinical lead in the Scottish Hand Hygiene Campaign meant that the team had responsibility for developing a tool that would meet the needs of both national and local data collection and reporting. After a review of available tools and a consultation period with identified stakeholders, both an electronic and paper audit tool have been developed and made available to Scottish NHS boards. Evaluation of this tool will be carried out after completion of the planned Hand Hygiene Campaign in March 2008.","PeriodicalId":265443,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Infection Control","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116119908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1469044607086232
S. Arya, N. Agarwal, S. Agarwal
{"title":"Hospital acquired infection — point prevalence or culture-based surveillance?","authors":"S. Arya, N. Agarwal, S. Agarwal","doi":"10.1177/1469044607086232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1469044607086232","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":265443,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Infection Control","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122139748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1469044607087607
M. Cole, P. Weaving
{"title":"Comment on `Editorial: Hand hygiene — It's still important' by Paul Weaving, British Journal of Infection Control 2007; 8(5): 4—5","authors":"M. Cole, P. Weaving","doi":"10.1177/1469044607087607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1469044607087607","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":265443,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Infection Control","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132203037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1469044607087608
K.E. Lee, M. Themessl Huber, P. Davidson
A pilot research study was undertaken on two tertiary care wards to examine factors influencing hand hygiene compliance. This comprised environmental audit and observation of individual staff for two hour periods. Although it was labour intensive, observation proved a valuable tool in highlighting problems in risk assessment. The results show that hand hygiene was performed following a high proportion (59%) of hand hygiene opportunities, but not in accordance with local guidelines, due predominately to choice of inappropriate hand decontamination agent and/or unnecessary use of gloves. These errors in individual decision-making processes about the choice of hand hygiene measures may be the reason why motivational interventions can be ineffective, and they need to be addressed before audit of compliance can be meaningful.
{"title":"Research or audit? The benefits and limitations of structured observation of the hand hygiene practice of named staff","authors":"K.E. Lee, M. Themessl Huber, P. Davidson","doi":"10.1177/1469044607087608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1469044607087608","url":null,"abstract":"A pilot research study was undertaken on two tertiary care wards to examine factors influencing hand hygiene compliance. This comprised environmental audit and observation of individual staff for two hour periods. Although it was labour intensive, observation proved a valuable tool in highlighting problems in risk assessment. The results show that hand hygiene was performed following a high proportion (59%) of hand hygiene opportunities, but not in accordance with local guidelines, due predominately to choice of inappropriate hand decontamination agent and/or unnecessary use of gloves. These errors in individual decision-making processes about the choice of hand hygiene measures may be the reason why motivational interventions can be ineffective, and they need to be addressed before audit of compliance can be meaningful.","PeriodicalId":265443,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Infection Control","volume":"47 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125714949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1469044607086104
S. Dhand
{"title":"MRSA in the United Kingdom — where science meets politics, and a sensationalist media produces a misinformed public","authors":"S. Dhand","doi":"10.1177/1469044607086104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1469044607086104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":265443,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Infection Control","volume":"218 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125056713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1469044607087601
Nelya Koteyko, B. Nerlich
Modern matrons were introduced in 2001 by the Department of Health to lead clinical teams in the prevention of healthcare associated infection. The facilitative role of modern matron requires both managerial and entrepreneurial skills and senior nurses are expected to lead by example, inspire, motivate and empower others, and thus conform to the `transformational leadership' style that foregrounds the importance of interpersonal and influencing skills. In this paper we identify problems that challenge this model of the modern matron and link them to possible problems in infection control. The study describes cases of difficulty in fulfilling leadership requirements because of organisational barriers to empowerment despite arguments to the contrary. Unless a significant budgetary responsibility is made part of the modern matron's role, personal skills (communication, problem solving) alone may not be sufficient to sustain it and may not lead to achieving control over infection, which was the initial trigger for instituting this role.
{"title":"Modern matrons and infection control practices: aspirations and realities","authors":"Nelya Koteyko, B. Nerlich","doi":"10.1177/1469044607087601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1469044607087601","url":null,"abstract":"Modern matrons were introduced in 2001 by the Department of Health to lead clinical teams in the prevention of healthcare associated infection. The facilitative role of modern matron requires both managerial and entrepreneurial skills and senior nurses are expected to lead by example, inspire, motivate and empower others, and thus conform to the `transformational leadership' style that foregrounds the importance of interpersonal and influencing skills. In this paper we identify problems that challenge this model of the modern matron and link them to possible problems in infection control. The study describes cases of difficulty in fulfilling leadership requirements because of organisational barriers to empowerment despite arguments to the contrary. Unless a significant budgetary responsibility is made part of the modern matron's role, personal skills (communication, problem solving) alone may not be sufficient to sustain it and may not lead to achieving control over infection, which was the initial trigger for instituting this role.","PeriodicalId":265443,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Infection Control","volume":"160 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132029762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-01-01DOI: 10.1177/1469044607085545
K. Shaw
SAGE Publications, Los Angeles, London, New Delhi and Singapore 10.1177/1469044607085545 4 British Journal of Infection Control JANUARY 2008 VOL. 9 NO. 1 ecently a colleague asked me, ‘So, what do you do in the HPA?’ This question took me back to a time when working in a profession dedicated to the prevention of healthcare associated infections (HCAI) was not at all in vogue. When I used to tell people I worked in infection control, always, without fail, I got the same response: raised eyebrows, followed by a frown and a blank look combined with a ‘what’s that?’ This was the response from friends, family and surprisingly from many healthcare workers both in and out of the hospital setting. Now we have a different picture. Infection control in hospitals is challenging healthcare professionals, confounding politicians and providing headlines for the media. At social occasions, everyone has an opinion on why hospitals have ‘super bugs’ and how the cleanliness of the hospital is the solution to everything. The media have of course blurred the boundaries between fact and fiction with some exaggerated headlines. However, rather than see these recent developments as negative, they could be viewed in a positive light because ultimately the increased exposure has led to an increased awareness that there is a problem with healthcare associated infections. Political interest in driving down healthcare associated infections has added to this and resulted in the generation of a number of policy documents and directives.
{"title":"Editorial: Reducing healthcare associated infections — who is involved and what is the role of the Health Protection Agency?","authors":"K. Shaw","doi":"10.1177/1469044607085545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1469044607085545","url":null,"abstract":"SAGE Publications, Los Angeles, London, New Delhi and Singapore 10.1177/1469044607085545 4 British Journal of Infection Control JANUARY 2008 VOL. 9 NO. 1 ecently a colleague asked me, ‘So, what do you do in the HPA?’ This question took me back to a time when working in a profession dedicated to the prevention of healthcare associated infections (HCAI) was not at all in vogue. When I used to tell people I worked in infection control, always, without fail, I got the same response: raised eyebrows, followed by a frown and a blank look combined with a ‘what’s that?’ This was the response from friends, family and surprisingly from many healthcare workers both in and out of the hospital setting. Now we have a different picture. Infection control in hospitals is challenging healthcare professionals, confounding politicians and providing headlines for the media. At social occasions, everyone has an opinion on why hospitals have ‘super bugs’ and how the cleanliness of the hospital is the solution to everything. The media have of course blurred the boundaries between fact and fiction with some exaggerated headlines. However, rather than see these recent developments as negative, they could be viewed in a positive light because ultimately the increased exposure has led to an increased awareness that there is a problem with healthcare associated infections. Political interest in driving down healthcare associated infections has added to this and resulted in the generation of a number of policy documents and directives.","PeriodicalId":265443,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Infection Control","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117148472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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