In the last two decades, video games have gone from being pastimes to being a coveted profession with competitions broadcasted worldwide and high earnings for the winners. However, the esports environment is still little known, presenting a lack of knowledge on how to get physically ready to minimize the effect of prolonged sitting or avoid career-ending injuries. This article provides coaches and serious gamers with a program based on evidence and simple to implement. The main aims will be to prevent esports’ common injuries such as cervical and lumbar pain, wrist and shoulder overuse, and peripheral neuropathies. Our proposal contains protocols for warming-up, preventing injuries, and taking active breaks.
{"title":"Exercise Recommendations for e-Athletes: Guidelines to Prevent Injuries and Health Issues","authors":"Arnau Baena-Riera, L. Carrani, A. Piedra, J. Peña","doi":"10.1123/jege.2023-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jege.2023-0003","url":null,"abstract":"In the last two decades, video games have gone from being pastimes to being a coveted profession with competitions broadcasted worldwide and high earnings for the winners. However, the esports environment is still little known, presenting a lack of knowledge on how to get physically ready to minimize the effect of prolonged sitting or avoid career-ending injuries. This article provides coaches and serious gamers with a program based on evidence and simple to implement. The main aims will be to prevent esports’ common injuries such as cervical and lumbar pain, wrist and shoulder overuse, and peripheral neuropathies. Our proposal contains protocols for warming-up, preventing injuries, and taking active breaks.","PeriodicalId":266441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Gaming and Esports","volume":"152 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114060925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oliver Leis, Matthew Watson, L. Swettenham, Ismael Pedraza-Ramirez, F. Lautenbach
Given the competitive nature of esports (e.g., maintaining focus and adaptive coping) and the increasing interest from practitioners in addressing stress management issues, empirical evidence on stress management strategies is needed that is tailored to the unique demands of esports. To ensure that ethical and professional standards are being met, it is important to first explore the factors that practitioners perceive to negatively impact the performance of esports players and the stress management strategies that are currently being used to support these players. Therefore, an online survey of 25 practitioners was conducted with results highlighting a variety of factors that were perceived to negatively impact players’ performance such as players’ ability to cope and lack of self-confidence. In addition, stress management strategies used before and after competition most frequently included strategies such as imagery, breathing techniques, and social support. Future research directions, limitations, and practical implications are discussed.
{"title":"Stress Management Strategies in Esports: An Exploratory Online Survey on Applied Practice","authors":"Oliver Leis, Matthew Watson, L. Swettenham, Ismael Pedraza-Ramirez, F. Lautenbach","doi":"10.1123/jege.2023-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jege.2023-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Given the competitive nature of esports (e.g., maintaining focus and adaptive coping) and the increasing interest from practitioners in addressing stress management issues, empirical evidence on stress management strategies is needed that is tailored to the unique demands of esports. To ensure that ethical and professional standards are being met, it is important to first explore the factors that practitioners perceive to negatively impact the performance of esports players and the stress management strategies that are currently being used to support these players. Therefore, an online survey of 25 practitioners was conducted with results highlighting a variety of factors that were perceived to negatively impact players’ performance such as players’ ability to cope and lack of self-confidence. In addition, stress management strategies used before and after competition most frequently included strategies such as imagery, breathing techniques, and social support. Future research directions, limitations, and practical implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":266441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Gaming and Esports","volume":"362 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124552297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fatness of fat characters in screen media, video games included, is well understood on an aesthetic level. However, this research asks: Is there a mechanical dimension to the fatness of these characters? Fighting games, with their need for common toolsets among playable characters, offer a useful ground to explore that question. While the characters in this study did not exhibit a “mechanical fatness,” they do reveal that certain combinations of aesthetic fatness with gameplay mechanics may offer a potential site of resistance to the pervasive fatphobic tropes present in video games.
{"title":"Fighting/Fat: Fighting Game Characters and the Emptiness of Video Game Fatness","authors":"Todd Harper","doi":"10.1123/jege.2022-0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jege.2022-0043","url":null,"abstract":"The fatness of fat characters in screen media, video games included, is well understood on an aesthetic level. However, this research asks: Is there a mechanical dimension to the fatness of these characters? Fighting games, with their need for common toolsets among playable characters, offer a useful ground to explore that question. While the characters in this study did not exhibit a “mechanical fatness,” they do reveal that certain combinations of aesthetic fatness with gameplay mechanics may offer a potential site of resistance to the pervasive fatphobic tropes present in video games.","PeriodicalId":266441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Gaming and Esports","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127594499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esports, much like conventional sports, are guided by social norms that determine the acceptability or unacceptability of certain behaviors. One act guided by social norms is trash talk. However, understanding its practice has been difficult due to the various definitions of its use. Focusing on the first-person shooter genre, this study aimed to uncover and encapsulate the various forms of trash talk into a single framework. Applying Presseau et al.’s Action, Actor, Context, Target, and Time (AACTT) framework for specifying behavior, 61 cases of trash talk were analyzed across Counter Strike: Global Offensive, Overwatch, and Rainbow Six: Siege esports. Actions associated with trash talk were primarily found through verbal and written exchanges though they can occur through in-game mechanics—a practice unique to esports. Traditionally, actors and targets are the professional players in a game. However, trash talking was also practiced by coaches, stage talent, and esport organizations. The context of trash talk can be further identified through physical, environmental, and social settings, nd whether the time trash talk occurs is centered around a match or tournament. Understanding the impact of each AACTT element may have on the social norms of trash talk can allow researchers to further distinguish behaviors across esport consumers.
{"title":"The AACTT of Trash Talk: Identifying Forms of Trash Talk in Esports Using Behavior Specification","authors":"Sidney V. Irwin, A. Naweed, M. Lastella","doi":"10.1123/jege.2022-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jege.2022-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Esports, much like conventional sports, are guided by social norms that determine the acceptability or unacceptability of certain behaviors. One act guided by social norms is trash talk. However, understanding its practice has been difficult due to the various definitions of its use. Focusing on the first-person shooter genre, this study aimed to uncover and encapsulate the various forms of trash talk into a single framework. Applying Presseau et al.’s Action, Actor, Context, Target, and Time (AACTT) framework for specifying behavior, 61 cases of trash talk were analyzed across Counter Strike: Global Offensive, Overwatch, and Rainbow Six: Siege esports. Actions associated with trash talk were primarily found through verbal and written exchanges though they can occur through in-game mechanics—a practice unique to esports. Traditionally, actors and targets are the professional players in a game. However, trash talking was also practiced by coaches, stage talent, and esport organizations. The context of trash talk can be further identified through physical, environmental, and social settings, nd whether the time trash talk occurs is centered around a match or tournament. Understanding the impact of each AACTT element may have on the social norms of trash talk can allow researchers to further distinguish behaviors across esport consumers.","PeriodicalId":266441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Gaming and Esports","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126822611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Competitive video gaming or esports is a field with the potential for gender-equal competition. However, esports is dominated by cisgender men at both the casual and professional levels. When a field is highly gender-imbalanced, gender minority groups tend to perceive the field as unwelcoming, which reduces interest in the field and further perpetuates unequal participation. One potential pathway to encourage interest and participation is the creation of gender-specific spaces, such as women-only tournaments in esports. To study the group effects of gender on tournament experience, we recruited cisgender women who were novice gamers for in-laboratory, one-on-one esports tournaments under two conditions: in women-only tournaments or mixed-gender tournaments with equally novice cisgender men. Our results show that in matches between men and women, women underperformed against men regardless of whether her opponent had played more often, less often, or equal to her in the past year. In addition, women who played in women-only tournaments gave more accurate estimates of their skill and reported greater task importance than women who played in mixed-gender tournaments. In practice, women-only tournaments may aid recruitment and retention of women in esports as a supplement to gameplay in mixed-gender competitive spaces.
{"title":"Novice Women Players Have Better Outcomes in Women-Only Versus Mixed-Gender Esports Tournaments","authors":"Kyle Nolla, Mark Beeman, Paul Reber, A. Eagly","doi":"10.1123/jege.2022-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jege.2022-0032","url":null,"abstract":"Competitive video gaming or esports is a field with the potential for gender-equal competition. However, esports is dominated by cisgender men at both the casual and professional levels. When a field is highly gender-imbalanced, gender minority groups tend to perceive the field as unwelcoming, which reduces interest in the field and further perpetuates unequal participation. One potential pathway to encourage interest and participation is the creation of gender-specific spaces, such as women-only tournaments in esports. To study the group effects of gender on tournament experience, we recruited cisgender women who were novice gamers for in-laboratory, one-on-one esports tournaments under two conditions: in women-only tournaments or mixed-gender tournaments with equally novice cisgender men. Our results show that in matches between men and women, women underperformed against men regardless of whether her opponent had played more often, less often, or equal to her in the past year. In addition, women who played in women-only tournaments gave more accurate estimates of their skill and reported greater task importance than women who played in mixed-gender tournaments. In practice, women-only tournaments may aid recruitment and retention of women in esports as a supplement to gameplay in mixed-gender competitive spaces.","PeriodicalId":266441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Gaming and Esports","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132010797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amanda C. Cote, Andrew Wilson, Jared Hansen, Brandon C. Harris, Md Waseq Ur Rahman, Onder Can, Tara Fickle, Maxwell Foxman
Collegiate esports programs are rapidly expanding across the United States, offering a meaningful location in which to study diversity, equity, and inclusion. Because educational institutions must legally provide equal opportunities for all students, collegiate esports programs may need to avoid gaming culture’s longstanding tendency toward toxic behavior and language. At the same time, it is unclear whether or how effectively collegiate programs currently promote diversity, equity, and inclusion, necessitating further exploration. Drawing on 31 in-depth interviews with collegiate esports players, program directors, tournament organizers, and members of related student support organizations, this research identifies four challenges that collegiate esports programs currently face when trying to prevent toxicity and encourage broader cultures of care and inclusion: (a) ambiguous definitions of “toxicity,” (b) its normalization, (c) unclear reporting/response mechanisms for those facing harassment, and (d) the collegiate esports community’s insularity. We discuss each of these themes and their impacts individually, then provide initial recommendations for esports programs hoping to better care for their students.
{"title":"Taking Care of Toxicity: Challenges and Strategies for Inclusion in U.S. Collegiate Esports Programs","authors":"Amanda C. Cote, Andrew Wilson, Jared Hansen, Brandon C. Harris, Md Waseq Ur Rahman, Onder Can, Tara Fickle, Maxwell Foxman","doi":"10.1123/jege.2022-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jege.2022-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Collegiate esports programs are rapidly expanding across the United States, offering a meaningful location in which to study diversity, equity, and inclusion. Because educational institutions must legally provide equal opportunities for all students, collegiate esports programs may need to avoid gaming culture’s longstanding tendency toward toxic behavior and language. At the same time, it is unclear whether or how effectively collegiate programs currently promote diversity, equity, and inclusion, necessitating further exploration. Drawing on 31 in-depth interviews with collegiate esports players, program directors, tournament organizers, and members of related student support organizations, this research identifies four challenges that collegiate esports programs currently face when trying to prevent toxicity and encourage broader cultures of care and inclusion: (a) ambiguous definitions of “toxicity,” (b) its normalization, (c) unclear reporting/response mechanisms for those facing harassment, and (d) the collegiate esports community’s insularity. We discuss each of these themes and their impacts individually, then provide initial recommendations for esports programs hoping to better care for their students.","PeriodicalId":266441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Gaming and Esports","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133517063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Bonnar, M. Hwu, Sangha Lee, M. Gradisar, Sooyeon Suh, M. Kahn
The present study investigated the influence and perspective of esports coaches and support staff on the sleep habits of esports athletes competing at professional and semiprofessional levels. Eighty-four esports coaches and support staff from 19 countries completed an online questionnaire. The first section obtained demographic information. The second section evaluated sleep hygiene knowledge using the Sleep Beliefs Scale. The third section assessed sleep monitoring and sleep hygiene practices used by coaches and support staff with esports athletes, barriers to the use of these practices, and conditions that impact the sleep of esports athletes. Overall, sleep hygiene knowledge was inadequate (<75%, based on the study of Miles et al.). Sleep monitoring frequency was low (48.8%), while sleep hygiene practices were implemented more often (66.7%). The most common barrier to sleep monitoring and sleep hygiene practices was players not liking it (50% and 46.3%, respectively). Night competitions (64.6%), congested competition times (51.2%), and night training schedules (47.6%) all rated highly as having an impact on esports athletes’ sleep. Sleep education and training for coaches and support staff in the optimal use of sleep monitoring and sleep hygiene practices may increase the frequency and quality of sleep health support provided to esports athletes.
{"title":"The Influence of Coaches and Support Staff on the Sleep Habits of Esports Athletes Competing at Professional and Semiprofessional Level","authors":"D. Bonnar, M. Hwu, Sangha Lee, M. Gradisar, Sooyeon Suh, M. Kahn","doi":"10.1123/jege.2022-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jege.2022-0023","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigated the influence and perspective of esports coaches and support staff on the sleep habits of esports athletes competing at professional and semiprofessional levels. Eighty-four esports coaches and support staff from 19 countries completed an online questionnaire. The first section obtained demographic information. The second section evaluated sleep hygiene knowledge using the Sleep Beliefs Scale. The third section assessed sleep monitoring and sleep hygiene practices used by coaches and support staff with esports athletes, barriers to the use of these practices, and conditions that impact the sleep of esports athletes. Overall, sleep hygiene knowledge was inadequate (<75%, based on the study of Miles et al.). Sleep monitoring frequency was low (48.8%), while sleep hygiene practices were implemented more often (66.7%). The most common barrier to sleep monitoring and sleep hygiene practices was players not liking it (50% and 46.3%, respectively). Night competitions (64.6%), congested competition times (51.2%), and night training schedules (47.6%) all rated highly as having an impact on esports athletes’ sleep. Sleep education and training for coaches and support staff in the optimal use of sleep monitoring and sleep hygiene practices may increase the frequency and quality of sleep health support provided to esports athletes.","PeriodicalId":266441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Gaming and Esports","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134065362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prior research into gaming toxicity in game-specific Reddit communities nearly always considers toxicity in aggregate, and so provides very few clues for a valid coding scheme for isolating toxic language and triggers that specifically target women gamers. Existing research offers a starting place for devising valid methods for measuring and detecting toxic language and toxic triggers within specified data sets, but that research is less useful is its applicability to game-related forms of toxicity targeting women gamers. Where this research had originally hoped to develop an automated method for scoring, limitations with automated detection of toxicity discussed within the paper prompted a shift to what the authors identify as a key intermediate step—better accuracy in toxicity detection by automated means—that will contribute to future achievements in reducing toxicity toward women and other targeted groups in gaming communities. This paper is intended to aid projects that aim to incrementally improve our understanding of toxicity toward women in games and game communities and how to effectively measure it. The conclusion of this research ultimately hopes to contribute to providing information to inform policies that create a safer and more respectful gaming environment for all gamers.
{"title":"Measuring Toxicity Toward Women in Game-Based Communities","authors":"Matthew Belskie, Hanlin Zhang, B. Hemminger","doi":"10.1123/jege.2022-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jege.2022-0035","url":null,"abstract":"Prior research into gaming toxicity in game-specific Reddit communities nearly always considers toxicity in aggregate, and so provides very few clues for a valid coding scheme for isolating toxic language and triggers that specifically target women gamers. Existing research offers a starting place for devising valid methods for measuring and detecting toxic language and toxic triggers within specified data sets, but that research is less useful is its applicability to game-related forms of toxicity targeting women gamers. Where this research had originally hoped to develop an automated method for scoring, limitations with automated detection of toxicity discussed within the paper prompted a shift to what the authors identify as a key intermediate step—better accuracy in toxicity detection by automated means—that will contribute to future achievements in reducing toxicity toward women and other targeted groups in gaming communities. This paper is intended to aid projects that aim to incrementally improve our understanding of toxicity toward women in games and game communities and how to effectively measure it. The conclusion of this research ultimately hopes to contribute to providing information to inform policies that create a safer and more respectful gaming environment for all gamers.","PeriodicalId":266441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Gaming and Esports","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131225297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. McNulty, Seth E. Jenny, Oliver Leis, Dylan R. Poulus, P. Sondergeld, M. Nicholson
Background: Participation in esports (excluding active video games) has raised concerns due to its sedentary nature and the potential negative effects this may have on player health. As well, research suggests that physical activity (PA)/exercise improves specific cognitive skills that have been identified as positive contributors to esports performance. The aim of this systematic review was to assess whether evidence supports that PA/exercise positively impacts esports player performance. Methods: The systematic literature search comprised PubMed, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science up until March 31, 2022. An additional search included reference list searching, citation searching, and hand searching. Results: Emerging evidence suggests that PA/exercise as an intervention may have a positive effect on esports performance. While it appears that the majority of esports players believe PA/exercise to be beneficial to esports performance, only a minority currently undertake PA/exercise for the purpose of improving esports performance. Conclusion: Although further controlled experimental research is necessary, results highlight that PA/exercise may positively correlate with esports performance. These effects are consistent with the majority of player perceptions that PA/exercise is beneficial to esports performance. Qualified fitness and health professionals should be utilized to implement training to enhance esports performance, improve health, and extend player career length.
背景:电子竞技(不包括活跃的电子游戏)的参与引起了人们的关注，因为它的久坐性质以及可能对玩家健康产生的潜在负面影响。此外，研究表明，体育活动/锻炼可以提高特定的认知技能，这被认为是电子竞技表现的积极因素。本系统综述的目的是评估是否有证据支持PA/锻炼对电子竞技选手的表现产生积极影响。方法:系统检索截至2022年3月31日的PubMed、SPORTDiscus、PsycINFO、Web of Science等文献。额外的搜索包括参考文献列表搜索、引文搜索和手工搜索。结果:新出现的证据表明，PA/运动作为一种干预可能对电子竞技表现产生积极影响。虽然大多数电竞选手认为PA/exercise对电竞表现有益，但目前只有少数人为了提高电竞表现而进行PA/exercise。结论:虽然需要进一步的对照实验研究，但结果表明PA/运动可能与电子竞技表现呈正相关。这些影响与大多数玩家的看法一致，即PA/锻炼有利于电子竞技表现。应该利用合格的健身和健康专业人员来实施培训，以提高电子竞技成绩，改善健康状况，延长选手的职业生涯长度。
{"title":"Physical Exercise and Performance in Esports Players: An Initial Systematic Review","authors":"C. McNulty, Seth E. Jenny, Oliver Leis, Dylan R. Poulus, P. Sondergeld, M. Nicholson","doi":"10.1123/jege.2022-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jege.2022-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Participation in esports (excluding active video games) has raised concerns due to its sedentary nature and the potential negative effects this may have on player health. As well, research suggests that physical activity (PA)/exercise improves specific cognitive skills that have been identified as positive contributors to esports performance. The aim of this systematic review was to assess whether evidence supports that PA/exercise positively impacts esports player performance. Methods: The systematic literature search comprised PubMed, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science up until March 31, 2022. An additional search included reference list searching, citation searching, and hand searching. Results: Emerging evidence suggests that PA/exercise as an intervention may have a positive effect on esports performance. While it appears that the majority of esports players believe PA/exercise to be beneficial to esports performance, only a minority currently undertake PA/exercise for the purpose of improving esports performance. Conclusion: Although further controlled experimental research is necessary, results highlight that PA/exercise may positively correlate with esports performance. These effects are consistent with the majority of player perceptions that PA/exercise is beneficial to esports performance. Qualified fitness and health professionals should be utilized to implement training to enhance esports performance, improve health, and extend player career length.","PeriodicalId":266441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Gaming and Esports","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127453734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy drinks represent one of the fastest-growing beverage markets and have become an increasingly popular dietary supplement among teenagers and young adults. Energy drinks are a class of beverages that contain high levels of energy-enhancing ingredients (e.g., caffeine, sugar, carnitine, taurine, and vitamins) that are presumed to provide physical and mental stimulation to users. Despite the growing popularity, there has been increasing scientific evidence warning consumers of the health risks associated with energy drink consumption. Meanwhile, many energy drink brands have deliberately created a symbiotic relationship with video gaming through a variety of marketing strategies. This study attempts to investigate the interrelationships between video gaming and energy drink consumption, including assessing the common motives and perceptions for consuming energy drinks, as well as the impact of energy drink marketing on gaming participants.
{"title":"“Fueling the Games”: Energy Drink Consumption, Marketing, and the Associated Perceptions and Behaviors in Video Gaming","authors":"Dana Roscoe, H. Pu, D. Cuy Castellanos, J. Dalton","doi":"10.1123/jege.2022-0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jege.2022-0047","url":null,"abstract":"Energy drinks represent one of the fastest-growing beverage markets and have become an increasingly popular dietary supplement among teenagers and young adults. Energy drinks are a class of beverages that contain high levels of energy-enhancing ingredients (e.g., caffeine, sugar, carnitine, taurine, and vitamins) that are presumed to provide physical and mental stimulation to users. Despite the growing popularity, there has been increasing scientific evidence warning consumers of the health risks associated with energy drink consumption. Meanwhile, many energy drink brands have deliberately created a symbiotic relationship with video gaming through a variety of marketing strategies. This study attempts to investigate the interrelationships between video gaming and energy drink consumption, including assessing the common motives and perceptions for consuming energy drinks, as well as the impact of energy drink marketing on gaming participants.","PeriodicalId":266441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Gaming and Esports","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117190671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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