Pub Date : 2012-10-01DOI: 10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459078
X. Lian, H. Nikookar
Cognitive Radio (CR) is an intelligent radio system, which is capable of being aware of the communication environment and consequently adapts to it. With Null Broadening (NB) technique, CR can share the spectrum and coexist with licensed users (LU) by displaying nulls to a certain range of Direction of Arrival (DOA) of LU. In this paper, we present a new CR downlink beamforming method via combining filtering and NB techniques together, which enables CR to broaden and also deepen the nulls towards LU directions. Meanwhile, it also enlarges the width of the main beam to tolerate the DOA ambiguity of CR users. After employing the proposed method, CR directs the main beam towards its own users while putting deeper and wider nulls to the LU in the downlink beamforming. The proposed beamforming scheme causes less interference to LU while sharing the same spectrum.
认知无线电(Cognitive Radio, CR)是一种能够感知通信环境并适应通信环境的智能无线电系统。Null展宽(NB)技术通过在许可用户的DOA (Direction of Arrival)的一定范围内显示Null，使CR与许可用户共享频谱并共存。在本文中，我们提出了一种结合滤波和NB技术的CR下行波束形成新方法，该方法可以使CR向低频方向加宽和加深零点。同时，它还扩大了主波束的宽度，以容忍CR用户的方位模糊。采用该方法后，CR在下行波束形成时将主波束引导到自己的用户，同时将更深更宽的空区置于LU中。所提出的波束形成方案在共享同一频谱的情况下，对链路的干扰较小。
{"title":"Downlink beamforming with broadened and deepened nulls for Cognitive Radio","authors":"X. Lian, H. Nikookar","doi":"10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459078","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive Radio (CR) is an intelligent radio system, which is capable of being aware of the communication environment and consequently adapts to it. With Null Broadening (NB) technique, CR can share the spectrum and coexist with licensed users (LU) by displaying nulls to a certain range of Direction of Arrival (DOA) of LU. In this paper, we present a new CR downlink beamforming method via combining filtering and NB techniques together, which enables CR to broaden and also deepen the nulls towards LU directions. Meanwhile, it also enlarges the width of the main beam to tolerate the DOA ambiguity of CR users. After employing the proposed method, CR directs the main beam towards its own users while putting deeper and wider nulls to the LU in the downlink beamforming. The proposed beamforming scheme causes less interference to LU while sharing the same spectrum.","PeriodicalId":266910,"journal":{"name":"2012 42nd European Microwave Conference","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131551325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-01DOI: 10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459171
L. Zwirello, C. Heine, Xuyang Li, T. Schipper, T. Zwick
One of the most important issues in Ultra-Wideband (UWB) communication is the achievable transmission distance. Due to the regulatory issues the transmit power is strictly limited, therefore larger ranges can be achieved by using the receivers with best noise handling properties. In this paper several UWB transceiver architectures, most commonly encountered in the literature, are selected and compared with each other. From this group, three receiver structures are chosen for a simulation-and measurement-based performance verification in terms of the Signal-to-Noise Ratio in the processed signal. The firm base for the comparison among the architectures is assured by the common hardware. The implemented generic UWB transceiver enables the realization of different receiver structures by introducing only minor modifications.
{"title":"SNR performance verification of different UWB receiver architectures","authors":"L. Zwirello, C. Heine, Xuyang Li, T. Schipper, T. Zwick","doi":"10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459171","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important issues in Ultra-Wideband (UWB) communication is the achievable transmission distance. Due to the regulatory issues the transmit power is strictly limited, therefore larger ranges can be achieved by using the receivers with best noise handling properties. In this paper several UWB transceiver architectures, most commonly encountered in the literature, are selected and compared with each other. From this group, three receiver structures are chosen for a simulation-and measurement-based performance verification in terms of the Signal-to-Noise Ratio in the processed signal. The firm base for the comparison among the architectures is assured by the common hardware. The implemented generic UWB transceiver enables the realization of different receiver structures by introducing only minor modifications.","PeriodicalId":266910,"journal":{"name":"2012 42nd European Microwave Conference","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132638276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-01DOI: 10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459374
W. Alomar, A. Mortazawi
A novel design technique for a serially fed antenna array employing a negative group delay (NGD) circuit is reported. The NGD is generated using an antenna and a T-junction power divider. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first demonstration of employing an antenna to generate NGD. The NGD circuit cancels out the positive group delay caused by the feed lines within the array. This results in beam squint elimination over the entire antenna operation bandwidth.
{"title":"Elimination of beam squint in serially fed arrays with negative group delay circuits incorporating antenna elements","authors":"W. Alomar, A. Mortazawi","doi":"10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459374","url":null,"abstract":"A novel design technique for a serially fed antenna array employing a negative group delay (NGD) circuit is reported. The NGD is generated using an antenna and a T-junction power divider. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first demonstration of employing an antenna to generate NGD. The NGD circuit cancels out the positive group delay caused by the feed lines within the array. This results in beam squint elimination over the entire antenna operation bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":266910,"journal":{"name":"2012 42nd European Microwave Conference","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115830799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-01DOI: 10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459335
O. Karabey, S. Bausch, S. Bildik, S. Strunck, A. Gaebler, R. Jakoby
This paper presents design and application of a varactor loaded tunable coupled line for a polarization agile antenna. Based on the investigations, a method is proposed to reduce the required varactor tunability. Later on, the results are verified by prototyping an antenna, which consists of a liquid crystal based tunable coupled line. The antenna operates at 13.75 GHz with a return loss of better than 10 dB. The measurement results confirm that the polarization state of the antenna can be changed continuously between linear and circular polarizations by applying a DC bias voltage to the varactors.
{"title":"Design and application of a liquid crystal varactor based tunable coupled line for polarization agile antennas","authors":"O. Karabey, S. Bausch, S. Bildik, S. Strunck, A. Gaebler, R. Jakoby","doi":"10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459335","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents design and application of a varactor loaded tunable coupled line for a polarization agile antenna. Based on the investigations, a method is proposed to reduce the required varactor tunability. Later on, the results are verified by prototyping an antenna, which consists of a liquid crystal based tunable coupled line. The antenna operates at 13.75 GHz with a return loss of better than 10 dB. The measurement results confirm that the polarization state of the antenna can be changed continuously between linear and circular polarizations by applying a DC bias voltage to the varactors.","PeriodicalId":266910,"journal":{"name":"2012 42nd European Microwave Conference","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115808455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-01DOI: 10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459242
Shiran Wang, Fu‐Chiarng Chen
Mushroom structure exhibits unique electromagnetic properties that have led to a wide range of application in microwave and antenna community. This paper focuses on the electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) characteristic of the mushroom structure with the suspending microstrip line, and a new concept of the mushroom interlaced periodic arrayal has proposed. By the simulated and measured results, it is verified that the mushroom structure with the suspending microstrip line can generate multi-band EBG characteristic. Moreover, we use the new concept to design a new triplexer circuit. The triplexer can integrate three kinds of communication systems with each other, which operate at frequencies including GSM 1800MHz, WiFi 2.45GHz, and WiMAX 3.5GHz, respectively.
{"title":"The multi-band EBG characteristic of the mushroom structure with the suspending microstrip line","authors":"Shiran Wang, Fu‐Chiarng Chen","doi":"10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459242","url":null,"abstract":"Mushroom structure exhibits unique electromagnetic properties that have led to a wide range of application in microwave and antenna community. This paper focuses on the electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) characteristic of the mushroom structure with the suspending microstrip line, and a new concept of the mushroom interlaced periodic arrayal has proposed. By the simulated and measured results, it is verified that the mushroom structure with the suspending microstrip line can generate multi-band EBG characteristic. Moreover, we use the new concept to design a new triplexer circuit. The triplexer can integrate three kinds of communication systems with each other, which operate at frequencies including GSM 1800MHz, WiFi 2.45GHz, and WiMAX 3.5GHz, respectively.","PeriodicalId":266910,"journal":{"name":"2012 42nd European Microwave Conference","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131517910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-01DOI: 10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459157
D. Penkin, G. Janssen, A. Yarovoy
An algorithm suitable to estimate the source node location in a large-scale wireless sensor network without relying on a particular network infrastructure is developed based on a discrete percolation approach. The algorithm's applicability is evaluated in terms of confidence intervals for the Gaussian distribution of hop count in a peripheral channel and cooperative routing effect is exploited to improve the localization approach.
{"title":"Source node location estimation in large-scale wireless sensor networks","authors":"D. Penkin, G. Janssen, A. Yarovoy","doi":"10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459157","url":null,"abstract":"An algorithm suitable to estimate the source node location in a large-scale wireless sensor network without relying on a particular network infrastructure is developed based on a discrete percolation approach. The algorithm's applicability is evaluated in terms of confidence intervals for the Gaussian distribution of hop count in a peripheral channel and cooperative routing effect is exploited to improve the localization approach.","PeriodicalId":266910,"journal":{"name":"2012 42nd European Microwave Conference","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133595754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-01DOI: 10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459258
M. Zucca, M. Ciattaglia, R. Pintauro, G. Valério, A. Galli
A novel compact, light-weight, and low-loss printed circuit based on hybrid rings is developed and tested for processing functionalities in radar applications. The circuit modularity and the design choices enable for the reduction both of the topological complexity of the beam forming network and of the relevant ohmic losses with consequent improvements in the antenna gain. At the same time, this circuit allows us to manage only two RF channels (instead of the conventional three) combining Delta and Omnidirectional channels with the possibility to modulate Omni-channel signal. After the design and simulation processes, two components have been built and measured, showing the expected valid performance.
{"title":"Compact and low-loss printed circuit based on hybrid rings for radar applications","authors":"M. Zucca, M. Ciattaglia, R. Pintauro, G. Valério, A. Galli","doi":"10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459258","url":null,"abstract":"A novel compact, light-weight, and low-loss printed circuit based on hybrid rings is developed and tested for processing functionalities in radar applications. The circuit modularity and the design choices enable for the reduction both of the topological complexity of the beam forming network and of the relevant ohmic losses with consequent improvements in the antenna gain. At the same time, this circuit allows us to manage only two RF channels (instead of the conventional three) combining Delta and Omnidirectional channels with the possibility to modulate Omni-channel signal. After the design and simulation processes, two components have been built and measured, showing the expected valid performance.","PeriodicalId":266910,"journal":{"name":"2012 42nd European Microwave Conference","volume":"312 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122239498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For future millimeter-wave backhaul links, the increasing demand of high-speed communication systems over 10-Gbps is imposing an increasing modulation complexity from 64-QAM to 256-QAM, or even up to 1024-QAM, which results in a stringent linearity requirement of the millimeter-wave CMOS transceiver design. This paper will cover recently reported linearization techniques for millimeter-wave CMOS low-noise amplifiers, frequency converters, and power amplifiers. These techniques are essential for future efficiency enhancement and self-calibrated high-yield mass production of millimeter-wave products.
{"title":"Millimeter-wave CMOS transceiver linearization for ultra high-speed wireless backhaul links","authors":"Tian-Wei Huang, Wei-Tsung Li, Hong-Yuan Yang, Yen-Hung Kuo, J. Cheng, Jeng‐Han Tsai","doi":"10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459093","url":null,"abstract":"For future millimeter-wave backhaul links, the increasing demand of high-speed communication systems over 10-Gbps is imposing an increasing modulation complexity from 64-QAM to 256-QAM, or even up to 1024-QAM, which results in a stringent linearity requirement of the millimeter-wave CMOS transceiver design. This paper will cover recently reported linearization techniques for millimeter-wave CMOS low-noise amplifiers, frequency converters, and power amplifiers. These techniques are essential for future efficiency enhancement and self-calibrated high-yield mass production of millimeter-wave products.","PeriodicalId":266910,"journal":{"name":"2012 42nd European Microwave Conference","volume":"1416 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113994946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-01DOI: 10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459296
P. Farinelli, H. El Ghannudi, G. Resta, B. Margesin, M. Erspan, R. Sorrentino
This paper presents the development of a fully packaged and connectorized SP4T MEMS switch for space applications. The device is provided with metal hermetic box, SSMA and SMA connectors and space qualified DC-DC Converter to operate with standard 0-5V signals. The fully packaged switches show insertion loss better than 0.65dB and isolation better than 50dB up to 240MHz. Power handling capability up to 2.5W was demonstrated during the 160h of the applied burn-in test. The devices has been developed by RF Microtech (Perugia - Italy), FBK (Fondazione Bruno Kessler - Trento - Italy) and Optoi Microelectronics (Trento - Italy).
{"title":"High power SP4T MEMS switch for space applications","authors":"P. Farinelli, H. El Ghannudi, G. Resta, B. Margesin, M. Erspan, R. Sorrentino","doi":"10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459296","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the development of a fully packaged and connectorized SP4T MEMS switch for space applications. The device is provided with metal hermetic box, SSMA and SMA connectors and space qualified DC-DC Converter to operate with standard 0-5V signals. The fully packaged switches show insertion loss better than 0.65dB and isolation better than 50dB up to 240MHz. Power handling capability up to 2.5W was demonstrated during the 160h of the applied burn-in test. The devices has been developed by RF Microtech (Perugia - Italy), FBK (Fondazione Bruno Kessler - Trento - Italy) and Optoi Microelectronics (Trento - Italy).","PeriodicalId":266910,"journal":{"name":"2012 42nd European Microwave Conference","volume":"1 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114123137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-01DOI: 10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459087
M. Cordoba-Erazo, T. Weller
A dielectric resonator-based microwave probe for low loss and lossy liquids characterization is presented in this paper. When the probe is operated under in-situ conditions, improvement of the probe sensitivity to variations in the permittivity of the liquid was observed. Measurements of the quality factor of the resonator reveal that the probe is able to resolve variations around 0.04 in e' for low loss liquids. The spatial resolution of the probe is 10 μm, and was experimentally verified by scanning a MMIC detector covered with a 30 μm thick layer of mineral oil, at a standoff distance of 10 μm. Scanning results confirm that the presence of the mineral oil layer on top of the circuit improves the sensitivity of the probe without degrading the spatial resolution. Simulated data using a lumped-element model of the probe and sample support the measured results.
{"title":"Liquids characterization using a dielectric resonator-based microwave probe","authors":"M. Cordoba-Erazo, T. Weller","doi":"10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EUMC.2012.6459087","url":null,"abstract":"A dielectric resonator-based microwave probe for low loss and lossy liquids characterization is presented in this paper. When the probe is operated under in-situ conditions, improvement of the probe sensitivity to variations in the permittivity of the liquid was observed. Measurements of the quality factor of the resonator reveal that the probe is able to resolve variations around 0.04 in e' for low loss liquids. The spatial resolution of the probe is 10 μm, and was experimentally verified by scanning a MMIC detector covered with a 30 μm thick layer of mineral oil, at a standoff distance of 10 μm. Scanning results confirm that the presence of the mineral oil layer on top of the circuit improves the sensitivity of the probe without degrading the spatial resolution. Simulated data using a lumped-element model of the probe and sample support the measured results.","PeriodicalId":266910,"journal":{"name":"2012 42nd European Microwave Conference","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114957555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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